© Wärtsilä© Wärtsilä
TREATMENT OF WASH WATER FROM OPEN LOOP SCRUBBERSScrubbers 360 – An overview of scrubber technology and a study visit to DFDS Primula Seaways 09.05.2017
Johanna Snickars-NykambWärtsilä Services
Scrubberconference1 8.5.2017
• GENERAL
• WÄRTSILÄ SCRUBBER SYSTEMS
OPEN LOOP SCRUBBER SYSTEM
• WASH WATER TREATMENT
WASH WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM
RESULTS FROM ANALYSIS
EXPERIENCE
• SUMMARY
AGENDA
© Wärtsilä© Wärtsilä 8.5.2017 Empresa Naviera Elcano / JSN4
Marine emission – SOx • Sulphur oxides are formed when the
Sulphur in the fuel oxidizes during a combustion process.
• SOx are harmful both to the environment and to human beings (respiratory problems such as asthma, COPD or lung cancer)
• Dissolves in the water in air and form acid rain, destroying fresh water resources, land, buildings and crops.
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ALTERNATIVES TO REDUCING SOX
8.5.2017 Scrubberconference5
CHANGE TO MGORun full time on Marine Gas Oil (MGO).
CHANGE TO MGORun full time on Marine Gas Oil (MGO).
ConvenientSmall investmentConvenientSmall investment
High operating costFuture availability?High operating costFuture availability?
CONVERT TO LNGConvert engines to run on gas (LNG).
CONVERT TO LNGConvert engines to run on gas (LNG).
A solution which also reduces NOx and particulates
A solution which also reduces NOx and particulates
Investment cost LNG availabilityInvestment cost LNG availability
USE Exhaust Gas CleaningInstall an exhaust gas cleaning system (scrubber).
USE Exhaust Gas CleaningInstall an exhaust gas cleaning system (scrubber).
Works with high S HFO Lowest total lifecycle cost Use everywhereEasy operation
Works with high S HFO Lowest total lifecycle cost Use everywhereEasy operation
ROI depends on fuel oil price difference between low S fuel oil and high S HFO (scrubber)
ROI depends on fuel oil price difference between low S fuel oil and high S HFO (scrubber)
FUEL SWITCHSwitch to low sulphur fuel in SECA.
FUEL SWITCHSwitch to low sulphur fuel in SECA.
FlexibleSmall investmentFlexibleSmall investment
High operating cost in SECAFuel change over proceduresLube oil TBN managementFuel availability?Short term solution
High operating cost in SECAFuel change over proceduresLube oil TBN managementFuel availability?Short term solution
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MARINE SCRUBBER MILESTONES
1993: M/S FJORDSHELL EQUIPPED WITH KVÆRNER EGC
1997: IMO ADOPTS MARPOL ANNEX VI
2005: EU DIRECTIVE
2005: FIRST MARINE SCRUBBER PILOT
2008: IMO ADOPTS REVISED MARPOL ANNEX VI
2010: FIRST COMMERCIAL CONTRACT
2012: EU PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL DECISION
2015: SULPHURE LIMITATIONS IN ECA
2016: DECISION FOR 2020 GLOBAL SULPHUR CAP
2020: GLOBAL SULPHURE CAP ENTERS INTO FORCE
© Wärtsilä 8.5.2017 Scrubberconference8
YesYes NoNo PartlyPartly
NoNo YesYes PartlyPartly
OPEN LOOPOPEN LOOP
Ocean-going shipsOcean-going ships Low-alkalinity waters and for zero dischargeLow-alkalinity waters
and for zero discharge
Ships operating in both types of waters
or requiring full flexibility of operations
Ships operating in both types of waters
or requiring full flexibility of operations
CLOSED LOOPCLOSED LOOP HYBRIDHYBRID
SeawaterSeawater NaOHNaOH NaOH / SeawaterNaOH / Seawater
Dependable on seawater alkalinityDependable on seawater alkalinity
Zero discharge possibleZero discharge possible
ApplicationsApplications
Alkaline reactantAlkaline reactant
WÄRTSILÄ SCRUBBER SYSTEMS – SCRUBBER TYPES
Selection according to customer needsSelection according to customer needs
© Wärtsilä 8.5.2017 Venue / Author10
Exhaust gas analyser
Sludge tankWash water
pumpResidence tank
Scrubbing water pump
Inlet water measurement
Discharge water measurement
Deplume unit
Venturi
Optional
Exhaust gas fan
WÄRTSILÄ SCRUBBER SYSTEMS – OPEN LOOP SCRUBBER LAYOUT
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WÄRTSILÄ EGC SCRUBBERS - REFERENCES
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Others
Trawler: • 1 vessel • 11 MW scrubber
Merchant
Container vessels: • 5 vessels, 8 scrubbers, 105 MW Tankers: • 2 vessels, 2 scrubbers, 5 MWRo-Ro: • 21 vessels, 42 scrubbers, 411 MW Bulker: • 13 vessels, 13 scrubbers, 128 MWLPG: • 8 vessels, 15 scrubbers, 132 MW
Cruise and Ferry
Cruise: • 26 vessels • 52 scrubbers • 1425 MW in total
Ro-Pax: • 13 vessels • 45 scrubbers• 349 MW in total
3 segments 89 installations 178 scrubbers with 2566 MW between them
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Color Line SuperSpeed 2
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• Sailing twice a day from Norway to Denmark with a service speed of 27 knots• 4 x 9.45 MW Wärtsilä engines running with HFO having on average 2.3% S• Retrofit project: space limitations in the funnel• Wärtsilä Inline Scrubber installed in March 2014 at FaYard in Denmark
REFERENCES: OPEN LOOP SCRUBBER SYSTEM
© Wärtsilä
Finnlines
• Six RoRo vessels
• Operating mainly in the Baltic and North Sea
• One EGCU scrubber for each vessel, with the two main engines on each vessel being connected to a single integrated open loop scrubber system
• Equipment, concept & basic design, plan approval, technical advisory during installation
• Installed during H1 2015 at Nauta ship repair yard in Poland
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REFERENCES: OPEN LOOP SCRUBBER SYSTEM
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Clipper Quito & Clipper PoshSERIES OF VLGC
SOLVANG – HHI
55000 DWT LPG TANKERS
5 REPEAT ORDERS FROM FIRST INSTALLATION
1 X 15MW + 1 X 4MW SCRUBBERS (ME & AE)
V-SOX OPEN LOOP SYSTEMS
MORE THAN 12 000 RUNNING HOURS EACH
EARLY MOVERS GAIN EXPERIENCE
REFERENCES: OPEN LOOP SCRUBBER SYSTEM
© Wärtsilä
EGC water discharge regulations
8.5.2017 Empresa Naviera Elcano / JSN16
Area Body Act Requirement
Global IMO MEPC.259(68) Section 10:• Criteria include pH, PAH, turbidity, nitrates, additives.• Monitoring requirements: pH, PAH, turbidity and temperature.
US US EPA VGP 3 nm from base line:Section 2.2.26.1:• Criteria include pH, PAH, turbidity, nitrates+nitrites.Section 2.2.26.2:• Monitoring requirements: pH, PAH, turbidity and temperature.• Annual sampling, analyzing and reporting.Section 6 (states):• Reference to state Water Quality Standards in some states.• Hawaii has limit values for pH and turbidity.• Connecticut prohibits discharge of washwater.
Belgium Federal Discharge not allowed within 3 nm.
Germany Discharge not allowed in rivers and ports.
WATER DISCHARGE REGULATIONS
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CLEAN AIRCLEAN WATER
CLEAN CONSCIENCEEfficient scrubbing technology, removing both SOx and particulate matterScrubbing changes SOx back into sulphates, which occur naturally in seawaterOur tests show that we often get far below the set equivalent of 3,5%S down to 0,1%S. Thus removing even more sulphur oxides than required by the rules.Better for the environment than MGO, as it saves energy and removes some black carbon (PM 2.5 µm)Water treatment units installed on all installations – even in Open loopWater treatment will ensure compliance even at tricky conditions e.g. start-up. Water treatment will ensure that harmful heavy metals (from the engine soot) will not be released into the environment
WÄRTSILÄ AND THE ENVIRONMENT
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• Early experience with >40 000 test hours on board Zaandam and >5000 on Pride of Kent indicated that advanced open loop scrubbing water treatment was necessary, when problems with sheening arose.
• Problems with open loop water discharge will most often arise during start-up of the system, when a plume of particles will be going through the pipes. Without correct water treatment this will be discharged into the ocean and possibly lead to rule breaking.
• Wärtsilä is committed to following both current and future legislation, as well as providing the best and most environmentally sound technology for our customers.
8.5.2017 Empresa Naviera Elcano / JSN18
WATER TREATMENT IN OPEN LOOP – IS IT NECESSARY?
Operation Zaandam test unit before water
treatment for open loop was installed.
Sheening visible
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WATER TREATMENT – NEEDED OR NOT?
OPERATION ON TEST UNIT
BEFORE WATER TREATMENT
FOR OPEN LOOP WAS
INSTALLED
EXPERIENCE WAS BROUGHT BACK TO OUR TEST SITE
CLEAN AIR CLEAN WATER CLEAN CONSCIENCE
WATER TREATMENT WILL ENSURE THAT HEAVY METALSWILL NOT BE RELEASED INTO THE ENVIRONMENT
OPEN LOOP WATER TREATMENT – RESIDENCE TANK
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LAYOUT AND PRINCIPLE
FROM SCRUBBERDRAIN
TOHYDROCYCLONE
FROMHYDROCYCLONE
TODISCHARGE
© Wärtsilä 8.5.2017 [Presentation name / Author]21
WATER TREATMENT IN OPEN LOOP – SIMPLE AND EFFECTIVE
• Easy and reliable technology, known in the market
• Minimal maintenance and replacement due to no moving parts
• Will remove harmful particles from discharge water, that would otherwise be released into the sea
• Benefits the environment, and in the long run, human health
• Will guarantee compliance with strict legislation, even during start-up and switch-overs
OPEN LOOP WATER TREATMENT
8.5.2017 Empresa Naviera Elcano / JSN22
HYDROCYCLONE PRINCIPLE
MULTICYCLONES
CLEAN WATEROUTLET
SLUDGE
WASH WATER FROMRESIDENCE TANK
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SLUDGE DEWATERING UNIT
23
To be disposed of ashore
Estimated amount:Open loop: 0,1 kg/MWh
With dewatering unit:Open Loop: 0,05 kg/MW
8.5.2017 Empresa Naviera Elcano / JSN
© Wärtsilä 8.5.2017 Empresa Naviera Elcano / JSN24
REDUCTION OVER WÄRTSILÄ WATER TREATMENT
Fraksjon>C10-
C12
Fraksjon>C12-
C16
Fraksjon>C16-
C35
Fraksjon>C35-
C40
Fraksjon>C10-
C40
Sum>C12-
C35
Naftalen
Acenaftylen
Acenaften
Fluoren
Fenantren
Antracen
Fluorante
n
Pyren
Benso(a)antracen^
Krysen^
Benso(b)fluoranten
^
Benso(k)fluoranten
^
Benso(a)pyren^
Dibenso(ah)antracen^
Benso(ghi)perylen
Indeno(123cd)pyre
n^
SumPAH-16
SumPAHcarcinogene^
Nitrat
(NO3)
Nitritt
(NO2)
Turbiditet pH
As(Arsen)
Cd(Kadmium)
Co(Kobolt)
Mo(Molybde
n)
Ni(Nikk
el)
V(Vanadium)
Zn(Sink
)
Harbour mode % red HC 0% -36%-84%-44%-79%-93% 4% -38%-39% -3% -5% -65%-19%-64%-82%-93%-49% -9% -17% 0% -46% 0% -11%-89% 0% 0% -8% -1% -17% 1% -13% 4% 4% -7% -75%Transit / manouvering mode % red HC 0% -10%-33%-34%-31%-31% 0% -3% 36% 0% -2% 19% -9% -29%-70%-64%-43% 0% 0% 0% -43% 0% -6% -65% 0% 0% 7% -8% 14% 0% -7% 2% 1% -6% -48%
-100%
-80%
-60%
-40%
-20%
0%
20%
40%
60%
Harbour mode % red HC Transit / manouvering mode % red HC
8.5.2017[Presentation name / Author]25
BE PREPARED
KNOW YOUR NEEDS
PARTNER UP WITH AN EXPERIENCED SUPPLIER
GOOD SUPPORT MINIMIZES RISK
EARLY MOVERS GAIN EXPERIENCE
LESSONS LEARNED WÄRTSILÄ SCRUBBER SOLUTIONS
SUMMARY
© Wärtsilä 08 May 2017 BUSINESS PLAN 2016-2020 - Environmental Solutions26 © Wärtsilä
Thank [email protected]
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