The Middle East and North Africa Region
The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
AND
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK
FOR
THE JORDAN MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
DEVELOPMENT FOR INCLUSIVE GROWTH PROJECT
October 14, 2012
1
Contents
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
3
TRANSLATION OF EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (ARABIC) 4
I. INTRODUCTION
5
II. PROPOSED OPERATIONS DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE
6
III. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROGRAM
7
IV. POLICIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS
OF THE WORLD BANK
10
V. DESCRIPTION OF JORDANIAN NATIONAL LAWS RELATED
TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT
12
VI. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT
FRAMEWORK
17
ANNEX 1: CONSULTATIONS 25
ANNEX 2: THE POTENTIAL ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL
IMPACTS, PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES, AND
MONITORING PROGRAM, INCLUDING KEY PERFORMANCE
INDICATORS (KPIS)
30
2
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
ASEZ Aqaba Special Economic Zone
BP Bank Procedures
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework
FI Financial Intermediaries
IFC International Finance Corporation
JISM Jordan Institute of Standards and Metrology
IDB Islamic Development Bank
KfW Kreditanstalt fur Wiederaufbau
MOE Ministry of Environment
MSMEs Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
PEA Project Executing Agency
NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations
OP Operational Policies
TA Technical assistance
WB World Bank
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This document presents an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA), which is the set of
environmental and social procedures and policies to be applied to activities funded under this line of
credit. It will be implemented through an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMF) to ensure
the environmental and social sustainability of activities, knowing that the location and content of these
activities are not known in advance, financed through Financial Intermediaries (FI) having access to funds
provided through the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) Development Project. The
ESIA/EMSF described in this document will be used by the FI to manage the environmental and social
issues and to ensure that the financed activities do not harm the environment and that they are conducted
in accordance with the policies and procedures of donor agencies.
The effective setting of an ESIA/ESMF ensures that the concerns expressed in the safeguard policies of
the World Bank, and the Jordanian government is adequately taken into consideration.
The Environmental and Social Procedures described in this ESIA/ESMF are designed to: (i) determine
the negative environmental and social impacts of activities to be financed; (ii) avoid, reduce or mitigate
these negative impacts and; (iii) undertake monitoring and evaluation.
A detailed environmental monitoring plan has been developed which is also in line with the Jordan
Ministry of Environment‘s EA regulations to verify that predictions of environmental impacts are
accurate and that unforeseen impacts are detected at an early stage and allow corrective measures to be
implemented, if needed.
CBJ will be required to document the monitoring results and measure the benefits as part of the M&E
process. The Project will be implemented by the existing Project Implementing Unit (PIU) at CBJ.
Therefore CBJ will be responsible for implementation of contracts/works, and the PIU will request from
lending banks to report to them their compliance to this ESIA trhoiough their quarterly reporting
mechanism to CBJ so as to assure the WB on implementation (including compliance with ESMF). CBJ
will be accountable for providing the WB with the monitoring and reporting of these banks and for that
CBJ should ensure that it has under its jurisdiction the staff to propagate training to the lending banks and
to aggregate needed reports from the respective authorities or noting that the WB will make available the
technical support of their environmental and social safeguards specilast to support the designated person
in the PIU for the aggregation of the compliance reporting . Lending banks will be responsible for
supervision and thereby ensuring that all project works are in compliance with the ESMP.
Any activity funded under this Project, whether it is new, or refunding of an existing MSME, is subject to
the procedures described in this ESIA.
4
حفز يخض
عببسة ع جعت اإلجشاءاث اىبئت ححق األثش اىبئ االجخبع، اهدساصت حثو ز اىثقت . اىبن االئخب خغط خ حغبقب عي األشغت اىىت ف اعبس زا اىع اىخ بصبثاىشاالجخبعت
حفز قع ا اىبحت اىبئت االجخبعت، ع اىعي أ اىى صخذات األشغت اصخ حفز ز االجشاءاث ىضب
حو اىبىت اهئصضبث اىبك خ حو ز األشغت خاله .حخ ز األشغت غش عشف ضبقب
(FIs )اث اىنشانبت اىحظه عي اىاسد اىبىت اىقذت خاله ششع حغش اىئصش اىذ حاه . اىظغشة اىخصغت
ئصضبث اىبك جخبع اىخ ح حفظيب ف زا اىخقشش صخ اصخخذاب قبوا دساصت حق األثش اىبئ اال اىحبن االجخبع حو اىبىت إلداسة اىقضبب اىبئت االجخبعت ضب أ ال حضش األشغت اىىت ببىبئتاه
عذاد دساصت حق األثش اىبئ حخ ن ا .مزىل أ خ حغبقب فقب ىضبصبث عبش اىجبث اىبحتاىخ ح رمشب ف اىضبصبث اىقبئت ىيبل اىذى اىحنت األسدت ضابظاالجخبع فعبال جب أ حئخز اه
.بع االعخببس
ححذذ اثبس اىضيبت ( 1) أجوا االجشاءاث اىبئت االجخبعت اىخ ح طفب ف ز اىذساصت قذ ح حظب
سطذ اهاجشاء (3) ز اثبس اىضيبت حقيو أ حخفف (2)ىألشغت اىخ صخ حيب اىحخي اىبئت االجخبعت فظيت ىيشطذ اىبئ ىيخحقق أ حقعبث اثبس اىبئت اىحخو حذثب، ىخ قذ ح ضع خغت دققت . اىخق
. غش اىخقعت ف شحيت بنشة مزىل اىضبح ىخفز اىخذابش اىخظححت، ارا ىز األشاىنشف ع اثبس
ق اىبل اىشمز األسد بخثق خبئج اىشطذ قبس اىبفع مجزء عيتألك حبجت هصف حن بزا ف
ف اىبل اىشمز صخ حآصضب عىيشش اداسةحفز اىششع اىقخشح قبو حذة ار صخ .سطذ اىخقاهحذة بخقذ ز اىاألشغبه، صخق /ىزىل صف ن اىبل اىشمز األسد ضئال ع حفز اىعقد. األسد
بب ف رىل االخثبه إلعبس اىعو اىخبص بذساصت حق األثبس )حقبسش اى اىبل اىذى ع أشغت حفز اىششع صف ن اىبل اىشمز األسد عشضت ىيضآىت ع عيت اىشطذ اسصبه اىخقبسش، (. بعتاىبئت االجج
اىظف ئالء ىزا بغ ىيبل أ ض جد اىظف اىخخظ اىخبضع ىالخ اىقضبئت بحث ق. اىخقبسش اىغيبت ضععت اىقشضت حجع اىخقبسش اىغيبت اىضيغبث اه اىئصضبثبخذسب اىبك
ضئىت ع اإلششاف ببىخبى ضب أ جع أشغت اىششع خبشت ع اعبس اىعو صخن اىبك اىقشضت
أ شبط ه خاله زا اىششع، صاء مب جذذا عيب بؤ .اىخبص بذساصت حق األثبس اىبئت االجخبعتىيعبش اىزمسة ف ز عبم خبعصاىظغشة اىخصغت اىقبئت، إصضبث اىنش ىهأاعبدة حو
.اىذساصت
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I. INTRODUCTION
The World Bank (WB) is financing a Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) Development for
Inclusive Growth Project in Jordan in Jordan.
The activities to be financed by MSMEs are not known in advance, and in order to ensure their
environmental and social sustainability, the project will implement an Environmental and Social Impact
Assessment (ESIA) and Environmental and Social Management Plan (EMSP) that will be described in
this document. The ESIA is a comprehensive process to assess and mitigate the environmental and social
negative impacts that might be caused by the activities to be financed. The ESIA also provides measures
for monitoring and evaluation and capacity building.
The effective implementation of the ESIA/ESMF ensures that the national environmental policies and
those of the donor agencies are adequately taken into account, and that the activities of MSMEs are in
compliance with these policies.
For greater efficiency, the implementation of the ESIA/ESMF is integrated with the process of loan
approval. The Financial Intermediaries (FI) granting the loan, or the Project Executing Agency (PEA),
uses the ESIA/ESMF to ensure that the activity of MSME has no significant negative or long-term social
or environmental impact. By following the methodology of the ESIA/ESMF, the FI, or PEA, ensures that
the MSME avoids, reduces or mitigates the negative impacts to an acceptable level. As part of the
ESIA/ESMF a "negative list" excludes certain activities such as: those universally excluded by donors
(weapons, illegal activities, Casinos, etc...), in addition to those affecting natural habitats, forests,
endangered species, forced relocation of populations, dams, watercourses, and activities in the disputed
areas.
The ESIA/ESMF provides that, at the national level, an annual evaluation is made to assess the
cumulative impacts that were considered negligible at the level of individual projects, and to modify
mitigation measures if need accordingly. The WB environmental and social safeguards specialist will
support the CBJ in ensuring that ESIA/ESMF are adhered to through the monitoring of the lending banks
and the reporting process. The WB environmental and social safeguards specialist will also provide re-
enforcement training to stakeholders which will be in support of CBJ environmental and social safeguards
representative to ensure that (FI, PEA, independent auditors) are adhereing to both the WB and MOE
requirements and to allow examining environmental conditions preceding the activities.
The ESIA/ESMF is based on a two-step approach:
1. Make an environmental ("screening") to determine the environmental category of the activity to be
financed;
2. Implement the appropriate procedure relative to the determined category. This is could be described
in three categories and three modes of operation:
a. Important impact (Category "A" according to the WB and the ADB) or excluded activity
under the negative list: project is excluded;
b. Average impact (Category "B" according to the WB and the ADB) ESMP is completed and
the tender documents signed in accordance with the Jordanian regulations;
c. Negligible or absent impact (Category "C" according to the WB): no impact assessment is
required.
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This methodology is almost universal and is commonly reproduced in similar forms in the countries
concerned. In Jordan, for example, the national regulations define a list of projects that must do a
comprehensive ESIA/ESMF. In addition, through the screening processes, unlisted projects could be
asked by the Jordan Ministry of Environment to conduct an ESIA if they prove to have significant
negative environmental impacts noting that, the national Jordanian regulations divide the projects into
three categories that correspond roughly to the three categories of the World Bank.
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II. PROPOSED OPERATION’S DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE The proposed operation‘s main development objective is to contribute to an improvement in access to
finance for MSMEs in Jordan.
The project will be designed such that it strengthens the link between the financing and performance in
achieving sustainable, more inclusive access to finance and it supports new approaches to extend MSME
finance on a larger scale. In particular, the design will incentivize lending to MSMEs that are
underserved, women headed MSMEs, and MSMEs that are clustered around the Business Development
Units being established in less served Governorates by the Government, thereby fostering a close link
with a complementary demand side intervention initiative being undertaken by the Government. Lastly, it
will seek to focus funding microfinance institutions, especially those that have an outreach in less served
areas. Through such support, the project will increase access to finance, including to particularly under-
served segments, support banks‘ liquidity such that the constraints to MSME lending for them are
reduced and promote good and responsible practices in lending, including through the use of a systematic
safeguards framework.
There are also several higher level objectives that the successful implementation of the project will
directly and indirectly achieve. Through contributing to an improvement in access to finance for MSMEs
in Jordan, this operation will ultimately expand employment opportunities through the development of the
private sector. In doing so, the operation will also create a demonstration of how improved financial
intermediation to MSMEs can lead to sustainable private sector jobs, development of entrepreneurship
capacities and, contribution to overall economic growth and thereby reduction of poverty as well . In
addition, the CBJ views this project as a possible, good practice, demonstration project that can possibly
leverage additional funding resources towards MSME lending from other sources, including other donors,
that would enable replication and scaling up.
The project will also indirectly: (i) enhance the banking system‘s capacity to evaluate the effectiveness of
its MSME support; (ii) improve the incentives for banks to expand into MSME lending; (iii) incentivize
and support the design of new financial products, and Islamic products in compliance with Shari‘ah; and
(ix) ensure better opportunities for the remote, rural and underprivileged areas to meet citizens‘ needs and
to establish income-generating projects with the objective of achieving sustainable and balanced
development.
Project Description
The proposed operation will be a FIL (as per the World Bank Operations Policy Directive OP 8.30) with
one component (a line of credit) in the amount of US$ 70 million. The Bank loan will be channeled
through the CBJ—the project implementing entity—which will then on-lend to banks that either have an
active MSME portfolio or the willingness and capacity to develop one. The banks will then on-lend the
funding directly to micro and small enterprises or microfinance institutions and financial leasing
companies that will on-lend to MSMEs. The line of credit will encourage the growth and expansion of
new and existing enterprises and act as an incentive for enterprises that previously refrained from
accessing the formal finance market to tap on it. The line of credit will not, however, support loan
restructuring cases. The main clients will be the unbanked and existing clients that need longer maturity
or additional financing.
Implementation of the Project - Jordan
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The proposed arrangements for the loan in Jordan are at the Central Bank of Jordan, which will be the
Executing Agency Project (PEA) for the component of the line of credit. There are two units of the
Central Bank will be involved in the implementation of the project: Unit external resources (which lead
function PEA) and the Unit of banking supervision. Unit external resources host the Special Account for
the first phase of the project. Announce it with a circular eligibility criteria to all FIs concerned; receive
letters of interest FI, and would monitor the eligibility criteria in collaboration with the Unit of banking
supervision Central Bank. A positive assessment of eligibility will be a prerequisite for the disbursement
of funds to any FI wishing to benefit from the credit line. Funds from the World Bank would be managed
jointly by the Central Bank as PEA, with common eligibility criteria, disbursement, monitoring and
evaluation.
III. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROGRAM
Most of the activities funded by the Project will be defined during the implementation of individual
projects. This project will not involve population relocation, involuntary land acquisition and any
negative impacts on livelihoods for financing by banks and micro-finance institutions. In addition, this
project will not include construction resulting in restriction to access of legally designated parks and
protected areas. However, the activities and impacts presented below are given as examples:
Food processing
Environmental impacts
Degradation of water quality due to solid and liquid waste,
Critical deterioration of aquatic habitats and species living there; automatic exclusion of the
activity;
Extensive use of water and energy;
Production of liquid and solid waste and residual products.
Social impacts
Conflicts on the use of water;
Diseases or infections caused by water pollution or waste;
Alteration of the health of workers.
Construction Environmental impacts
Excavation waste (very low negative effect) The construction contractors shall get rid of
remnants of excavation in safe places that have been previously selected by the concerned
municipality. Common sense civil works-related codes (health and safety as well as engineering
codes and civil works codes) shall be followed by the contractor such as the vehicles transporting
excavation waste shall be completely covered. The contractors shall repair any damage of the
infrastructures and shall restore the work site to its previous position as it was. The lending bank
shall make sure the contractor comply with these conditions.
Harming/ prejudicing buried historical, cultural properties (almost no negative effect):
Department of Antiquities and Cultural Heritage determines the sites where it is expected to
find Historical archaeological values; these sites are known to the municipalities. When a Bank
finances a proposed project, the location has to be agreed by the concerned municipality to
avoid the locations to be in the historical archaeological sites. However, in the event of a
discovery believed to be of historical archaeological asset during construction (chance-find),
the works will stop immediately the discovery will be reported to the competent authority to
take its proper course of action. The work will be resumed after permission is given to continue.
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Dust and air pollution (very low negative effect): A civil Contractor is required during works
to control dust by spraying water on the earth to prevent dust from flying.
Noise (low negative effect): During the excavation contactors shall undertake works during the
daytime so as to cause least disruption and inconvenience to the local population. In the event
that there are any complaints, then measurement will be taken.
Emission the exhausts from the vehicles (very low negative effect) : All vehicles in the work
location shall be licensed and insured and be exposed to check regarding emission of exhausts
from environment authority , and to be sure that emission rates are not over the limited
permitted.
Disabling the infrastructure and services due to excavations (weak negative impact): No
land acquisition will be permitted. The municipalities concerned of the public services will
adhere to the following process summarized by the following :
Official letters will be sent to the municipalities to inform them of the proposed projects
locations, this is to avoid damaging the infrastructure when implementing the projects.
No relocation or loss of shelter, loss of assets or access to assets, or loss of income sources or
means of livelihoods is permitted.
Disruption to traffic (weak negative impact): Movement of heavy vehicles cause soil
compaction and atmospheric pollution;
The sub-projects which could result in temporary street closure and disruption to pedestrians will be
carefully coordinated with the traffic department (traffic controllers) to take the required procedures (re-
direct traffic if necessary) and inform the public in advance so that they are prepared for the temporary in-
convenience.
Public safety for the local population and workers (very weak negative impact): The
Contractors shall have full regards of and maintain safety measures and procedures to protect
works, workers, the safety and convenience of the public during the implementation of the
projects using all type of precautions and tools such as isolating the site of the project when
required, fencing, use phosphoric tapes, warning signs etc. Lack of care or lack of information
can cause accidents, Thus people living in the area under direct influence of construction
works, people moving in the vicinity, and end point users should be informed regarding
appropriate safety precautions, for example:
- Not allowing children to play near construction sites (e.g. such as climbing of the poles or
fences)
- Warn children not to play with kites and slingshots near the power lines.
- Avoid trimming high trees located near the energy cables
- Avoid handling broken cables
Clearing of land, removal of vegetal cover: impacts on air, water and soil quality;
- Trees Trimmings (very weak negative impact ) : It is not permitted to cut any tree
during works, Rather in some of the rehabilitation projects it may include trimming of
any tree which grown high to reach the electrical networks , this will be done in
coordination with and in the presence of the representative from the concerned
municipality.
- Soil erosion (very weak negative impact): The soil may be compacted. Also work has to
be stopped during heavy rains to reduce soil erosion and accidents.
Construction of access roads to the construction sites; impacts on the fauna and flora;
Displacement of land with impacts on air quality, water, and biodiversity;
Construction of sewer systems involving excavations and placement of sewer structures;
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Generation and spills of pollutants such as motor oil, fuel, flows of cement mixtures, water
from machines washing.
Social Impacts
Circulation of vehicles and heavy machinery causing nuisances (noise, dust, limited access).
Livestock projects, intensive fattening barn, pasture
Environmental Impacts
Clearing of forests and wilderness areas. The impact on forests and natural areas automatically
excludes the activity;
Waste resulting in the loss of natural areas, important habitats or biodiversity will cause
automatic exclusion of the activity;
Degradation of vegetation, erosion, loss of soil fertility due to overgrazing, excessive livestock
operation that leads to environmental degradation;
Modification of infiltration rates, and global volume of water runoff due to the thinning of
vegetation and soil compaction;
Deterioration of water quality due to erosion and spreading of waste and agrochemicals;
Lowering of the water table due to the exploitation of water resources.
Social Impacts
Nuisance to residents in the vicinity of the activity;
Impacts on human health via the parasites and diseases transmittal from animals to humans.
Irrigation projects
Environmental impacts
Loss or degradation of wetlands and their environmental functions, their biodiversity and their
ecological productivity: automatic exclusion of the activity;
Water clogging, water salination and soil erosion;
Reduced water quality due to the introduction of nutrients, agrochemicals, mineral salts and
irrigation.
Social impacts
Competing demands and conflicts over water resources;
Creating proliferation, water points, vectors of diseases (malaria and bilharzias);
Dissemination of infection and disease due to improper use of irrigation canals for water
supply, swimming or disposal of human waste;
Health effects due to water storage, handling, use or disposal of agrochemicals (pesticides,
herbicides).
Fish farming
Environmental impacts
Loss of wetlands and associated ecosystems: automatic exclusion of the activity;
Erosion of the project site;
Water pollution by waste from aquaculture, causing a decline in aquatic habitats;
Introduction of alien species leading to the decline of wildlife species important to the local
food supply.
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Social impacts
Conflicts over the use of land;
Conflicts over water resources mainly due to competing demands;
Diseases or conditions caused by water pollution by waste from aquaculture;
Propagation of vector and waterborne diseases.
Medical companies (drugs manufacturing units are excluded)
Environmental impacts Health risks
Contamination / loss of water quality and soil;
Air Pollution
Social impacts
Injuries and infections caused by sharp instruments;
Impacts on public health due to contaminated waste;
Long-term impacts on the health effects of exposure to toxic substances;
Odors; smoke/air pollutants from the open burning.
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IV. POLICIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS OF THE WORLD
BANK
Policies of environmental and social safeguard of the World Bank, consisting of Operational Policies
(OP) and Bank Procedures (BP), are designed to protect the environment and populations from potential
negative impacts of projects, plans, programs and policies. They are:
OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment, including Public Participation
OP 4.04 Natural Habitats
OP 4.09 Pest Management
OP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources
OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement
OP 4.10 Indigenous Peoples
OP 4.36 Forests
OP 4.37 Safety of Dams
OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways
OP 7.60 Projects in disputed areas
OP 4.01: Environmental Assessment In World Bank Operations, the purpose of Environmental Assessment is to improve decision making, to
ensure that projects are sound and sustainable, and that potentially affected people are consulted. This will
ensure that projects funded by the Bank are environmentally viable and decision-making is improved
through an analysis of environmental impacts (OP 4.01, paragraph 1). This policy is triggered if a project
is likely to have adverse environmental impacts in its area of influence. OP 4.01 covers impacts on the
physical environment (air, water and earth), the quality of life, health, security; physical cultural
resources, and cross-border and global environmental concerns.
To meet this objective, the World Bank Policy defines procedures to:
Identify the level of environmental risk (screening) associated with a project;
Assess the potential environmental impacts associated with the risk and how they should be
reduced to acceptable levels (environmental assessment and management);
Ensure the views of local groups that may be affected by the project are reflected in identifying
the environmental risk and managing any impacts (public consultation);
Make certain that procedures followed in the environmental assessment process are adequately
disclosed and transparent to the general public (disclosure); and
Include measures for implementation and supervision of commitments relating to findings and
recommendations of the ESMF.
Consultation: Public consultation and disclosure are essential elements of World Bank environmental
assessment policy and the necessary procedures and documentation for consultation and disclosure are
addressed within the context of this ESIA/ESMF. The OP 4.01 also describes the consultation
requirements; the borrower consults project-affected groups and Non-Governmental Organizations
(NGOs) about the project's environmental aspects and takes into consideration their views.
The Borrower begins this consultation as soon as possible, and consults with such groups throughout the
implementation of the project. The Borrower shares information resulting from the consultation in a
language accessible to the groups being consulted. This policy is triggered, and this ESIA/ESMF is the
result of this OP.
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The project team has held initial consultations in Jordan. Consultations were held with potential PFIs
(private and state owned commercial banks, leasing firms), ministries (Ministry of Planning and
International Cooperation, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Industry and Commerce) and other
government bodies (Central Bank of Jordan, the Jordan Chamber of Industry , FIs (Tanmeyah - Jordan
Microfinance Network, Tamweelcom, Microfund for Women to present the proposed project structure to
relevant stakeholders and to get their feedback on its design in order to get their views on the constraints
for MSMEs, the proposed FIL, as well as their ideas on and potential partnership in the provision of
technical assistance to MSMEs. All financial institutions will be notified of the availability of funds. This
information will outline the conditions of eligibility of loans under the Jordan FIL. Additional
consultations on the project and ESIA/ESMF were carried out with of stakeholders on Oct. 3, 2012, (Ahli,
Arab, Cairo Amman, Arab Banking Corporation, And Ahli Microfinance Company as well as the Jordan
Chambers of Trade and Industry) (see Annex 1 for details).
OP 4.04, Natural Habitats The OP does not allow the financing of projects degrading or converting critical natural habitats, of
particular interest for the preservation of biological diversity and ecological functions. Natural habitats
deserve special attention when conducting assessments of impacts on the environment. The MSME
project will not allow activities affecting natural habitats, and this policy is not triggered.
OP 4.09, Pest Management To avoid misuse of chemical pesticides, this policy calls for a fight against pests and parasites using a
variety of methods, including biological methods (integrated vector control). Any project activity seeking
to control pests and vectors must put in place an integrated vector control plan.
OP 4.11, Physical Cultural Resources
This policy protects cultural resources potentially affected by the project activities. Upon discovery of
archaeological and cultural relics, it will be implemented in a process of "accidental discovery"
comprising (i) an evaluation study of cultural resources by competent authorities and (ii) exclusion of the
site, the creation and implementation of a Plan of Protection of Cultural Resources.
OP 4.12, Involuntary Resettlement The objective of OP 4.12 is to avoid or minimize involuntary resettlement where feasible or by exploring
all alternatives. OP 4.12 covers assistance to people displaced by the improvement or restoration of their
living standards, their ability to generate revenue or enhance their production levels.
Population relocation and involuntary land acquisition will be prohibited for financing by banks or other
micro-finance institutions to the end beneficiaries through a negative list in the Operations Manual. In
addition, any construction resulting in restriction to access of legally designated parks and protected areas
will also be prohibited for financing by banks and other micro-finance institutions and included in the
negative list in the Operations Manual. The OM will include a social assessment to determine any
potential safeguards implications and actions.
OP 4.10, Indigenous Peoples Indigenous populations, often disadvantaged, deserve special treatment in development projects. This
policy will not be triggered in this project, indigenous peoples, within the meaning of this Operational
Policy of the World Bank, does not exist in Jordan.
OP 4.36, Forests
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The OP provides support for sustainable forestry and conservation oriented forest. It does not support the
commercial exploitation in primary tropical moist forests. Its overall objective is to reduce deforestation,
enhance the contribution of woodlands to the environment. The World Bank does not finance commercial
logging operations or the purchase of equipment for the operation of primary tropical forests. The current
project excludes any forestry activity and, consequently, the operational policy will not be triggered.
OP 4.37 Safety of Dams OP / BP 4.37, Safety of Dams recommended for large dams conducting a technical study and periodic
security inspections by independent experts specializing in dam safety. Dependent components of large
dams also must demonstrate the safety of the dam. This project does not trigger this policy.
OP 7.50, Projects on international waterways Projects affecting international waters must obtain agreements residents, and ensures that riparian states
are informed and do not oppose the project. This project will not finance activities of international
watercourses.
OP 7.60, Projects in Disputed Areas (in dispute) This policy seeks to ensure that parties claiming their right to the disputed areas affected by a project
financed by the Bank have no objection to the proposed project. This project will not finance activities in
area of litigation, this policy is not triggered.
V. DESCRIPTION OF JORDANIAN NATIONAL LAWS RELATED TO THE PROPOSED
PROJECT
Biophysical and Economic Framework (Jordan) Biophysical
Jordan has some environmental challenges, but recognizes the importance of sound environmental
management in order to: (i) sustain the limited environmental resources; (ii) promote tourism which is an
important source of income; (iii) participate in the European Neighborhood Policy of the European Union
and donor lender funded programs. Among the challenges are: highly scarce natural resources of fresh
water, vulnerable marine environment, desertification and deforestation, overgrazing, and soil erosion.
Economy (including the role of SMEs)
Jordan has reached a milestone in its development process. Has faced challenges and unprecedented
opportunities since the mid-80s, government officials have sought, constantly, a (i) deepen economic
integration, especially in Europe, ii) maintain stability macroeconomic (iii) improving the business
environment and (iv) diversify the supply of education. These policies, combined a constant investment in
human capital and infrastructure since the 1960s, led to better withstand external shocks moderate, attract
foreign investment, to maintain a growth of 5% and increase the well-being of the population. Access to
basic social and economic services (water, electricity, sanitation, etc..) is almost universal, and the
incidence of poverty is lowest in the region.
However, despite its enviable performance, Jordan is obliged to do more to reduce unemployment,
especially among youth. Indeed, the results in terms of employment, especially among the young, weak
and deteriorating. The average national unemployment rate was 14.1% in 2008 and peaked at 30% for
individuals aged 20 to 24 years. By extrapolating past trends, planners anticipate a need for more 860.000
additional jobs over the next ten years. This implies that reducing unemployment is a priority for the
authorities in the coming years. Reduce unemployment in the medium term requires a rise in activity has
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high added value and a focus on innovation. Small and medium-sized enterprises play an important role
in achieving these goals.
Legal and Institutional Framework for Environmental Management (Jordan)
Jordan has invested in the establishment of a legislative and regulatory framework that protect the
environment and the natural resources, with multiple enforcement actions against polluters institutions
through the obligation of Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIA) as a prevention tool. In
addition, Jordan has established the Royal Department for the protection of the Environment to help the
ministry of environment achieving its goals of environmental protection. The main legal acts governing
the protection of the environment in Jordan include:
Legislative and institutional framework
The ministry of environment was established in 2003 as Jordan‘s lead institution for environmental
management, with one of its responsibilities to coordinate national efforts to protect the environment.
Jordan has an extensive web of laws and regulations pertaining to environmental protection and
management. The following regulations have been initially identified to discuss within the framework of
the legal requirements for the project and accordingly the ESIA study. This list will be discussed with the
Ministry of Environment and the scoping session participants for updating and modification:
Environment Protection Law for the year 2003 (Law No. 52 for the year 2006).
EIA regulation No. 37 for the year 2005.
Noise Level Control Regulation for the year 2003.
Hazardous Waste Management and Handling Regulation for the year 2003.
Regulation for the Control of the Use of Ozone Depleting Materials for the year 2003.
Regulation for the Management, Transport and Handling of dangerous and Hazardous
Materials number 24 for the year 2005.
Public Heath Law (No. 54, 2002).
Water Authority Law (No. 18, 1988) and related standards.
Regulations for protection of birds and wildlife and roles covering their hunting (No. 113,
1973).
The Antiquities Law (No. 21, 1988).
Civil Defense Law (No. 18, 1999).
Traffic Law No. 47, 2001.
Labor Law.
Penalty Law (No. 16, 1960).
Ministry of Agriculture Law (No. 44, 2002).
Natural resources Authority Laws 2002.
Jordanian Standards for Air Pollution (JS 1189/2006)
European Union Directives (could be listed if necessary!!)
World Bank Safeguard Policies
IPPC BREFs (Best available technology reference documents) for Waste Treatment Industries
and Waste Incineration
Guidelines on BAT and BEP for Medical Waste Incineration, UNEP Stockholm Convention
Environmental Law no. 52 / 2006 The environmental protection law no. 52/2006 sets the definitions and outlines the main responsibilities
and functions of the ministry of environment. As per the law, the ministry is responsible for setting
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Jordan‘s environmental protection policy, monitoring activities, coordinating national efforts for
environmental protection, and preparing environmental contingency plans.
Article 7 of the law assigns the ministry of environment with the environmental monitoring and
inspection responsibilities, and grants its employees the right to enter any facility for inspection
needs.
Articles 8, 9, 10 relate to marine environment.
Article 13 sets the requirements for conducting environmental impact assessment for projects.
An environmental protection fund was established under (articles 16 and 17); and sets fees for
violation of its provision, terms for delegation of authority, and the operation of environmental
non-governmental organizations in Jordan. Finally it lists the regulations that should be issued
in accordance to the law.
Of the required 12 regulations set by law; the following regulations have already been issued: marine and
coastal environment; environment protection from pollution in emergency cases; air protection; nature
reserves and national parks; management, transport and handling of harmful and hazardous substances;
management of solid wastes; environmental impact assessment; and soil protection.
Many other agencies retain their environmental responsibilities and structures. Environmental sections
and departments are present in a number of institutions such as the Ministry of Water and Irrigation,
Water Authority of Jordan, and Ministry of Health, among others.
Institutions that do not have dedicated environmental departments often resort to naming environmental
focal points whose responsibilities often include liaising with institutions on issues that pertain to both
their respective agencies‟ mandate and the environment. In several cases, the responsibilities of
environmental focal points need to be clarified and/or strengthened
Environmental Impact Assessment Review Process Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a key tool to ensure that decisions taken at the legislative and
regulatory level are actually executed and built into the design and implementation of development
projects.
The legal basis for EIA is established in the environment protection law (EPL) no. 52/2006. It is
implemented through its EIA regulations no. 37/2006 and its five annexes. These require that the project
proponent would hire a national consulting firm to conduct the EIA and prepare an EIA report. It also
assigns full authority to the Ministry the Environment through its department of Licensing and Guidance
(which included the EIA section) to arrange for screening, control and follow up on the EIA process and
its implementation. The approval of an EIA is a pre-requisite for any subsequent license or permit by any
or all other relevant authorities that may be required prior to construction. All development projects,
regardless of EIA classification, must adhere to the air emission, water, wastewater reuse; industrial and
municipal discharges‟ Jordanian standards.
Many features of the Jordanian EA system are compatible with the World Bank EA Policy (OP 4.01) and
the European Commission (EC) EIA Regulations no. 97/11. These features are in (i) screening, (ii)
scoping; (iii) the EIA report content, (iv) the content of the environment management plan, (v) provisions
for appeal; and (vi) requirements for monitoring and follow up. The assessment also showed that the
parallel EIA system established by ASEZA is very similar to OP 4.01, and includes the provisions for
public consultation and disclosure of EIA reports.
As per the EIA regulation no. 37/2005, the Technical Review Committee consists of the representatives
of the following agencies: ministries of environment, planning and international cooperation, municipal
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affairs, health, agriculture, industry and trade, energy and mineral resources, water and irrigation, tourism
and antiquities, and public works and housing, in addition, to representatives from NGO and academia.
Table (1) Summarizes the Jordanian EIA Procedures.
Table (1) Summarizes the Jordanian EIA Procedures
Summary of the Jordanian EIA Procedures Stage Activity
Initial Filing and Screening The Project Proponent completes a Project Information
Form (PIF) of the intended project and submits it to the
Ministry of Environment for screening.
An Inter-ministerial Central Licensing Committee
reviews the PIF, and after conducting site surveys
determines if the project is classified as:
Category I projects for which an EIA report is
required
Category II projects for which an initial EIA is
only required
Category III for which no environment
analysis is required
The decision is publicly displayed for 2 weeks Scoping The Ministry issues legally binding guidance on the
Scope of the Assessment
Proponent prepares a ToR, after a mandatory public
consultation.
An Inter-Ministerial Technical Review Committee
(TRC) reviews and approves the ToR.
Air Quality Monitoring There are several types of monitoring for air quality that are performed to various degrees and in different
locations by various institutions.
Stakeholder, General Public Involvement and Interest The public in Jordan shows interest in environmental matters. According to the World Values Survey, the
general public in Jordan has a positive attitude towards environmental protection. Approximately half of
the respondents (51%) elected to give priority to environmental protection even if it resulted in slower
economic growth, a higher proportion than in comparator countries in Jordan and the Mediterranean
regions.
Right to Seek Information from Public Authorities In 2007, Jordan issued an access to information law no. 47/2007 which gives the right to every Jordanian
to access information available with the public sector. The law sets a time limit of 31 days for a response
following the submission of the information request, defines categories of information that may not be
accessed, and calls for issuance of regulations pertaining to the different articles of this law – which are
still to be issued. The institutionalization of the EIA process has provided more opportunities than
previously available for public participation.
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) Jordan has a varied environmental non-governmental sector and significant grass-root environmental
activity. There are eighteen environmental NGOs in Jordan that vary in their size, capacity, membership,
and environmental theme of choice. Most of these work at the national level, though a few also work with
local communities. In addition, many community based organizations are involved in environmental
issues as evidenced by data from the UNDP-GEF Small Grants Program
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Jordan‘s non-governmental sector contributes towards the environmental agenda. NGOs in Jordan work
towards raising environmental awareness, mobilizing funds and providing technical assistance to
communities and industries. Some NGOs are represented on Government committees such as the EIA
technical review committee.
Environmental Standards Jordan Institute for Standards and Metrology (JISM) is the main agency responsible for issuing standards
in accordance to standards and metrology law no. 22/2000. Technical committees consisting of relevant
agencies and experts are established by JISM to develop specific standards, and the draft standards are
shared with all relevant organizations for comment before its final approval. Often affected sectors are
represented in the technical committee, such as representatives from the industrial sector being part of
committee for setting standards on air emission limits. The committee approach contributes towards
balancing interests of different parties; however, draft standards are not published for public feedback.
Several environmental standards cover issues pertaining to water and air quality in Jordan. There are four
main standards pertaining to water and wastewater:
1. Jordanian Standard 286/2008. Technical Regulations on Drinking Water.
2. Jordanian Standard 893/2006. Reclaimed Domestic Wastewater.
3. Jordanian Standard 202/1991. Industrial Wastewater. The standard sets norms for the release
of industrial wastewater to the environment .
4. Jordanian Standard 1145/2006. Uses of Treated Sludge in Agriculture.
Air Quality, there are two sets of standards: 1. Jordanian Standard 1189/2006: maximum allowable limits of air pollutants emitted from
stationary sources. These standards set emission limits for total suspended particulates by type
of industry as well as gaseous substances, and define acceptable measurement methods.
2. Jordanian Standard 1140/2006: Ambient air quality standards provide limits for ambient air
quality for particulates (TSP and PM10) as well as gaseous substances (SO2, CO, NO2, H2S,
and Pb).
Mainstreaming Environment into Sectoral Development The Ministry of Environment is developing with assistance from the EU a Strategic Environmental
Assessment Framework (SEA). This framework would enhance the environmental mainstreaming process
and further strengthen the role of MoEnv as a coordinating institution for environmental protection and
promoting sustainability. Applying the SEA helps to promote integrated environment and development
decision-making and increases and formalizes coordination across sectors, thereby helping Jordan move
away from the ad-hoc approach to environmental integration which currently characterizes much of the
interaction between MoEnv and other ministries.
The Aqaba Special Economic Zone (ASEZ) The Aqaba Special Economic Zone (ASEZ), a 375Km2 area, was envisaged by His Majesty, King
Abdullah II, to establish a place within the Kingdom that takes into consideration the delicate balance
between economic growth and development, the conservation and protection of the environment, and the
sustainability of the local community along with its unique cultural heritage. In the year 2000,
constitutional measures were implemented to establish the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority
(ASEZA) through an extensive, thorough and comprehensive master plan that outlined the institutional
framework to have full regulatory authority within the zone to set the stage for future development. ASEZ
is governed by six Commissioners one of them is dedicated to the Environmental management of the
Zone, which illustrates the importance of the environment to Jordan. ASEZA‘s Department for
Environment and Health Control is responsible for environmental management and protection of the
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terrestrial and marine resources of the area. ASEZA has the authority to create and implement new
legislation.
Jordan‘s entire coastline is only 27 km long, and it lies within the boundaries of ASEZ. The ASEZ
effectively includes Jordan‘s territorial waters and its entire marine catchment area.
Since the environmental resources of Jordan are among its most important assets, the ASEZ Master Plan
addressed the need for strong environmental protection. Since 2001, ASEZA has built up a strong regime
of environmental protection, including a risk-based environmental clearance mechanism for new
industries, as well as monitoring and enforcement of standards on the existing activities.
Legal Framework For applications in the ASEZ geographical boundaries the following set of regulations prevail.
ASEZ Law No. 32 for the Year 2000 The Aqaba Special Economic Zone (ASEZ) was established under Law No. 32 of the year 2000. This law
sets forth the establishment and perimeters of ASEZ, the Zone‘s Authority (ASEZA), as well as the
administration and financial affairs of ASEZA. The ASEZ Law also establishes the legal basis for
economic activities in the zone, establishment of taxes and duties, zoning of lands and buildings,
administration of coastal areas, entry and residency, and the environmental protection of the Zone.
According to Article 52 of the ASEZ Law, the ASEZ Board of Commissioners is responsible for
protecting and maintaining the environment in the Zone and for ensuring sustainable development. For
this purpose, the ASEZ Authority shall assume the powers of the national environmental regulator - now
the Ministry of the Environment.
Environmental Protection Regulation No. 21 for the Year 2001 The Environmental Protection Regulation No. 21 for the year 2001, issued in accordance with articles 52
and 56 of the ASEZ Law, provides the basis for ASEZ‘s regulation of the environment. The general
provisions of this Regulation list a number of prohibited acts regarding waste management, use of
seawater, and emission of harmful substances. They also assign ASEZA the responsibility for regulation
and monitoring of groundwater resources, and licensing and drilling of wells. Moreover, the Regulation
grants ASEZA the right to suspend the work of any activity that poses a threat to the environment.
The Regulation also sets out the legal framework for environmental management within the ASEZ,
including the permitting and post permitting management tools for environmental protection. It addresses
the measures to be taken to abate and prevent pollution of air, soil, and water by substances that are liable
to create hazards to human health, or harm living and non-living resources.
Aqaba Marine Park Regulation No. 22 for the Year 2001 The Aqaba Marine Park Regulation No. 22 for the year 2001, sets out the perimeters of the Marine Park
and its aims. It describes the formation and structure of the committee responsible for establishing the
Park's policies, preparing annual administration plans, defining financial allocations necessary for the
Park, issuing administrative, financial and technical instructions, and any other functions required. It also
stipulates a number of prohibited actions and activities, which may result in the destruction, damage or
deterioration of the natural environment of its wild life or affect the aesthetics of the area.
Regulation for the Development of Wadi Rum Area No. 24 for the Year 2001 The Wadi Rum Protected Area is located in the southern part of Jordan, about 290 km south of Amman
and about 60 km north east of the coastal city of Aqaba. It covers an area of 72,000 ha representing the
largest protected area in Jordan and the Levant region, and covers almost one percent of the total surface
area of the country. Last year it was listed on the duel list of UNESCO as a Natural and Cultural heritage.
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The Protected Area lies within the wider geographical scope of the legally recognized and geographically
established ASEZA region defined by its regulation which grants all legal powers of land use planning,
management and monitoring to the Wadi Rum Area Management Unit in all areas surrounding the
Protected Area. This regulation, along with its means of application, forms the legal and operational basis
for the buffer zone around the Protected Area.
Regulation and Licensing of Enterprises in the ASEZ No 13 for the Year 2001 This Regulation deals with procedures and conditions for the registration and licensing of enterprises
wishing to operate in the ASEZ, as well as the obligations of the registered enterprises. In particular, it
requires that the initiation of any economic activity in the Zone must have an operational permit from
ASEZA relating to the requirements for public health, public safety and the environment. Articles 6 to 12
set out the requirements including environmental requirements, which are part of the permitting
requirements. They also specify the documentation, which should be submitted along with the permit
application and the time periods for review and/or modifications. Without satisfying ASEZA of the
environmental management safeguards of the activity, no operational permit can be given.
VI. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK
The Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) is an integral part of the project
implementation process to be applied during project construction, and operation and maintenance phases
of the project. As this part of ESMF provides an outline for managing and monitoring adverse impacts
(environmental and social) from the development phases, This ESMF which has been prepared with WB
guidance will be the governing document for screening of applications prior to commencing with funding
of any activities. This comprehensive plan by the CBJ clearly provides objectives and targets, internal and
external responsibilities, methods and tools for implementation, time budget, monitoring frequencies, and
financial resources. In other words, ESMF should be SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable,
Realistic, and Time-based. The ESMF prepared by the CBJ has been approved by the Project Owner, and
governed by the relevant environmental and social laws and guidelines .
Opportunities - Positive Social and Economic Impacts Overall, the social and environmental development impacts of this project are expected to be positive. It
will contribute to the generation of direct and indirect significant positive social and environmental
impacts as follows:
Potential Positive Environmental Impacts
- The main objective is to minimize the project's adverse environmental impacts and to
provide full cost effective compliance with the relevant environmental laws and
regulations as stipulated by the World Bank.
Potential Positive Economic Impacts
- Improving access to finance for the citizens in all Governorates.
- Improved access to finance for MSMEs in Jordan and ultimately expand employment
opportunities through private sector development. In doing so, the operation will
ultimately create sustainable private sector jobs in remote areas, including poor and
agricultural areas, support entrepreneurship, reduce poverty and contribute to economic
growth
- Strengthen the link between the financing and performance in achieving sustainable
entrepreneurship, and more inclusive access to finance;
- Support new approaches to extend MSME finance on a larger scale;
- Enhance the banking system capacity to evaluate the effectiveness of its MSE support;
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- Improve the incentives for banks to expand into MSE lending;
- Design new financial products, and Islamic products in compliance with Shari‘ah;
- Providing employment opportunities for citizens, women; youth, engineers, technicians,
and local contractors to work in the implementation of the project, which include both
men and women.
- Increasing productivity of business, and other services.
- Provision of job creation and enhanced services in governorates.
Potential Positive Social Impacts
- Ensure better opportunities for the remote, rural and underprivileged areas to meet
citizens‘ needs with a special focus on women and youth to establish income-generating
projects with the objective of achieving sustainable and balanced development.
- Increasing public awareness of rights and responsibilities, services to be provided, fees,
access and dispute resolution mechanisms through communication, outreach and citizen
participation.
- Enhancing citizen satisfaction with the services provided by GOJ in the governorates and
building of public trust.
Management and Monitoring Requirements The CBJs need to report to project owner the progress of implementing mitigation measures within
timeframe and capabilities agreed upon with the project owner. The monitoring reports should contain
information about: types of activities undertaken, number of site visits conducted, number and types of
problems uncovered according to the agreed key performance indicators, and other good practices seen
evident in the field.
As this part of ESMF provides an outline for managing and monitoring adverse impacts from the
development phases.This ESMF which has been prepared in close cooperation between the WB and CBJ
with stakeholder consultation will ensure that the required compliance measures are in place prior to
commencing with major construction or activities with a possible negative environment or social impacts.
The comprehensive framework by the CBJ clearly specifies:
Objectives and targets;
Internal and external responsibilities;
Methods and tools for implementation;
Time budget, monitoring frequencies;
Financial resources; as well as
The plan's management procedures
Tables 2, 3, 4, & 5 in Annex 2 of the ESIA/ESMF provide an outline for the potential adverse
environmental and social impacts, proposed mitigation measures, and monitoring program, including Key
Performance Indicators (KPIs). The tables also delineate responsibilities and explain costs of
implementing.
MONITORING PROTOCOL
Monitoring & Evaluation Plan
A detailed environmental monitoring plan has been developed to verify that predictions of environmental
impacts are accurate and that unforeseen impacts are detected at an early stage and allow corrective
measures to be implemented, if needed.
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Environmental and Social monitoring is an essential component of project implementation. It facilitates
and ensures the follow-up of the implementation of the proposed mitigation measure, as they are required.
It helps to anticipate possible environmental hazards and/or detect unpredicted impacts over time.
Aiming at providing information about key environmental and social impacts of the project, and
effectiveness of mitigation measures, the CBJ in compliance with the WB and MOE regulations has
outlines a detailed monitoring plan for projects that may trigger and a detailed EA according to the
Jordanian Environmental Law or during constructional phase of the proposed project, to ensure key
environmental and social impacts are mitigated to the extent required. The Monitoring Plan is developed
and presented as part of the ESMF.
Key objectives of the lending banks monitoring plan include:
Enabling the project owner/borrower and the World Bank to evaluate the success of mitigation
as part of project supervision.
Allowing corrective actions to be taken whenever needed.
The plan contains objectives of monitoring, and specific targets to achieve, as well as main elements of
monitoring like parameters to be monitored, full description of methods and equipment to be used for
monitoring, sampling locations, frequency of measurements, threshold limits (per national and
international standards), corrective action procedures, personnel responsible for monitoring, reporting and
communication procedures.
Monitoring and procedures are set out in a way that:
Early detection of conditions that necessitate particular mitigation measures is ensured
Information on the progress and results of mitigation is furnished Prior to applying monitoring
plan, the contractor should have his plan approved by the project owner with a clearly
delineated Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to facilitate further evaluations
Monitoring includes:
Visual observations
Selection of environmental and social parameters at specific locations; Sampling and regular
testing of these parameters
Formulation and implementation of monitoring plan are to be budgeted within the contractor fee and
clearly stated in the Terms of Reference.
The project owner is entitled of evaluating outcomes of the monitoring plan in annual basis through
conducting an annual plan review.
Monitoring will be undertaken at a number of levels. It will be undertaken at work sites under the
direction and guidance of the environmental unit/specialist of the lending bank who is responsible for
reporting the monitoring to the implementing agency- ie the PIU at CBJ
Any negative potential social and environmental impacts will be effectively mitigated through the
development of an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) /Environment and Social
Management Framework (ESMF) by CBJ, the proposed implementing agency.
CBJ will ensure that the borrowing banks adopt and implement the ESIA and ESMF (or screening of
subprojects, and that IDA funds will not be used towards the funding of any category A type sub-projects
or other projects included in a negative list provided by the WB to CBJ or projects that may trigger
significant negative environmental impacts .
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For social safeguard implementation, the client‘s capacity needs to be assessed and arrangements will be
made to ensure that the CBJ will have the necessary capacity for social safeguards management and
monitoring. The CBJ will be responsible to ensure the necessary compliance of borrowers, banks,
financial intermediaries, etc. An environmental/ social safeguards consultant will be hired by the WB to
assist CBJ with services in assessing the environmental and social safeguards capacity, training and
monitoring of the banks ,other FI and other micro-finance institutions as part of the criteria of selection
outlined in the Operations Manual.
It is worth noting here that CBJ will be required to document the monitoring results and measure the
benefits as part of the M&E process. A study will be undertaken to quantify some of the above benefits.
As it will not be possible to quantify all of these benefits, CBJ will try to capture some of these impacts
towards the end of the project .CBJ will thus have to set aside some funds for this study, noting that
there will be an implementation completion report at the end of the project and this above mentioned
economic benefits of the project will an integral part of this final report.
Construction Phase Operation Phase
Land Use Socio-economy Economic disruption Air Quality and Noise
Visual Impact (Landscape) Runoff pollution and drainage Air Quality and Noise Habitats, Flora
Runoff Pollution Fauna (wildlife and livestock) Archaeology Waste Management
Habitats, Flora Archaeology Waste Management
Fauna (wildlife and livestock)
Table (3) in Annex 2 outlines the overall package of environmental monitoring measures that will be
implemented in relation to the facility as outlined in detail. The table also assigns general responsibilities
for implementing each group of monitoring measures. Table (4) in Annex 2 outlines an initial monitoring
plan for both constructional and operational phases of a given project. Prior to applying monitoring plan,
the CBJ/lending bank/borrower will have his plan approved by the project owner with a clearly delineated
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to facilitate further evaluations as suggested in Table (5) in Annex 2.
Formulation and implementation of monitoring plan will be budgeted for and clearly stated in the Terms of
Reference. The project owner is entitled of evaluating outcomes of the contractor's monitoring plan in
annual basis through conducting an annual plan review.
The (CBJ PIU) need to ensure that lending bank report to them on a quarterly basis the status of the
compliance with the ESIA/ESMF while CBJ will review these reports and interact with the lending banks
on projects funded that may trigger more monitoring by the MOE and the lending banks and FIs. CBJ will
then report to project owner the progress of implementing mitigation measures within timeframe and
capabilities agreed upon with the project owner. Such monitoring reports should be kept by CBJ for review
by the WB upon request that contain information gathered and generated by the lending banks on : types of
activities undertaken, number of site visits conducted, number and types of problems uncovered according
to the agreed key performance indicators, and other good practices seen evident in the field. The CBJ will
propose a reporting schedule for the lending banks or FI‘s to follow during the project's life.
Implementation Arrangements and Capacity Building Needs
The proposed Project will be implemented by the existing Project Implementing Unit (PIU) at CBJ.
Therefore CBJ will be responsible for implementation of contracts/works, and the PIU will report to the
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WB on implementation (including compliance with the ESMF). CBJ will be accountable for the
monitoring and reporting and for that CBJ should ensure that it has under its jurisdiction the staff trained to
propagate training to the lending banks and to aggregate needed reports from the respective authorities or
else allocate funds for the conduction of such report generation and aggregation. Lending banks will be
responsible for compliance of the borrowers to the pertinent WB and GOJ environmental law and with the
ESMF/ESIA and the ultimate supervision of their borrowers applications and implementation measures
and thereby ensuring that all project works are in compliance with the ESMF.
Since not all borrowers/MSMEs are familiar with implementation of the monitoring system, institutional
strengthening and training is needed.. The lending banks and MFIs need to report to CBJ who will retain
and aggregate the needed reporting to project owner on the progress of implementing mitigation measures
within timeframe and capabilities agreed with WB. Such monitoring reports generated by the lending
banks and MFIs should contain information about: types of activities undertaken by MSMEs, number of
site visits conducted, number and types of problems uncovered according to the agreed key performance
indicators, and other good practices seen evident in the field.
Lending banks will have the capacity to undertake supervision of works and to ensure compliance with the
required environmental measures. The PIU will be responsible to aggregate information on compliance
with the ESMF, and include as a section in the reporting to the World Bank. Further, capacity of CBJ‘s
Environment and Social Safeguards Unit will be strengthened on World Bank safeguard policies,
requirements and reporting. .
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ANNEX 1:
CONSULTATIONS
Consultations- A stakeholder Consultations Workshop was conducted with the banking sector
stakeholders including the CBJ PIU staff assigned to the MSME programme.
A stakeholder‘s consultation workshop/meeting was conducted on Wednesday October 3,
2012 at the Central Bank of Jordan to debrief the stakeholders on the project and on
environmental and social safeguards required by the WB from CBJ and potential
participating banks in the MSME Programme and Chambers of Industry and Trade.
Attendees were:
Name Position E-mail
Alaa Aldin Al Ashi Head of SME Dept-Arab
Bank
Hani Khader Head of Marketing/Cairo
Amman Bank
Ms Samar.Taha Jordan Chamber of
Industry/Assistant
Manager International
Relations Department
Ms Nour Jarrar Senior Vice President for
Strategic Planning/Arab
Banking Corporation
Samer Kirresh Senior Economist/Jordan
Chamber of Commerce
Ms Khloud Hindiyeh Sustainability
Manager/Arab Bank
Ms Rania Wahbeh Group Strategy-CSR
Department/Ahli Bank
Tamer Halaseh Executive Finance
Manager/Ahli Micro
Finance Company
Mr Mohamad Amaireh Assistant Executive
Manager for Banking
Supervision Department
/PIU Director-CBJ
Mr Marwan Saad Data Analysis and
Studies Division for
Banking Supervision
CBJ/PIU
The meeting commenced with an introduction of the programme by the Assistant
Executive Manager for Banking Supervision Department Mr Mohamad Amaireh/PIU
26
Director who welcomed the guests. He mentioned that through the WB loan a line of
credit will be established for banks to access and on lend to MSMEs with the objective of
reaching out to governorates, women and youth and this disadvantaged groups in the
MSME sector thus creating more jobs and enhance the economical situation in Jordan.
The loan (70 million dollar) will be distributed to banks and MFIs who will then on lend
to micro, medium and small sized enterprises, while take notice in the selection criteria of
projects proposed for loans to be based on neutral or +ve environmental impacts.
WB consultant then welcomed the guest, and introduced herself. WB usually sets
regulations to the loan program where selection is made upon certain criteria that
including other financial and technical issues would take environmental aspects and
social safeguard issues into consideration. WB will give the CB a line of credit to be
utilized as sources of microfinance/small and medium enterprises funding.
The representative of the Jordan Chamber of Commerce Samer Kirresh argued that
MSMEs lack sufficient experience which forms an obstacle for them for obtaining loans.
CBJ-Mohammad Amaireh responded that Banks actually are trying to give out loans
to MSMEs. In fact, the government of Jordan and CBJ are working on solving this
obstacle. CBJ however, cannot eliminate the safeguards that should be presented for
ensuring micro, small and medium projects compliance and facilitation to access to funds
and ease of collaterals. What will help improve the situation is this provision of technical
assistance and a line of credit offered from the WB. Moreover, and despite the obstacles
currently present, the Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation and the Credit
Bureau have been working on developing an MSME strategy which is now is the process
of approval where the Credit Bureau will work with MSMEs and help them build their
capacities and organize the MSME sector.
Arab Bank representative Mr Alaa Ashi: What about the loaning percentages and the
methods of loaning?
CBJ Mohammad Amaireh: Such an issue will be later thoroughly clarified and
discussed as discussions are still on going between CBJ and WB
WB consultant: The program mainly targets women and youth and those in the
governorates, selection criteria which should be taken into consideration when giving out
loans by the banks. The regulations of the MSME program are in line with the world-
wide applied and known WB social and environmental safeguards and regulations, and as
an example child labor regulations and working hour‘s limitations. Whether you as
Bankers should search for in an MSME applicant is your responsibility to initially screen
the applicant for eligibility using the OPM flow diagram and she went on to explain the
screening of applicant‘s process from an environmental and social safeguards aspect.
The program mainly targets micro, small to medium enterprises all of which are
eligible to apply.
Dr Amal then discussed the Negative list of projects and the OP 12 in the
handouts passed on to the attendees with special emphasis on the regulations
27
regarding and child Labor, exploitation, gambling and projects that aim on
producing deemed illegal products etc according to the list.
The loan obtained by the each MSME will be relatively small. In order for
MSMEs to obtain the loan they will have to apply and upon applying to the bank
a screening process by the environmental and social officer at the bank will take
place according to the OPM flow diagram where Category I and II projects will
be subjected to the national licensing authorities for trade and industry where
each has a steering committee with members from different sectors (M. of
Environment, M. Of Health, Labor, Municipalities, university academics,
Ministry of trade and industry, Chambers of Commerce and Industry) who will
look into the qualifications of the MSMEs.
As Bankers, you will be working as a Safeguard initializing the screening process
for selection.
―The Negative list of Industries not eligible for Financing under the project‖ is a
simple list that is in line with every day business in Jordan and is nothing to be
afraid of. It is only a list that the World Bank has devised to ensure that
applicants proposed projects for financing fall outside the list to ensure eligibility
of the applying MSME for the WB loan
An important note is that Projects to be financed should not cause involuntary
take of a land, relocation or loss of shelter, loss of economic sources, viability or
cause involuntary restriction of access to legally designated protected areas.
The representative of the Jordan Chamber of Trade Mr Kirresh commented that
No MSME can take another MSME out of business, this normally occurs in large
enterprises such as in the telecommunication sector, therefore this criterion would not be
of any trouble to the lending banks.
WB consultant: According to the Jordanian Environmental Law, Projects are categorized
into 3 categories;
1. Category 1 : Large projects that require an EIA report
2. Category II: Medium projects that require an initial EIA report
3. Category III: Small projects that require no EIA or any environmental analysis.
Most of the projects that could be financed by the program lie in category III and a few in
category II but that does not mean that Category III projects are rejected.
For projects that require and EIA, an ―environmental approval‖ from the Ministry of
Environment needs to obtain through an EIA. This is normally for projects that have a
potential negative impact on the environment and normally it would cost around JDs 20-
30,000. So most MSMEs would normally not opt to be in that category I. If in Category
II or III the approval process is easier.
The MSME is then asked to fill in the questionnaire which Dr Amal went through and the
loan application in cooperation with the delegate of the social and environmental
safeguards loan specialist.
28
An Important issue that was discussed in the session, where the banks
representatives suggested providing an Arabic version of the questionnaire or a
bilingual form and OPM Flow and negative list.
WB consultant informed the attendees that the process will not be overburdening them ,
as the pertinent national environmental and social regulations ensure compliance however
bi annual audits will be conducted by the WB where they would request from CBJ to
have them solicit a list of loan beneficiaries and a random selection with checkups will
made on the implemented projects to check whether they are complying with the
environmental and social safeguards and regulations and laws or not
WB consultant said that as Bankers, you are considered the Radar of the program, where
you are the first to get an initial indication of MSMEs projects categories before the
applicant goes ahead seeking GOJ licensing and approval.
Arab Bank Representative: asked if this process applies only for new projects, or
could be implemented for ongoing ones?
WB consultant: it could be for both, so long WB/CBJ funding is used
Mohammad Amaireh: assured the attendees that the number of MSMEs who may be in
the red zone (category 3 zone) is envisaged to be limited, therefore the process is neither
a very lengthy nor a hard one.
WB consultant: I suggest streamlining the program where the Jordanian Chamber of
Commerce and chamber of Industry could play a supporting role to stream line and
categorize their members‘ applications to the program before going to the Banks seeking
loans. This will make it more beneficial and easier for the Banks as both chambers have
specialized units and staff for technical support and environmental and CSR.
The representatives of the Jordan Chamber of Industry commented that would be a
good idea. However, our main problem would be lack of awareness of the industrials in
the sector. Thus she suggested that they would be implementing awareness campaigns
and workshops that aim to raise awareness about the program from the one side, and
would help in categorizing projects of interested MSMEs before directly heading to the
Banks from another side.
WB consultant: continued going through the questionnaire and emphasized on
considering the benefits that each MSME project would bring for the economy from a
social and environmental perspective.
For instance, a questionnaire with many ‗YES‘s would give an indication that the
proposed project requires environmental analysis
Depending on the category of the project, loans should not be given out before
obtaining the Ministry of Environment‘s approval for categories I and II projects.
The representative of the Jordan Chamber of Commerce: Do you encourage working
with MSMEs in governorates?
WB consultant: Yes definitely, the program actually prioritizes MSMEs outside the
borders of Greater Amman Municipality including gender/women and youth.
29
Mr Khader of Cairo Amman Bank: asked on how they can Categorize Projects?
Dr Amal: Projects could be normally water/wastewater treatment plants, dams,
roads, Schools and buildings, power generation, and chemical production industries
and oil refineries.
ABC Bank representative: But by default, these projects cannot obtain loans because
such projects would require much larger financing than the one this program offers
WB consultant: No they can, the loaning percentage or the amount of loan won‘t change
from a micro to small to medium projects. Even if the size of these projects was medium
they are still eligible to apply and cannot be banned from applying to the loan program,
however the approval and scrutiny process and mitigation measures required by both the
WB and M of Environment in Jordan is lengthy and costly for them which may deter
them from applying for financing of such projects.
WB consultant: After the MSMEs have obtained the Banks approval and loan, it is the
CBJ responsibility to make a check up every 6 month and choose random samples out of
the qualified and effective list of MSME projects.
WB consultant to talk about the environmental and social aspects about the program.
Regarding the nature of the agreement between the WB and the CBJ and a ESIA/ESMF
will be posted on the CBJs website and WB Infoshop as soon as the agreement is
finalized.
WB will directly communicate with the CBJ not with the Banks themselves. CBJ will be
the communication channel between the WB and the Banks.
WB consultant: In the ESIA/ESMF, samples are provided on what to look for in terms of
environmental and social scrutiny for example such as food processing regulations, social
impacts and construction projects.
Special notice should be made to OP 4.01 (Environmental Assessment and Public
Participation) and to OP 4.12 (involuntary …)
Dr Amal mentioned that the Aqaba Special Economic Zone (ASEZ) is has its own
regulations that apply and which govern MSMEs working in its geographical area.
Finally, WB consultant passed her contact details and informed them that she would be
available to answer any questions they may have and would be available to support as
needed.
30
ANNEX 2:
ESMF TABLES Table (2): Potential Environmental and Social Impacts and the Responsible Entity for Mitigation
Phase Activity Measures to mitigate the activity impacts Responsible Entity
Process of
Implementing
the projects
Public health
To maintain the public health and to mitigate the impacts which affect citizens lives Ministry of Health and
Ministry of Labor
Excavation waste
The Contractor shall get rid of remnants of excavation in safe places that have been previously selected by the
concerned municipality. However, excavated soil/dirt will be used to refill.
The contractor
Historical and
cultural properties
Digging works will occur only at a depth of 1 m but if any historical assets are found (chance finds) during
drilling works, the work will be stopped immediately. The contractor will inform Archeology Department and
work will not be resumed except after getting the required permission or finding an alternative project route.
Contractor, Department of
Antiquities and Cultural
Heritage.
Dust
The vehicles used for transporting the materials will be covered and water will be sprayed during windy or
stormy weather.
Contractor
Noise
During excavation the contactor shall undertake works during the daytime so as to cause least disruption and
inconvenience to the local population. In the event that there are any complaints, then measurement will be taken.
Contractor
Emission of
exhausts
All vehicles in the work location shall be licensed and insured and be exposed to check regarding emission of
exhausts from environment authority, and to be sure that emission rates are not over the permitted limit.
Contractor
31
Disabling the
infrastructure and
services due to
excavations
To avoid any damages that may occur to the communication cables, water networks, waste and rainwater, the
contractor shall inform and get the required permissions/licenses before starting drilling and taking the required
precautions in order not to harm the infrastructure. In the event that this happens inadvertently, the contractor will
repair any damage immediately.
Contractor
Traffic Jam
To avoid or minimize potential and expected traffic jam in places where digging will take place, good
coordination with relevant institutions such as municipalities, police traffic will be observed. This can reduce the
impact to a minimum. There will also be official declarations/announcements of road closures as a result of
excavations before the start of the project.
Traffic Authority and
Contractor
Public Safety
Work sites signage will be placed to illustrate clearly the areas of excavation to avoid falling and accidents. The
workers will be equipped in the workplace with safety equipment such as personal protective shoes and clothing,
caps, goggles; appropriate to the nature of work situation as well as warning signals of phosphorus in the project
sites, in order to maintain the safety of visitors to work sites. All who enter the work site will be provided with
helmet and signs. Only specialist workers will be allowed to operate any machinery and equipment in order to
reduce the incidence of accidents. As much as possible, implementation of any part of the project will be avoided
during the night hours.
Contractor
Trees There will be no tree cutting, taking the necessary permissions from the owners of these trees (municipalities)
will be needed so as not to damage trees. The contractor
Soil erosion To prevent soil erosion during the digging process the soil will be compacted. Also work will be stopped during
heavy rains to reduce soil erosion and accidents. Contractor
Restore the work
site as it was Work site will be restored as it was and any damage to the surrounding land and roads will be repaired. Contractor
Loss of Housing All the project activities, even if there will design changes, will not be done on public land but rather on private CBJ and the lending Bank
32
or access to assets land and will not result in: (i) involuntary taking of land; (ii) relocation or resettlement; (iii) loss of assets or
access to assets, and (iv) loss of income sources or means of livelihood. loss of income
sources or means
of livelihood's
Public
Consultation for
projects
impacting
communities
The fear of
citizens
Media campaign will be implemented (local radio - newspapers - CBJ's website).
Explanatory brochures will be distributed with the bills.
Workshops will be held to explain the benefits and to answer the citizens' questions.
CBJ and the lending Bank Notice for the
Citizens
Citizens will be notified of the dates of work.
Field visits will be organized
Public Safety
In order to maintain the safety of workers and the customers in the work site, all those who enter the
work site will be provided the tools necessary for safety.
Put back the work place as it was before and will repair any damage that may result from works.
Cost for implementing the mitigation measures as outlined above will be embedded in the works borrower‘s loan responsibility.
A monitoring plan will be used as the monitoring stages required ensuring conformity with the principles and procedures laid down in the national environmental legislation during
the planning project design construction and operation activities
33
Table (3) The overall package of environmental monitoring measures that will be implemented and general responsibilities for implementing each group of monitoring measures.
What Parameter to be
Monitored
Where is the parameter to
be
monitored?
How are the parameter to be
monitored/ type of
monitoring equipment?
When is the parameter to be
monitored frequency
of measurement or
continuous?
Monitoring
Cost What is the cost of
equipment or
contractor
charges to perform
monitoring
Responsibility
Public and Worker safety At construction
site
Visual: Worker wearing
Equipment
Weekly random
times none
Construction
Contractor
Excavation Waste At construction
site
Visual:
Trucks covered or
ground watered
Weekly:
Random times
Weekly
Minor Construction
Contractor
Historical ,cultural and archaeological Assets At construction
site Visual At all times Minor
Construction
Contractor
Dust levels At construction
site Dust visible
Weekly, more
frequently
during dry, windy
weather
Minor
Construction
Contractor,
Municipality
Noise Levels At construction
site
Observing noise level
and taking
measurement only if
there are complaints
from residents
At all times Minor Construction
Contractor
Machinery
engine
emissions
At construction
site
Visual:
Examine engine exhaust
Certification
Equipment first
comes
to project site
Minor Construction
Contractor
Disruption of local traffic patterns Roads at or near
construction site
Visual:
Alternate
routes clearly
indicated
During traffic jams Minor
Construction
Contractor and
Traffic Police
Public Safety At construction
site Visual At all times Minor
Construction
Contractor
Trees Trimming At construction
site Visual At all times Minor
Department of
Forestry,
Construction
34
Contractor
Soil Erosion At construction
site Visual At all times Minor
Construction
Contractor
Accidents At construction
site
Safety training
for workers,
accident
reports,
community
consultation
Monthly
Construction
Contractor,
Ministries of
Labor and
Health
Restoration of work site At work
site Visual
at the end of work
period Minor
Construction
Contractor
35
Table (4) Summary of the General Mitigation Measures/Guidelines for the Proposed Project during the Construction and Operation Phases
Indicator Parameters
to be Mitigated
Location Mitigation
measure (incl
methods
&Equipment)
Frequency Relevant
Authority/Responsibilities (incl.
Review & reporting)
Cost (incl. equipment & individuals
Summary of the General Mitigation Measures/guidelines for the Proposed Project during the Construction Phase
Land Use
(population
relocation,
involuntary
land
acquisition,
any negative
impacts on
livelihoods
and
construction
resulting in
restriction to
access of
legally
designated
parks and
protected
areas are
prohibited)
Loss of use of
farming lands
* Loss of
private lands
* Limited to
agricultural
lands
* Limited to
privately owned
lands
* Limited to
privately owned
agricultural
lands
* No
compensations
are budgeted for ,
land acquisitions
will not be
permitted
as per OP 4.12
CBJ will provide
capacity and
monitoring so
that OP 4.12 is
not triggered
At all times CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
* General with liaison with
relevant ministries and lands
Directorate
No Compensation cost authorized under this
project
Economic
Disruption
((population
relocation,
involuntary
land
acquisition,
any negative
impacts on
livelihoods
and
construction
resulting in
restriction to
access of
legally
designated
* Disturbance
of
private
businesses
* Small and
medium
commercial and
industrial
private
enterprises
* Evasion of g
loss of income
* Engaging
affected people in
the
development
process
At all times CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
* General
liaison
with relevant entities
* Chambers of
Industry and
Commerce
N/A
* Disturbance
to
demography
and
loss of
employment
opportunities
* Localities in
the close
proximity to the
activity
* Giving priority
in hiring to local
population
At all times * CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
* Contractor with
liaison with
construction
Cost associated with
hiring process
36
parks and
protected
areas are
prohibited)
supervisor and Ministry of labor
Visual
Impact
(Landscape
* Visual impact
due to
construction
machinery
movements and
preparation
sites
for construction
*particularly
affected
population
centers
* Well fencing
construction sites
with
barriers that
would improve
the visual
aspects.
* Planting trees in
the areas of
proximity
to population
centers
* Incorporating
landscaping and
structural
elements in the
affected areas
At all times * CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
* Contractor with
liaison with
construction
supervisor and Ministry of
Environment
* Equivalent to
planting trees along
with labor needed
* Cost associated
with incorporating
environmentally friendly
landscaping
elements
Air Quality
and Noise
* Introduction
of diseases
especially
respiratory
diseases
through
dust and gas
emissions
* Elevated
levels of noise
causing hearing
problems to
residents,
workers as well
as affected
people
* Soiling and
degradation of
visibility
* Acidification
by gas
emissions,
causing adverse
impacts on soil,
* affected
population
centers
* Construction
preparation sites
* Performing
preventative and
corrective
maintenance to
construction
machinery
* Using
protective gear
suitable for
protecting against
dust, gas, and
noise
emissions
* Spraying
surfaces of high
soiling and
dust generation
rates.
* Monitoring gas,
dust and noise
emissions and
ensuring
compliance with
local and
At all times
during
construction
* CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
* Contractor with
liaison with
construction
supervisor and Ministry of
Environment
* Costs associated
with preventative
and corrective
maintenance of
construction
machinery
* Costs of
performing gas,
dust, and noise
emissions
monitoring
* Cost of using
protective gear and
educating workers
on best practices and
housekeeping
* Costs associated
with communicating
with concerned
parties for major
activities
37
property,
vegetation,
animal, and all
living aspects
international
emission
thresholds
* Scheduling
working hours,
transportation
activities, and
machinery
mobilizations
within day hours
* Educating
workers on best
practices
and housekeeping
* Continuously
liaising with
concerned
parties for major
activities, and
ensuring
effectiveness of
complaints and
communication
channels for
grievances
Runoff
Pollution
*Sedimentation,
spillage, and
discharge of
pollutants
* Flood risk
due
to alteration of
floodplains
* Health risk of
using polluted
water reservoirs
(drinking and
agriculture)
* Alteration to
land drainage
and addition to
watercourse
crossings
* Potential
contamination
Waterways
along
, and
downstream
agricultural
lands
* Avoiding
operations in wet
weathers
* Selecting
appropriate
timing of the year
* Using sufficient
drainage
structures to
minimize runoff
in inside ditches
* Treating
erosions and mass
wasting
sites
* Disconnecting
road sediment
sources
to watercourses
* Monitoring
At all times
during
construction
CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
*Contractor with
continuous liaison
with:* Construction
supervisor,
* Ministries of Agriculture, M of
Environment ,and Water and
Irrigation
* Costs equivalent to
proper drainage
constructions
* Costs associated
with preventative
works
* Costs of site and
water resources
monitoring
38
to shallow
groundwater
construction sites
and
applying periodic
maintenance to
machinery and
equipment
Habitats * Habitat
destruction and
disturbance
All along the
construction
camping,
excavation, and
preparation
locations
* Ensuring
crossing
structures do not
pass fragile
habitats to
minimize
destruction,
fragmentation,
and pollution
* Localizing
quarries, cut and
fill, and
preparation sites
in less fragile and
endangered
habitats
* Site monitoring
by ecosystem
specialist
* Educating
workers on site
on
ecosystem
conservation
concepts
At all times
during
construction
phase
CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
* Contractor with
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* Environment
conservation entities
* Liaison and
communication
costs
* Costs associated
with site monitoring
* Costs associated
with workers
education
* Habitat
Fragmentation
* Terrestrial
and
aquatic Habitats
pollution
Fauna
(wildlife and
livestock)
* Blockage of
animal
movement
between their
habitats
In farm and
pasture lands,
woods and
forests
* Mapping and
identifying
affected large
mammals and
their home range
and fencing.
Mapping their
movements
* Identifying
appropriate site
for the
construction of
wildlife passes
* Site monitoring
At all times
during
construction
phase
* CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
Contractor in
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* Environmental
conservation entities
* Liaison and
communication
costs
* Costs equivalent to
researches and
mapping
* Costs associated
with site monitoring
* Costs associated
with workers
education
* Entrapment of
mammals
during flooding
seasons at
certain sites due
to water pattern
alteration
Certain sites of
waterways
* Animal Certain sites of
39
persecution due
to increased
access to
remote
areas
waterways by ecosystem
specialist
* Allow natural
water flow cycle
* Educating
workers on site
on
ecosystem
conservation
concepts
(As a minimum
requirement, and
based
on mapping of
mammal‘s home
range,
one crossing
passage structure
should be
located within
each individual
mammalian
species. Some
mammals
have small home
range, other big
mammals have
bigger home
range due to
their dispersal
nature).
Flora * Destruction
and
fragmentation
of
vegetation
cover
due to road
construction
At construction
locations
* Mapping and
identifying
affected
species
* Recultivating
affected
vegetations to
the extent
possible
At all times
during
construction
phase
* CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
Contractor in
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* Environmental
conservation entities
* Liaison and
communication
costs
* Costs equivalent to
researches and
mapping
* Costs associated
with site monitoring
* Costs associated
with workers
education
Waste
Management
* Spills of solid
and liquid
waste
All along the
Construction,
camping,
* Confining
vehicle
maintenance and
At all times
during
construction
CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
* Costs associated
with periodic
machinery
40
from
construction
machinery and
vehicles
excavation, and
preparation
locations
refueling to areas
in construction
camps
designed to
contain spilled
lubricants and
fuels
* Using of special
containers with
complete labeling
* Using of second
containment
tanks for
oil collection and
handling
phase the lending banks apply ESMF
* Contractor with
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* General
Directorate of
Roads
* Local
Municipalities
maintenance and
check up
* Costs of providing
appropriate
containers/ second
containment and
labeling
* Improper
disposal of
cleaning up
waste after
construction
completion
Construction
camping,
excavation, and
preparation
locations
* Collecting,
storing and
disposing to
approved disposal
sites, according to
MOE
requirements
* To the extent
possible, reusing,
recycling and
properly
disposing of all
construction
materials
At all times
during
construction
phase
* CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
Contractor with
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* General
Directorate of
Roads
* Local
Municipalities
* Costs associated
with periodic
machinery
maintenance and
check up
* Costs of providing
appropriate
containers/ second
containment and
labeling
* Improper
disposal of
domestic waste
from trade,
industrial and
from working
camps
Construction
camping,
excavation,
trade, industry
and
preparation
locations
* Provision of
garbage bins and
sanitation
facilities. All
toilet facilities
should be located
at least 300m
from
water sources or
existing
residences.
* Educating
workers on site
on waste
handling and
recycling
At all times
during
construction
phase
CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
* Contractor with
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* General
Directorate of
Roads
* Local
Municipalities
* Cost associated
with hocking up
working camps at
available sanitation
networks
* Costs of waste
bins for solid
domestic wastes
* Costs of educating
workers on site
41
concepts
* Construction
equipment wash
off
Construction
camping,
excavation, and
preparation
locations
* Collecting and
disposing
contaminated
water in an
industrial
network or
dumped
into a specialized
landfill.
At all times
during
construction
phase
* CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
Contractor with
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* General
Directorate of
Roads
* Local
Municipalities
* Cost associated
with hocking up
working camps at
available industrial
networks
* Costs of potential
hauling of
waste water to designated M. of Env. And
municipality approved
industrial landfill
Archaeology * Accidental
Discovery
In work sites * Immediate
stoppage of work
should be
performed in case
of accidental
discovery
* Consult with
the General
Department
of Antiquities
should a potential
discovery
occurred
At all times
during
construction
phase
CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
* Contractor in
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* General
Department of
Antiquities
* Costs associated
with stoppage hours
by Contractor
* Costs associated
with manpower and
transportation by
General Department
Antiquities for new
Discoveries
* Potential
change to the
setting and
character of
identified
archaeological
sites due to
landscape
improvement
At work sites * Apply
protection
techniques to the
exposed
archaeological
elements (for
instance, using
cladding
techniques) to
help protect
against dust,
smoke, and fire
* CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
Contractor in
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* General
Department Antiquities
* Costs associated
with applying
protection
techniques (USD per
square meter) and
manpower (hourly
rates in USD) by
Contractor
* Costs of
communication and
transportation to the
site by General
Department of Antiquities
* Potential
damage to the
existing sites
due to heavy
42
machinery
mobilization,
introduction of
vibrational, or
atmospheric
elements
allowing for a
buffering zone
* Keeping equipment and vehicles
within the limits of the initially disturbed
areas during all stages of the project
* Fully and continuously liaising and
coordinating with the Department Antiquities in
all
stages of the project:
* Consult with the Dept. of
Antiquities should loss or
damage to the sites detected
* Contractor in
liaison with
construction
supervisor
and
Bridges
* Potential
damage to the
existing sites
due to heavy
machinery
mobilization,
introduction of
vibrational, or
atmospheric
elements
Across the work
zone
* Keeping
equipment and
vehicles
within the limits
of the initially
disturbed
areas during all
stages of the
project
* Fully and
continuously
liaising and
coordinating with
the General
Dept of
Antiquities in all
stages of the
project:
* Consult with
the General Dept,
of Antiquities
CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
of the lending banks apply
ESMF
* Contractor in
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* General
Dept. of Antiquities
* Costs associated
with providing a
gathering area for
construction vehicles by
Contractor
* Costs of providing
needed maintenance
for construction
vehicles to reduce
noise and smoke
emissions by
Contractor
* Costs of remedy
actions (equipment,
material and
manpower) in case
of loss or damage
* General costs of
communication and
transportation to the
damaged or affected
43
should loss or
damage to the
sites detected
site
* Alteration of
accessibility
roads to the
existing sites
At work Zone * Provide
adequate road
signage along
routes of access
* Provide
adequate
instruction for
site
visitors on
official local
media
* Fully and
continuously
coordinate with
the concerned
local authorities
CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
* Contractor in
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* Local
Municipalities
* Costs of procuring
and installing road
signage
*Costs of periodic
public
announcements on
official media
* Costs associated
with surveillance
visits by local
Municipalities
* General costs of
communication and
coordination
between all parties
* Risk of
looting and
vandalism
At work zones * Surveillance
visits to the sites
should
be conducted by
the relevant
authorities
to reduce any
potential for
looting and
vandalism
* Educate
workers in the
site on the
consequences of
unauthorized
collection
of artifacts
* Conduct public
awareness
campaigns to
increase level of
conservation
responses
CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
* Contractor in
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* General
Dept of
Antiquities
* Ministry of
Tourism and Culture
* Local
Municipalities
* Local public media
* Costs associated
with surveillance
visits (announced
and unannounced)
by the General
Directorate of
Antiquities
and other authorities
* Costs associated
with public
awareness
campaigns by
Ministry of Tourism
and Culture
Summary of the General Mitigation Measures/Guidelines for the Proposed Project during the Operation Phase
Operation Phase (Standard Routine Maintenance Work)
44
Indicator Parameters
to be Mitigated
Location Mitigation
measure (incl
methods
&Equipment)
Frequency Responsibilities (incl. Review &
reporting)
Cost (incl. equipment & individuals
Minor
construction
work
(population
relocation,
involuntary
land
acquisition,
any negative
impacts on
livelihoods
and
construction
resulting in
restriction to
access of
legally
designated
parks and
protected
areas are
prohibited)
Impeding
pedestrian
access without
providing safe
access and
alternative
routing
Privately owned
land
Announcement
Maintenance
work done in
evenings
Informing public
Construction
permits
Once per
week
CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
Municipality, lending banks and
ultimately CBJ
Cost associated with
design improvement
Air Quality
and Noise
* Air
acidification
leading to soil
and
property
degradation
* Air
contamination
by heavy metals
motor
emissions
leading to
poisoning of
living
aspects and
health
impacts to close
populations
* At work Zones * Putting a
national strategy
for the abatement
of air quality
deterioration
associated with
various
developmental
activities
* Formulating
and enforcing
air quality
standards
* Applying onsite
monitoring
procedures
* Promoting
environmentally -
At all times * CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
Ministry of Tourism
and Culture
* Local Municipalities
* Local public media
* Costs associated
with strategy
planning
* Costs of putting
and enforcing
standards
* Costs of onsite
monitoring and
promoting
alternatives
45
* Elevated
noise levels
due to motor
vehicles
using the road
friendly
alternatives
* Enhancement of
air quality
information and
public
awareness
Runoff
pollution and
drainage
* Costs
associated
with strategy
planning
* Costs of
putting
and enforcing
standards
* Costs of
onsite
monitoring and
promoting
alternatives new
road
construction
At work Zones * Monitoring
vehicular
pollutants
* Promoting
clean energy
* Monitoring
affected water
courses and
bodies for quality
* Enforcing
pollution
prevention
regulations
Providing stops
and service
areas with proper
waste
facilities
At all times * CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
Ministry of Tourism
and Culture
* Local Municipalities
* Local public media
* Costs associated
with site and water
monitoring
* Costs associated
with public
awareness
campaigns by
Ministry of Tourism
and Culture
Habitats * Habitat
disturbance
At work Zones * Promoting
ecosystem
conservation
concepts through
conducting public
awareness
campaigns
* Restoring/
Rehabilitating of
damaged habitats
at crossing
and entrances to
the crossing
to the extent
possible
* Site monitoring
by
ecosystem
specialist and
concerned parties
At all times * CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
Environmental
conservation entities
* Local Municipalities
* Official Local media
* Costs associated
with site monitoring
for ensuring
ecosystem integrity
* Costs of
conducting public
awareness
campaigns
* Habitat
fragmentation
(foraging areas)
* Terrestrial
and
aquatic Habitats
pollution
46
Fauna
(wildlife and
livestock)
* Access
prevention of
large and
medium size
mammals to
ecological
requirements
such as
water bodies
and
foraging areas
due to
fencing
At work Zones * Monitoring and
maintaining
paths and
underpasses to
ensure safety and
ease of
movement for
wildlife
* Providing
maintenance to
underpasses
At all times/
seasonal
** CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
Environmental
conservation entities
* Ministry of
Agriculture, local
Municipalities, and
herdsmen and tribal/Bedouins
societies
* Local public media
* Costs of site
monitoring
* Cost associated
with road and
underpass
maintenance
* Costs of
conducting public
awareness
campaigns
* Cost associated
with formulating
regulations and
enforcement * Access
prevention of
Livestock
All along the
work sites
* Monitoring and
maintaining
paths and
underpasses to
ensure safety and
ease of
movement for
wildlife
* Providing
maintenance to
Underpasses
At all times/
seasonal
* Potential
entrapment
of mammals
during
flooding
seasons at
certain sites
* Potential
animal kills
through road
crossing
All along the
work sites
* Monitoring
drainage
structures
At all times/
Seasonal
* Potential
animal and
bird persecution
and/or
hunting
All along the
work sites
* Minimizing
human activities
near crossing
passes to avoid
disturbances to
wildlife using
them
* Putting and
At all times/
Seasonal
47
enforcing
regulations on
animal hunting
activities along
the road
* Promoting
ecosystem
conservation
concepts through
conducting public
awareness
Restoring/
Rehabilitating of
damaged habitats
at crossing
and entrances to
the crossing
to the extent
possible
* Site monitoring
by
ecosystem
specialist and
concerned parties
campaigns
Flora * Increased
potential
of wood cutting
and
vegetation
removal by
road users
Woods and
cultivated areas
in
the closed
proximity
* Minimizing
human activities
in the cultivated
areas around
the new road
* Putting and
enforcing
regulations on
wood cutting
activities along
the road
* Promoting
ecosystem
conservation
concepts through
conducting public
awareness
campaigns
At all times/
seasonal
* CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
Environmental
conservation entities
* Ministry of
Agriculture
* Local Municipalities
* Local public media
Costs of site monitoring
* Costs of
conducting public
awareness
campaigns
* Cost associated
with formulating
regulations and
enforcement
48
Waste
Management
* Improper
disposal of
domestic wastes
in
parking and
service
areas
* Improper
discharge
of hazardous
wastes
(spills of
vehicular oil
and fuel)
* Generation of
byproduct
wastes like
shredded tires
* Parking and
service areas
along
the new
highway
* All along the
work zone
* Providing
appropriate bins
in
parking and
service areas
along the road
* Adopting a
recycling system
in parking and
service areas
for recyclable
materials like,
plastic containers,
paper and
cardboard, cans,
and glass
* Using
appropriate waste
containing and
collecting
system for
hazardous wastes
(used oil and fuel
spills)
* Promoting good
practice
through
conducting public
awareness
campaigns
At all times * CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
Local Municipalities
* Local public media
* Costs of procuring
bins for domestic
waste and
recyclables
* Costs associated
with the proper
design of hazardous
waste collection
system
* Cost of conducting
awareness
campaigns on
littering and
recycling concepts
Archaeology Alteration of
accessibility
roads to
the work sites
Archaeological
sites lying
within 5
km buffering
zone
* Providing
adequate road
signage along
routes of access
for visitors
* Providing
adequate
instruction for
site visitors on
official local
media
* Establishing a
visitors'
complaint system
* Fully and
At all times * CBJ responsible for the
safeguards and social capacity
implementation and to ensure that
the lending banks apply ESMF
General Directorate
of Antiquities
* Ministry of Tourism
and Culture
* Local Municipalities
* Local public media
* Costs of periodic
public
announcements on
public media
* Costs associated
with surveillance
visits by local
Municipalities
* Costs of
implementing a
visitors' complaint
system
* Regular costs of
communication and
coordination
49
continuously
coordinating with
the
concerned local
authorities
between concerned
parties
50
Table (5) Summary of the Monitoring Program for the Proposed Project during the Construction and Operation Phases Indicator Parameters to be
Mitigated
Location Measurement
(incl methods &
Equipment)
Frequency Responsibilities
(incl. Review &
reporting)
Cost (incl.
equipment &
individuals
Key
Performance
Indicator
(KPI)
Summary of the General Mitigation Measures/guidelines for the Proposed Project during the Construction Phase
Land Use (population
relocation,
involuntary land
acquisition, any
negative
impacts on
livelihoods and
construction
resulting in
restriction to
access of legally
designated
parks and
protected areas
are prohibited)
* Loss of use of
farming lands
* Loss of private lands
* Limited to
agricultural lands
* Limited to privately
owned
lands
* Limited to
privately owned
agricultural
lands
* No
compensations
are budgeted for ,
land acquisitions
will not be
permitted
* Official
reporting
from the field
* Collecting
feedback/
complaints from
land owners,
users/farmers,
and
public by means
of
complaints
system
at Municipalities
At all times * CBJ responsible
for the safeguards
and social capacity
implementation and
to ensure that the
lending banks
apply ESMF
* General
with liaison
with relevant
ministries and lands
Directorate
(surveyors,
reporters, and
higher
management)
* General
Directorates of
Agriculture
(surveyors,
reporters, and
higher
management)
* Farmers
associations
* Real estate
associations
No
Compensation
cost
* Cost of field
investigations
* Cost of
communication
with affected
people and other
stakeholders,
including the
establishment of
a
complaints
system
* Costs
associated
with furnishing
field reports and
reviewing
* Increase in
number of
comments
responded to
* Decrease in
number of
annual
complaints
received
* Enhanced
productivity
measurements
Economic
Disruption
(Disturbance to
demography
and
loss of
employment
opportunities)
(population
relocation,
* Disturbance of
private
businesses
* Small and
medium
commercial and
industrial
private
enterprises
* Localities in
the close
proximity to the
activity*
* Evasion of g
loss of income
* Engaging
affected people in
the
development
process
Quarterly * CBJ responsible
for the safeguards
and social capacity
implementation and
to ensure that the
lending banks
apply ESMF
General
liaison
with relevant entities
Cost associated
with
hiring process
*Cost associated
with conducting
surveillance
visits
for both
demographic
research and
* Increased
number of local
workers hired
in the project
* Increase in
number of
comments
responded to
* Decrease in
number of
* Disturbance to
demography and
loss of
* Giving priority
in hiring to local
Population*
51
involuntary land
acquisition, any
negative
impacts on
livelihoods and
construction
resulting in
restriction to
access of legally
designated
parks and
protected areas
are prohibited)
employment
opportunities
Localities in
the close
proximity to the
new highway
* Working
camps and
construction
preparation
areas
Conducting
demographic
surveys for the
population in the
close proximity,
and
furnishing reports
* Conducting site
inspections to
workers camps
* Running a
complaints
system
* Chambers of
Industry and
Commerce
* Contractor with
liaison with
construction
supervisor and
Ministry of labor
* Representatives
of Department of
Statistics
* Representatives
of labor
department
labor
annual
complaints
received
Visual
Impact
(Landscape
* Visual impact
due to
construction
machinery
movements and
preparation sites
for construction
* Efficiency of
Fencing around
construction sites
* Quantity of
trees planted in
the areas of
proximity to
population
centers,
* Amount of
incorporating
landscaping and
structural
elements
* Degree of visual
change
*particularly
affected
population
centers
* Construction
sites
* Well fencing
construction sites
with
barriers that
would improve
the visual
aspects.
* Planting trees
in the areas of
proximity
to population
centers
* Incorporating
landscaping and
structural
elements in the
affected areas
* Applying
Housekeeping
procedures at
construction sites
* Site
surveillance
(furnishing
reports)
* Interviews with
affected people
* Running a
complaints
system
Quarterly * Contractor with
liaison with
construction
supervisor and
Ministry of
Environment
* Equivalent to
planting trees
along
with labor
needed
* Cost associated
with
incorporating
environmentally
friendly
landscaping
elements
* Cost of
applying
housekeeping
procedures and
best
practices
(included
in the contractor
fee)
* Costs
associated
with conducting
surveillance
visits
and collecting
feedback from
public
* Increase of
Positive public
compliance
* Increase in
number of
comments
responded to
* Decrease in
number of
annual
complaints
received
52
Air Quality
and Noise
* Introduction
of diseases
especially
respiratory
diseases through
dust and gas
emissions
* Elevated
levels of noise
causing hearing
problems to residents,
workers as well
as affected
people
* Soiling and
degradation of
visibility
* Acidification
by gas
emissions,
causing adverse
impacts on soil,
property,
vegetation,
animal, and all
living aspects
* Noise levels
* Degree of using
protective gear
* * Obligation to
applying best
practices and
housekeeping
* affected
population
centers
* Construction
preparation sites
* Performing
preventative and
corrective
maintenance to
construction
machinery
* Using
protective gear
suitable for
protecting against
dust, gas, and
noise
emissions
* Spraying
surfaces of high
soiling and
dust generation
rates.
* Municipal and
public health
agencies
monitoring of
ambient gas, dust
and noise
emissions and
ensuring
compliance with
local and
international
emission
thresholds
* Scheduling
working hours,
transportation
activities, and
machinery
mobilizations
within day hours
* Educating
workers on best
practices
and
housekeeping
* Continuously
liaising with
Quarterly * Contractor with
liaison with
construction
supervisor and
Ministry of
Environment
* Costs
associated
with preventative
and corrective
maintenance of
construction
machinery
* Cost of
monitoring air
parameters
including noise
levels (estimated
at
annually 25,000
USD assuming
equipment are
available, if not,
cost may reach
75,000 USD)
* Cost associated
with monitoring
compliance with
using protective
gear and
housekeeping in
the working site
(included in the
contractor's and
supervisor's fees)
* Costs
associated
with monitoring
spraying events
(included in the
contractor's fee)
* Keeping
pollutant
concentrations
within
threshold limits
* Increase in
number of
comments
responded to
* Decrease in
number of
annual
complaints
received
53
concerned
parties for major
activities, and
ensuring
effectiveness of
complaints and
communication
channels for
grievances
Runoff
Pollution
* Alteration to
land drainage
and addition to
watercourse
crossings
* Avoidance of
working in wet
weathers
* Water quality
water
bodies (Chemical
and Biological
parameters)
*Waterways
along
, and
downstream
agricultural
lands
* Construction
sites and
draining
formations
* Surrounding
plains
* Creeks, water
bodies, and
shallow
groundwater
* Site
surveillance
(furnishing
reports)
* Physical
inspection of
drainage
formations
along the
construction sites
* Water quality
Standard
Operating
Procedures
(SOPs)
and provision of
testing equipment
Quarterly for
water quality
and drainage
monitoring
Contractor with
continuous liaison
with:
* Construction
supervisor,
* Ministries of
Agriculture, M of
Environment ,and
Water and Irrigation
* Costs
associated
with preventative
works(included
in the
contractor's fee)
* Costs of site
and
water resources
monitoring
* Costs
associated
with site visits
* No
significant
change in
watercourse
observed
* Keeping
pollutant
concentrations
within
threshold limits
54
Habitats * Degree and
magnitude of
habitat pollution
due to
construction
activities
* Degree of
workers
perception
towards
ecosystem
conservation
* Site restoration
after work
completion
All along the
construction
camping,
excavation, and
preparation
locations*
*Acknowledged
fragile habitats
in a proximity
of
the construction
site
* Surveillance
visits
*Furnishing
field reports &
Inspection visits
to the affected
habitat sites.
* Periodic
evaluation
(ongoing
competency) of
workers on
ecosystem
conservation
At all times
during
construction
phase
* Periodic, for
evaluating
workers
* Contractor with
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* Environment
conservation entities
* Liaison and
communication
costs
* Costs
associated
with site
monitoring
* Cost of
conducting site
inspection and
associated
reporting and
review
* Costs of
educating
workers
on the ecosystem
conservation
* Costs of site
restoration after
work completion
*No Habitat destruction will be
allowed
* Affected
habitat restored
to its original
state with prevailing penalties
* Workers
evaluation
passed
regarding
ecosystem
conservation
Site restoration after work is
completed (all borne by the
contractor)
Fauna
(wildlife and
livestock)
* Blockage of
animal
movement
between their
habitats
*In farm and
pasture lands,
woods and
forests
*Certain sites of
Waterway
* Construction
sites
* Endangered
sites
* Site
surveillance
and incident
reports
* Amount of
constructions
supporting
animal
movement and
protection
* Periodic
evaluation
(ongoing
competency) of
workers on
ecosystem
conservation
*At all times
during
construction
phase
* Periodic, for
evaluating
workers
* Contractor in
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* Environmental
conservation entities
* Liaison and
communication
costs
* Costs
equivalent to
researches and
mapping
* Costs
associated
with site
monitoring
* Costs
associated
with workers
education
* Decrease in
number of
incidents
reported
* Increase in
number of
comments
responded to
* Decrease in
number of
annual
complaints
received
* Entrapment of
mammals
during flooding
seasons at
certain sites due
to water pattern
alteration
* Animal
persecution due
to increased
access to remote
areas
55
Flora * Destruction
&fragmentation of
vegetation cover
* Tree-cutting rate
* Direct signs of tree
destruction
* Direct signs of
vegetation
fragmentation and
alteration
At construction
locations
* Vegetation
sites of special
concern
* Mapping and
identifying
affected
species
* Periodic
evaluation of
workers on
ecosystem
conservation
At all times
during
construction
phase
* Periodic, for
evaluating
workers
* Contractor in
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* Environmental
conservation entities
* Liaison and
communication
costs
* Costs
equivalent to
researches and
mapping
* Costs
associated
with site
monitoring
* Costs
associated
with workers
education
* Decrease in
number of
incidents
reported
* Increase in
number of
comments
responded to
* Decrease in
number of
annual
complaints
received
Waste
Management
* Spills of solid
and liquid waste
from
construction
machinery and
vehicles
* Degree of spill
pollution due to
construction and
hazardous waste
improper disposal
in the site
* Degree of
domestic solid
waste improper
disposal
* Degree of
improper
discharge of
machinery
washoff
* Availability and
suitability of
dumpsters
All along the
Construction,
camping, sites
excavation, and
preparation
locations
* Confining
vehicle
maintenance and
refueling to areas
in construction
camps
designed to
contain spilled
lubricants and
fuels
* Using of
special containers
with
complete labeling
* Using of
second
containment
tanks for
oil collection and
handling
* Construction
site
inspection
* Provision and
continuous
review
of onsite waste
management
system
* Provision of
At all times
during
construction
phase
* Continuous
for site
inspection and
availability of
dumpsters
* Periodic for
Waste
management
system review
* Contractor with
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* General
Directorate of
Roads
* Local
Municipalities and
Ministry of
Environment and M,
of Health
* Costs
associated
with periodic
machinery
maintenance and
check up
* Costs of
providing
appropriate
containers/
second
containment and
labeling
* Costs of
providing
appropriate
dumpsters,
hazardous waste
containers, and
recycling bins
* Costs
associated
with site
inspections
* Costs
associated
with adopting a
sound waste
management
system onsite
* Decrease in
number of
spillage
incidents
reported
* Increase in
preventative
actions taken
* Decrease in
corrective
actions
performed
56
appropriate
dumpsters,
hazardous waste
containers, and
recycling bins
including
periodic
review
Archaeology * Accidental
Discovery
* Stoppage of
work (procedures)
In work sites
* Immediate
stoppage of work
should be
performed in case
of accidental
discovery
* Consult with
the General
Department
of Antiquities
should a potential
discovery
occurred
*Weekly site
visits
* Periodic/
annual for
reviewing
stoppage
procedures
for site
inspection
*Weekly
vibration
measurement
* Contractor in
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* General
Department of
Antiquities
* Costs
associated
with stoppage
hours
by Contractor
* Costs
associated
with manpower
and
transportation by
General
Department
Antiquities for
new
discoveries
* Decrease in
number of
accidental
discovery
* Potential
change to the
setting and
character of
identified
archaeological
sites due to
landscape
improvement
At work sites
and in particular
near Sites of
cultural value
and identified
archaeological
sites under
direct
effect
* Apply
protection
techniques to the
exposed
archaeological
elements (for
instance, using
cladding
techniques) to
help protect
against dust,
smoke, and fire
* Furnishing
inspection reports
* Contractor in
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* General
Department
Antiquities
* Costs
associated
with applying
protection
techniques (USD
per
square meter)
and
manpower
(hourly
rates in USD) by
Contractor
* Costs of
communication
and
transportation to
the
site by General
Department of
Antiquities
for site
inspection
* Cost associated
with monitoring
57
by
contractor
(embedded with
contract) and
antiquities
department
* Potential
damage to the
existing sites
due to heavy
machinery
mobilization,
introduction of
vibrational, or
atmospheric
elements
*Across the
work zone
** Sites of
cultural value
and identified
archaeological
sites
* Conducting site
inspections and
furnishing reports
on any noticeable
damage
* Contractor in
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* General
Dept. of Antiquities
* Cost of site
inspection by
contractor
(included in the
contractor's fee)
and antiquities
department
* Cost of
monitoring
vibration levels
(included in the
contractor's fee)
* Decrease in
number of
damages
reported
* Alteration of
accessibility
roads to the
existing sites
At work Zone
* Access routes
to existing
archaeological
sites and places
of cultural value
* Measuring
feedback from
site
visitors through
running
complaints
system
* Conducting site
inspections and
furnishing reports
on any
accessibility
issues
* Contractor in
liaison with
construction
supervisor
* Local
Municipalities
* Costs of
procuring
and installing
road
signage
*Costs of
periodic
public
announcements
on
official media
* Costs
associated
with surveillance
visits by local
Municipalities
* General costs
of
communication
and
coordination
between all
parties
* Increase in
number of
comments
responded to
* Decrease in
number of
annual
complaints
received
* Risk of
looting and
vandalism
At work zones * Conducting site
inspections and
furnishing reports
* Contractor in
liaison with
construction
* Costs
associated
with surveillance
* Decrease in
number of
looting and
58
on any incidents supervisor
* General
Dept of
Antiquities
* Ministry of
Tourism and Culture
* Local
Municipalities
* Local public media
visits
(announced
and
unannounced)
by the General
Directorate of
Antiquities
and other
authorities
* Costs
associated
with public
awareness
campaigns by
Ministry of
Tourism
and Culture
vandalism
incidents
Summary of the General Mitigation Measures/guidelines for the Proposed Project during the Operation Phase
Operation Phase (Standard routine Maintenance work)
Indicator Parameters to be
Mitigated
Location Mitigation
measure (incl
methods
&Equipment)
Frequency Responsibilities
(incl. Review &
reporting)
Cost (incl.
equipment &
individuals
Key
Performance
Indicator
(KPI)
Socio economy
(population
relocation,
involuntary
land
acquisition,
any negative
impacts on
livelihoods and
construction
resulting in
restriction to
access of
legally
designated
parks and
protected areas
are prohibited)
* Impeding land access
Work sites Site surveillance
reports
* Interviews with
farmers,
Bedouins,
herdsmen,
residents
* Running a
complaints
system
Monthly for
site
surveillance
* Annual for
interviews
* Continuous
for running
complaints
system
** CBJ responsible
for the safeguards
and social capacity
implementation and
to ensure that the
lending banks
apply ESMF
NGOs, Farmers
associations
* municipalities
* Statistical
departments
Cost associated
with
conducting
surveillance
visits
* Costs of
interviews and
analyzing
feedback
* Costs
associated
with running a
complaints
system
* Increase in
number of
comments
responded to
* Decrease in
number of
annual
complaints
received
Air Quality
and Noise
* Number of incidents
of connected
respiratory diseases
* Population
centers down
wind of the
* Studying
National health
records of
* Annual
survey for the
health records
* CBJ responsible
for the safeguards
and social capacity
* Costs of
conducting
annual
* Decrease in
number of
respiratory
59
* Concentrations of
heavy metals, NOx,
SOx, and VOCs
missions
* Noise levels
work Zones respiratory
connected
diseases
* Measuring
concentrations of
air parameters
and
noise levels using
monitoring
calibrated
equipment and
appropriate
monitoring
methods
* Study
Monthly
monitoring
reports for
the air
pollutants and
noise levels
implementation and
to ensure that the
lending banks
apply ESMF
* Local
Municipalities
* Local public media
* M. Of Health
health surveys
* Cost of
monitoring
air parameters
including noise
levels (estimated
at
annually 25,000
USD assuming
equipment are
available, if not,
cost
may reach
75,000
USD)
connected
diseases
* Keeping
pollutant
concentrations
within
threshold limits
* Increase in
number of
comments
responded to
* Decrease in
number of
annual
complaints
received
Runoff
pollution and
drainage
* Physical evidence of
flood events
* Water quality in
creeks and water
bodies (Chemical and
Biological parameters)
* Water quality of
shallow groundwater
(Chemical and
Biological parameters)
At work Zones
Surrounding
creeks, valleys,
watercourses,
Dams, and
shallow
groundwater
* Grab sampling
techniques
* Field testing
equipment
* Laboratory
testing equipment
and accredited
testing
procedures
Monthly for
quality
monitoring
* Seasonally
for physical
inspection to
drainage and
floods
* * CBJ responsible
for the safeguards
and social capacity
implementation and
to ensure that the
lending banks
apply ESMF
Ministry of Tourism
and Culture
* Local
Municipalities
* Local public media
Cost of
collecting
and performing
chemical and
biological testing
*Cost of
collecting
and performing
chemical and
biological testing
* Decrease in
number of flood
occurrences
* Keeping
pollutant
concentrations
within
threshold limits
Habitats Ecosystem integrity At work Zones
Endangered
that may have
habitats
Site inspection
and
comparison with
recorded original
status, furnishing
reports
Seasonal
* CBJ responsible
for the safeguards
and social capacity
implementation and
to ensure that the
lending banks
apply ESMF
* Environmental
conservation entities
* Local
Municipalities
* Official Local
media
*Royal Society for
the Conservation of
Nature
* Costs
associated
with site
monitoring
for ensuring
ecosystem
integrity
* Costs of
conducting
public
awareness
campaigns and
reporting
* Affected
habitat kept in
its original state
60
Fauna
(wildlife and
livestock)
* Blockage/entrapment
incidents (wildlife and
livestock)
* Kills and hunting
incidents
At work Zones
* Passage and
crossing points
* Field
surveillance to
drainage and
crossing points
and
furnishing reports
* Reporting on
Fauna killings
and
hunting
* Periodic for
field
surveillances
to drainage
* * CBJ responsible
for the safeguards
and social capacity
implementation and
to ensure that the
lending banks
apply ESMF
Environmental
conservation entities
* Ministry of
Agriculture, local
Municipalities, and
herdsmen and
tribal/Bedouins
societies
* Local public media
Costs of
surveillance
visits
* Decrease in
number of
incidents
reported
Flora Vegetation removal
and wood cutting
Sites with
special concern
and woods
Site inspection
and
comparison with
recorded original
status, furnishing
reports
seasonal ** CBJ responsible
for the safeguards
and social capacity
implementation and
to ensure that the
lending banks
apply ESMF
* Environmental
conservation entities
* Ministry of
Agriculture
* Local
Municipalities
* Local public media
Costs associated
with site
inspection
and furnishing
reports
* Affected
vegetation kept
in its original
state
* Increase in
number of trees
planted
Waste
Management
* Usage of recycling
bins and dumpsters in
parking and service
areas
* Public perception and
acceptance to recycling
measures
* All along the
work zone
* Site inspection
and furnishing
field reports
* Interviewing
road users and
services shops
owners, and
using
media adds
(questionnaires
could be used as
well
* Monthly for
site
inspections
* Periodic for
interviews and
using media
adds
* CBJ responsible
for the safeguards
and social capacity
implementation and
to ensure that the
lending banks
apply ESMF
*Local
Municipalities
* Local public media
* Cost of
conducting
site inspections
and
furnishing
reports
* Costs of
interviewing
road
users
* Media cost of
conducting
awareness
campaigns on
littering and
* Increase in
number of
positive reports
from the field
61
recycling
concepts
Archaeology * Availability of access
roads to the
archaeological sites
and associated
facilitation
* Satisfaction degree
for visitors to the
archaeological sites
and provided
facilitation
* Access roads
to the
archaeological
sites
* Site inspection
and furnishing
field reports
* Interviewing
site
visitors and
collecting
feedback
through
complaints
system (field
questionnaires
could be used)
* Using media
campaigns
* Monthly for
site
inspections
* Periodic for
interviews and
using media
adds
* CBJ responsible
for the safeguards
and social capacity
implementation and
to ensure that the
lending banks
apply ESMF
*General Directorate
of Antiquities
* Ministry of
Tourism
and Culture
* Local
Municipalities
* Local public media
* Costs
associated
with regular site
inspections
* Costs of
collecting
feedback from
sites
visitors and
running
a complaints
system
* Costs of design
and
implementation
of media adds
* Increase in
number of
comments
responded to
* Decrease in
number of
annual
complaints
received
62
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