15/30/2016
New Multifunctional Antiscalant for Reverse OsmosisS. Sujandi, F. Edwie
BASF South East Asia Pte. Ltd., Singapore
EDS Conference, Rome, Italy, 22-26 May 2016
1
Water ResourceHow Much Water Do We Have?
25/30/2016
Salt water
97.5%
Fresh water
2.5%
Frozen Fresh
Water
Ground &
Surface water
70% 30%
Water Supply & Demand Balance 2030Km, based on 154 basins/regions
900
600
3.500
700
4,200
Agriculture
Industry
Municipal &
Domestic
Surface
Water
Ground
Water
Existing
accessible,
sustainable
supply
2030
withdrawals
6,900
4,500
1,500
Existing
withdrawals
4,500
3,100
800
-39%2%
CAGR
2010-30
Only 0.76% of earth water is
accessible ground water and
surface water
Source: EV/BS, ZZS forecast, UN, Lux Research
Global Water Resource
Ground water depletion and surface
water pollution limits availability
Water resources are unevenly distributed
and often inaccessible
2.3 billion people live in water stressed regions
300 million people in 150 countries use desalinated water
Desalinated water production: 75 million m3/day
of which 47 million m3/day (~63%) produced via RO
Feed water sources: 59% seawater; 22% brackish water, 9% river
water, 6% waste water, 4% pure water
Socio-economic megatrends (population growth, urbanization,
industrialization and resource contamination) will drive 53% increase
in global water consumption by 2030
35/30/2016
Sources: Shiklomanov & UNESCO, 1999 & DesalData 2015
Water DesalinationSome Facts
Pre-treatment protects RO membranes and improves productivity
RO DesalinationImportance of Pre-treatment
45/30/2016
Antiscalant
Permeate
High
Pressure
Pump
RO Membrane(1 or 2 stages)
RO ProcessPre-Treatment
Filter
Physical & Chemical Functions
Coagulation
Flocculation
Sedimentation
Antiscaling
Seperation / salt rejection
Brine
Mode of Action & Problems
Water flow
Problems
Concentration polarization
Membrane scaling & fouling
RO DesalinationWhy Does It Need Multifuntional Antiscalant?
55/30/2016
Ca2+
Mg2+
Ba2+
Fe / Mn / Al
Silicates
Dissolved organic
matters (DOM)
Dissolved minerals
HCO3-
CO3-
SO42-
NO3-
PO43-
Biological matters
Feed
WaterSuspended matters
Typical Feed Water Composition Main scale & fouling problems
Mn foulingFe fouling
CaCO3 scaling Damage
CaCO3, CaSO4, silica &
Ca3(PO4)2 scalings
Colloidal & Fe/ Mn foulings
Membrane damage by high
differential pressure
RO DesalinationHow Does Scale Form?
65/30/2016
A B C
D
E
Temperature
Concentr
ation
Under-
saturation
Inverse solubility salt
(e.g. CaCO3)
Nucleation
& crystal
growth
Super-
saturation
RO desalination process drives the water system to scaling region
Multifunctional Antiscalant for ROHow Does It Work?
75/30/2016
A B C
D
E
Temperature
Concentr
ation
Inverse solubility salt
(e.g. CaCO3)
Mere surface effects: Crystallization inhibition and particles dipersion
Threshold inhibition
Crystal modification & dispersion
ExperimentalStatic and Dynamic Test Methods
85/30/2016
Laboratory Jar / beaker Test:
Simulating Crystallizations and
Particles Deposition
Crystal inhibition test
Particle dispersion test
Laboratory Flat Sheet RO Test:
Simulating the Dynamic of a Real RO
Desalination Plant
Flat-sheet RO test rig
Sokalan RO 3500 from BASFPerformance vs. Benchmark
95/30/2016
Very low phosphorus content
(< 50 g P/L vs. 1500 g P/L for
ATMP @ 5 ppm dose & 75% Rec.)
A multifunctional antiscalant to
handle multiple scale potentials
Outperforms competitor product in
CaSO4, BaSO4 & Ca-PO4
inhibitions, and iron control.
Performs at the same level as
Polymaleate/Phosphonate blend in
CaCO3 inhibition
Laboratory Jar / beaker Test Results
Designed to control inorganic scales, iron fouling and colloidal/silt deposition
0
100
CaCO3 inhibition(pH 8.2, 24hrs, 40 C)
CaSO4 inhibition(pH 8.1, 3 hrs, 40 C)
BaSO4 inhibition(pH 8.0, 4 hrs, 60 C)
Ca-PO4 inhibition(pH 7.8, 17 hrs, 40 C)
Fe(III) Stabilization(pH 8.1, 2 hrs, 40 C)
Fe2O3 dispersion(1 hr, RT)
Colloidal/Silt Dispersion
Sokalan RO 3500 Benchmark productSokalan RO 3500
Laboratory RO Flat-Sheet Test RigTwo Possible Experiment Modes
105/30/2016
Feed
Vessel
Pump
RO Membrane
Concentrate
Permeate
Heat
exchanger
ValveContinuous permeate withdrawal
mode: Study the maximum water
recovery achievable with an
antiscalant
Permeate and concentrate
recirculation mode: Study water
system stabilization at constant
recovery by an antiscalant
115/30/2016
Species ppm
Ca 128
Mg 118
Na 806
K 37
Sr 1.5
HCO3 1162
SO4 425
Cl 859
TDS 3537.5
pH 8.2
Anti-
scalant8
Temp 30 oC
Continuous permeate
withdrawal mode
Higher water recovery with Sokalan RO 3500 -
Control higher maximum LSI (3.09 vs. 3.05)
Sokalan RO 3500 from BASFControl High LSI
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75%
Rela
tive
No
rma
lize
d P
erm
ea
bilit
y (
PR/P
o)
Water Recovery
Sokalan RO 3500
Benchmark
Sokalan RO 3500
125/30/2016
Species mg/l
Ca 204
Mg 14.8
Na 1404
K 99.2
Fe 1.2
HCO3 242
SO4 504
PO4 20
F 28
Cl 2211.2
TDS 4680.4
pH 7.8
Temp 30 oC
Recovery 75%
RO 3500 3.3 @ feed
Recirculation exp. mode
Sokalan RO 35000%
10%
20%
30%
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
blank
Time (hour)
% F
e p
rec
ipit
ate
d
Sokalan RO 35000%
10%
20%
30%
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
% P
O4
pre
cip
ita
ted
blank
Time (hour)
Iron fouling control
Ca-PO4 scale control
Sokalan RO 3500 from BASFEffective Against Iron and Ca-PO4
Sokalan RO 3500 practically stabilizes Fe and PO4 in
feed solution
Sokalan RO 3500
Sokalan RO 3500
Sokalan RO Xpert from BASFProprietary Software for RO Desalination
135/30/2016
Consider ion pairs interaction among all cations and anions present in feed water.
Use free concentration of cation and anion to calculate scaling indices.
Allow precise product selection & dosage calculation for specific feed water.
[Cation]free = [Cation]bulk [Cation]ion pair
[Anion]free = [Anion]bulk [Anion]ion pair
Sokalan RO Xpert is fully available for partners and customers
Do
se
re
co
mm
en
dati
on
Saturation indice
Expon.(Datenreihen1)
Expon.(Datenreihen2)
Bulk concentration
Free concentration
Sokalan RO 3500 from BASFPilot Trial SWRO Desalination, Spain
145/30/2016
Pilot operation : started on Sep 4th, 2015
Feed water flow: 7.8 m3/hr; pH 8.1
Recovery : 45%
RO membranes : Hydranautics SWC4B MAX
Sokalan RO 3500 antiscalant dosing
started on Oct 20th 2015 at dosage =
1.0 ppm. The pilot plant has been
running smoothly since then.
Prior to Sokalan RO 3500 dosing,
the pilot plant was dosed with
phosphonate polycarboxylate based
antiscalant at dosage = 1.2 ppm.
Feedwater untreated
Treated with Sokalan RO 3500
Sokalan RO 3500 offers higher performance at lower dosage
Sokalan RO 3500 from BASFSummary
Modified polycarboxylate with very low phosphorus content
(< 50 g P / L vs. 1500 g P / L for ATMP @ 5 ppm dose rate & 75% recovery)
Multifunctional scale inhibitor for line operation at high recovery rates
Inhibits RO membrane scaling caused by the following: Calcium Carbonate,
Calcium Sulfate, Barium Sulfate, Calcium Phosphate, Calcium Fluoride
Excellent prevention against iron fouling
Excellent dispersant properties to prevent colloidal and silt depositions
Provide standard silica scale inhibition under published laboratory method
Best in class antiscalant for water reuse / tertiary effluent application - providing
protection against iron fouling and Ca-phosphate scaling
Outperforms phosphonate-based antiscalants
Dose rate prediction by using Sokalan RO Xpert software from BASF
155/30/2016
Designed to control inorganic scales, iron fouling and colloidal/silt deposition
INTERNAL
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