SUAS: Advantages and challenges of an Unified Social Assistance System
I. How did Brazil reach the
Unified System model
adopted in the social
assistance policy?
II. What is SUAS and how
does it work?
III. What have we achieved in
the last 10 years?
IV. What advantages did the
adoption of the Unified
System model bring to the
social assistance policy in
Brazil?
How did Brazil reach the
Unified System model
adopted in the social
assistance policy
Expansion of social rights, achieving non-contributory social protection (beyond those related to work)
It introduced a new concept of Social Assistance
Policy connected to rights, universal access and state responsibility
It ensured a monthly minimum wage for disabled and elderly people who have no means of self maintenance
FEDERAL CONSTITUTION OF 1988
Social Welfare
HealthSocial
SecuritySocial
Assistance
FEDERALISM MODEL IN THE FEDERAL
CONSTITUTION, 1988
3 Levels of entities with autonomy regarding administrative,
regulatory, political and fiscal competence.
Predominance of decentralized policies, including Social
Assistance.
Decentralization made possible by general compliance of sub-
nationals to a federal pact, which required political negotiations.
Implementation and expenses undertaken mainly by
municipalities.
Source: LASSANCE, A. Federalismo à Brazil, IPEA, 2012.
89% of municipalities with less than
50,000 inhabitants.
Regional inequalities
Concentration of Income and
Poverty
Population Density versus
Population Dispersion
Access to Services and Policies
Cultural and socio-territorial
diversities
Geographical characteristics
Brazilian Inequalities and Diversities
NATIONAL LEGISLATION THAT ENSURE THE RIGHTS OF
SPECIFIC SEGMENTS (children and adolescents, the elderly,
women, among others)
NATIONAL PLANS AND POLICIES (homeless people, people
with disabilities, the elderly, among others)
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS RATIFIED BY BRAZIL
(child labour, people with disabilities, children’s rights, among
others)
ALSO CONTRIBUTED TO THE CONSTRUCTION
AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE UNIFIED
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SYSTEM
The challenge to the creation of a model for the
Social Assistance Policy:
Non-contributory social
protection as a human
right.
Complying with the
Brazilian federal
organization and its legal
system.
Meeting different realities.
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE
Goals
Social
Protection
Social
Assistance
Monitoring
Upholding
Human Rights
Provisions
Security survival
Safe Refuge
Security of family and community life
Public
Families in vulnerable conditions; (low income, lack of access to rights and services, lack of infrastructure in their territories)
Families and Individuals at riskdue to civil and social rightsviolations (abandonment, domesticviolence, teenagers in trouble withthe law, homelessness, etc.),
A system that organizes the Social Assistance Policy benefits, with:
- National harmonisation of benefits- Definition of federated entities responsibilities
- Management parameters for each of the 3 federation levels.
WHAT IS SUAS
Unified Social Assistance System Organizes social programs, services, projects
and benefits, ensuring unified control in eachsphere.
How does SUAS work
Organizational Principles of SUAS (2012 SUAS Basic Operational Standard)
GUARANTEED ACCESS: to every citizen that needs it.
FREE OF CHARGE: no requirement for contributions or considerations.
INTER-SECTORAL APPROACH: integration and coordination.
EQUALITY: respect for diversity, prioritizing those who are in situations of
vulnerability and who are at personal and social risk.
Management
Forums
Ministry of Social
Development
and Fight against
Hunger
State
Secretariats
Municipal
Secretariats
Negotiations
Forums
Tripartite
Commission
Bipartite
Commission
Deliberation
and Social
Control
Forums
National Council
State Councils
Municipal
Councils
Funding
Forums
National
Fund
State
Funds
Municipal
Funds
Government and Non-governmental Network of Social Assistance Services
Recipient / users
SUAS: Governance Structure
FEDERAL ORGANISATION OF SUAS (LOAS and NOB/SUAS)
COMMON COMPETENCIES
Coordination and management of the policy regarding its scope (planning,
monitoring and evaluation; HR and financial management, regulation, etc.);
Co-financing of SUAS’ services, programs, projects and management
SPECIFIC COMPETENCIES
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
National Parameters;
Continuous Welfare
Benefit for the Elderly and
Disabled and Bolsa
Famila Program
Financing;
Technical Support;
Public disaster and
emergency (support).
STATES
Regionalised services;
Occasional benefits;
Technical Support and Capacity
Building;
Public disaster and emergency.
MUNICIPALITIES
Implementation of SUAS
and care services;
Occasional benefits;
Public disaster and
emergency.
SERVICE PROVISION
Assistance
Benefits
and conditional
cash transfers ServicesPrograms
Directly to
recipientsFund to Fund
Transfer,
regular and
automatic,
using
continuous
transfer
Fund to Fund
Transfer,
regular and
automatic
Projects
Voluntary
Transfer
(pledges)
Management Support
Scale of Risk and Vulnerability
Basic Social
Protection
Preventive actions; Strengthening ties
Audience: families living in a condition of social vulnerability
and/or the weakening of family ties and social belonging.
Special Social
Protection -
Medium
Complexity
Specialized monitoring; Prevention of institutionalization
Audience: Families and individuals at risk due to personal and
social rights violations resulting from abandonment, physical or
mental abuse, sexual abuse and exploitation, teenagers in
conflict with the law, homeless, etc.
Special Social
Protection -
High Complexity
Personalized sheltering; Rescue to Social Coexistence
Audience: Families and Individuals at risk due to personal and
social rights violations and the breaking of family ties.
LEVELS OF PROTECTION
SUAS SERVICES
Services Benefits
Programs Projects
Family
Services Agencies
Basic Social Protection
Service of Protection and Comprehensive Support to
Families and Individuals
Services for coexistence and strengthening ties;
CRASAgencies referred byCRAS
Special Social Protection - Medium Complexity
Service of Protection and Specialised Support for Families and
Individuals;
Specialized social outreach services;
Social protection service for adolescents in socio-educational
programmes, probation and community service
Special social protection service for people with disabilities, the
elderly and their families;
Specialized service for the homeless population.
CREAS
Agencies referred byCREAS
Centro-Pop
Special Social Protection - High Complexity
Home services: institutional; shared housing; foster family.
Protection service in disaster situations and emergencies.
Host Centres
CONTINUOUS BENEFITS Guarantee of a monthly minimum wage to the disabled and the
elderly aged 65 or more who prove they do not have the meansto provide for their own maintenance, or to have it provided bytheir family
Constitutional, individual and non-transferable, non-lifelongrights, independent of previous contributions
OCCASIONAL BENEFITS Additional and temporary provisions, provided to citizens and
families by virtue of birth, death, situations of temporary vulnerability and public disaster.
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE BENEFITS
Child Labor EradicationProgram (PETI)
BPC ESCOLA (Program that
monitors the access and permanence atschool of people with disabilities whoreceive the Continuous Welfare Benefitfor the Elderly and Disabled - BPC)
ACESSUAS TRABALHO /BPC TRABALHO (Programs
aimed at promoting the access ofsocially vulnerable people, includingpeople with disabilities who receiveBPC, to the labor market)
Programs that articulate inter-sectoral
initiatives
Fonte: http://www.hojemais.com.br/
SOCIAL WORK WITH FAMILIES
ACCESS TO INCOMEContinuous Welfare
Benefit for the Elderly and Disabled
Bolsa Familia Program
JOINT INTER-SECTORAL
INITIATIVES to access rights and
services from other policies
ACCESS TO SOCIAL ASSISTANCE
SERVICES
SUAS SERVICES NETWORK
Public-State Unit;
Municipal Unit
Support families and preventive actions;
Active Search of families in situations of
poverty and of social vulnerability –
Beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família
Program and the Continuous Welfare
Benefit for the Elderly and Disabled;
Territory Coordination and Management;
SERVICES:
Service of Protection and Comprehensive
Support to Families and Individuals;
Service for Coexistence and
Strengthening Ties;
Mobile Services.
Basic Social Protection: CRAS
Public-State Unit;
Municipal or Regional
coverage;
SERVICES :
PAEFI – Service of Protection
and Specialized Support to
Families and Individuals;
Services for teenagers in
trouble with the law;
Specialized Social Outreach
Services;
Specialized Monitoring of
families at risk due to
personal and social rights
violations
Medium Complexity Social Protection: CREAS
• Public-State Unit;
• Municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants or more than 50,000
inhabitants in metropolitan regions
• Specialized Service for Homeless People
• Specialized Social Outreach Service
• Individual and group consultations, workshops, encouraging leadership
and social involvement
• Individual and collective storage of personal belongings, food, and
personal hygiene.
Medium Complexity Social Protection: HOMELESS PEOPLE
CENTRE
Integral care of person away from family
and/or community by abandonment, abuse,
violence or judicial decision.
• Circles of Life:
- children and teenagers;
- adults and families (migrants, immigrants,
homeless people);
- women in situations of violence;
- youth and adults with disabilities;
• Institutional hosting:
House Shelter
Institutional Shelter
Halfway House
Inclusive Housing
Shared Housing Service
• Foster Family
High Complexity Social Protection:
Hosting services
ORGANIZATION OF THE SOCIAL ASSISTANCE
NETWORK IN THE TERRITORIES
CRAS, CREAS and Centro-POP
Referred agencies
Referred agencies
Referred agencies
Mobile teams in
the Territory
(PAIF, Social
Approach)
What have we achieved in
the last 10 years
Some highlights
Foto: Acervo / MDS
MANAGEMENT
Instituted the SUAS
Governance model
throughout the national
territory
Optimized Public Finance
Professionalized the
sector
2015: 99.3% OF MUNICIPALITIES2005: 24.5% OF MUNICIPALITIES
(Network Co-financed by MDS. Nov/15)(Network Co-financed by MDS. Dec/2005)
Initiatives supported by the Federal Government.
2015: 95% of the municipalities with
over 20,000 inhabitants
2005: 41% of the municipalities with
over 20,000 inhabitants
(Network Co-financed by MDS. Dec/2005) (Network Co-financed by MDS. Nov/15)
Initiatives supported by the Federal Government.
89% of municipalities
with over 50,000
inhabitants
2014 SUAS CENSUS
Total Host Centres
012-34-78 or more
SERVICE NETWORK: EFFORTS TO MEET THE
UNIQUE REQUIREMENTS OF THE TERRITORIES
Image: Ubirajara Machado/MDS
1,158 municipalities with mobile
teams
257 municipalities with vesselsSource: 2014 SUAS CENSUS
2,149 municipalities
with Active Search
Source: 2014 SUAS CENSUS; 2014 RMA
3.5
2.5
31.1
7.0
Percentual da população em situação de extrema pobreza (%)
Percentual da população em situação de pobreza (%)
REDUCTION OF POVERTY AND EXTREME POVERTY,
Brazil, 1992-2014
Source: IBGE/PNAD. Elaborated by: SAGI/MDS
Percentage of the population in extreme poverty (%)
Percentage of population in poverty (%)
Evolution of chronic multidimensional poverty
Brazil, 2002 - 2014 (%)
Source: IBGE/PNAD. Elaborated by: SAGI/MDS
What advantages did the
adoption of the Unified
System model bring to the
social assistance policy
Centralised control: setting parameters for provisions;
organization of management and services; public/private
collaboration
Nationally defined parameters and decentralized supply /
close to the population
Shared management, with co-responsibilities of federal
entities, including public funding
Social control, with participation of users / civil society in
the different spheres (councils)
Nationwide management of the Unified Registry and
service coverage with strong capillarity and possibilities
of adaptation to the reality of the territories.
DECISION MAKING MODEL
National parameters, criteria for public
resources allocation, policy direction and
planning:
Defined with the participation of
entities and users/civil society
HOW WAS IT MADE VIABLE?
institutionalized spaces for inter-federational
negotiation and for the participation of users/civil
society;
democratic and transparent processes
feedback through conference proceedings
(assessment and new demands);
THANK YOU!
Ministry of Social Development and Fight Against
Hunger
MDS CUSTOMER RELATIONS: 0800 707 2003
www.mds.gov.br
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