The Industrial Revolution Chap 19-25
The Industrial Revolution
� begins in Britain
� strong impact on economics, politics, and society
� Industrialization—move to machine production of goods
Why Great Britain? � Flow of capital!� Second agricultural revolution!� Mercantilism and cottage industries!� Resources: coal, iron ore, and water power!
Inventions and Industrialization
� Begins in Britain
� Factories—buildings that contain machinery for manufacturing
� Replaces Cottage Industries
� James Watt “Father of Industrial Revolution” � Improvements on steam engines
� Lead to powering trains and ships
� Eli Whitney – Cotton Gin
� Thomas Edison – Electric Light Bulb
� Samuel FB Morse – Telegraph
� Alexander Graham Bell – Telephone
Effects of the Industrial Revolution
� Urbanization – Movement of people from rural farm areas to cities
� JOBS!
� Lower costs of products due to mass production
� Population Growth
� Improvements in transportation
� Overcrowding in Cities
� Labor Unions
� Higher Standard of Living
� POLLUTION!
Economics and the Industrial Revolution
� Capitalism—system of privately owned businesses seeking profits
� Socialism—factors of production owned by, operated for the people
� Communism - Karl Marx—German philosopher � Wrote Communist Manifesto � Haves and the Have-notes � Communism: Small, elite group own production of
goods in a country
Building a German Empire
� Otto von Bismark becomes chancellor of Germany
� Kaiser (leader) William I of Prussia � Unite and rule together as 2 of the most powerful men in Europe � Unifies as a German states � Birth of the second Reich
� Germany becomes an industrial leader in Europe
� Bismark had funded largest army in Europe, built a strong navy, increased German nationalism
� Nationalism: Extreme pride in a country (or nation)
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