TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
TRIAD II. WorkshopTRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability - Making Transportation and sustainability - Making transportation policies and developments transportation policies and developments
smartersmarter
Adorján Horváth
AdLunam Ltd.
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Transport research in support to EU Transport research in support to EU policies on sustainable developmentpolicies on sustainable development
• Environment
• Lisbon agenda Research• Transport policies
Main policy drivers - environmental impacts of transport
The 7th Framework Programme: main instrument to implement EU Research Policy
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
The five challenge clusters of The five challenge clusters of transport researchtransport research
Sustainability
Social change
Globalization
Information technology
Institutional considerations
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Why sustainability?Why sustainability?
The framework of development
The 3 P’s of sustainability
•Planet (natural life-support, environmental context)
•People (human well-being, social context)
•Profit (economic growth, economic context)
• What is sustainable?
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Why transport research?Why transport research?
StrengthsEU air transport 2,1% of GDP,
3 million jobs
EU surface transport 11% of GDP, 15 million jobs
Challenges30% of total energy consumption
98% dependence on oil
environmental impacts:
CO2 emission
air, water, soil pollution
public health, biodiversity
Mobility, accessibility -> development
Maintaining competitiveness
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Climate change is here! (forever)Climate change is here! (forever)
Climate is changing all the time, but there is a connection between human CO2 emission and global warming
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
What the hell is climate change?What the hell is climate change?
Maybe this?
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
What the hell is climate change? (2)What the hell is climate change? (2)
Or rather this?
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
What the hell is climate change? (3)What the hell is climate change? (3)
Or even worse?
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Placing transport research into global Placing transport research into global environmental contextenvironmental context
Sustainability requires addressing environmental issues
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Environmental facts about transport Environmental facts about transport in the EUin the EU
25% of all CO2 emissions
Pollution costs 1,7% EU GDP
71% of all EU oil consumption required
Pollution social cost 360 €/year/capita
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Climate change research versus Climate change research versus transport researchtransport research
Climate change research global objectives
• Understanding climate change
• Providing solutions
• Reducing the climatic impact
Transport research global objectives
Develop • safer• smarter• greener
transport systems
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Major goals of transport research Major goals of transport research activitiesactivities
• Greening
• Mobility
• Safety
• Competitiveness
• Innovation
Green goals•Environmental management of construction, production, operation and recycling
•Addressing climate change, environmental protection and public health&safety through technological improvements for:
•reduction of energy use
•reduction of pollution
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Transport research in environmental Transport research in environmental contextcontext
The challenge: Energy need forecasts for transportation
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Transport research in environmental Transport research in environmental context (2)context (2)
What to do?
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Transport research in environmental Transport research in environmental context (3)context (3)
What to do?
• Incorporate current scientific knowledge into the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of transportation systems
• Most climate change data historically have focused on a global scale, but for transportation planning, smaller-scale analyses are necessary
• Transportation planners and climate scientists need to work together more closely to develop regional scenarios for likely climate-related changes and to compile the data needed to analyze their impacts
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Transport research in environmental Transport research in environmental context (4)context (4)
What to do?Compiling decision frameworks for
transportation research
Technical issues:
Improving vehicle efficiency
Reducing vehicle use
Decarbonizing fuels (LCFS)
Policy issues:
Compiling climate change action plans
Incorporating social sciences
Regulating and fostering the technical issues
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
A sample ‘Climate change action plan’A sample ‘Climate change action plan’
Three major focus areas:
1. Reducing GHG emissions from the transportation activities
2. Protecting the transportation infra-structure from the effects of climate change
3. Reducing the operational impacts on
climate change
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
1. Focus area1. Focus area
• Reducing transportation activities’ GHG emissions
A three-pronged approach:
• 1. Promoting the development, availability, and use of cleaner burning bio-fuels
• 2. Increasing vehicle efficiency • 3. Increasing the efficiency of the transportation system
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Reducing transportation activities’ Reducing transportation activities’ GHG emissions (1)GHG emissions (1)
• 1. Promoting the development, availability and use of cleaner burning bio-fuels
• Bio-fuel strategies• Low Carbon Fuel Standard
• 2. Increasing vehicle efficiency• Low emission vehicle program• Alternative vehicle technologies• Vehicle purchase incentives• Customer education• Regulation of unnecessary vehicle idling
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Reducing transportation activities’ Reducing transportation activities’ GHG emissions (2)GHG emissions (2)
• 3. Increasing the efficiency of the transportation system• Inter-modal connections and coordination• Enhance the level of public transportation• Park and ride facilities• Setting up rideshare databases/programmes• Increase to number of trips made by biking
and walking• Increase the use of passenger rail• Increase rail freight• Finding commuting alternatives• Growing local economies and encouraging land use planning and
community design such as “transit-oriented development” aimed at compact development patterns and a mix of uses in order to encourage
shorter trips and the viability of alternative modes
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
2. Focus area2. Focus area
Protecting the transportation infra-structure from the effects of climate change
Climate and weather background, indicators of climate changePotential threats to the transportation infrastructure from
climate changeClimate change adaptation strategies:• Bridging the gap between climate
science and adaptation action• Climate change and
transportation decision-making
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
3. Focus area3. Focus area
Reducing the operational impacts on climate change
•Monitoring energy use and undertaking activities and improvements to reduce energy use at facilities and in all
operations •Work to inform staff on their roles and responsibilities in reducing energy in the workplace•Continue biofuels use in the agency fleet and participate in the legislatively mandated biofuels study
•Increase participation in rideshare programmes Reduce/eliminate
paper use through electronic processes Investigate telecommuting
and reduced work week options
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Sustainable transportation indicatorsSustainable transportation indicators
• Sustainability reflects a concern for indirect and long-term impacts
• Important tool for better transportation planning
• No standard set existing
• Desirable to develop standardized, “baseline” indicator sets: some indicators suitable for all situations, and others for specific needs and conditions
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Sustainable transportation indicators (2)Sustainable transportation indicators (2)
Sustainable Transportation Issues (Litman and Burwell, 2006)Economic Social Environmental
Economic Accessibility quality Traffic congestionInfrastructure costs Consumer costs Mobility barriersAccident damages DNRRSocial Equity / fairness Impacts on mobility
disadvantagedAffordability Human health impacts Community cohesionCommunity livability AestheticsEnvironmental Air pollution Climate changeNoise pollution Water pollution Hydrologic impactsHabitat and ecologicaldegradation
DNRR
This table lists various impacts which should be reflected, as much as feasible, in sustainabletransportation indicator sets. (DNRR=Depletion of Non-Renewable Resources)
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Transportation social scienceTransportation social science
Integrating social, economic, and behavioral sciences into the transportation field
Problem-solving research
Attitudes and behaviour
Human factors
Information processing
Social impact assessment
Visual quality and the roadside
Roadside impressions
Visual quality and route choice
Roadside complexity
TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability
Social changes and sustainable Social changes and sustainable transporttransport
Activity-based approach: individual travel behaviours studied in a multidisciplinary framework
Differences in geography, culture and institutions -
arrangements for sustainable transport
– Differences in travel needs and preferences -lifestyles
– Cultural aspects of transport - car dependency, development of infrastructure
– Equity and accessibility - environmental quality
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