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GOAT
RAISING
AGRICULTURAL
TRAINING
INSTITUTE – XII
TIPS ON
Industry StatusIndustry Status
� Goat Population
2000 – 3,125,556
2005 – 3,527,189
2.57% Annual Increase
� Multi-purpose animals
58.4% - Milk
35.6% - Meat
4.3% - Hide
1.7% - Fiber
� Low adoption
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BREEDS TO RAISE
ANGLO-NUBIAN
BOER
SAANEN
DADIANGAS
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TOGGENBURG
NATIVE
SELECTION CRITERIASELECTION CRITERIA
•• AdaptabilityAdaptability
•• TypeType
•• SizeSize
•• Health statusHealth status
* Do not buy breeders from market* Do not buy breeders from market
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HOUSINGHOUSING
MATERIALS
COGON/NIPA
USED G.I. SHEET
KAWAYAN
LOW QUALITY LUMBER
LOCATION
UNFLOODED AREAS
DIRECT SUNLIGHT
GOOD VENTILATION
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ELEVATION
2 to 3 M
1 M
SPACE REQUIREMENTS:
�Does/Bucks/Adults
� 0.75 - 1.5 sq.m./head
�Growing
� 0.5 - 0.75 sq.m./head
�Kids
� 0.20 - 0.50 sq.m./head
�Loafing Area
�100 to 150 sq.m./50 hds
Growers
Breeders
Buck
Weaners
Kidding pen
Kidding pen
Kidding pen
supplies
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FencingFencing
•• Hog wire (9Hog wire (9--eye)eye)
•• CycloneCyclone
•• Post (Post (ipilipil--ipilipil; ; kakawatekakawate,,
kawayankawayan))
•• Barbwire Barbwire –– not advisablenot advisable
FEEDINGFEEDING
•• Grasses & LegumesGrasses & Legumes
15% of Body weight15% of Body weight
Ex. 30 kg goat needs 4.5 kg Ex. 30 kg goat needs 4.5 kg of grasses/legumes/ dayof grasses/legumes/ day
0.15 x 30 kg = 4.5 kg0.15 x 30 kg = 4.5 kg
•• Concentrates Concentrates
0.1 to 0.7 kg0.1 to 0.7 kg
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Recommended Grasses/LegumesRecommended Grasses/Legumes
•• Grasses CP%Grasses CP%
��Napier grass Napier grass 1.571.57
��Star grass Star grass 6.036.03
��Guinea grass Guinea grass 1.391.39
��Para grass Para grass 6.056.05
•• LegumesLegumes CP%CP%
��Flemingia Flemingia 6.06.0
��Rensonii Rensonii --
�� Indigofera Indigofera --
��Centrosema Centrosema 7.07.0
��Calliandra Calliandra 9.429.42
�� IpilIpil--ipil 8.0ipil 8.0
��Kakawate 6.5Kakawate 6.5
paragrass napier
rensonii kakawate
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Concentrate Ingredients (CP%)Concentrate Ingredients (CP%)
•• Copra mealCopra meal 20.620.6
•• Corn (grain)Corn (grain) 8.18.1
•• Corn branCorn bran 10.510.5
•• Rice bran (cono)Rice bran (cono) 12.312.3
(kiskis)(kiskis) 6.26.2
•• Soybean oil meal (SBOM) Soybean oil meal (SBOM) 44.044.0
•• MolassesMolasses 2.02.0
•• Wheat pollardWheat pollard 17.117.1
CRUDE PROTEIN REQUIREMENTCRUDE PROTEIN REQUIREMENT
AGEAGE CP %CP %
22--16 weeks16 weeks 22 % (starter) 22 % (starter)
4 months 4 months –– kiddingkidding 1818--20 %20 %
Dry, Pregnant, BucksDry, Pregnant, Bucks 1616--18 % 18 %
LactatingLactating 1616--18 % 18 %
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SAMPLE
22% Crude Protein
Ground corn – 12 kg ; Rice bran – 24; Copra meal – 40; SBOM –8; Meat & Bone meal-10; Molasses-5; Salt-1
18-20% C.P.
Copra meal-50; Wheat pollard-32; Molasses-15; Bonemeal-2; Salt-1
16-18% C.P.
Copra meal-40; Corn-25; SBOM-15; Rice bran- 10; Molasses-8; Bone meal 1; Salt-1kg
Management of ReproductionManagement of Reproduction
�� Puberty Puberty –– 4 to 8 months4 to 8 months
�� Estrus cycle Estrus cycle –– 21 days21 days
�� Length of estrus Length of estrus –– 2 to 3 days2 to 3 days
�� When to breed? When to breed?
•• As early as 7 mos. old provided it reaches 25 kgAs early as 7 mos. old provided it reaches 25 kg
�� Heat signsHeat signs
bleatingbleating vaginal dischargevaginal discharge
flagging of the tailflagging of the tail ride other doesride other does
reddened vulvareddened vulva
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Breeding Soundness ExaminationBreeding Soundness Examination
�� DoesDoes�� intersexintersex-- enlarged clitoris; enlarged clitoris; hypotrophichypotrophic vulvavulva
�� Bucks Bucks �� testicle (size and consistency)testicle (size and consistency)
�� prepuce and penisprepuce and penis
�� erection and libido (anemia; pneumonia)erection and libido (anemia; pneumonia)
�� semen evaluationsemen evaluation
Ways to induce estrusWays to induce estrus
•• Sudden introduction of odoriferous buckSudden introduction of odoriferous buck
•• 20 hrs light for 2 months20 hrs light for 2 months
•• Hormone Hormone
�� 2.5 mg Prostaglandin F22.5 mg Prostaglandin F2--Alpha (PGF2a)Alpha (PGF2a)
�� Progesterone + FSH or PMSGProgesterone + FSH or PMSG
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What to do during breeding?What to do during breeding?
��introduce the doe to the buckintroduce the doe to the buck
��breed 2x during estrousbreed 2x during estrous
��provide assistance when provide assistance when necessarynecessary
How to determine pregnancy?How to determine pregnancy?
�� Return to heat Return to heat
�� Progesterone TestProgesterone Test
�� UltrasonographyUltrasonography
�� Radiography Radiography
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What to do after 150 days of gestation?What to do after 150 days of gestation?
�� Clean & disinfect the kidding areaClean & disinfect the kidding area
Kidding signs:Kidding signs:Stumping of feetStumping of feet
Restless, lying up Restless, lying up –– downdown
Waxing & engorgement of Waxing & engorgement of
the mammary glandthe mammary gland
Swelling and discharges Swelling and discharges
from the vulvafrom the vulva
��Wipe & dry the newbornWipe & dry the newborn
��Disinfect the navelDisinfect the navel
�� Suck colostrums within an hourSuck colostrums within an hour
RECORDING KEEPINGRECORDING KEEPING
Individual Record Individual Record
Goat No./NameGoat No./Name __________________________
Date of BirthDate of Birth _____________ _____________
SireSire _____________ _____________
DamDam __________________________
SexSex __________________________
Birth weightBirth weight __________________________
ColorColor __________________________
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BreederBreeder
Date Breeding
Sire Date Kidding
Kid No. Sex
Birth Weight
Milk Prod.
Lact. Days
Ave. Prod.
Remarks
Other Data:Other Data:
Forage ProductionForage Production
Forage and Concentrate IntakeForage and Concentrate Intake
Health and Treatment UndertakenHealth and Treatment Undertaken
Expenses and Income (ROI)Expenses and Income (ROI)
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Health ManagementHealth Management
�� Sanitation Sanitation regular cleaning & disinfectionregular cleaning & disinfection
provide pit or lagoon for fecesprovide pit or lagoon for feces
�� Practice quarantine proceduresPractice quarantine procedures
�� Health ProgramHealth Program
DewormingDeworming
strategic treatment strategic treatment –– every 6 monthsevery 6 months
tactical treatment tactical treatment –– before & during rainy seasonbefore & during rainy season
Vaccination Vaccination
Common DiseasesCommon Diseases
�� Internal Parasitism Internal Parasitism (tapeworm) (tapeworm)
�� PneumoniaPneumonia
OrfOrf
LeptospirosisLeptospirosis
MangeMange
AflatoxicosisAflatoxicosis
Hardware DiseaseHardware Disease
BloatBloat
Hypothermia (newborn)Hypothermia (newborn)
MastitisMastitis
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Plants as Dewormer
Pakwan seeds (adlibitum)Atis leaves (adlibitum)Makabuhay leaves (1 basket)Kamatsile leaves (adlibitum)Langka leaves (once a week)Kakawate leaves (adlibitum)Bunga/nganga
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