THE BACKGROUND OF

“ SUMPANG BITA “SENIOR HIGH

SCHOOL 2 PANGKAJENE

CREATED BY GROUP 1 (Doko-doko Cangkuling)

Muh Azwar Usman

Fitriani Kadir

Naimah B

Nurul Ilmi

Nurhidayah Hasan

IntroductionCave pictures are on from of human culture found In old sites of dwelling

caves of the pre-historical time. Cave pictures can be said to be universal in nature

because they are found almost every where in the world, including Indonesia. One

form or object of picture frequently found is hand stencils. In Indonesian, beside

Kalimantan, Jayapura but also in the South Sulawesi, especially in the Pangkep regency.

Twelve caves in the Pangkep are studied where 326 hand. The hand part, orientation,

hand side, number of fingers, size, color, and context are analyzed. the analysis reveals

a pattern of hand palms of adults with upward orientation. The analysis also reveals a

pattern of hand palms that are brown in color, randomly, arranged, with in the context

of pictures of other hands.

The picture of the caves is product from culture of human in the later

period or pre-history. The picture is made in cave or rockshelter and it from in

Paleolitikum until Mesolitikum. Why the picture there are in caves or

rockshelter? Because the human example Megantrophus or homo erectus ever

live in the thats cave.

In Pangkep regency there are many caves example Sumpang Bita,

Batang Lammara, Bulu Sumi, Camingkana, Cumi Lantang, Garunggung, Kassi,

Lompoa, Pattenungan, Sakapo, Saluka, Sassang, etc.But, in the our presentation,

we want to explain specially about Sumpang Bita caves. In Sumpang Bita Caves

there are many picture. And top picture is palm of hand. It mean of palm of

hands is pictures used negative step. And negative step is extend the fingers and

than syringed used sirih leaves.

THE BACKGROUND OF SUMPANG BITA

Sumpang Bita at Balocci district Pangkep Regency. Sumpang Bita has 2 word. Sumpang

and Bita. Sumpang meaning the door of the caves and Bita is the name of the village. Why the

Sumpang Bita is made? Because Sumpang bita has function. And the one of the function is

unifier in Toala ethnic and Bugis and Makassar ethnic. Sumpang Bita is find by Frarels Sarain

dan Paul Sarasin after find leang-leang caves in Maros Regency. And they find that’s cave, the

condition or situation didn’t have stairs. So, they just climbed.

The later period, Leang-leang, Bosowa, Bulu saraung, Bulu sumi, and Sumpang Bita is

one mountain. But, in now the mountain is pieced so, the Sumpang Bita and leang-leang is

separated.

Sumpang Bita more nice than other caves in Pangkep regency for learning.

For Believing Look at The Table

From the table we can conclude Sumpang Bita cave have picture more other caves in

Pangkep regency.

But, in the book of Sumpang Bita is explained about it. So, read the next slide.

No Cave Totally Pictures

1 Bulu Sumi 9

2 Sumpang Bita 81

3 Kassi 9

4 Lompoa 2

5 Batang Lamara 10

6 Cumi Lantang 47Total 158

The cave at in Bita village in Sub

district Balocci baru, district Balocci in

Pangkep Regency. According to the astrnomy

04 54 58 LS and 119 34 57 BT. The high from

sea is 200 M, at from office of Sub district (5

km), from office of district (7 km) and from

city of Pangkep regency (12 km). At the cave

of Sumpang Bita there are some rooms.

Namely room’s A (wide= 9 m, high = 5 m,

length = 25 m), room’s B (wide = 7,5 m, high =

3 m, length = 16 m) and room’s C (wide = 3 m,

high = 2,5 m, length = 6 m ). But also, there is

Bulu Sumi cave.

LOCATION OF SUMPANG BITA

The Discription Sumpang Bita Cave

The measuring mouth of caves is high 10 M, wide 14.5 M. In the edge of Sumpang Bita there pool. In the cave find some picture consist of palm of old human hand (37) palm of young human hand (16) palm of foot (2) deer (1) pig (1) boat. So, the total picture are 69. (source in the book of “cerita rakyat kabupaten Pangkep”.

THE HUMAN OF SUMPANG BITA AND BULU SUMI CAVE

The Human of the caves is Toale Ethnic. The Toale ethnic is very outlying

than the other ethnic example Bugis and Makassar and live in forest. They live

with colony 5-10 human. They used food gathering and food production and

sometime live like nomaden (not constant). The dress made from skin wood.

They live very simple and according to the nature and have simple

religion. For example belief soul (animisme and dinamisme). Because there are

many pictures cave so, we can learning the religion of the human. The color of

picture is red. Why the color is read? Because in his religion red is the logo of

strong for to avoid bad soul.

THE CONNECTED SUMPANG BITA CAVE, BULU SUMI CAVE, AND THE

POOLThe connected is one certain and we can’t separationed that, bacause

there some dependence. So, read the following explaining.

҉@ Bulu Sumi caves

In the cave find kjokkomoddinger (kitchen brush consist

of cockle and the food of ancient human and for proof is

there piece in tip the cockle. But also find arrow etc and

can give information about Bulu Sumi is operational cave

for find and execute the food.

҉@ Sumpang Bita cave

In the cave find picture’s cave and kjokkomoddinger is not

find in the caves. And the cave we can’t said about that’s

operational caves because there are many picture so, we

can said the function of the cave’s ceremony places.

And the fingers sliced 3 it’s mean token to the girl

becauise the husband is dead. And there are picture of

animal because the mean token for hope his prey can

more. For example anoa. They live in bulu sumi caves

and if they would ceremony they go to the Sumpang

Bita caves. And if they take a bath, take water go to

the pool. And one boat it’s mean the vehicle when

they find his cave. Because the later period the caves

behind in the sea.

How about the pool?

The function of the pool is place of

ancient human for take water in needed.

Why there are one thousand ladder

(tangga seribu) ?

Because there are activity the ethnic.

And his trail with nature make road. For

easy go to the caves the govermant

make the ladder. And why there one

thousand? Because in the religion of

Toale, one thousand is highest.

Picture In Sumpang Bita Cave

Some Slogan In Sumpang Bita

Slogan Is Broken

CONCLUSION

• According to the location, Sumpang Bita is ceremony

places of the Toala ethnic. And the Bulu Sumi is a place

for live the Toala ethnic and the pool is a facility to take

water.

• Sumpang bita is more nice than other caves in Pangkep

Regency.

• In there has 2 caves, Sumpang Bita and Bulu sumi caves.