Urban planning
Barnard Mutua Architects
Windhoek, Namibia
February 2012 Ir. Ronald Fukken
expected results of the project
1. Identifying appropriate urban design inside Barnard Mutua Architects.
2. Tools to assist Municipality and Local / Central Government to appoint urban design and planning to control spatial development.
3. Establishing contacts and support network in Urban Planning
4. Preparing frameworks for current urban design initiatives.
Context 1. About
– PUM Netherlands Senior Experts
– Ir. Ronald Fukken
2. Dutch Planning and Urban Design 1. Existing spatial planning in Netherlands
2. Types of spatial plans • Involved disciplines
3. Planning and Urban Design possibilities for Namibia
1. Existing + needed spatial planning in Namibia
2. Possible Spatial Planning • Needed disciplines
3. Spatial planning policy and network
4. Current and possible planning and urban design initiatives
Mission 1. professional volunteers (senior experts) transfer their
knowledge, promote self-sufficiency, entrepreneurship and sustainable development in developing countries and emerging markets.
2. numbers of entrepreneurs in developing countries and emerging markets are keen to make progress, yet lack knowledge and experience to do so. PUM performs a role in providing them with the required knowledge and experience.
3. is keen to be viewed as programme that contributes to sustainable development of businesses in developing countries and emerging markets, in effective and efficient manner.
4. In medium term endeavour to develop into world’s most professional voluntary organisation of senior experts, with substantial impact on development of private sector in developing countries and emerging markets
5. In long term, ensure that businesses in developing countries and emerging markets have acquired sufficient knowledge to become growth engines for their local economies, so that they no longer require PUM’s assistance.
Overview 2010
49 paid staff
127 voluntary staff
3188 experts
278 local representatives
(worldwide)
Active in 70 countries
2099 projects
Since 1978, almost
30.000 projects realised
1. about
1. About
Ronald Fukken 1971 Delft In de Veste
1974
Helmond centrum
1978
Nieuwegein stadscentrum
1990 Haarlem
strplanbinnenstad
1995 Haarlem
uitvoeringspl binnenstad
1990 Noordvleugel
Randstad
1995 Bollenstad
Haarlem - Leiden
2004 Inspector Eatam village
Pottuvil, Sri Lanka
2009 Structure Housing Vision
Nakuru, Kenya Densification
zones
Haarlem
2. Dutch Planning and Urban Design
• Types of spatial plans + Involved disciplines
• Existing spatial planning in Netherlands
Types of spatial plans working disciplines
• Spatial programme planning
– National + regional space planning
• Policy > law > plan
• Map + description
– Structure or master plans
• Regions, towns, settlements
• Global functional space identification
• Execute planning /urban design • (Global) destination plans
• Parcelling plans
• Architecture
• Disciplines
• Town planner /
• urban designer
• Planologue
• jurist
• Landscaper
• Traffic ing.
• For Economy
• + Sustainability
• Working in interdisciplinary cooperation
LEVEL APPROACH
ENVIRONMENTAL SURROUNDINGS
soil,, traffic, factories)
PLACE WORTH:
what can handle a
place?
Junction worth:
approachebility
PROGRAMMING
URBAN STRUCTURE
(culture, historic, image, highbuilding)
INTEGRATION 4 URBAN LEVELS:
Synthese, conflictS
LIVING - WORKING 4
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 3
TRAFFIC NETWORK 2
LANDSCAPE NETWORK 1
FUNCTIONING
CHANGE SPACES
General principles for sustainable spatial planning
Green Casco Potential living extension
Amsterdam
Haarlem
Leiden
New livings in green
Sample for regional suburbanisation
Characterising Zones
Junctions and City Corridors
•Around crossings and main roads and near railway stations
•Same ambition
New and consolidation settlements
•Easy programme for housing
•Neighbourhood identity, sustainable living
City Development Zones
•Intensivating space use
•Mixed functions, high rise buildings, multi space use
•National, regional, City functions
junction
Under
construction
Consolidation
Structuurplan Haarlem
conceptkaart sept. 2002
city
developmentzones
• Historic Spaarne
• Railwayzone east
• Schipholroad
• North Spaarne
• Schalkwijk
Haarlem City Space Structure
• Layers and accents
– 1-3 floors • Living neighbourhoods
– 3-5 floors • Centre(s),
• Along secundary roads
– 5-9 floors • Junctions
• Along primary roads
– High rise accents • >9 floors
Birds eye view in aquarelle sketch mode
New town’s hart for Zaanstad
Haarlem Structure Plan
Centre Planning
Global policy
Axis's cross
Tangents system +
P-garages.
Residence area
Attention area’s
Structure Plan
Haarlem Town
Centre 1990
– Cool down Car
Traffic
• Tangents / round
ways
• P-garages
– Light Rail
• through Central
Area
– Facelift Central
Station Square
• Under grond at
“Gordian junction”
tunnel
Execution Plan Haarlem Town
Centre 1995
Renewed Haarlem
Town Centre 2011
Festivals on central market
Terraces in stead of traffic Terrace on new square
Programme in working out
rules destination plan
• Redevelopment plan old hospital – 380 houses – 8000 m2 offices – Park structure
• Car free / walk paths • P-cellar 420 p.pl
Define space quality
in
image quality plan
De
Sch
atk
am
er
aa
n h
et
Sp
aa
rne
•design + plan development = particuler
•selection based on:
•satisfy on programm of demands
•quality plan design
•costs / revenues
3. Planning and Urban Design possibilities for Namibia
• Existing + needed spatial planning
• Namibian spatial planning policy / laws
• Urban + regional planning:
– German proposal for infrastructural Master Plan
– Should be integral with Spatial Master Plan(ning) !!!
• Ambition of National + Local authorities ?
• Ambition of Barnard Mutua Architects
– Introduction urban design and spatial planning as advising office for Ministery and / or Local Authorities
– Asistance and cooperation with Netherlands experts and organisations
Possible spatial planning
• Namibia:
– Spatial planning law / policy > • National plan for integral spatial
development
• Regions:
– Regional Master plans
• Municipal:
– Structure Plan(s)
– Global destination plans
– Parcelling plans
• Working in interdisciplinary cooperation
Needed disciplines Town planning /
urban design
Planologue
Traffic
jurist
Landscape
Economy
Sustainability
Under level:
landscape
network
National Reserves
Mountains
Regional Planning
2nd + 4th level
Traffic +
Living,
Working
Network
highways
Secundary ways
Intern. airport
Touristic attr.
railways
Physical spatial planning on lands scale
Junction + living
+ working
Wind energy?
Noise zones
Sun energy?
Physical spatial planning on lands scale
2nd + 4th level
Environmental
surroundings
integration
National Reserves
Mountains
Junction + living
+ working
highways
Secundary
ways
railways
Physical spatial planning on lands scale
Touristic attr.
City Structure Plan:
Define Future Visions
• THE INTENDED SPATIAL STRUCTURE – Windhoek as
• National Capital and Service Centre
• International Center for economics, tourism and as Eco-town
• Junction on SW African S-N / E-W Highways / Railways
• Development area’s to high value investment zones
• Segregate internal and through going traffic.
• City Extents
• Restrict Urban Sprawl
• Recreation green zones and nature belt around
• Slow trafic routes and pedestrian areas, etc.
Mountains / bush
parks
Planning method for Windhoek
Green connections
River (walks)
1. level:
define landscape
network
2nd level: define traffic network
Principle:
1. Public transport from junction to junction
2. Passing traffic by round ways
3. Destination traffic by radial road system
National Highways
Round way connection
City centre
City radial connection
roads
Botswana /
Int. airport
Touristic road
South Africa /
Sossus vlei
Railway (Poss) station
Angola / Etosha Pan Walvis bay /
Ocean beach
Pedestrian + cycle connections
National Highways
Round way connection
City radial connection
roads
Int. airport
South Africa
Angola
Railway (Poss) station
junction
3rd level: define social, living, working networks
Principle:
1. town + sub centres
2. neighbourhoods diversity
3. work areas
4. (potential multi functional) junctions
airport
S Africa gate
Botswana gate
Katura centre
university
4th level: • define urban structure
• city image
• diversity in neighbourhoods
• (inter) city corridors
• accents in character and height
Angola gate
town corridors
(inter) national corridors
town centre
Windhoek City Space Structure
National Highways
City radial connection
roads
Int. airport
South Africa
Angola
Railway + stations
Town centre, junction
Possible Windhoek Structure Plan
Working areas
Lining + housing
Hills
Hills
City Structure Plan Windhoek 2032 principle description set up
Context
• PART 1 INTRODUCTION AND
FRAMEWORK SETTING – Structure plan for Windhoek
– History of Town development
– Windhoek and surroundings
– Future vision Windhoek
– Development based on sustainable municipal development
– Decision points Part 3
• PART 2 WISHES OF SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT – Landscape
– Traffic
– Recreation, tourism, culture
– Social – welfare development
– Living, working and economics
– Urban structure and worths
– Environmental surroundings and sustainability
• PART 3 STRUCTURE PLAN
– Introduction
– Considerations
– Choices
– Description of Structure Plan
– Development locations
– Vision on future regional tasks
• PART 4 SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE – If needed…
• PART 5 JURIDICAL PRESCRIPTION – If formal Plan…
Based on structure Plan Haarlem 2020
Tangent around centre
innerTangent
Service roads
Low car area
Pedestrian area
View axes
Park(axes)
Windhoek Centre Structure Plan possibilities
discussions
Parking garages
Excample for a destination plan
for S E part Windhoek Centre
1
Plan border
CONTEXT
offices
Public buildings
Public green
Pedestrian Area
(View) Axes
Working out Area 1, 2
Programm in description WO1
Integrated Public Parking
Accents
Possible Organisation Chart
Management Team
Implementation Team
CEO: City of Windhoek
SE: Infra Structure,
water & Waste Management
SE: Economic Development &
Community Services
SE: Planning Urbanisation & Environment
Urban Design Consultant
Team Leader,
Chief Urban Planning Dep.
Planner / Urban Designer
Consulting Office
Urban Planner Planning Dep
Landscape Designer
Infra Structure
Ing.
Official Economics
etc
Secretary
4. Current and possible urban design
initiatives
Possibilities for starting up projects in
cooperation
1. Quick Scans for
1. Windhoek structure planning
2. Windhoek Centre planning
3. New / existing neighbourhood planning
2. Workshops
With Council , key holders and other decision
makers to get involvement > Memorandum of
understanding
Methode for quick scan:
“SWOT”
• Write down on 4
papers:
– 3 - 5 S+W+O+T
• Notation on 4 big
papers
• Points of urgence
• Top 10
National Highways
City radial connection
roads
Int. airport
South Africa
Angola
Railway + stations
Town centre, junction
Working areas
Lining + housing
BMA initiatives for
Windhoek
1. Central issues: –Bringing traffic, landscaping,
architecture and urban design in integral spatial planning perspective
–Cooperation with Municipal Urban Planning Department
National Highways
City radial connection
roads
South Africa
Angola
Railway + stations
Town centre, junction
Working areas
Lining + housing
Development
Options for
Windhoek
3. Primary Urban
Corridor
Int. airport
2. River Walk
3. Secondary
Urban Corridors
1. Katatura
4. Rail emplacement zone
5. CBD Gateway
6. Goreangab
dam
7. Road Contractors Comp.
8. Polytec Campus Frame work
9. University + junction
Results & Planning Phases
1. Februari 2012
Introduction Global Spatial
Planning > OK for go on ?
2. September 2012 Quick scans / workshop >
Informal agreement
Different Plan set ups as sketches
3. December 2012 Comment rounds, ad justification,
agreement
Concept MOU
4. Etc.
5.
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