Download - Tim Hieu Ve Raspberry Pi

TM HIU V MY TNH THU NH

RASPBERRY PI Sinh vin tm hiu:

1/ Nguyn c Trung 10520353

2/ Trn Thanh Lim - 10520364

Mc Lc:

I. Raspberry Pi l g? ................................................................................................................................. 3

II. Cu hnh ca Raspberry Pi: ................................................................................................................... 5

III. Cu to phn cng ca Raspberry Pi. ............................................................................................... 9

IV. H iu hnh ca Raspberry Pi. ...................................................................................................... 10

1. Raspian "wheezy" ( khuyn dng ca Raspberry ) : ........................................................................ 10

2. Soft-float "wheezy": ........................................................................................................................ 11

3. Arch Linux:....................................................................................................................................... 11

4. Pidora: ............................................................................................................................................. 11

5. RISC OS: ........................................................................................................................................... 11

V. Linux cn bn trn Raspberry Pi: ........................................................................................................ 11

1. Thut ng c bn: ........................................................................................................................... 12

2. Lnh h thng: ................................................................................................................................ 12

3. Lnh tin trnh: ................................................................................................................................ 12

4. Lnh ng gi phn mm: .............................................................................................................. 13

5. Lnh v mng: ................................................................................................................................. 13

6. Lnh phn vng cng: .................................................................................................................. 13

7. Lnh x l tp tin: ........................................................................................................................... 14

VI. Hng dn ci t h iu hnh v mt s ng dng cho Raspberry Pi: ...................................... 14

1. 2

2 Tm hiu v Raspberry Pi

1. Nhng ph kin cn chun b ci t Raspberry Pi: .................................................................. 14

2. Ci Raspbian(y l OS chun): ....................................................................................................... 16

3. Ci RaspBMC ................................................................................................................................... 17

4. ng dng:........................................................................................................................................ 18

5. Hng dn ci t 1 s ng dng h thng cn thit: ................................................................... 19

1) Thit lp a ch IP tnh cho RasPi: .............................................................................................. 19

2) Backup Raspberry Pi: .................................................................................................................. 20

3) Ci t b g ting Vit IBus-unikey: .......................................................................................... 21

4) iu khin Raspberry Pi t xa bng my tnh: ............................................................................ 22

VII. Tng hp cc ngun tham kho v Raspberry Pi: ........................................................................... 29

VIII. Lu u Nhc im ca Raspberry Pi: .................................................................................. 29

1. Lu :............................................................................................................................................... 29

2. u im: ......................................................................................................................................... 30

3. Nhc im: ................................................................................................................................... 30

IX. Ti liu tham kho: .......................................................................................................................... 31

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I. Raspberry Pi l g?

Raspberry Pi l mt chic my tnh t hon gi ch 25$ chy h iu hnh Linux ra mt

vo thng 2 nm 2012. Ban u Raspberry Pi c pht trin da trn tng tin s

Eben Upton ti i hc Cambridge mun to ra mt chic my tnh gi r hc sinh

c th d dng tip cn v khm ph th gii tin hc. D nh khim tn ca ng n

cui i l c th bn c tng cng 1000 bo mch cho cc trng hc.

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Raspberry Pi (RPi) l mt my tnh siu nh, ch c kch thc nh 1 chic th ATM rt

tin.

Bn ch cn 1 bn phm, 1 tivi hoc 1 mn hnh c cng HDMI/DVI, 1 ngun USB

5V v 1 dy micro USB l c th s dng RPi nh 1 my tnh bnh thng. Vi

RPi, bn c th s dng cc ng dng vn phng, nghe nhc, xem phim nt cao

(ti 1024p)...

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II. Cu hnh ca Raspberry Pi:

Raspberry Pi sn xut bi 3 OEM: Sony, Qsida, Egoman. V c phn phi chnh

bi Element14, RS Components v Egoman.

Thit k phn cng

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Cu hnh Raspberry Pi model A v model B v1.

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Cu hnh Raspberry Pi model B v2.

B x l trung tm ca Raspberry Pi l chip SoC (System On Chip) ca

Broadcom. Ram v Chip ca Raspberry Pi s dng ch yu ca Samsung v

Hynix.

Chip SoC tch hp cc thnh phn cn thit bao gm: CPU, GPU, RAM trn duy

nht 1 chip to iu kin cho vic thit k cc h thng chy n nh nhng li

yu cu kch thc nh.

SoC ny khc vi CPU trong PC thng thng ch n c ch to da trn

kin trc tp lnh (Instruction Set Architect ISA) l ARM ch khng phi kin

trc x86 nh ca Intel. ARM c ISA dng rt gn RISC v tiu th in nng rt

thp nn ph hp vi thit b di ng. Ngc li x86 c ISA dng CISC v hot

ng vi cng sut cao nn d dng x l cc tc v phc tp trn PC.

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Ty theo model m Raspberry s dng chip khc nhau:

Raspberry Pi model B v1: Broadcom BCM2835 vi 256MB RAM

Raspberry Pi model B v2: Broadcom BCM2835 vi 512MB RAM

Raspberry Pi model A : Broadcom BCM2835 vi 256MB RAM

Bi v RAM c tch hp sn trong chip nn bn khng th nng cp RAM

cho Pi.

CPU BMC2835 s dng nhn ARM1176JZFS (ARM11) cho hiu nng cao v

gi thnh thp. CPU BCM2835 ca RPi chy mc xung nhp 700MHz (c th

p xung ln n 1GHz). CPU hot ng n nh lu di v t hiu nng cao,

chng ti khuyn bn nn s dng mc xung nhp 800MHz. tng xung nhp

bn chy cu lnh "sudo raspi-config", chn mc Overclock.

GPU tch hp trong BCM2835 c th play video nh dng H.264 vi tc

40Mbps tng tc phn cng, tng thch vi th vin OpenGL ES2.0 v

OpenVG. Broadcom VideoCore IV, OpenGL ES 2.0 h tr rt nhiu phn gii

t 640x350 n 1920 1200. Trong th nghim mnh kt ni vi tivi Sony 40

inch full HD, hnh ra mn v r nt, xem phim full HD kh mt m. Nh vy

RPB2 c th thay th kh tt u pht HD cho TV ri. H tr codec h.264 v

decode, encode t phn cng nn cc bn c th yn tm.

iu g khin cho Raspberry tr thnh 1 hin tng?

Rasberry hot ng c bn ch cn cm ngun, bn phm, mn hnh. Thc

s rt n gin.

Sc mnh ca Linux khng n t cu hnh m n t phn mm v cng ng

ca n.

+ h iu hnh chy c trn 1 (hoc nhiu) nn tng phn cng khc

nhau, lp trnh vin cn phi bin dch nhn h iu hnh (kernel) tng

thch cho phn cng v cc thit b ngoi vi khc.

Raspberry lm rt tt vic ny v kh nng tng thch vi nhiu

loi USB, mouse, keyboard, webcam, USB 3G, wifi usb... Bn hon ton

c th gp trng hp 1 webcam chy tt trn desktop Linux 32bit nhng

li khng hot ng c vi 1 board linux.

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+ Raspberry c s la chn ng n khi pht trin kernel tng thch

cho Debian (Ubuntu l 1 nhnh da trn Debian), Arch Linux v Fedora.

y l cc h iu hnh Linux cc k ph bin, d tm hiu, c sn cng

ng s dng v pht trin.

iu ny gip vic sa li nhanh hn, cng nh vic tm kim gii

php cho vic ci t gi ca ngi dng d dng hn. Ngi dng mi

dng Raspian, Pidora; ngi dng c kinh nghim hn c th dng Arch

Linux... H thc hin cc tng ca mnh vi 1 board mch gi r, ch

c $35. Hng lot sn phm DIY (do it yourself) dng Raspberry Pi ra i,

v nh Raspberry li cng ph bin hn.

III. Cu to phn cng ca Raspberry Pi.

Gm 10 phn chnh:

1. Tri tim ca Pi l chip SOC (System-On-Chip) Broadcom BCM2835: chy

tc 700mHz. Chip ny tng ng vi nhiu loi c s dng

trong smartphone ph thng hin nay, v c th chy c h iu hnh Linux.

Tch hp trn chip ny l nhn ha (GPU) Broadcom VideoCore IV. GPU ny

mnh c th chi 1 s game ph thng v pht video chun full HD.

2. 8 ng GPIO (General Purpose Input Output): ng nh tn gi ca n, t y

bn c th kt ni v iu khin rt nhiu thit b in t/c kh khc.

3. Ng HDMI: dng kt ni Pi vi mn hnh my tnh hay tivi c h tr cng

HDMI.

4. Ng RCA Video (analog): khi thit k Pi ngi ta cng tnh n trng hp

ngi s dng cc nc ang pht trin khng c iu kin sm mt chic tivi

i mi tch hp cng HDMI. V vy cng video analog ny c thm vo, gip

bn c th kt ni vi chic tivi i c m khng phi lo lng.

5. Ng audio 3.5mm: kt ni d dng vi loa ngoi hay headphone. i vi tivi

c cng HDMI, ng m thanh c tch hp theo ng tn hiu HDMI nn

khng cn s dng ng audio ny.

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6. Cng USB: mt im mnh na ca Pi l tch hp 2 cng USB 2.0. Bn c th

kt ni vi bn phm, chut hay webcam, b thu GPS ..v..v.. qua c th m

rng phm vi ng dng. V Pi chy Linux nn hu ht thit b ch cn cm-v-

chy (Plug-n-Play) m khng cn ci driver phc tp.

7. Cng Ethernet: cho php kt ni Internet d dng. Cm dy mng vo Pi, kt

ni vi mn hnh my tnh hay tivi v bn phm, chut l bn c th lt web d

dng.

8. Khe cm th SD: Pi khng tch hp cng. Thay vo n dng th SD lu

tr d liu. Ton b h iu hnh Linux s hot ng trn th SD ny v vy n

cn kch thc th nh ti thiu 4 GB v dung lng h tr ti a l 32 GB.

9. n LED: trn Pi c 5 n LED hin th tnh trng hot ng.

10. Jack ngun micro USB 5V, ti thiu 700mA: nh thit k ny m bn c th

tn dng hu ht cc sc in thoi di ng trn th trng cp ngun in cho

Pi.

IV. H iu hnh ca Raspberry Pi.

Raspberry l mt my tnh, my tnh ny hot ng bn cn ci t h iu hnh,

Raspberry Pi chy h iu hnh linux: 99% nhng th bn lm trn my

tnh Windows u c th thc hin c trn Linux v quan trng l: tt c u min

ph.

Raspberry Pi khng chy Windows c (k c windows 95), l do l v n dng

chip ARM (c th dng my o boot windows ln).

Trong th gii ngun m linux, c rt nhiu phin bn h iu hnh ty bin (distro)

khc nhau. Ty theo nhu cu v mc ch, cng nh kh nng hc hi m bn s s

dng distro ph hp vi mnh. C 5 phin bn h iu hnh c cung cp chnh thc

cho Raspberry Pi:

1. Raspian "wheezy" ( khuyn dng ca Raspberry ) :

y l distro da trn Debian wheezy, s dng hard-float ABI (tnh ton du

chm ng bng phn cng) cho thi gian chy cc ng dng nhanh hn. C sn

giao din ha. Ph hp vi ngi mi bt u tip cn Linux v tnh d s

dng v trc quan.

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2. Soft-float "wheezy":

Vn c xy dng da trn Debian wheezy nhng vic x l du chm ng

c thc hin bng phn mm. Vic ny gip bn c th s dng my o Java

(Oracle JVM) trn Raspberry.

3. Arch Linux:

Phin bn ginh cho ARM. m bo thi gian khi ng trong vng 10 giy. Ch

khi ng v load cc gi cn thit. s dng c Arch Linux bn cn c kin

thc c bn v Linux.

4. Pidora:

L phin bn ca Fedora c ti u cho RPi, c sn giao din ha. Ginh cho

nhng ai quen xi Fedora.

5. RISC OS:

L h iu hnh do nhm pht trin ARM thit k ring. y khng phi l mt

phin bn Linux, do vy bn cn lm quen vi cu trc v cu lnh c trng cho

h iu hnh ny.

Ngoi ra cn nhiu h iu hnh / distro khc bn c th ci t : Raspbmc,

Android...

Tuy nhin do hng ch v phn cng nn Raspberry Pi ch c th s dng Android

2.3 Gingerboard do nhng tri nghim Android mi nht v hon thin nht trn

thit b ny l iu khng th.

V. Linux cn bn trn Raspberry Pi:

Linux hot ng trn 2 mi trng chnh: mi trng Desktop (ging nh Windows)

v mi trng Terminal s dng command line (ging nh DOS). Trc y Linux

hu nh ch hot ng trn Terminal gy kh khn cho ngi quen s dng

Windows nhng gn y Linux ch pht trin giao din ha p mt khng

km g Windows 8 hay MAC. Trn Raspberry Pi c ci t sn giao din LXDE

(Light X11 Desktop Environment) l mt mi trng ha khng ngn nhiu ti

nguyn, khng p long lanh nhng va s dng.

Mt s thut ng v cc lnh c bn thng c s dng:

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1. Thut ng c bn:

Command line: l cu lnh thc hin mt chc nng no trong Linux.

Shell: l ni nhn command line, gi n kernel tnh ton v nhn kt qu tr

v t kernel.

Distribution: l bn phn phi ca Linux. Th d nh Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora,

ArchLinux

Package: cha nhiu files v folder ci chng trnh, tng t nh phn mm

ca Windows.

Super user: tng ng vi admin.

Root = super user.

Directory: tng ng vi folder Windows.

GNU: tn ca d n phn mm min ph, rt nhiu phn mm ca GNU c ci

t cho Linux.

Bootloader: phn mm chu trch nhim load kernel ca Linux khi khi ng.

2. Lnh h thng:

lsusb: lit k cc thit b kt ni cng usb.

uname -r: cho bit phin bn ca nhn Linux.

time command: cho bit thi gian thc thi xong lnh command.

command1 | comman2: chuyn kt qu ca lnh command1 lm u vo ca lnh

command2.

clear: xa mn hnh.

sudo -k: chm dt ch dng lnh c chc nng ca user root.

free: kim tra tnh trng b nh.

uptime: xem thi gian vn hnh ca h thng.

raspi-config: truy cp cu hnh cho Raspberry Pi.

sudo passwd root: i password root.

sudo reboot: Khi ng li RasPi hoc sudo shutdown -r now.

sudo shutdown -h now: Tt RasPi.

3. Lnh tin trnh:

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ps -ef: hin th tt c cc tin trnh c thc hin.

ps aux | less: lit k cc tin trnh ang chy.

top: xem tt c cc tin trnh ang chy thi gian thc.

ss: kim tra thng tin socket v thng tin mng TCP/UDP.

ss -s: hin th tng s socket.

ss -l: hin th mi cng m.

kill pid: bo chm dt tin trnh mang s pid.

4. Lnh ng gi phn mm:

/etc/apt/sourcs.list: tp tin xc nh ngun cc kho phn mm ti xung nhm

ci mi hoc cp nht h thng.

apt-get update: cp nht danh sch cc gi phn mm cn c vo cc kho phn

mm c trong tp tin sources.list.

apt-get upgrade: cp nht cc gi phn mm ci ri.

apt-get dist-upgrade: cp nht phin bn debian ang c n phin bn mi tip

theo.

apt-get install soft: ci phn mm soft ng thi gii quyt cc gi phn mm ph

thuc.

apt-get remote soft: loi b phn mm soft cng nh tt c cc gi phn mm ph

thuc.

apt-get remote purge soft: loi b phn mm soft k c tp tin cu hnh ca phn

mm soft.

apt-get autoclean: xa b cc bn sao chp ca nhng gi phn mm b loi b.

apt-cache dumpavail: hin th danh sch cc gi phn mm ang c (rt nhiu).

5. Lnh v mng:

/etc/network/interfaces: thng tin cu hnh ca cc card mng

uname -a: hin th tn ca my tnh trong mng (hostname).

ifdown eth0: shutdown eth0 (ging lnh ifconfig eth0 down).

ifup eth0: ngc li vi lnh trn (ifconfig eth0 up).

poweroff -i: ngng hot ng tt c cc ni mng.

route add default gw a ch ip: xc nh a ch IP ca default GateWay.

ifconfig: Xem thng tin mng hin ti.

6. Lnh phn vng cng:

/etc/fstab: cha cc thng tin v cc cng v h thng tp tin c gn t ng.

fdisk -l: hin th cc phn vng cng.

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mount -a: gn, tch ra cc /thit b.

mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1: to mt h thng tp tin ext3 trn phn vng /dev/hda1.

df -h: xem dung lng cn trng ca thit b lu tr.

7. Lnh x l tp tin:

Quyn truy cp tp tin:

chown TenNguoiDung file: xc nh ngi ch ca tp tin file l ngi dng

TenNguoiDung

chmod u+x file: giao (+) quyn thc thi (x) tp tin file cho ngi dng (u)

Nn v gii nt tp tin:

tar xvf archive.tar: gii phng cc tp tin c trong tp tin archive.tar, ng thi

hin th cc tn tp tin.

Th mc:

du -max-depth=1 -h /media: lit k tt c cc th mc cng vi dung lng trong

/media

VI. Hng dn ci t h iu hnh v mt s ng dng cho Raspberry Pi:

1. Nhng ph kin cn chun b ci t Raspberry Pi:

1. Th nh SD Dung lng ngh l >=4GB, Class 4.

2. Dy HDMI Dy cp HDMI, HDMI to DVI hoc HDMI to VGA ni ra mn

hnh.

3. Dy video RCA Dy cp video ni ra TV hoc mn hnh tng t nu

khng c cp HDMI.

4. Bn phm, chut Bn phm v chut c th tiu th kh nhiu in, v vy i

khi cn cm thm USB hub c s dng ngun in ngoi.

5. Dy mng Nu bn mun Raspberry Pi c th kt ni mng.

6. Ngun in Raspberry Pi s dng ngun 5V 700mA, c th cp t cng USB

ca my tnh.

Nhiu loi sc in thoi cng c th cp ngun 5V (kim tra nhn dn trn cc

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sc bit dng in ra).

Pi s khng hot ng khi khng ngun, nu cp dng trn 700mA cng khng

vn g.

7. Dy audio, loa Tn hiu m thanh c th truyn trn ng HDMI, nhng nu

bn dng cp chuyn hoc cp RCA th phi dng ng audio ny.

Cp HDMI

Cp RCA

Component thng

dng trong TV

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2. Ci Raspbian(y l OS chun):

- Down bn ci t v. Gii nn.

Downloads | Raspberry Pi

- Down Sd formater.

https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/for.../eula_windows/

Dng Sdformater format th nh SD hay micro sd(gn Adapter gn vo Rasp).

Down win32diskimager (y l phn mm copy mi OS ca Rasp ln th

nh).

Download Win32 Disk Imager from SourceForge.net

- Chy win32diskimager. Chn Ni lu file OS.chn Write. Ch n bo hon

thnh l xong bc ci OS ln th.

- Gn th nh vo Rasp. gn chut v bn phm vo cng USB.cp ngun. Ch 1

xu Rasp s khi ng vp mn hnh config. bc ny quan trng nht

l Enable boot to Desktop di chuyn bng bn phm ti v tr 3-Enter-Chn

Enable. Nhng ci cn li th cc bn tu chnh thoi mi. xong ht chn Finish.

s reboot li v vo mn hnh Desktop. Coi nh chng ta ci xong OS

Raspbian cho Rasp pi.

y l bn build Linux da trn nn Debian (Gn ging ubuntu) vi giao din

LXDE (thay v GNOME). C y web browser, media player, tools, etc....

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Ni chung HH ny dnh cho nhng ngi mun dng Raspberry Pi nh mt ci

PC.

C th s dng VNC server remote desktop.

3. Ci RaspBMC

C th gi y l bn Raspbian lc b i LXDE v thay vo l XBMC. Phi

ni l dng ci ny rt tt cc thm . Nu phn gii 720P (D ch l UI, pht

phim vn 1080P), OC (CPU 1GHz, Ram 500, DSP 250, GPU 450, OverVolt 5),

fps lc no cng trn 60fps (nu tt VSync ln ti 80fps). Phim h tr loi

format, codec . Tuy nhin v codec VC-1 v MPEG2 l codec thu ph nn phi tr

tin mua code unlock (Ci code ny qun l theo serial nn ko crack c ) vi

li my ci phim HD khng bao gi dng codec ny nn cng khng cn lo lng

my. Th ngh ai li mua con ny v cm vo TV CRT xem phim . m thanh

h tr y t DTS-HD Master, DTS, Dolby, MP3, ACC,...

Tuy nhin mun nghe m thanh 5.1 cn phi qua receiver.

Phim h tr y ngun t NFS, samba, USB, HDD (3TB), UPNP,...

- Down bn ci t v. v dng win32diskimager ci ln th SD

Raspbmc

C 2 la chn:

Network Image: file ti v nh khong 16MB. Khi gn SD vo Rasp,i hi phi

c mng ti v cc bn ci t.

Standalone Image: bn chun.khong 236MB. ci vo th SD.v chy.ko cn ch

ci t internet.

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4. ng dng:

C nhiu ng dng t n gin n phc tp c th k n nh:

+ Dng RPi lm trung tm gii tr a phng tin.

+ Internet TV.

+ a sao lu d phng trn mng ni b.

+ Kt hp vi webcam lm h thng pht hin chuyn ng.

+ Nhn din khun mt.

+ iu khin robot.

+ Nhn v gi tin nhn GSM vi usb 3G.

+ iu khin tt/m n trong nh.

+ v cn rt nhiu ng dng khc...

VD: Mt sn phm ca hc sinh ph thng l "kBOT - Wifi Robot - Robot lp

trnh iu khin " t gii thng cao trong cc k thi Tin hc tr a phng, v

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ton quc. Tc gi ca kBOT l Ng Hunh Ngc Khnh chia s vi machtudong.vn

v nn tng chnh ca kBOT: "Em s dng nn tng chnh l Raspberry Pi B v2 v vi

iu khinATmega 328. Raspberry Pi s ra lnh iu khin Atemega 328 (c gn vo

mch Arduino Uno) thng qua giao thc Serial. T , vi iu khin Atmega 328 s iu

khin cc thit b ngoi vi khc bng cch s dng th vin Serial Command sn c ca

Arduino. Ngoi ra, em cn s dng Raspberry Pi iu khin servo, cm bin siu

m to thnh radar,...". Ngoi ra, nh sng to tr tui ny cn xy dng nhiu chc

nng khc rt mnh m v ton b nn tng chnh l Raspberry PI v2 v vi iu

khin ATmega 328.

5. Hng dn ci t 1 s ng dng h thng cn thit:

1) Thit lp a ch IP tnh cho RasPi:

Config card mng ti file config /etc/network/interfaces

M:

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

Mc nh RasPi config nhn IP t DHCP.

Sa li thng s:

M:

iface eth0 inet dhcp

thnh

M:

iface eth0 inet static

thm vo cc config:

M:

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address 192.168.1.2

netmask 255.255.255.0

broadcast 192.168.1.255

gateway 192.168.1.1

lu li bm t hp phm Ctrl + O ==> Enter ==> Ctrl + X

Sau khi ng li Raspberry Pi.

C mo nh cho cc bn in s trn ng l kim 1 my cng

mng LAN vi my raspi c ci sn IP hoc IP ng, vi windown cc

bn vo cmd g ipconfig /all ri tm n card mng ang s dng ly cc

thng s trn ri in vo.

i s cui cng ca a ch IP V4 thnh 1 s bt k.

V d: 192.168.1.2 ==> 192.168.1.3

Lu : C th gp trng hp trng a ch IP nu nh c my trong mng

s dng.

2) Backup Raspberry Pi:

S dng cng c Win32 Disk Imager | Free Development software downloads

at SourceForge.net

b1: Cm th nh dng chy Raspberry Pi

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b2: Bt phn mm Win32DiskImager bng quyn Admin.

b3: Chn ng dn lu tr file.

b4. Bm read v ch i.

3) Ci t b g ting Vit IBus-unikey:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install ibus-unikey

Bn c th thy ta ch cn ci ibus-unikey v h thng s t ng kim tra v

ci t nhng phn mm cn thit khc ibus-unikey hot ng (trong

trng hp ny l ibus). Sau khi ci t xong bn s thy biu tng IBus

gc di bn phi mn hnh.

Chn Preference:

IBus-unikey trn Raspberry Pi

tab General nh ch tick vo Embed pre-edit text in application

window. Nu khng th khi g ting Vit s hin ra thm 1 ca s nh rt kh

chu.

tab Input Method: click Select an input method chn Vietnamese-

Unikey ri Add vo.

tab Advanced nh tick vo c 2 options.

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Mt s lu :

chuyn i qua li gia g ting Vit v ting Anh: nhn Ctrl-Space.

B g s mc nh s dng kiu g Telex v bng m Unicode.

Bn c th thay i trong menu ca IBus-Unikey.

4) iu khin Raspberry Pi t xa bng my tnh:

Trong nhiu ng dng c khng gian hn ch chng hn nh dng Raspberry

Pi iu khin ca t ng th ngi ta thng khng mun kt ni rm r

mn hnh, bn phm, chut ln Pi m vn c th khin c n. Khi ta c

th s dng 2 cng ngh ph bin iu khin Raspberry Pi t xa bng mt

my tnh khc l SSH v VNC. Mi cng ngh c c im ring ph hp vi

tng ng dng m mnh s trnh by sau y.

1. 23


Yu cu

chung:

phi bit

a ch IP

ca thit

b c

iu

khin.

Trong

trng

hp ny ta cn bit a ch IP ca Pi bng cch g t LXTerminal ta g

command line sau:

sudo ifconfig

ifconfig screenshot

phn eth0, inet addr chnh l a ch IP. Trong hnh minh ha trn, a ch

IP chnh l 192.168.1.9. Mnh s s dng a ch ny lm v d trong bi vit

nhng nh l a ch IP ca bn c th khc. Lu : y l a ch IP ng nn

c th thay i sau mi ln restart Pi.

1. iu khin Raspberry Pi bng SSH:

SSH l vit tt ca Secure Shell, l mt phng thc trao i d liu an ton

v n gin. s dng SSH ta phi ci t trn c Pi ln my tnh.

1.1 Ci t SSH server trn Raspberry Pi:

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iu duy nht bn cn lm l activate SSH server menu Rasp-config

bng cch g LXTerminal:

sudo raspi-config

Lc ny mn hnh Raspi-config s hin ra cho php ty chnh nhiu thng

s h thng ca Pi. Chn mc Advance Options SSH Enable ri OK.

Giao din raspi-config

1.2 Ci t SSH client trn my tnh Windows: Download phn mm PuTTY ti y v chy khng cn ci t.

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Trn giao din ca PuTTY bn ch cn nhp a ch IP ca Pi vo ri click

Open. Pi s yu cu xc nhn username v password ca Pi (mc nh l

pi v raspberry). Nu thnh cng th my tnh s xc nhn v hin th mn

hnh command line ca Pi. Lc ny bn c th iu khin Pi bng

command line thoi mi.

G

i

a

o din PuTTY trn my tnh

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Mn hnh iu khin Raspberry Pi bng SSH

Nh bn thy, iu khin Pi bng SSH kh n gin. SSH s dng rt t

ti nguyn my ca Pi do khng phi chy phn ha v vy thch hp

cho cc ng dng cn nhiu ti nguyn tnh ton.Tuy nhin nhc im

ca SSH l ch cho php bn truy cp vo mi trng command line.

Trong trng hp cn iu khin desktop ca Pi th VNC (Virtual

Network Computing) l mt gii php tt.

2. iu khin Raspberry Pi bng VNC:

VNC l cng ngh cho php my tnh truy cp vo mi trng desktop ln

bn phm v chut ca mt my tnh khc. s dng VNC th ta cn ci

t VNC server ln my tnh c iu khin, v VNC client ln my tnh

iu khin. Trong trng hp ny ta mun iu khin Pi t xa th ta ci

VNC server ln Pi.

2.1 Ci t VNC server trn Raspberry Pi:

C nhiu phn mm c chc nng lm VNC server trong tt nht l s

dng TightVNCserver. Cch thc ci t v m TightVNCserver trn

LXTerminal nh sau:

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sudo apt-get install tightvncserver

tightvncserver

Khi chy VNC ln u th n s yu cu bn to mt password truy cp.

y cng l password m bn s c hi khi mun truy cp vo Pi nhm

trnh tnh trng truy cp tri php. Ngoi ra TightVNC cn cho php bn

t password dng view-only tc l ch cho php bn thy mn hnh

nhng khng iu khin c bn phm hay chut, rt hu dng trong

trng hp mun chia s mn hnh khi thuyt trnh chng hn.

Sau khi t password th TightVNC s to mt mn hnh o ca Pi my

tnh khc truy cp vo. Mun truy cp mn hnh ny bn cn c password

xc nhn trn, a ch IP ca Pi v cng truy cp (port). Port mc nh

ca VNC l 5900. Nh vy mun truy cp vo mn hnh s 1 th bn dng

a ch: 192.168.1.9::5901. Tng t nu c mt my tnh khc mun truy

cp mn hnh s 2 th s dng a ch 192.168.1.9::5902. Lu l mn

hnh s 1 hay s 2 ch l mn hnh o v c lp vi nhau, ai cng iu

khin c nhng khng ai thy ngi khc ang lm g.

2.2 Ci t VNC client trn Windows:

Link download TightVNC ti y. Sau khi ci t ta m VNC client ln

bng cch click Start TightVNC TightVNC Viewer, ri nhp a ch

truy cp, click Connect v in password truy cp.

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Giao din TightVNC Viewer trn my tnh

M

Mn hnh iu khin Pi t my tnh Ngoi ra phn mm TightVNC ny cn tch hp c VNC server ln client

nn c th s dng trong trng hp ngc li: dng Pi iu khin my

tnh.

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VII. Tng hp cc ngun tham kho v Raspberry Pi:

- 40+ Cool Ideas for your Raspberry PI Project :

http://pingbin.com/2012/12/30-cool-ideas-raspberry-pi-project/#

Trang ch:

http://www.raspberrypi.org

Forum:

http://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/

Wiki lit k cc thit b phn cng tng thch, ti liu:

http://elinux.org/RPi_Hub

Ni c th mua Raspberry Pi:

http://www.hshop.vn/raspberry-pi-model-b-rev2-made-in-uk

http://machtudong.vn/sanpham/raspberry-pi-b-v2.html

VIII. Lu u Nhc im ca Raspberry Pi:

1. Lu :

Sau khi mua xong Raspberry Pi, vic u tin cn ch l b ngun. y

cc bn cn phn bit NGUN v SC, v b ngun s cung cp in n nh

24/7 v t nng so vi b sc hn. Chng ch nh sc tu, sc l, v dng phi

trn 1A. in p phi trong bin 3% mc 5v (nn dng VOM cm chn

en vo TP1 v chn vo TP2 l o c).

Nu dng lm Media Center m TV c h tr CEC ( Sony gi l Bravia

Link, Toshiba Rezga Link,..bla..bla..) phi ch dy HDMI phi c chn

CEC (1 s dy HDMI khng c ).

Cp mng nn la loi mm t. ng ham h chn loi c chng nhiu ri dy

n cng kh b c.

Chn th SD Class 10 . Hoc dng th noname mi boot v USB cho

OS vo thi. Vi li th Class10 cng r, bn tn pht bn 149K th Toshiba

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30MB/s BH 5 nm. Tit kim c cng USB.

Nn mua thm t nht 2 ci heatsink dn vo con SoC v LAN Controller cho

thm no mun OC. Thm ci fan th cng tt. ng nhit qu 80*C

Vn ngun USB c gii quyt trn model B . phin bn trc mi

cng USB ch cho php cng sut chy ti a 100mA . Cn by gi cm bao

nhiu cng c, min l di 2A.

2. u im:

Gi r 35$, lm my tnh gi r chy Linux, hoc tch hp vo cc h thng x

l, t ng khc.

Kch thc nh gn, c th s dng nh HDPC cho TV.

Siu tit kim in.

GPU mnh, h tr nhiu phn gii n 1080p/30f.

Phc v cho nhiu mc ch.

Kh nng hot ng lin tc 24/7.

Bn c th ci t phn mm t Pi store, hoc cc phn mm Linux khc mt

cch n gin, nh ti Chrome duyt web, VLC cho linux xem video,...

Kh nng m rng tt.

3. Nhc im:

CPU cu hnh thp .

Lan 100.

Khng c tch hp WiFi (c th mua USB WiFi v gn v).

Yu cu phi c kin thc c bn v Linux, in t.

Tuy nhin khi khi ng mt ng dng, phi mt 2-5s khi ng ng

dng.

Khi rt v cm cc thit b usb khc, h iu hnh t ng khi ng li

nhn thit b --> mt vn kh nghim trng ( vi raspbian, cc h iu hnh

khc cha nh gi ).

Khng c hp ng (phi mua thm vi gi khong 5-7$).

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IX. Ti liu tham kho:

1. http://vozforums.com/showthread.php?t=3437291

2. http://codientu.org/threads/cung-hoc-raspberry-pi.7691/page-3#post-44796

3. http://www.hdvietnam.com/diendan/4-software-ky-thuat-phan-mem/652975-

raspberry-pi-toan-tap-tu-z.html

4. http://www.raspberrypivietnam.com/cai-dat-he-dieu-hanh-cho-raspberry-pi-

2013-08-18/

5. http://www.raspberrypivietnam.com/hoc-raspberry-pi-tu-a-z/