8/8/2019 To Test if There is a Difference in Mean Mile Per Gallon of Cars
1/13
Objective: to test if there is a difference in mean mile per gallon of cars between American,Europian and
Japanese, when controlled for their Engine Displacement.
Method: a random sample of 254 American, 72 Europian and 78 Japanese cars were selected and their
mile per galon were recorded.
Statistical Analysis: the Analysis of Covariance ANCOVA procedure in SPSS version 17 was used to
answer the objective.
Results:
Table 1 The descriptive statistics are provided in table 1
Descriptive Statistics
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
Country of
Origin Mean Std. Deviation N
American 20.13 6.377 248
European 27.89 6.724 70
Japanese 30.45 6.090 79
Total 23.55 7.792 397
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
Source
Type III Sum of
Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model 15797.115a 3 5265.705 251.014 .000
Intercept 94006.540 1 94006.540 4481.249 .000
engine 7812.157 1 7812.157 372.402 .000
origin 261.218 2 130.609 6.226 .002
Error 8244.257 393 20.978
Total 244239.760 397
Corrected Total 24041.372 396
a. R Squared = .657 (Adjusted R Squared = .654)
8/8/2019 To Test if There is a Difference in Mean Mile Per Gallon of Cars
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Tests of Between-Subjects Effects gave a p-value of 0.002, which is less than 0.05. Thus at least one pair
of means difference significantly.
Pairwise Comparisons
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
(I) Country of
Origin
(J) Country of
Origin
Mean Difference
(I-J) Std. Error Sig.a
95% Confidence Interval for
Differencea
Lower Bound Upper Bound
American European -.100 .736 1.000 -1.870 1.670
Japanese -2.298* .723 .005 -4.037 -.560
European American .100 .736 1.000 -1.670 1.870
Japanese -2.198*
.752 .011 -4.006 -.390
Japanese American 2.298*
.723 .005 .560 4.037
European 2.198* .752 .011 .390 4.006
In the pairwise comparison table there is significantly difference between means of mile per gallon of Japanese
cars and others when controlled for their Engine Displacement.
Based on Descriptive Statistics table the mean of mpg for Japanese cars was significantly higher
compared to the others.
The mean values are plot in figure 1
Figure 1 mean BP by position
Conclusion: Based on the analysis, there is a significant difference in mean mpg between the Japanese
and others. The mean mpg among the Japanese cars is higher compared to the others.
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attendant nurs Doctor
8/8/2019 To Test if There is a Difference in Mean Mile Per Gallon of Cars
3/13
Objective: to test if there is a difference in mean mile per gallon of cars between American,Europian and
Japanese, when controlled for their Horsepower.
Method: a random sample of 254 American, 72 Europian and 78 Japanese cars were selected and their
mile per galon were recorded.
Statistical Analysis: the Analysis of Covariance ANCOVA procedure in SPSS version 17 was used to
answer the objective.
Results:
Table 1 The descriptive statistics are provided in table 1
Descriptive Statistics
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
Country of
Origin Mean Std. Deviation N
American 20.08 6.415 244
European 27.60 6.580 68
Japanese 30.45 6.090 79
Total 23.48 7.781 391
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
Source
Type III Sum of
Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model 15562.733a
3 5187.578 249.482 .000
Intercept 63209.292 1 63209.292 3039.874 .000
horse 7745.424 1 7745.424 372.495 .000
origin 1338.647 2 669.324 32.189 .000
Error 8047.042 387 20.793
Total 239224.740 391
Corrected Total 23609.775 390
a. R Squared = .659 (Adjusted R Squared = .657)
8/8/2019 To Test if There is a Difference in Mean Mile Per Gallon of Cars
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Tests of Between-Subjects Effects gave a p-value of 0.000, which is less than 0.001. Thus at least one pair
of means difference significantly.
Pairwise Comparisons
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
(I) Country of
Origin
(J) Country of
Origin
Mean Difference
(I-J) Std. Error Sig.a
95% Confidence Interval for
Differencea
Lower Bound Upper Bound
American European -2.428* .679 .001 -4.060 -.796
Japanese -5.179*
.649 .000 -6.739 -3.620
European American 2.428*
.679 .001 .796 4.060
Japanese -2.751*
.754 .001 -4.565 -.937
Japanese American 5.179* .649 .000 3.620 6.739
European 2.751*
.754 .001 .937 4.565
In the pairwise comparison table there is significantly difference between means of mile per gallon of Japanese
cars,Americans and Europians when controlled for their Horsepower.
Based on Descriptive Statistics table the mean of mpg for Japanese cars was significantly higher
compared to the others
The mean values are plot in figure 1
120
125
130
135
140
145
attendant nurs Doctor
8/8/2019 To Test if There is a Difference in Mean Mile Per Gallon of Cars
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Figure 1 mean BP by position
Conclusion: Based on the analysis, there is a significant difference in mean mpg between the
Japanese,Americans and Europians. The mean mpg among the Japanese cars is higher compared to the
others.
Objective: to test if there is a difference in mean mile per gallon of cars between American,Europian and
Japanese, when controlled for their vehicle weight.
Method: a random sample of 254 American, 72 Europian and 78 Japanese cars were selected and their
mile per galon were recorded.
Statistical Analysis: the Analysis of Covariance ANCOVA procedure in SPSS version 17 was used to
answer the objective.
Results:
Table 1 The descriptive statistics are provided in table 1
Descriptive Statistics
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
Country of
Origin Mean Std. Deviation N
American 20.13 6.377 248
European 27.89 6.724 70
Japanese 30.45 6.090 79
Total 23.55 7.792 397
8/8/2019 To Test if There is a Difference in Mean Mile Per Gallon of Cars
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Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
Source
Type III Sum of
Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model 16804.227a
3 5601.409 304.174 .000
Intercept 46689.569 1 46689.569 2535.392 .000
weight 8819.269 1 8819.269 478.914 .000
origin 236.672 2 118.336 6.426 .002
Error 7237.145 393 18.415
Total 244239.760 397
Corrected Total 24041.372 396
a. R Squared = .699 (Adjusted R Squared = .697)
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects gave a p-value of 0.002, which is less than 0.05. Thus at least one pair
of means difference significantly.
Pairwise Comparisons
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
(I) Country of
Origin
(J) Country of
Origin
Mean Difference
(I-J) Std. Error Sig.a
95% Confidence Interval for
Differencea
Lower Bound Upper Bound
American European -1.220 .653 .188 -2.791 .351
Japanese -2.362*
.663 .001 -3.956 -.768
European American 1.220 .653 .188 -.351 2.791
Japanese -1.142 .707 .321 -2.843 .558
Japanese American 2.362
*
.663 .001 .768 3.956
European 1.142 .707 .321 -.558 2.843
Based on estimated marginal means
8/8/2019 To Test if There is a Difference in Mean Mile Per Gallon of Cars
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In the pairwise comparison table there is significantly difference between means of mile per gallon of Japanese
cars and Americans when controlled for their vehicle weight.
Based on Descriptive Statistics table the mean of mpg for Japanese cars was significantly higher
compared to the others.
The mean values are plot in figure 1
Figure 1 mean BP by position
Conclusion: Based on the analysis, there is a significant difference in mean mpg between the Japanese
and Americans. The mean mpg among the Japanese cars is higher compared to the others
120
125
130
135
140
145
attendant nurs Doctor
8/8/2019 To Test if There is a Difference in Mean Mile Per Gallon of Cars
8/13
Objective: to test if there is a difference in mean mile per gallon of cars between American,Europian and
Japanese, when controlled for their time to accelerate from 0 to 60 mph.
Method: a random sample of 254 American, 72 Europian and 78 Japanese cars were selected and their
mile per galon were recorded.
Statistical Analysis: the Analysis of Covariance ANCOVA procedure in SPSS version 17 was used to
answer the objective.
Results:
Table 1 The descriptive statistics are provided in table 1
Descriptive Statistics
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
Country of
Origin Mean Std. Deviation N
American 20.13 6.377 248
European 27.89 6.724 70
Japanese 30.45 6.090 79
Total 23.55 7.792 397
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
Source
Type III Sum of
Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model 10168.426a
3 3389.475 96.019 .000
Intercept 1531.343 1 1531.343 43.381 .000
accel 2183.469 1 2183.469 61.854 .000
origin 5769.586 2 2884.793 81.722 .000
Error 13872.946 393 35.300
Total 244239.760 397
Corrected Total 24041.372 396
8/8/2019 To Test if There is a Difference in Mean Mile Per Gallon of Cars
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Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
Source
Type III Sum of
Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model 10168.426a
3 3389.475 96.019 .000
Intercept 1531.343 1 1531.343 43.381 .000
accel 2183.469 1 2183.469 61.854 .000
origin 5769.586 2 2884.793 81.722 .000
Error 13872.946 393 35.300
Total 244239.760 397
Corrected Total 24041.372 396
a. R Squared = .423 (Adjusted R Squared = .419)
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects gave a p-value of 0.000, which is less than 0.001. Thus at least one pair
of means difference significantly.
8/8/2019 To Test if There is a Difference in Mean Mile Per Gallon of Cars
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Pairwise Comparisons
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
(I) Country of
Origin
(J) Country of
Origin
Mean Difference
(I-J) Std. Error Sig.a
95% Confidence Interval for
Differencea
Lower Bound Upper Bound
American European -6.203*
.828 .000 -8.195 -4.212
Japanese -9.305* .778 .000 -11.177 -7.434
European American 6.203* .828 .000 4.212 8.195
Japanese -3.102*
.978 .005 -5.453 -.751
Japanese American 9.305*
.778 .000 7.434 11.177
European 3.102* .978 .005 .751 5.453
.
In the pairwise comparison table there is significantly difference between means of mile per gallon of Japanese
cars and Americans and Europians when controlled for their time to accelerate from 0 to 60 mph .
Based on Descriptive Statistics table the mean of mpg for Japanese cars was significantly higher
compared to the others.
The mean values are plot in figure 1
Figure 1 mean BP by position
120
125
130
135
140
145
attendant nurs Doctor
8/8/2019 To Test if There is a Difference in Mean Mile Per Gallon of Cars
11/13
Conclusion: Based on the analysis, there is a significant difference in mean mpg between the Japanese
,Americans and Europians. The mean mpg among the Japanese cars is higher compared to the others.
Objective: to test if there is a difference in mean mile per gallon of cars between American,Europian and
Japanese, when controlled for their Filter.
Method: a random sample of 254 American, 72 Europian and 78 Japanese cars were selected and their
mile per galon were recorded.
Statistical Analysis: the Analysis of Covariance ANCOVA procedure in SPSS version 17 was used to
answer the objective.
Results:
Table 1 The descriptive statistics are provided in table 1
Descriptive Statistics
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
Country of
Origin Mean Std. Deviation N
American 20.13 6.377 248European 27.91 6.723 67
Japanese 30.98 5.766 75
Total 23.55 7.823 390
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
Source
Type III Sum of
Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model 12837.391a
3 4279.130 150.581 .000
Intercept 22237.423 1 22237.423 782.527 .000
8/8/2019 To Test if There is a Difference in Mean Mile Per Gallon of Cars
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filter_$ 4518.272 1 4518.272 158.996 .000
origin 2784.946 2 1392.473 49.001 .000
Error 10969.141 386 28.417
Total 240148.610 390
Corrected Total 23806.532 389
a. R Squared = .539 (Adjusted R Squared = .536)
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects gave a p-value of 0.000, which is less than 0.001. Thus at least one pair
of means difference significantly.
Pairwise Comparisons
Dependent Variable:Miles per Gallon
(I) Country of
Origin
(J) Country of
Origin
Mean Difference
(I-J) Std. Error Sig.a
95% Confidence Interval for
Differencea
Lower Bound Upper Bound
American European -4.219*
.787 .000 -6.110 -2.328
Japanese -7.283*
.757 .000 -9.104 -5.462
European American 4.219*
.787 .000 2.328 6.110
Japanese -3.064* .896 .002 -5.218 -.909
Japanese American 7.283*
.757 .000 5.462 9.104
European 3.064*
.896 .002 .909 5.218
In the pairwise comparison table there is significantly difference between means of mile per gallon ofJapanese,Americans and Europians cars when controlled for their filter .
Based on Descriptive Statistics table the mean of mpg for Japanese cars was significantly higher
compared to the others.
The mean values are plot in figure 1
8/8/2019 To Test if There is a Difference in Mean Mile Per Gallon of Cars
13/13
Figure 1 mean BP by position
Conclusion: Based on the analysis, there is a significant difference in mean mpg between the
Japanese,Americans and Europians cars. The mean mpg among the Japanese cars is higher compared to
the others
120
125
130
135
140
145
attendant nurs Doctor
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