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No. 2
Work on the Urban Clean Development Mechanism(CDM), a key initiative of the UEA Secretariat to protect the
global environment, is progressing well during its second
of three research years, holding a Core-Team meeting of
experts from various international organizations including
UNEP, World Bank, UNFCCC for consultation and seeking
to develop a methodology for conducting pilot testing, and
addressing other issues.
The second year of research will include development of
the Urban CDM Framework and Methodology, the
proposal of the Carbon Emission Reduction Strategy and
Low-Carbon Green City Framework, as well as thedevelopment of a methodology for undertaking the Urban
CDM Pilot Testing, explained the UEA Secretariat.
The project on the development of the Urban CDM, as
agreed by attending UEA Member cities at the 2011 UEA
Gwangju Summit, is well underway, seeking to build a
common framework together with the UEA Secretariat,
UNEP and Korea Environment Institute(KEI). The first year
of research has already concluded last May, with key results
including the Feasibility Study of the Urban CDM reported
by UNEP. (see www.unep.org/urban_environment/PDFs/
UNEP_UrbanCDMreport.pdf.) The findings suggest thatexisting CDMs mainly consist of single projects and
therefore have difficulties to act as a carbon finance system
in cities in developing countries due to their size and
approach. Therefore the Urban CDM is necessary as a new
carbon financing system for these cities while greenhouse
gas reduction programs are sought at a city level.
The second-year research phase, conducted together by
UEA Secretariat and KEI, suggests: (1) the development of
a framework and methodology of the Urban CDM, (2)
implementation of the Carbon Emission Reduction
Strategy, (3) development of a framework to build Low-Carbon Green Cities, and (4) Pilot Tests of the Urban CDM
framework. In addition, for the second year of research,
UNEP suggests: (1) the selection of pilot cities, and (2) a
series of meetings with international stakeholders (e.g.
UNFCCC, World Bank) to conduct CDM activities.
The UEA Secretariat, together with UNEP, KEI, and other
participating parties will complete the research in the third
year, including the completion of the Urban CDM Pilot
Tests in UEA member cities, and plans to register the Urban
CDM methodology to UNFCCC by 2014.
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2 Urban EnvironmentalAccords
UEA Secretariat is
targeting UEA membercities to introduce their
best practices . When
member cities submit their
low-carbon policies and
best practices, the UEA
Secretariat will share them
with cities around the
world through newsletters,
UEA website, Urbanization
Knowledge Platform, etc.
The UEA Secretariat hasrequested further
submissions by sending a
letter of request and
application form to each
member city. The main
relevant sectors are
energy, transportation,
water, land use, food,
and construction.
Core Team, a working-group experts
organized to develop the Urban CDM
held a video conference 25 October, and
reviewed Terms of Reference(ToR) on
Urban CDM methodology development.
The Core Team conference, including
representatives from the World Bank and
other international organizations,
conducted technical reviews to improve
the quality of the second year of the
Urban CDM research for UNEP and KEI.Core-Team members include experts
from UNEP, UNFCCC, World Bank,
UN-HABITAT, Korea Environment
Institute(KEI), Korea Research Institute
for Human Settlement(KRIHS) and Dr.
Kwi-Gon Kim, UEA Secretariat General.
The result of this review will be
reflected in the second year research
development of the Urban CDM. The
Core-Team also agreed on having a
workshop in Gwangju in the near futureto further discuss development of the
integrated ToR for enhancing applicability
of the Urban CDM, and announce
overall results of the first year of research
on the Urban CDM.
For information, 'Core-Team fordeveloping framework of the Urban
CDM' was set up in order to improve the
quality of the Urban CDM framework,
following a proposal by Gwangju Mayor
Un Tae Kang, Co-chairman of UEA, on
his visit to the World Bank inWashington D.C. on last June.
UEA Secretariat collects
Member Cities eco-friendly best practices
Core-Team video conference discussing the Urban CDMInternational experts review ToR on developing Urban CDM Methodology
The UEA Secretariat opened its website
to reinforce solidarity, and circulate
information with member cities, at
www.ueama.org.The website introduces UEA member
cities and their functions and also
continuously provides updated documents
relating to the Urban CDM and best
practices of worldwide eco-friendly cities.
UEA Website Opened
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UEA NEWSLETTER 3
In accordance with the agreement at the 2011 UEA Gwangju Summit, the Urban Environmental Evaluation Index is to be released
soon, developed by UNEP and KEI during the first research year. The UEA Secretariat announced that this Index will be a valuable
standard to assess the environmental performances of worldwide cities and nominate the candidate cities of Global Low-Carbon
Green City Award to be initially awarded in 2014. The index is composed of 19 indices (see table below) including 17 which cover the
six key sectors including carbon circulation, and two additional optional indices. These have already completed final review by the
international organization's advisory group, a peer-review group consisting international organizations including UNEP, UNFCCC,
UNESCO, UNDP, World Bank, OECD, etc.
Urban Environment Evaluation Index
to be announced
Fields Suggested indices
Carbon Circulation 1. CO2 emission (ton/year), 2. CH4 emission (ton/per capita/year), 3. renewable energy
Environmental Pollution4. PM10 emission ( g/ ), 5. PM2.5 emission ( g/ ), 6. NOx (ton/per capita/year)
7. SOx (ton/per capita/year), 8. NH3 (ton/per capita/year)
Water Resources 9. water waste per head ( /per capita/year), 10. waste (%/year)
Waste 11. total solid waste (ton/per capita/year), 12. rate of solid waste
Land Use13. annual artificial area ( /year), 14. nature vegetation area ( /year)
15. redevelopment area restoration ( /year)
Nitrogen & Phosphorus16. annual amount of nitrogen load in streams (ton/year),
17. annual amount of phosphorus load in streams (ton/year)
Optional Index 18. city bio-diversity index, 19. water resource effect index
UEAU EA
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4 Urban Environmental Accords
Mr. Un-Tae Kang, Mayor of Gwangju
Metropolitan City and Co-Chief
Commissioner of UEA, gave a keynote
speech at the Global Town Hall of Rio+20
on 18 June titled Cities Can Save the
Earth to officially introduce the Urban
CDM to the worldwide community as an
effective city-level response to
environmental issues.
He said: We must move forward
towards the green dream and put intopractice measures to save our only
residence, planet Earth, from
environmental crisis . He then introduced
the Urban Environmental Evaluation
Index and Urban CDM , valued as the
keys to tackling global climate issues,
which were agreed on at the 2011 UEA
Gwangju Summit and are currently
under development by UEA Secretariat
and UNEP. He further proposed to the
Rio+20 Conference (UNCSD) that theUrban Environmental Evaluation Index
and the Urban CDM to be introduced to
the global society.
At the keynote speech, Mayor Kang
introduced the best practices and policies
of Gwangju to participating city
representatives and the international
society in order to showcase examples of
climate response at a city level. In
particular, the Carbon Bank System, of
which almost half of Gwangju shouseholds participate, was considered
the best model of Green Governance .
Efforts will be made to spread this
system worldwide in sectors of
transportation and green consumption,
and so forth , added Kang. He also
introduced Gwangju s endeavors to
reduce carbon emissions in the areas of
urban planning, land use and traffic
policies, such as the redevelopment of old
buildings to minimize traffic congestion.He then highlighted cities role to
contribute to sustainable development by
promoting and fostering eco-friendly
industries, creating the demand for green
industries, and forming an environment-
economy virtuous circle.
Figures related with UEA who
attended this conference showed a deep
interest in the Chairperson s suggestions
and shared the view that it would be a
very useful tool for development of global
environment.
Additionally, he visited the World Bank
and gave a special lecture on the theme ofCities can save the Earth and held
discussions with environmental experts
and World Bank representatives.
Especially, as a result of these discussions,
the World Bank concurred in setting up a
Core-Team to take charge of the the
Urban CDM, and so organized groups of
experts from UNEP, UNFCCC, World
Bank, KEI (Korea Environment Institute),
and KRIHS (Korea Research Institute of
Human Settlement). The Core-Team
achieved the first outcomes after
conducting technical reviews on the
Terms of Reference(ToR) for the UrbanCDM development framework on
October 25th.
Mr. Un-Tae Kang Introduced the Urban CDM at Rio+20Also visited World Bank to promote the Urban CDM
Mayor of Gwangju & Co-Chief Commissioner of UEA