Thaisa Storchi Bergmann Instituto de Física, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
-600
[Fe II] and H2
-520
N
E
-440
Far side
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-280 -200 -120 -40
40 120 200 280
�2
�1 0 1 2
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�1
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360 440 520 600
Inflows
Outflows Stellar Population
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
Thaisa Storchi Bergm annRogem ar A. RiffelRogério RiffelDinalva A. SalesJaderson Schim oiaDaniel Ruschell DutraAllan Schnorr Müller Guilherm e CoutoAstor Schönell Jr.Marlon DinizCarine BrumHekateline CarpesIzabel FreitasNatacha Z. DamettoFausto K. B. BarbosaBruno Dall’Agnol de OliveiraMarina BianchinNicolas D. MallmannJanaína NascimentoLuis Gabriel Dahmer HahnJohan Marques+Luis Colina Robledo (CAB, CSIC)Richard Davies (MPE)Andrew Robinson (RIT)Davide Lena (RIT)Martin Elvis (CfA)
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
§ Occur in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN): fundamental phase in galaxy evolution
§ Why? SMBH growth connected to galaxy growth ->
§ How? Feeding and feedback of SMBH – needed to reproduce gal. lum. function
Madau & Dickinson 2014:
Black: SFR
Red: SM BH growth x 3,300
J. Silk:
Optical: GMOS IFU§ FOV: 3.5”x5” or 5”x7”§ Sampling 0.2” § PSF ~ 0.6” § R~2500
Near-IR NIFS + ALTAIR¡ FOV: 3” x 3”¡ Sampling: 0.04”�0.1”¡ PSF ~ 0.1”¡ R~5500, Z, J, H, K
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
¡ Gemini NIFS survey of feeding and feedback in nearby active galaxies: Brazilian LLP2 – 29 AGN -with log(Lx)>41.5 and closer than z=0.015 (Riffel+18)
¡ Ionised gas kinematics in local active galaxies using GMOS-IFU: local sample of 24 AGN (Ruschel-Dutra+18; poster by Gabriel Souza dos Santos);
¡ Follow up of MaNGA SDSS-IV AGN studies (Riffel+18, Wylezalek+17): presentation by JanainaNascimento
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
HST F606W images of inner kpc(Simões Lopes+07, Malkan 98) :
§ Dusty nuclear spirals in all early-type AGN;
§ But in only 25% of control
sample;
-> Nuclear spirals correlated with AGN: channels to feed the SMBH (Maciejewski 04, van de Ven & Fathi 10;
Piñol-Ferrer+12; Hopkins+Quataert 10)
active non-active active non-active
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
§ Sa, LINER/Seyfert 1
§ 0.7 kpc x 1 kpc
§ Nuclear spiral
§ 0.6”=60 pc
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
§ Stellar kinematics from absorption spectra (pPxf, Cappellari & Emsellem2004)
§ Gas kinematics from emission lines
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
§ Stellar velocity field: rotation
§ Gas velocity field: rotation + distortions correlated to spiral arms in structure map:
blueshifts in the far side and redshifts in the near side -> inflow if gas in the plane
§ Mass inflow rate: 0.4 M¤yr-1 ; similar case: NGC1667: 2.4 M¤yr-1 (Schnorr-Müller+17)
Gas kinematics Stellar kinematics
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
§ SO, Sy 2
§ FOV= 450 pc x 450 pc
§ 0.1”=15 pc
§ Gas kinematics: H2
§ Stellar kinematics: CO
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
Far
Near
§ Stellar velocity field: rotation
§ H2 velocity field: rotation + inflows + compact outflow
§ Warm (2000K) H2 mass ≈ 1400 M¤;
§ Warm H2: heated “skin” of cold gas; Cold H2 mass (Dale+05, Mazzalay +12) ~ 108-9 M¤
§ Warm H2 mass inflow rate ≈ 4 x 10-4
M¤ yr-1; estimated cold: > 1 M¤ yr-1
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
NGC1097 – nuclear spiral: Fathi+06
NGC6951 – nuclear spiral: Storchi-Bergmann+07
NGC4051 – nuclear spiral: Riffel+08
NGC7582 – inflow from nuclear ring: Riffel+09
M81 – nuclear spiral: Schnorr Müller+11
Mrk1066 – nuclear spiral + compact disk: Riffel+11
Mrk79 – nuclear spiral + compact disk: Riffel+13
Mrk766 – compact H2 disk: Shönell+14
NGC3081 – nuclear bar: Schorr Müller+16
NGC1358 – nuclear spiral: Schnorr Müller+18
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
Ionised gas HII: § HII more concentrated near the nucleus
and along ionization axis: HI rapidlyabsorbs ionizing photons
§ HII masses: (0.03-4.4)x106M¤; surface
density ΣHII=0.2-36 M¤ pc-2
Warm molecular gas H2:§ H2: more uniform and extended: X-rays
penetrate the galactic plane in alldirections -> heat molecular gas
§ H2 masses: (0.05-3)x103M¤; surface density ΣH2=(0.2-14)x10-3 M¤ pc-2
§ Inflows in nuclear spirals, bars and disks, observed in H+ and H2; capture of dwarf companion (Fischer+15);
§ Inflow velocities: ~ 50-100 km/s;
§ Inflow rates: ~0.1 – few M¤yr-1 : 102-103 times the AGN accretion rate;
§ Total H+ masses in inner kpc ~ 105 - 108 M¤
§ Warm H2 masses: ~103 M¤; in cold H2: estimated 107-9 M¤(e.g. ALMA)
Øco-evolution: SMBH at 10-3 M¤yr-1 and galaxy at 1 M¤yr-1
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
§ NLRG, Sy 2
§ 0.6”= 700 pc
§ Extended [OIII] emission not aligned with radio jet (45deg)
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
§ High σ around the nucleus: 2
kinematic components:
(1) Broad, perp. to radio jet ->
outflow: lateral expansion?
(1) Narrow, extended -> rotation
§ Total gas mass: 4.1 ± 1.7 x 108 M¤
§ Mass outflow rate: ~0.1 M¤ yr-1
§ Outflow power: ~0.1% LAGN
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
[Fe II] flux [Fe II] σ
§ Sab pec, Sy 2, 2 radio blobs
§ 1”= 175 pc
§ High σ perp. radio axis: double lines; also in two radio blobs
§ Lower sigma elsewhere
§ Gas counter rotating relative to the stars
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
§ Rotation + equatorial outflow
§ Lateral expansion due to radio jet?
§ Mass outflow rate:~ 0.4 M¤ yr-1
§ HII mass: 1.3 ± 0.2 x 106 M¤
§ Warm H2 mass: 471 ± 58 M¤
Outflow
rotation
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
§ Sb, Seyfert 2
§ 500 pc x 500 pc
¡ 0.1”= 7 pc
¡ [FeII], J and H-band: bi-polar (bicome)
¡ H2: 100 pc off-centered ringD as e t a l. 2 0 0 6
HST [OIII]
[Fe II]: patchy outflow § Velocities up to 800 km/s§ Mass outflow rate: 4± 1 M¤ yr-1
§ Outflow power: ~0.1% LAGN
H2 ring: rotation+ expansion in the plane
§ -200 km/s < v < +200 km/s
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
-600
[Fe II] and H2
-520
N
E
-440
Far side
-360
-280 -200 -120 -40
40 120 200 280
�2
�1 0 1 2
�2
�1
0
1
2
360 440 520 600
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
NGC4151: Storchi-Bergmann+10 – hollow conical
Mrk1066: Riffel+10
Mrk1157: Riffel+11
Mrk79: Riffel+13
Arp102B: Couto+13
NGC2110: Schnorr-Müller+14
NGC1386: Lena+15
NGC5548: Schönell+16
NGC1667: Schnorr-Müller+16
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
Outflows mapped via W80 (high. vel. wings): v=W80/1.3
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
§ ~60% have non-circular motions (mostly outflows)
§ Mean outflow rate: ~0.3 M¤ yr-1 (range: 10-3-102 M¤ yr-1 )
§ Mean outflow power: P~1041 erg/s (range 1037 - 1043 erg/s)
§ Only 1/3 sample have P>1% LAGN-> meaning effective feedback on galaxy
§ Outflows with velocities: 200 (most) – 800 (few) km s-1 and mass outflow rates of tenths to a few M¤ yr-1
§ Geometry:(1) Unresolved compact (inner 100-200 pc): need of better angular resolution
(2) Extended perpendicularly to ionization/jet axis: lateral expansion of gas as jet progresses through it?
(3) Resolved bi-polar (Fisher+13: ~ 1/3 of AGN)
§ In all cases most extended emission does not originate in outflowing gas but in gas rotating in the galaxy disk ionized by the AGN
§ Outflow power: <1% LAGN in 2/3 of the sample -> little effect on the galaxy
§ On-going: study of farther and more luminous AGN (MaNGA, GMOS-IFU, NIFS)
Storchi-Bergmann – Science and Evolution of Gemini, San Francisco, July 2018
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