Download - Spine Outline Sports Med. Anatomy Bones of the Vertebral Column Bones of the Vertebral Column 33 vertebrae 33 vertebrae 24 movable (true) 24 movable (true)

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Spine Outline

Sports Med

Anatomy Bones of the Vertebral Column

33 vertebrae 24 movable (true) 9 immovable (false)

Movable Cervical, thoracic, lumbar

Immovable Sacrum, coccyx

Cervical Spine

7 Vertebrae C1 Atlas

Supports head Has no body or spinous process Movements = flexion, extension, lateral movements

C2 Axis Allows rotation

Thoracic Spine

12 Vertebrae Articulate with the ribs

Lumbar Spine

5 vertebrae Major support of the low back Largest and thickest

Sacrum Coccyx

Fusion of 5 vertebrae in adults Sacroiliac joint

While sitting weight is transmitted through these joints

Also known as the tailbone

Intervertebral Disks

Between each of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae lies disks Each disk is composed of annulus fibrosus

and the nucleus pulposus Annulus fibrosus

Forms the periphery of the disk Composed of strong, firbrous tissue

Nucleus pulposus In the center of the annulus fibrosus Shock absorption

Ligamentous Structures Anterior longitudinal ligament Wide strong band extends the full length of the

anterior surface of vertebrae Posterior longitudinal ligament

Inside the canal and extends the full length of the posterior aspect

Supraspinous Connects spinous processes

Muscles of the Spine

Superficial Erector spinae

Extends the spine

Deep Go from vertebrae to vertebrae Extend and rotate the spine multifidus

Spinal Nerves and Peripheral Branches

31 pairs of spinal nerves Each has specific area of sensory called

dermatomes Loss of sensation = nerve damage

Nerves form a plexus

Movements of the verterbral column

Flexion Extension Right and left lateral flexion Rotation to the left and right

Preventing Injuries to the Spine

Cervical Can be life threatening Strengthening is critical Bull the neck Isometric, isotonic, isokinetic contractions

can be used Watch for spearing

Preventing injuries to the spine

Lumbar Low back pain is the most common Avoid unnecessary strain Be aware of posture anomalies of the athlete Abdominal strength is essential