UPPER MUSCLES

Muscles of the face and mastication

1. Masseter

• Action - Elevates mandible

2. Temporalis

• Action - Elevates mandible

Muscles of the anterior triangle of the neck1. Digastric

Action -Elevates hyoid bone 2. Mylohyoid

Action -Elevates hyoid bone 3. Sternohyoid

Action - Depresses hyoid bone and hence larynx 4. Sternothyroid

Action - Depresses larynx 5. Thyrohyoid

Action - Elevates larynx or depresses hyoid bone 6. Sternocleidomastoid

Action - Flexes and laterally rotates cervical spine.

Muscles of the anterior triangle of the neck

Muscles that act on the scapula

1. Clavo-trapezius Action - Elevates and rotates scapula

2. Acromio-trapezius Action - Adducts scapula

3. Spinotrapezius Action - Depress scapula

4. Pectoralis Minor Action - Depress scapula

5. Levator scapulae Action - Elevate scapula

6. Serratus Anterior Action - Anterior rotation of scapula

7. Rhomboideus Action - Adducts scapula

Muscles that act on the scapula

Muscles that act on the arm1. Pectoralis Major

Action - Flex and adducts humerus2. Clavo-deltoid

Action - Flex humerus3. Acromio-deltoid

Action - Abduct humerus4. Spino-deltoid

Action - Extend humerus5. Infraspinatus

Action - Lateral rotation humerus 6. Supraspinatus

Action - Abduct humerus7. Subscapularis

Action - Medial rotation humerus8. Latissimus dorsi

Action - Adduct humerus9. Teres Major

Action - Adduct humerus

Muscles that act on the arm

Muscles that act on the forearm (radius and ulna)

1. Triceps Brachii

Action - Extend forearm

2. Biceps Brachii

Action - Flex forearm

3. Brachialis

Action - Flex forearm

4. Brachioradialis

Action - Flex forearm

5. Pronator Teres

Action - Pronation

6. Supinator

Action - Supination

Muscles that act on the forearm (radius and ulna)

Muscles that act on the wrists, hands and fingers

1. Extensor Carpi radialis longus Action - Extend wrist

2. Extensor Carpi radialis brevis Action - Extend wrist

3. Extensor Carpi ulnaris Action - Extend wrist

4. Extensor Digitorum Action - Extend fingers

5. Extensor Digiti Minimi Action - Extends 5th digit

6. Flexor Carpi Radialis Action - Flex wrist

7. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Action - Flex wrist

8. Palmaris LongusAction - Flex wrist

9. Flexor Digitorum ProfundusAction - Flex fingertips

10. Flexor Digitorum SuperficialisAction - Flex middle phalanges

11. Abductor Pollicis BrevisAction - Abduct thumb

Muscles that act on the wrists, hands and fingers