Unit #1: Wellness And HomeostasisCells and Homeostasis (1)
“Histology and Organization”
Generally speaking, animal and plant bodies are organized in the following manner
Cells Tissue Organ Organ System
Cells • The basic structural, functional and
biological unit of a living organism
2 types:
Prokaryotic Cells:
– Basic cells found in bacteria
– Smaller, lack organelles, lack a true nucleus and
carry minimal amounts of genetic material
Eukaryotic Cells:
– Larger more complex cells found in fungi, animal
and plant life.
– Contain organelles
– Have specialized functions
– Have a true nucleus which contains more condensed
genetic material
Organelle – a membrane bound structure within a cell that
performs some type of cellular function
Tissue • A group of similar cells that work together to
perform a specific function
4 general types of Animal Tissue:
“Connective Tissue”
– Fibrous tissue made up of cells separated by non – living
material called an “extracellular matric”
– Matrix can be liquid or solid
– This type of tissue gives shape to organs and can hold
them in place
– Blood, Bone, Tendons, Ligaments, Fat and Lung tissues
are examples of Connective Tissue
“Muscle Tissue”
– Tissues made up of muscle cells that are used to cause
movement (body movement, organ movement, movement
of material within the body)
– Tissue is made up of long narrow cells
“Nervous Tissue”
– Neural tissue made up of specialized cells called
neurons
– Used to carry impulses to and from the body’s central
nervous system
“Epithelial Tissue”
– Tissue formed by cells that cover the surfaces (internal
and external) of organs.
– “linings”
– used to protect organ surfaces
– Helps with absorption of water and nutrients
– Helps with the elimination of waste
– Can form glands that secrete enzymes and hormones
Organ
Organ System
Histology
• A collection of tissues joined in a structural
unit to serve a common function
• Two or more organs working together to
perform a specific body function
• The study of cells and tissues
• Scientists can gauge the health and function of
an organ or organ system by analyzing the
function of the tissues and cells that the organ
is made up of.
So, what does this have to do with Homeostasis?
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