Triple Point Plot

LeMay Jr, Beall, Robblee, Brower, Chemistry Connections to Our Changing World , 1996, page 488

solidliquid

gas

melting

freezing

sublimation

deposition

vaporization

condensation

Temperature (oC)

Pre

ssur

e (a

tm)

0.6

2.6

Liquid VaporSolid

Normalmelting point

Normalboilingpoint

101.3

0.61

0.016 1000Temperature (oC)

Pre

ssu

re (

KP

a)

Triple point

Triple Point

Criticalpressure

Critical point

Critical temperature

373.99

22,058

Objectives - Matter• Explain why mass is used as a measure of the quantity

of matter.• Describe the characteristics of elements, compounds,

and mixtures.• Solve density problems by applying an understanding of

the concepts of density.• Distinguish between physical and chemical properties

and physical and chemical changes.• Demonstrate an understanding of the law of

conservation of mass by applying it to a chemical reaction.

Objectives - Energy• Identify various forms of energy.• Describe changes in energy that take place

during a chemical reaction.• Distinguish between heat and temperature.• Solve calorimetry problems.• Describe the interactions that occur between

electrostatic charges.

Law of Conservation of EnergyEafter = Ebefore

2 H2 + O2 2 H2O + energy

+ + WOOF!

Law of Conservation of Energy

ENERGY

CO2 + H2OC2H2 + O2

PEreactants

PEproducts

KEstopper

heat, light, sound

Eafter = Ebefore

2 H2 + O2 2 H2O + energy

+ + WOOF!

Law of Conservation of Energy

ENERGY

C2H2 + O2C2H2 + O2

PEreactants

PEproducts

KEstopper

heat, light, sound

Eafter = Ebefore

2C2H2 + 5O2 4 CO2 + 2H2O + energy

Heating CurvesHeating CurvesT

emp

erat

ure

(oC

)

40

20

0

-20

-40

-60

-80

-100

120

100

80

60

140

Time

Melting - PE

Solid - KE

Liquid - KE

Boiling - PE

Gas - KE

Heating CurvesHeating Curves

Temperature Change• change in KE (molecular motion) • depends on heat capacity

Heat Capacity• energy required to raise the temp of 1

gram of a substance by 1°C• “Volcano” clip - water has a very high

heat capacityCourtesy Christy Johannesson www.nisd.net/communicationsarts/pages/chem

Heating CurvesHeating Curves

Phase Change• change in PE (molecular arrangement)• temp remains constant

Heat of Fusion (Hfus)

• energy required to melt 1 gram of a substance at its m.p.

Courtesy Christy Johannesson www.nisd.net/communicationsarts/pages/chem

Heating CurvesHeating Curves

Heat of Vaporization (Hvap)

• energy required to boil 1 gram of a substance at its b.p.

• usually larger than Hfus…why?

EX: sweating, steam burns, the drinking bird

Courtesy Christy Johannesson www.nisd.net/communicationsarts/pages/chem

Phase DiagramsPhase Diagrams

Show the phases of a substance at different temps and pressures.

Courtesy Christy Johannesson www.nisd.net/communicationsarts/pages/chem

Resources - Matter and Energy

Objectives - matter and energy - matter and energyObjectives - measurement - measurementObjectives - phases of matter - phases of matterWorksheet - vocabulary - vocabulary

Worksheet - percentage compositionWorksheet - percentage composition

Worksheet - properties - properties

Worksheet - density problems - density problems

Activity - density blocksActivity - density blocks

Lab - golf ball labLab - golf ball lab

Worksheet - classifying matter - classifying matter

Article - buckeyball & - buckeyball & questions (video) (video)

Outline (general)(general)

Activity - chromatography - chromatography

Outline - causes of change - calorimetryOutline - causes of change - calorimetry

Worksheet - calorimetry problems 1 - calorimetry problems 1

Worksheet - calorimetry problems 2 - calorimetry problems 2

Worksheet - heat energy problems - heat energy problems

Worksheet - conversion factors - conversion factors

Worksheet - atoms, mass, and the mole - atoms, mass, and the mole

activity - mole patternactivity - mole pattern

Article - buried in ice Article - buried in ice

Resources - Matter and Energy

Objectives - matter and energy - matter and energyObjectives - measurement - measurementObjectives - phases of matter - phases of matterWorksheet - vocabulary - vocabulary

Worksheet - percentage compositionWorksheet - percentage composition

Worksheet - properties - properties

Worksheet - density problems - density problems

Activity - density blocksActivity - density blocks

Lab - golf ball labLab - golf ball lab

Worksheet - classifying matter - classifying matter

Article - buckeyball & questions (video) - buckeyball & questions (video)

Outline (general)(general)

Activity - chromatographyActivity - chromatography

Outline - causes of change - calorimetryOutline - causes of change - calorimetry

Worksheet - calorimetry problems 1Worksheet - calorimetry problems 1

Worksheet - calorimetry problems 2Worksheet - calorimetry problems 2

Worksheet - heat energy problemsWorksheet - heat energy problems

Worksheet - conversion factorsWorksheet - conversion factors

Worksheet - atoms, mass, and the moleWorksheet - atoms, mass, and the mole

activity - mole patternactivity - mole pattern

Article - buried in ice Article - buried in ice