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Page 1: Task 2: Technological Perspective Market SurveyTask 2-Market s… · Task 2: Technological Perspective Market Survey Mr. SAN Vibol Prof. Dr. SOK Kunthy Royal University of Agriculture

Task 2: Technological Perspective

Market Survey

Mr. SAN Vibol

Prof. Dr. SOK Kunthy

Royal University of Agriculture

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

“New Modern Energy Consumer” in the Greater Mekong Subregion

Page 2

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 .......................................................................................................................................... .

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 5

Chapter 2

Methodology ................................................................................................................................... 6

2.1 Specific site description .................................................................................................. 6

2.2 Data Collection ............................................................................................................... 7

Chapter 3

Results and Discussion ................................................................................................................... 9

3.1 Energy efficiency appliance market ................................................................................ 9

3.1.1 Energy label no. 5 of Thailand .................................................................................... 9

3.1.2 Energy efficiency label of Vietnam .......................................................................... 11

3.1.3 Energy efficiency label of European Union.............................................................. 12

3.1.4 Energy efficiency label of Australia ......................................................................... 13

3.1.5 Energy efficiency label of Singapore ........................................................................ 15

3.1.6 Energy efficiency label of China .............................................................................. 15

3.1.7 Energy Efficiency label of America ......................................................................... 16

Chapter 4

Results and Discussion on Retailer ............................................................................................... 18

4.1 Retailer market scheme ................................................................................................. 18

4.2 Availability of electric appliance .................................................................................. 19

4.3 Key barriers to selling energy efficiency technology for households........................... 22

4.4 Knowledge and Skill of staffs and customers to efficient products.............................. 24

4.5 Main drivers of selling energy efficiency technology for households .......................... 26

4.6 Key successful for improve of selling EE products ...................................................... 27

Conclusion .................................................................................................................................... 29

Acknowledgement ........................................................................................................................ 30

References ..................................................................................................................................... 63

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

“New Modern Energy Consumer” in the Greater Mekong Subregion

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Table of Figures

Figure 2.1: Study location in Cambodia; indicates study locations .......................................... 7

Figure 3.1: Timeline for Label no. 5 for electric appliance in Thailand (Source EGAT) .............. 9

Figure 3.2: Energy label no. 5 in Thailand ................................................................................... 11

Figure 3.3: EE Label ..................................................................................................................... 12

Figure 3.4. European Union .......................................................................................................... 13

Figure 3.5: Energy Efficiency label of Australia .......................................................................... 14

Figure 3.6: EE label of Singapore ................................................................................................. 15

Figure 3.7: Energy efficiency label of China ................................................................................ 16

Figure 3.8: Energy Efficiency label of America ........................................................................... 17

Figure 4.1: Number of employees ................................................................................................ 18

Figure 4.2: Type of retailer shop................................................................................................... 19

Figure 4.3: (a) main products of sampled retailers; (b) percentage of energy efficient products;

(c) percentage of cooking appliance; (d) percentage of energy efficient cooking appliance ....... 21

Figure 4.4: Availability of light bulbs in market in Cambodia ..................................................... 22

Figure 4.5. Percentage of education level of technical staff in GMS countries ............................ 25

Figure 4.6 Training staff on installing and maintaining EE products ........................................... 25

Table of Tables

Table 3.1: Certified products with energy star label (Energy Star, 2015) .................................... 17

Table 4.1: Key barriers to selling energy efficiency technology for households……………… 23

Table 4.2: Main drivers of selling energy efficiency technology for households ........................ 26

Table 4.3: Key successful for improve of selling EE products..................................................... 28

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

“New Modern Energy Consumer” in the Greater Mekong Subregion

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Abstract

The 2012 World Energy Outlook highlights the importance of energy efficiency (EE) in

reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the coming decades. The objective of this study is to

explore the available energy efficient technologies for using in households, with a focus on low

income households and to assess market barriers to EE products. The study is conducted with

household appliance retail shops in Phnom Penh City and Siem Reap province. The information

on availability and market barriers to EE products is collected using questionnaire. 100 retailers

in Phnom Penh City and 65 retailers in Siem Reap province are randomly selected for face to

face interviews. Results of the study show that EE products for households are available in

market in Cambodia with more than 80% of sampled retail shops selling EE products such as air

conditioner, refrigerator, washing machine, iron, water boiler and water pumping. The study also

indicates that the key barrier indicated by retain shop is that customers don’t care about

environment; they care about the price of EE technology. Other key barriers are that customers

and shop staff are lack of awareness and the information on EE products. Regarding to policy

barrier, financial incentives to EE products and environmental policies and regulations are also

key barrier. This suggests that greater effort to raise awareness of the label and its information

could help households to make better-informed purchasing decisions. It is really important for

importers/government agency to give support on technique and information on energy efficiency

products to wholesalers and retailers in order to spread the message to end users.

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

“New Modern Energy Consumer” in the Greater Mekong Subregion

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Chapter 1

Introduction

In Cambodia, only 14% of Cambodia’s rural population has access to electricity and

almost 100% of people in urban areas are electrified (World Bank, 2009). While the economic

growth tripled within 12 years, the electricity consumption multiplied by 4.5 in only 9 years:

from 2002 to 2011, the annual electricity demand growth rate in the country was 16.3%. As the

energy demand in Phnom Penh grew a bit faster with an average growth rate of 17% during the

same period, the share of the City of Phnom Penh in the total electricity demand was further

increasing (multiplied by 4.8 since 2002) covering now at least 80% of the country’s total

electricity consumption. In 2009, CO2 emissions from energy consumption amounted to 3.93

million tons of CO2. Both figures primary energy consumption as well as CO2 emission at least

doubled over the past ten years (U.S.Energy Information Administration, 2012).

The 2012 World Energy Outlook highlights the importance of energy efficiency (EE) in

reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the coming decades: energy efficiency is responsible for

75% of emissions reductions by 2020 in a 2°C temperature rise scenario (IEA 2012). For

developing countries, EE will be important since it curbs demand growth, thereby reducing

additional power capacity needs and facilitating cheaper and faster energy access to populations.

Moreover, energy efficiency improvements offer multiple benefits, such as reduced household

energy expenditure and improved productivity, thus contributing to economic growth. Getting

more from existing resources due to increased energy efficiency (EE) also results in reduction in

greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and enhanced energy security.

In Cambodia, EE products are available in the market. Despite this, non-technical

barriers, such as high up-front capital costs and energy illiteracy, mean that many of these

potential EE gains remain untapped. Many of the non-technical barriers to EE deployment will

be more prevalent in low-energy households. While there have been some regional studies

looking into non-technical barriers, most studies focus on industry and there are few studies

focusing on household EE in the developing world; none have focused on Cambodia. The

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

“New Modern Energy Consumer” in the Greater Mekong Subregion

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objective of this study is to explore the available energy efficient technologies for using in

households, with a focus on low income households and to assess market barriers to EE

products.

Chapter 2

Methodology

2.1 Specific site description

The study is conducted with household appliance retail shops in Phnom Penh City and

Siem Reap province. Phnom Penh is the capital and largest city of Cambodia and located in the

south-central region of Cambodia, at the confluence of the Tonlé Sap, Mekong, and Bassac

rivers. Situated on the banks of the Tonlé Sap, Mekong and Bassac rivers, the Phnom Penh

metropolitan area is home to about 1.5 million of Cambodia's population of over 14.8 million

(Phnom Penh Municipality, 2014). The city is the wealthiest and most populous city in

Cambodia and is the country's political hub. Siem Reap is the 10th largest province in Cambodia.

With a population of 896,309, it ranks as the 6th largest in the nation. A large portion of Siem

Reap's southern border is demarcated by the Tonle Sap and as such, it is one of the nine

provinces that making up the Tonle Sap Biosphere Reserve. In modern times the province is best

known as the site of Angkor and the Angkor Wat temple ruins (Wikipedia, 2014).

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

“New Modern Energy Consumer” in the Greater Mekong Subregion

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Figure 0.1: Study location in Cambodia; indicates study locations

2.2 Data Collection

The information on availability and market barriers to EE products is collected using

questionnaire. A review of secondary data was used in the preparation of the instruments for the

study. The questionnaire for barriers to selling energy efficient products in retail shops was

designed based on literature reviewed especially UNEP (2006). The questionnaire comprised 7

broad headings: background information, energy efficient products, knowledge and skill in

maintenance and installation of EE products, barrier, main reason for selling EE products,

activity needed to improve selling EE products, and effective energy efficiency. Under the

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

“New Modern Energy Consumer” in the Greater Mekong Subregion

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barrier heading, many options related to the subject of the question were designed respondents to

score based on their level of agreement or disagreement. A five-point Likert1 scale was used as

the scoring system to make respondents easier to rate the many options. The average score to

each option by all respondents was calculating to find out which option obtained the higher score

and thus, is more important or likely to happen. The questionnaire contains a for mix of open-

ended and confined questions which were administered in face-to-face interviews in March

2014. 100 retailers in Phnom Penh City and 65 retailers in Siem Reap province are randomly

selected for face to face interviews. To verify the results of the study, consultation workshop has

been organized to discuss with national experts from relevant government institutes and civil

societies.

1A Likert scale is a type of psychometric response scale often used in questionnaires, and is one

of the most widely used scales in survey research. When responding to a Likert questionnaire

item, respondents specify their level of agreement to a statement.

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

“New Modern Energy Consumer” in the Greater Mekong Subregion

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Chapter 3

Results and Discussion

3.1 Energy efficiency appliance market

Cambodia does not have own EE label in electric appliances and all products are

imported from other countries so energy labels are depended on the country where the products

are imported from. Energy label no.5 of Thailand is the most famous label on EE product in

Cambodia. However, there are other EE labels of China, Europe, US, Australia, and etc.

3.1.1 Energy label no. 5 of Thailand

“Label No. 5” is defined as the energy efficient label for electric appliance in Thailand.

This implication is managed by the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) since

1991. There are three categories for Label No. 5 implementations as called “3 Es” project which

including energy efficient electric appliance, energy efficient building and energy efficient

attitude. We have found that one of these implementations that related to MECON project is

energy efficient electric appliance which the most effective way to reduce energy consumption is

replacing low quality appliances with efficient one. So far, Thailand has been implemented

“Label no. 5” on twenty electric appliances as shown in Fig. 3.1

Figure 0.1: Timeline for Label no. 5 for electric appliance in Thailand (Source EGAT)

2013

• LED

• Florescent replacement kit

2012

• Water heater

• Washing machine

• Iron

• VentilationFan

2011

• Electric thermal pot

2010

• T5 Luminaries

• Stand by 1 watt

• TV

• Monitor

2009

• Electronic ballast for T5

• Oscillating fan

• T 5

2003

• Electric rice cooker

• Light Luminaries

2001

• Electric fan

1998

• Low loss ballast

1996

• Compact fluorescent lamp

1995

• AC

1994

• Refrigerator

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

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List of “Label no.5” on electric appliances is as follows

1. Refrigerator

2. Air conditioner

3. Compact Fluorescent Lamp

4. Electromagnetic Ballast

5. Electric Fan

6. Automatic Rice Cooker

7. Lighting Luminaire

8. T5

9. Electronic Ballast T5

10. Double-oscillating Fan

11. TV

12. Monitor

13. T5 Luminare

14. Electric Thermal Pot

15. Ventilation Fan

16. Water Heater

17. Electric Iron

18. Washing Machine

19. T5 Retrofit Set

20. LED

The method for raking the energy efficient for electric appliance is the number of the

label from #1 to #5, the higher number, the higher energy efficiency. Moreover, the label also

shows the average energy consumption per year (kWh/year) and the average electricity price per

year (Baht/year) as shown in Fig. 3.2.

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

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Figure 0.2: Energy label no. 5 in Thailand

However, the energy label is a voluntary, therefore, some producers did not want to show

their label which is less energy efficient (below than #3). As a result, there are no #1 to #4 but

there is only #5 label in the market. This is because if there were labels which show less energy

efficient, the consumer would simply choose the higher label instead. Therefore, their

competitiveness is less than the #5 label (For more information, please see the detail at

www.dsm.egat.co.th).

3.1.2 Energy efficiency label of Vietnam

Under the National Energy Efficiency Program (VNEEP), managed by the Ministry of

Industry and Trade (MOIT), since 1 July 2013 the EE labelling has become mandatory for four

groups of products, namely, household appliances, office equipment, industrial equipment and

road transport facilities. One of these implementations that related to MECON project is energy

efficient electric appliances which include:

1. Fluorescent

2. Compact fluorescent

3. Air-conditioning

4. Refrigerator

5. Washing machine

6. Electric rice cooker

Energy consumption

(kWh/year)

Efficiency

Average electricity

generation cost (Baht/year)

Detail of electric appliance

(model, capacity)

Type of electric

appliance

The reference year

when get the label

Number 5 shows “Very

good” efficiency

Ministry of Energy EGAT

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

“New Modern Energy Consumer” in the Greater Mekong Subregion

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7. TV and Fan

The EE label includes two main parts. The first part is to identify the EE products and the

second one is used for rating energy saving (Figure 3.3)

Figure 0.3: EE Label

According to the rating label, the products are ranked on a scale of 1 to 5 stars, where a

rating of 5 stars is the highest efficiency level and 3 star is average. The label also shows

consumers the average energy consumption per year (kWh/year) and the energy efficiency as

shown in Fig. 3.2.

3.1.3 Energy efficiency label of European Union

Europe’s label is used on lamp, refrigerator, washing machine and cooker, etc. The

energy labels are separated into at least four categories (Figure 3.4) (Wikipedia, 2015)2:

The appliance's details: according to each appliance, specific details, of the model and its

materials

2 Wikipedia (2015). European Union energy label. Available at

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union_energy_label#cite_note-3

EE identification label EE rating label

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

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Energy class: a colour code associated to a letter (from A to G) that gives an idea of the

appliance's electrical consumption

Consumption, efficiency, capacity, etc.: this section gives information according to

appliance type

Figure 0.4. European Union

3.1.4 Energy efficiency label of Australia

The energy rating labelling includes in the range of appliances such as refrigerators,

freezers, clothes dryers, dishwashers, computer monitors, air conditioners and television. The

label gives the appliances a star rating between one and ten stars. The greater the number of stars

is the higher the efficiency (www.energyrating.gov.au/about/energy-rating-labels). It enables

consumers to compare the energy efficiency of domestic appliances on a fair and equitable basis.

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

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It also provides incentive for manufacturers to improve the energy performance of appliances.

The Energy Rating Label was first introduced in 1986 in NSW and Victoria. It is now mandatory

in all Australian states and territories and New Zealand for refrigerators, freezer, clothes washers,

clothes dryers, dishwashers and air-conditioners. The Energy Rating Label has two main features

that provide consumers with the following information:

The star rating gives a comparative assessment of the model’s energy efficiency.

The comparative energy consumption (usually kWh/year) provides an estimate of the

annual energy consumption of the appliance based on the tested energy consumption and

information about the typical use of the appliance in the home. Air Conditioners show the power

consumption of the appliance (kW or kWh).

Figure 0.5: Energy Efficiency label of Australia

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

“New Modern Energy Consumer” in the Greater Mekong Subregion

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3.1.5 Energy efficiency label of Singapore

Energy Efficiency label of Singapore is four ticks label and it is the highest rating for

energy efficiency appliances in Singapore. It’s in television, refrigerator and air conditioning that

has one tick to 4 ticks and the more ticks is the more efficiency (NEA, 2015)3.

Figure 0.6: EE label of Singapore

3.1.6 Energy efficiency label of China

In 2005, China launched a categorical mandatory energy information label, adapted from

the EU categorical energy label (Figure 3.7), including five categories of efficiency, from 100%

3 NEA (National Environmental Agency) (2015). The Energy Label. Available at: http://www.nea.gov.sg/energy-

waste/energy-efficiency/household-sector/the-energy-label

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

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(meeting the minimum standard) to 55% of the minimum standard. Some of the products that are

required to get the energy label are: Washing machines, Air conditioners, Motors, Plasma TVs,

electric cookers, Flat-screen televisions, induction cookers, refrigerators, water heaters, Gas

kettles, Photocopiers, energy-saving lamps, high pressure sodium lights, printers, copiers and

electric fans. It would like to show customers about the efficient of energy. The label has 5

numbers ranking. Number 1 in green colour is the best products and it can save energy and use

less energy and number 5 in red colour is lowest efficiency products. If the product is in number

5, they don’t allow selling in the market (Figure 3.7) (Zhou, Nan 2008).

Figure 0.7: Energy efficiency label of China

3.1.7 Energy Efficiency label of America

ENERGY STAR is a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) voluntary program

that helps businesses and individuals save money and protect our climate through superior

energy efficiency. The ENERGY STAR program was established by EPA in 1992, under the

Product manufacturerProduct manufacturer

Product model numberProduct model number

Level (1)Level (1)

Low energy consumptionLow energy consumption

High energy consumptionHigh energy consumption

High energy consumptionHigh energy consumption

National standards numberNational standards number

Off energy consumption (Depending the type of

product, the information in this

section varies)

Off energy consumption (Depending the type of

product, the information in this

section varies)

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

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Page 17

authority of the Clean Air Act Section 103(g) (Energy Star, 2015). This label establishes to

reduce greenhouse gas and any pollution from energy(Figure 3.8).

Table 0.1: Certified products with energy star label (Energy Star, 2015)

Appliances

Air Purifiers (Cleaners)

Clothes Dryers

Clothes Washers

Dehumidifiers

Dishwashers

Freezers

Refrigerators

Electronics

Audio/Video

Set-top Boxes & Cable

Boxes

Slates and Tablets

Telephones

Televisions

Heating & Cooling

Air Conditioning,

Central

Air Conditioning, Room

Boilers

Ductless Heating &

Cooling

Furnaces

Heat Pumps, Air-Source

Heat Pumps, Geothermal

Ventilation Fans

Lighting

Ceiling Fans

Decorative Light Strings

Light Bulbs

Light Fixtures

Office Equipment

Computers

Displays

Imaging Equipment

Small Network

Equipment

Uninterruptible Power

Supplies

Voice over Internet

Protocol (VoIP) Phones

Water Heaters

High Efficiency Electric

Storage Water Heaters

Water Heater, High

Efficiency Gas Storage

Water Heater, Solar

Water Heater, Whole

Home Gas Tankless

Figure 0.8: Energy Efficiency label of America

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

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Chapter 4

Results and Discussion on Retailer

4.1 Retailer market scheme

In the Cambodia, electric appliances are mostly imported from other countries, especially

Thailand. Retail shops for selling electric appliances in Cambodia can be classified into 3 groups

which are small, medium and large scale based on the number of employees:

1. Small scale shop has less than 5 employees

2. Medium scale shop has 5-10 employees

3. Large scale shop has more than 10 employees

Based on the classification above, Fig. 4.1 clearly indicates that the small retail shops

account for largest share with 86% of total retail shops in Cambodia. Figure 4.1 shows that 46

retail shops employ 2 to 5 workers and 43 shops have less than 2 workers, respectively. Very few

shops employ up to 10 workers, as the retailers are generally small shops. Therefore, family-

based businesses have employed the worker around 2 to 5 people for selling in their house and

they may not have skill with efficiency technology.

Figure 0.1: Number of employees

2 – 5

56%

5 – 8

8%

8 – 10

1%

Less than 2

31%

More than 10

1%

Non

3%

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

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Page 19

From the retailer survey, electric appliance shops have two types: Family Business and

privately owned.

1. Family-based Business is the shop that all family’s member contributes in the shop such

as selling, not one seller.

2. Privately owned is the company owned by private owner.

In this study, it was found that there are 134 and 34 shops for family-based business and

privately owned, respectively as shown in Figure 4.1.

Figure 0.2: Type of retailer shop

4.2 Availability of electric appliance

Fig. 4.3 shows main products of interviewed retail shops and percentage of energy

efficient products sold in sampled retail shops. Since there are hundreds of retailers in Phnom

Penh city and Siem Reap province, different types of retailers had to be chosen to conduct face to

face interview. Retail shops are classified into 11 types as shown in Fig. 4.3(a). More than 40%

of total sampled retailers are selling fan, lighting and cooking devices as their main products. To

identify energy efficient products selling in retail shops, several energy efficient labels are

printed to show retail shop owners during interview since we realize that most of shop owners

lack of knowledge in identifying energy efficient products. Based on Fig. 4.3(b), more than 80%

Family

business

80%

Privately

owned

20%

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

“New Modern Energy Consumer” in the Greater Mekong Subregion

Page 20

of retail shops are selling energy efficient products such as air conditioner, refrigerator, washing

machine, iron, water boiler and water pumping, while less than 40% of electric water heater

retail shops are selling the device with energy saving label. Energy efficient electric rice cookers

are also available in market in Cambodia.

As can be seen in Fig. 4.3(d), energy efficient electric rice cookers are available in 71%

of surveyed retail shops in Cambodia. EE electric cooing stove is difficult to find in Cambodia,

which only 14% of survey shops sell the appliance. Other EE cooking appliances such

microwave stove, LPG/PNG stove, biomass stove/coal stove can also be found in Cambodia as

well. Regarding to lighting appliances, Fig. 4.4 shows that inefficient light bulbs are dominant in

Cambodia’ markets. However, efficient light bulb (LED) is available the country as well.

Based on the results of market survey in Cambodia, EE products are available in each

country. However, these EE products, for example air-conditioner, refrigerator, washing

machine, TV, etc., are now quite expensive compared to the low income people but in the future,

together with the improvement of people’s living standards as well as decrease in the EE product

prices due to technical breakthroughs, it is expected that they will become affordable to the poor,

especially the MECON group.

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

“New Modern Energy Consumer” in the Greater Mekong Subregion

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Figure 0.3: (a) main products of sampled retailers; (b) percentage of energy efficient products;

(c) percentage of cooking appliance; (d) percentage of energy efficient cooking appliance

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EE

Cook

ing A

pp

lian

ce (

%)

(d)

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

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Page 22

0

20

40

60

80

100

Inca

ndes

cent

light

bulb

s

Flu

ore

scen

t la

mps

Com

pac

t

Flu

ore

scen

t L

ight

Bulb

s

Lig

ht-

emit

ting

dio

de

lam

ps

Lig

hti

ng D

evic

e (%

)

Figure 0.4: Availability of light bulbs in market in Cambodia

4.3 Key barriers to selling energy efficiency technology for households

In attempt to understand key barriers in selling EE products in Cambodia, this study

shows that the most important barriers indicated by retail shops in the study areas are that

customers don’t care about environment, they care about the price of EE technology. Lack of

awareness of the importance of energy efficiency and the price of EE technology are also the key

barriers in selling EE products. Because of lack of financial resources, customers are careful

about spending in energy efficient products and usually, the price of EE technology is higher

than non-efficient products, which is also a key barrier. During interview, most of respondents

express that customer care about energy saving when they want to buy refrigerator or air

conditioner because these devices highly contribute to monthly electricity consumption. As a

result, it is clearly that the main barriers are due to the Customers’ behaviour and

Knowledge/Skills because customer’s economics is important and efficient technologies is new

thing for them.

Apart from customers’ behaviour and knowledge/skills of technical staff in selected retail

shops in Cambodia, knowledge of shop owner and sell staff on EE products is also low. Most

shop owners and sell staff could not understand the meaning of energy efficient label on the

products in their shop because all EE labels are presented in foreign language and other factors

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

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Page 23

rather than EE information can attract their customers. Those factors are product quality, and

utter appearance and function of product. In addition, EE product wholesalers/importers usually

provide direct technical support to customers with well-trained staff, which benefits for

consumers. However, shop owner and sell staff have direct influence on the purchasing decision

of consumers at the beginning, and furthermore, EE products and technical service are mobilized

in Phnom Penh City and three populous provinces, which transport to the nearest purchase

facility may pose a considerable burden to low income households and thereby add to the

transaction costs. As a result, the information on EE may not be presented in a manner that is

easily understandable even though the information is available, and EE products are not available

in many places in Cambodia, which preventing electrified household from accessing to EE

products. According to IEA 2011, the information and distribution market barriers to the

purchase of energy efficient appliances often exist (IEA 2011). Regarding to policy barrier,

Cambodian government does not provide financial incentives to production/importation/

utilization of energy efficient technology and environmental policies and legislation relating to

EE are weak.

Table 4.1 Key barriers to selling energy efficiency technology for households

No. Barriers

Strongly

disagree

(%)

Strongly

agree

(%) Average

Score

1 2 3 4 5

Management

There is a lack of coordination between different

sections within our shop 20.1 26.1 11.9 16.4 25.4 3.00

There is a lack of coordination between external

organizations 23.4 22.7 14.8 11.7 27.3 2.96

Benefits of selling energy efficient technologies

are not quantifiable 8.6 19.4 20.9 24.5 26.6 3.34

Uncertainty regarding the quality 13.2 25.7 11.1 20.8 29.2 3.19

Customers’ behavior

Customers are not familiar with EE technologies 10.1 21.6 13.5 18.9 35.8 3.42

The price is higher compared to non-efficient

technologies 9.3 12.1 21.4 25.7 31.4 3.50

Customers don’t care about environment, they

care about the price of EE technology 4.3 13.0 16.7 26.1 39.9 3.78

There is a lack of awareness of the importance of

energy efficiency 6.9 7.6 22.9 21.5 41.0 3.76

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Knowledge/Skills

It is difficult to access to external technical

information and expertise 5.9 26.7 11.1 19.3 37.0 3.48

Lack of skills for adequate marketing of more

efficient products 13.0 17.4 12.3 26.8 30.4 3.37

Lack of skills for maintaining and installing EE

products 19.6 11.6 18.8 18.1 31.9 3.23

Limited labor availability for maintaining and

installing EE products 11.7 9.5 21.2 21.9 35.8 3.59

Policy

There is a lack of policies, procedures and

systems in our shop 24.0 22.4 16.0 12.0 25.6 2.82

Insufficient market transparency by the lack of

EE labeling 13.1 24.1 11.7 19.0 32.1 3.25

Lack of norms /standards for electrical appliances 11.0 18.6 25.4 12.7 32.2 3.27

Lack of government EE&C policy/strategy 15.7 22.6 9.6 16.5 35.7 3.24

The government does not provide financial

incentives to production/importation/utilization of

energy efficient technology

17.2 16.4 9.0 18.9 39.5 3.37

Environmental policies and legislation relating to

EE are weak 16.9 11.5 20.8 18.5 32.3 3.30

Authorities are not strict in enforcing energy

efficiency and environmental regulations 19.8 10.3 17.5 17.5 34.9 3.29

4.4 Knowledge and Skill of staffs and customers to efficient products

Based on the market survey, the results show that technical staff of retail shops in

Cambodia have different level of education. Fig. 4.5 indicates that retail shops have higher

percentage share of technical staffs with vocational training level, which accounts for 44% of

total retail shops, followed by high school and secondary school education. According to the

results of market survey, level of education of technical staff in retail shops is good enough to

maintain and install EE products. It can be said that education level is not a barrier in promoting

EE products.

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Figure 0.5. Percentage of education level of technical staff in GMS countries

Based on Figure 4.6, some retail shops regularly provide technical training to their staff.

However, only a few surveyed retailers have provided the training on installing and maintaining

EE products to their technical staffs. Therefore, skill of staffs is limitation because they don’t get

much training per year in some retail shop that shown in the Figure 4.6.

Figure 0.6 Training staff on installing and maintaining EE products

[CATEGORY

NAME]

[PERCENTA

GE]

Vocational

Training

44% Hight School

20%

Secondary

School

19%

Primary

School

10%

Illiterate

1%

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Every month Every 3 months Every 6 months Every year

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

sh

op

Frequency of training staff

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4.5 Main drivers of selling energy efficiency technology for households

The results of key drivers of selling energy efficiency technology are presented in the

Table 4.1. According to survey, it was found that the main drivers of selling energy efficiency

energy technology are reducing energy consumption of EE technology (4.15), the improved

relations with customers (3.97), and improved overall environmental performance (3.89). Based

on Table 4.1, it clearly indicates that the purpose of selling energy efficiency technology for

households is to attract customers and comply with environmental regulation in order to

strengthen relations with customers to improve their reputation among customers and

competitors.

Table 0.2: Main drivers of selling energy efficiency technology for households

Main reasons

Strongly

disagree

Strongly

agree Average

Score 1 2 3 4 5

Environmental Concern

Reduced energy consumption 1.4 10.9 11.6 23.2 52.9 4.15

Reduced greenhouse gas emissions 14.2 9.4 11.3 24.5 40.6 3.68

Reduced other emissions (e.g. SOx, NOx) 13.5 3.8 20.2 42.3 20.2 3.52

Improved overall environmental performance 11.5 3.8 14.5 24.4 45.8 3.89

Improved compliance with corporate

environmental targets 13.4 1.6 15 30.7 39.4

3.81

Company Reputation and Profitability

Improved reputation / recognition of the shop 15.1 11.9 13.5 32.5 27 3.44

Improved health and safety of consumers 11.3 12.8 10.5 24.8 40.6 3.71

Improved compliance with governmental

regulations on EE&C 16.4 13.9 15.6 32.8 21.3 3.29

Improved relations with customers 6.6 5.8 15.3 28.5 43.8 3.97

Improved staff pride / morale 16.3 9.3 9.3 28.7 36.4 3.6

Expand business into new areas 14.1 11.7 20.3 25 28.9 3.43

Long-term strategy for energy efficiency 19.7 12.3 9.8 25.4 32.8 3.39

Profitable business 6.1 8.4 16.8 30.5 38.2 3.86

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Competition

Local competition 35.5 19 17.4 10.7 17.4 2.55

Distinguish business from competitors 32.8 14.4 19.2 16.8 16.8 2.7

Consumer attraction 9.7 6.7 14.2 29.1 40.3 3.84

Support

Subsidy from government 42.3 26.8 10.6 3.3 17.1 2.26

Tax reduction 39.6 17.2 8.2 11.9 23.1 2.62

NGOs financial support 45.5 22 8.1 10.6 13.8 2.25

Technical support from government 43.5 21.8 10.5 9.7 14.5 2.3

Technical support from NGO 48 17.9 10.6 9.8 13.8 2.24

Technical support from EE product producer 33.1 10.5 12.1 21 23.4 2.91

4.6 Key successful for improve of selling EE products

During the market survey, retail shop’s representative was asked about the key successful

for improving of selling EE products in their shop. Useful activities for improving of selling EE

products are categorised into three categories: training/course on, information on, and others

(Table 4.2). In the training/course category, maintenance and installation of energy efficiency

products is the useful training activity for improving of selling EE products (3.92) followed by

energy efficient technologies/benefits (3.72). Under the information category, the key

information for improving selling energy efficient products is energy monitoring instruments,

environmental / energy management systems, benchmarking data, energy efficient technologies,

and Government policies / legislation / fiscal incentives. Other activities such as participating in

energy efficiency program, EE product business networks, discounted / free expert’s advice, and

energy fair and newsletters are useful for improving of selling energy efficient products.

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Table 0.3: Key successful for improve of selling EE products

Useful activities

Not

useful

Very

useful Average

Score 1 2 3 4 5

Training / courses on:

Energy efficient technologies 13.4 8.7 7.1 33.9 37 3.72

Environmental / Energy management systems 7.9 15.9 10.3 31.7 34.1 3.68

Maintenance and Installation of energy efficiency

products 12 4 12 24 48 3.92

Kyoto Protocol / Cleaner Development Mechanism

(CDM) 25.8 9.3 16.5 16.5 32 3.2

Information on:

Energy efficient technologies 13.4 6.3 7.1 35.4 37.8 3.39

Environmental / Energy management systems 16.1 7.3 10.5 30.6 35.5 3.62

Energy monitoring instruments 7.5 10.8 13.3 24.2 44.2 3.87

Government policies / legislation / fiscal incentives 18.6 9.7 20.4 16.8 34.5 3.39

Benchmarking data 12.1 14.3 17.6 20.9 35.2 3.53

Kyoto Protocol / Clean Development Mechanism

(CDM) 16.5 14.3 13.2 26.4 29.7 3.38

Others:

Loans / subsidies for energy efficiency technology 14.3 15.1 15.1 28.6 26.9 3.39

Discounted / free expert’s advice 14.6 11.4 15.4 18.7 39.8 3.58

Energy efficiency programs to participate in 4.8 9.5 12.7 23 50 4.04

Directory with energy contacts (technology providers,

energy experts, financers, government agencies etc.) 15 8.8 19.5 24.8 31.9 3.5

EE product business networks 14.4 10.8 13.5 16.1 35.1 3.57

Newsletters with energy developments 12 11 13 30 34 3.63

“Energy Fair” (with technology providers, advisors etc.) 11.3 11.3 16.5 26.8 34 3.61

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Conclusion

The results of market survey in major cities in Cambodia show that all energy efficiency

products are imported from other countries, especially Thailand. Therefore, energy label no.5 of

Thailand is the most famous label on EE products in Cambodia. Other EE labels of Vietnam,

China, European Union, US and Australia, and etc. “Label No. 5” is defined as the energy

efficient label for electric appliance in Thailand since 1991. According to market survey, it

clearly indicates that more than 80% of retail shops are selling energy efficient products such as

air conditioner, refrigerator, washing machine, iron, water boiler and water pumping, while less

than 40% of electric water heater retail shops are selling the device with energy saving label.

Energy efficient electric rice cookers are also available in market in Cambodia with 71% of

visited retailers. For lighting appliances, inefficient light bulbs are dominant in Cambodia’

markets. However, efficient light bulb (LED) is available the country as well.

Energy efficient products are available in GMS countries. However, high price, lack of

skills/knowledge, consumers’ behaviour, and policy are the key barriers to selling EE products in

Cambodia. Many retailers have very few staffs with energy efficient knowledge and in

Cambodia, and shop owners and sell staffs don’t even know the meaning of EE label on EE

products because all EE labels are presented in foreign language. Moreover, accessibility of high

efficient products and technical service is a constraint for retail shop also because EE products

and technical service are mobilized in Phnom Penh City and three populous provinces.

Therefore, it is really important for producers/importers/government agency to give support on

technique and information on energy efficiency products to 2nd

wholesalers and retailers in order

to spread the message to end users.

Regarding to policy barrier, Cambodian government does not provide financial incentives

to production/importation/ utilization of energy efficient technology and environmental policies

and legislation relating to EE are weak. Financial support can encourage the energy efficient

deployment for both producer, wholesalers, retailers and customers. If customers have enough

knowledge on energy efficiency with the adequate financial support, therefore, there is a demand

on high quality products which affect to electric appliance market as a whole. Perception on high

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Effective energy efficiency policy implementation targeting

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Page 30

efficient products is important in order to increase the demand in the market. Moreover,

simplificative communication on high efficient products is required for low income customers in

order to encourage the change of customers’ perspective on their energy use behaviour. To deal

with policy barrier, financial incentives to EE products and environmental policies and

regulations are also key barrier.

Acknowledgement

This report is an output from a project co-funded by UK aid from the UK Department for

International Development (DFID), the Engineering & Physical Science Research Council

(EPSRC) and the Department for Energy & Climate Change (DECC), for the benefit of

developing countries. The views expressed are not necessarily those of DFID, EPSRC or DECC.

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Appendix A

General Information of Retailer

Figure A1: Provide installing and maintaining services

Figure A2: Number of employees for installing and maintaining EE products

Yes

29%

No

71%

less than 2 2-5 5-8 More than 10

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Number of employees

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

ers

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Figure A3: Vocational training for installers and maintenance staff

Figure A4: Promotion for selling EE products

Provide

delivery

service to

buyer

37%

Provide

maintenance

and

installation

services to

buyer

27%

EE product

warrantee

36%

New EE

products

marketing/sel

ling

12%

New EE

products

installation

45%

New EE

products

maintenance

43%

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Figure A5: Technical Support on selling EE product

Figure A6: Cooperative advertising Support on selling EE product

Lakav

7% LG

14%

no

20%

Panasonic

13%

Samsung

13%

samsung and

sony

company

13%

samsung, LG,

Sony

Company

20%

LG

25%

no

25% Panasonic

12%

Rangdow

13%

Samsung

25%

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Figure A7: Financial Support on selling EE product

Figure A8: Potential growth market of EE product in the future

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

modern

and lessenergy

becauuse

have a lotof

products

have lable

best seller,

peopleknow

about

advantagewhich use

less energy

Can save

money

high

demand

electric is

expensive

Good for

future

Good

quality andenergy

effeciency

Improve

marketingand

demand

people like

to usegreen light

people

want touse easy

products

and safe

Nu

mb

er o

f co

mp

an

ies

Every

company

20%

no

40%

samsung

20%

sony

20%

Page 35: Task 2: Technological Perspective Market SurveyTask 2-Market s… · Task 2: Technological Perspective Market Survey Mr. SAN Vibol Prof. Dr. SOK Kunthy Royal University of Agriculture

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Figure A9: Type of customers of retailer shop

Figure A10: Knowledge of customers on EE products

Household

55%

Other

retailers

12%

Other(seller,

worker,

hotel…..)

33%

Very poor

2%

Poor

22%

Moderate

44%

Good

31%

Very good

[PERCENTA

GE]

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Figure A11: EE product preference of customers

Very poor

2% Poor

10%

Moderate

42%

Good

44%

Very good

[PERCENTAG

E]

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Appendix B

Air conditioning

Figure B1: The three best-selling brands of air conditioning in retailer shop

Figure B2: The best-selling capacities of each air conditioning type selling in retailer shop

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Akira

International

LG

Panasonic

Samsung

Sony

Toshiba

Philips

Others

effeciency Rank1 effeciency Rank2 effeciency Rank3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

9000 BTU 12000 BTU 15000 BTU 25000 BTU

effeciency Rank1 effeciency Rank2 effeciency Rank3

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Figure B3: TOP three countries that produce AC and sell in the retailer shop

Appendix C

Lighting

Figure C1: Power of the best-selling Light-emitting diode Lamps (LED) products in retailer

shop

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

China

Japan

Korea

Malaysia

Singapore

Thailand

Vietnam

effeciency Rank1 effeciency Rank2 effeciency Rank3

10W

13%

25W

26%

4W

46%

7W

15%

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Figure C2: Power of the best-selling Compact Fluorescent light Bulbs (CFLs) products in

retailer shop

Figure C3: Power of the best-selling Fluorescent Lamps products in retailer shop

Figure C4: Power of the best-selling Incandescent light Bulbs products in retailer shop

100W

2%

12W

30%

15W

14% 18W

7%

25W

35%

8W

9%

other

3%

17W

28%

18W

3%

20W

37%

36W

19%

40W

10%

Other

3%

100W

17%

20W

22%

40 W

46%

60 W

10%

80 W

2% Other

3%

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Figure C5: TOP three countries that produce Light-emitting diode Lamps (LED) and sell in

the retailer shop

Figure C6: TOP three countries that produce Fluorescent Lamps and sell in the retailer shop

Figure C7: TOP three countries that produce Incandescent light Bulbs and sell in the retailer

shop

0 10 20 30 40 50

China

Japan

Korea

Malaysia

Thailand

Vietnam

Singapore

other

Light-emitting diode lamps (LED) Rank1

Light-emitting diode lamps (LED) Rank2

Light-emitting diode lamps (LED) Rank3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55

China

Japan

Korea

Malaysia

Thailand

Vietnam

Singapore

other

Fluorescent lamps Rank1 Fluorescent lamps Rank2 Fluorescent lamps Rank3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

China

Japan

Korea

Malaysia

Thailand

Vietnam

Singapore

other

Incandescent light bulbs Rank1 Incandescent light bulbs Rank2

Incandescent light bulbs Rank3

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Figure C8: Percentage of local and imported lighting products sold in retailer shop

Figure C9: Total number of energy efficient lighting products sold in retailer shop in the past

five years

Appendix D

Refrigerator

Figure D1: The best-selling brands of refrigerators in retailer shops

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Local - Incandescent light bulbs

Local - Fluorescent lamps

Local - CFLs

Local - LED

Imported - Incandescent light bulbs

Imported - Fluorescent lamps

Imported - CFLs

Imported - LED

Other (please specify)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

less than 10

10-50

50-100

100-500

More than 500

2009 - EE lighting product sold 2010 - EE lighting product sold 2011 - EE lighting product sold

2012 - EE lighting product sold 2013 - EE lighting product sold

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Akira

LG

Samsung

Toshiba

Others

effeciency Rank1 effeciency Rank2 effeciency Rank3

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Figure D2: The countries that produce refrigerator and sell in the retailer shop

Figure D3: Percentage of local and imported refrigerator products sold in retailer shop

0 10 20 30 40 50

China

Japan

Korea

Malaysia

Thailand

Vietnam

Singapore

other

effeciency Rank1 effeciency Rank2 effeciency Rank3

Local -

Conventional

0%

Local -

Inverter/Effici

ent

1%

Imported -

Conventional

38%

Imported -

Inverter/Effici

ent

61%

Local - Conventional Local - Inverter/Efficient

Imported - Conventional Imported - Inverter/Efficient

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Figure D4: Total number of energy efficient refrigerator products sold in retailer shop in the

past five years

Figure D5: The popular label by country that produce refrigerator and sell in the retailer shop

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2009 - EE fridge

product sold

2010 - EE fridge

product sold

2011 - EE fridge

product sold

2012 - EE fridge

product sold

2013 - EE fridge

product sold

less than 10 10-50 50-100 100-500

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

China

Malaysia

Thialand

Singapore

Europe

Japan

Energy Star 2nd

1st 2nd 3th

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Appendix E

Cooking device

Figure E1: Total number of energy efficient of cooking device products sold in retailer shop

in the past five years

Figure E2: The country product that popular labels sold in retailer shop

0 5 10 15 20 25

less than 10

10-50

50-100

100-500

More than 500

2009 - EE product sold 2010 - EE product sold

2011 - EE product sold 2012 - EE product sold

2013 - EE product sold

0 10 20 30 40 50

China

Malaysia

Thialand

Singapore

Veitnam

Japan

Australia

1st 2nd 3rd 4th

Page 45: Task 2: Technological Perspective Market SurveyTask 2-Market s… · Task 2: Technological Perspective Market Survey Mr. SAN Vibol Prof. Dr. SOK Kunthy Royal University of Agriculture

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Appendix F

Washing machine

Figure F1: Type of washing machine selling in the retailer shop

Figure F2: Percentage of each product type sold in retailer shop

Conventional

38%

Efficient

62%

Akira

8%

International

8%

LG

13%

Others

4%

Panasonic

17% Philips

4%

Samsung

42%

Sony

4%

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Figure F3: The best-selling brands of washing machine in retailer shops

Figure F4: The capacity (W) of the best-selling washing machine is sold in retailer shop

0

5

10

15

20

%

efficient Rank3 efficient Rank2 efficient Rank1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Rank 1 -

Conventional

(W)

Rank 2 -

Conventional

(W)

Rank 3 -

Conventional

(W)

Rank 1 -

Efficient (W)

Rank 2 -

Efficient (W)

Rank 3 -

Efficient (W)

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

sh

op

s

less than 500

500-800

800-1000

1000-1500

1500-2000

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Figure F5: The countries that produce washing machine and sell in the retailer shop

Figure F6: The country product that popular labels sold in retailer shop

0

2

4

6

8

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

sh

op

s efficient Rank 3 efficient Rank 2 efficient Rank 1

China

36%

Malaysia

3%

Thialand

55%

Japan

3%

Australia

3%

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Appendix G

Fan

Figure G1: Type of fan selling in the retailer shop

Figure G2: The best-selling brands of fan in retailer shops

Conventional

45%

Efficientcy

55%

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

sh

op

s

efficiency Rank1 efficiency Rank2 efficiency Rank3

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Figure G3: The capacity (W) of the best-selling products are sold in retailer shop

Figure G4: The countries that produce fan and sell in the retailer shop

05

101520253035404550

Ran

k 1

-

Co

nv

enti

on

al (

inch

)

Ran

k 2

-

Co

nv

enti

on

al (

inch

)

Ran

k 3

-

Co

nv

enti

on

al (

inch

)

Ran

k 1

- E

ffic

ien

t

(in

ch)

Ran

k 2

- E

ffic

ien

t

(in

ch)

Ran

k 3

- E

ffic

ien

t

(in

ch)

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

sh

op

s 8 12 14 16 18 20

0

20

40

60

80

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

sh

op

s

effecien Rank3 effecien Rank2 effecien Rank1

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Figure G5: The country product that popular labels sold in retailer shop

Figure G6: Total number of energy efficient of products sold in retailer shop in the past five

years

China

31%

Thialand

65%

Veitnam

2%

Australia

2%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2009 - EE

product sold

2010 - EE

product sold

2011 - EE

product sold

2012 - EE

product sold

2013 - EE

product sold

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

sh

op

s

Year

less than 10 10-50 50-100 100-500

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Appendix H

TV

Figure H1: Type of TV selling in the retailer shop

Figure H2: The capacity (W) of the best-selling products are sold in retailer shop

box TV

(conventional)

48%

flat/LED

screen

(Efficient)

52%

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

14 19 22 26 32 37 40 46 55

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

sh

op

s

Types of the best-selling products (inch)

Rank 1 - Conventional (inch) Rank 2 - Conventional (inch)Rank 3 - Conventional (inch) Rank 1 - Efficient (inch)Rank 2 - Efficient (inch) Rank 3 - Efficient (inch)

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Figure H3: The best-selling brands of TV in retailer shops

Figure H4: The countries that produce TV and sell in the retailer shop

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

sh

op

s

Conventional Rank1 Conventional Rank2 Conventional Rank3

effecien Rank1 effecien Rank2 effecien Rank3

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

sh

op

s

Country

Conventional Rank1 Conventional Rank2 Conventional Rank3

efficiency Rank1 efficiency Rank2 efficiency Rank3

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Figure H5: The country product that popular labels sold in retailer shop

Figure H6: Total number of energy efficient of products sold in retailer shop in the past five

years

China

5% Malaysia

5%

Thialand

10%

Japan

15%

Europe

5%

Don't Know

60%

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

2009 - EE

product sold

2010 - EE

product sold

2011 - EE

product sold

2012 - EE

product sold

2013 - EE

product sold

Nu

mb

er o

r E

E T

V

Year

less than 10 10-50 50-100 100-500

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Appendix I

Water boiler

Figure I1: Type of water boiler selling in the retailer shop

Figure I2: The best-selling brands of water boiler sold in the retailer shop

Conventional

16%

Efficient

84%

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

er s

hop

Rank 1-Conventional Rank 2-Conventional

Rank 3-Conventional Rank 1-Inverter/Efficient

Rank 2-Inverter/Efficient Rank 3-Inverter/Efficient

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Figure I3: The capacity (W) of the best-selling products are sold in retailer shop

Figure I4: The countries that produce water boiler

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 5

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

er s

ho

p

Sizes/Capacities of the best-selling products

Rank 1 - Conventional (liter)

Rank 2 - Conventional (liter)

Rank 3 - Conventional (liter)

Rank 1 - Efficient (liter)

Rank 2 - Efficient (liter)

Rank 3 - Efficient (liter)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

er s

hop

Rank 1-Conventional

Rank 2-Conventional

Rank 3-Conventional

Rank 1-Inverter/Efficient

Rank 2-Inverter/Efficient

Rank 3-Inverter/Efficient

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Figure I5: The country product that popular labels sold in retailer shop

Figure I6: Total number of energy efficient of products sold in retailer shop in the past five

years

China

13%

Malaysia

16%

Thialand

47%

Korea

3%

Veitnam

8%

Japan

3%

Australia

5%

Don't know

5%

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2009 - EE

product sold

2010 - EE

product sold

2011 - EE

product sold

2012 - EE

product sold

2013 - EE

product sold

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

er s

hop

Years

less than 10 10-50 50-100 100-500

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Appendix J

Iron

Figure J1: Type of iron selling in the retailer shop

Figure J2: The best-selling brands of iron sold in the retailer shop

Conventional

21%

Efficient

79%

0

5

10

15

20

25

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

er s

hop

Rank1-Conventional

Rank2-Conventioan

Rank3-Conventional

Rank1-Inverter/Efficient

Rank2-Inverter/Efficient

Rank3-Inverter/Efficient

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Figure J3: The capacity (W) of the best-selling products are sold in retailer shop

Figure J4: Top three countries that produce iron

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

er s

ho

p

Rank 1 - Conventional (W)

Rank 2 - Conventional (W)

Rank 3 - Conventional (W)

Rank 1 - Efficient (W)

Rank 2 - Efficient (W)

Rank 3 - Efficient (W)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

er s

hop

China Japan Malaysia Vietnam other

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Figure J5: The country product that popular labels sold in retailer shop

Figure J6: Total number of energy efficient of products sold in retailer shop in the past five

years

China

18%

Malaysia

15%

Thialand

56%

Veitnam

3%

Japan

5%

Australia

3%

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

2009 - EE iron

product sold

2010 - EE iron

product sold

2011 - EE iron

product sold

2012 - EE iron

product sold

2013 - EE iron

product sold

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

er s

hop

less than 10 10-50 50-100

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Appendix K

Water heater

Figure K1: Type of water heater selling in the retailer shop

Figure K2: The capacity (W) of the best-selling products are sold in retailer shop

Conventional

33%

Efficient

67%

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

er s

hop

less than 1000 2000

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Figure K3: The countries that producer water heater

Figure K4: The country product that popular labels sold in retailer shop

0

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

er s

ho

p

China Korea Thailand Vietnam Singapore Japan

China

62% Malaysia

12%

Veitnam

13%

Australia

13%

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Figure K5: Total number of energy efficient of products sold in retailer shop in the past five

years

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

2009 - EE

product sold

2010 - EE

product sold

2011 - EE

product sold

2012 - EE

product sold

2013 - EE

product sold

Nu

mb

er o

f re

tail

er s

ho

p

less than 10 10-50 50-100

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References

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OECD/IEA, Paris, Franch.

International Energy Agency. 2012. World Energy Outlook 2012. International Energy

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September 2014].

U.S.Energy Information Administration. 2012. International Energy Statistics 2012. U.S.

Energy Information Administration, United State of America.

United Nations Environment Programme. 2006. Barries to energy efficiency in industry in

Asia-Review and policy guidance. United Nations Environment Programme.

Wikipedia. 2014. Siem Reap Province. Available at:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siem_Reap_Province [Accessed on 20 September 2014].

World Bank. 2009. Improved Energy Technologies for Rural Cambodia. World Bank,

Cambodia.

Zhou, Nan. (2010). Status of China's Energy Efficiency Standards and Labels for Appliances

and International Collaboration. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Available at:

http://escholarship.org/uc/item/96s1n8rp [Accessed on 01 November 2015]

Energy Star (2015). About Energy Star. Available at: http://www.energystar.gov/about/

[Accessed on 01 December 2015].