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Millimetre cloud radars at CFARR
94 GHz radar in cradle and 35 GHz radar on mount
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Status of millimetre wave cloud radars:• 94 GHz Galileo radar has been experiencing loss of transmitter power and apart from a few days of operation it has been switched-off since 9th April 2004. • Recent malfunction of the receiver is currently under investigation.
• 35 GHz Copernicus radar has been operating since early May 2004. The radar has two modes of operation: transmitting (1) coded and (2) uncoded pulses.
By adopting the pulse compression mode it is possibleto improve sensitivity by ~10dB.
The radar measures: Full Doppler spectrum, the spectral moments and the polarimetric parameters
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Specification of 35 GHz Copernicus radar:
• Transmitter is based on a programmable waveform generator driving a high-power pulsed amplifier tube (EIKA).
• The receiver is a dual channel, double-conversion superheterodyne with separate IF chains for simultaneous co-polar and cross-polar measurements.
• Dual-polarisation antenna (2.4 m) includes a fast transmit polarisation switch.
• Tx power 1.5 kW peak pulse• Range resolution 75 metres• Beamwidth 0.23 degrees• PRF 5000 Hz• Unambiguous velocity ~5.3 m/s• Minimum range in pulse compression mode ~500 metres
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Uncoded pulse
Coded pulse [Pulse CompressionGain ~10dB]
35 GHz Copernicus radar data
radar reflectivity velocity away from radar
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Uncoded pulse
Coded pulse [Pulse CompressionGain ~10dB]
35 GHz Copernicus radar data
radar reflectivity velocity away from radar
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UV Raman Lidar IR Lidar CT75K
Ceilometercollects backscatter
Lidars
Radiosonde comparisons with integrated water vapour profileperformed during July 2004
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Pyrgeometer & PyranometerBroadband Radiometers
Radiometers
Microwave radiometers
Retrieving LWP and IWVFrom 22.2 and 28.8 GHz
[37.5 GHz under investigation for instability]
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Additional measurements: One month of data.
Comparison of performance between pulsed radar and low powerFMCW unit (100mw Tx power)
Two examples:
FMCW - low power radar
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