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SFC 2053
BASIC NETWORKING
Introduction to Computer Networking - Hardware
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Computer Networking Device Computer networking devices are units that mediate data in
a computer network.
Computer networking devices are also called network
,
(IWU).
Units which are the last receiver or generate data are
called hosts or data terminal equipment.
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Router
A specialized network device that determines the
next network point to which it can forward a datapacket towards the destination of the packet.
Unlike a gateway, it cannot interface different
protocols.
Works on OSI layer 3
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Router
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Bridge:
A device that connects multiple network
segments along the data link layer.
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Switch:
A device that allocates traffic from one network
segment to certain lines which connect the segmentto another network segment.
Unlike a hub, a switch splits the network traffic and
sends it to different destinations.
Works on OSI layer 2.
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Switch:
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Hub: Connects multiple Ethernet segments together.
A hub does not examine or manage any of the trafficthat comes through it: any packet entering any port isrebroadcast on all other orts.
Packet collisions are more frequent in networksconnected using hubs than in networks connected usingSwitches.
Works on OSI layer 1
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Repeater:
A device used to amplify or regenerate digital
signals received while sending them from one partof a network into another.
Works on OSI layer 1
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Repeater:
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Firewall:
A piece of
hardware orsoftware put on
the network to
prevent somecommunications
forbidden by the
network policy
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Firewall:
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Modem:
A device that modulates an analog "carrier" signal
, ,
that also demodulates such a carrier signal to
decode the transmitted information, as a computer
communicating with another computer over the
telephone network
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Modem:
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Modem:
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Modem:
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Wireless AccessPoint (WAP)
A device that allows wireless devices to connect to a
wired network using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or relatedstandards.
The WAP usually connects to a router (via a wirednetwork), and can relay data between the wirelessdevices (such as computers or printers) and wireddevices on the network.
Works on OSI layer 2
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Wireless AccessPoint (WAP)
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Network Interface Controller
A network interface controller (also known as a network interface
card, network adapter, LAN adapter and by similar terms) is
a computer hardware component that connects a computer to
a computer network.
Whereas network interface controllers were commonly implementedon expansion cards that plug into a computer bus, the low cost and
ubiquity of the Ethernet standard means that most newer computers
have a network interface built into the motherboard
Wireless NIC adapters are also available.
Works on both OSI Layer 1 and 2
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Network Interface Controller
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Server
A server is a computer program running to serve the requests of
other programs, the "clients".
In most common use, server is a physical computer dedicated to
running one or more such services (as a host), to serve the needs of
users of the other computers on the network.
Depending on the computing service that it offers it could be
a database server, file server, mail server, print server, web server,
or some other kind of server.
Servers often provide essential services across a network, either to
private users inside a large organization or to public users viathe Internet
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Server
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Server
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