1
Software
CSIT-100
3
Software
4
Software
• System Software
• Application Software
5
1. System Software
• Operating systems
• Utilities
• Computer languages
6
2. Application Software
• Graphics/Multimedia Software
• Entertainment software
• Professional software
• …
2
7
Next … talk about System Software
• Operating systems
• Utilities
• Computer languages
8
Operating system
• Main program that controls how a computer system functions.
9
Operating system
• Main program that controls how a computer system functions.
• All computer systems have an operating system
10
Operating system
• Main program that controls how a computer system functions.
• All computer systems have an operating system
• Examples ?
11
Operating system
• Main program that controls how a computer system functions.
• All computer systems have an operating system
• Examples: MS Windows, Mac OS, Linux, UNIX, Android, iOS
12
Operating systems: examples
3
13
Operating system: User Interface
14
Operating system: User Interface
15
Operating systems: examples
16
Operating systems: examples
17
Hardware
ACCESS
SoftwareApplications
WORD
EXCEL
Hardware … Software
18
Hardware
ACCESS
SoftwareApplications
WORD
EXCEL
Operating System
The glue …
4
19
Operating Systems
• … are programs that coordinate: Interactions of hardware components to each other Interaction between application software and
computer hardware
• Manage memory
• Handle input and output devices…
20
Drivers
• Are software programs that allow applications on a computer to interact with a hardware device
• You may see them used for:– Video card
– Audio card
– Ethernet adapter
– Wireless cards
– Printers, scanners…
– …
21
Firmware
• Are programs within devices that are usually located in ROM or flash memory.
• Without these programs, devices would not function
• Very basic instructions
22
Utilities
• Software designed to maintain, tune, improve and manage the operating system, other software or computer hardware.
23
Utilities
• Examples of software utilities:– Virus scanners
– Disk defragmenter
– Disk Clean up
25
Utilities – Virus Scanners
• Examples of Anti Virus/Malware software
– Kaspersky
– F-Secure
– Trend Micro
Microsoft Security Essentials (free, for PC)
PC Tools AntiVir - free version offeredNOD32
G DATA
Panda BitDefenderAVG – free version offered
Above average anti-virus
http://www.av-comparatives.org/
5
26
Utilities – Virus Scanners for OSX
• ClamXav (free)
• Norton
• Sophos (free)
• BitDefender
• McAfee
• Kaspersky
• …
27
Utilities – Online Virus Scanners
• Online virus/malware scanning– http://www.virustotal.com/
– http://virusscan.jotti.org/
– …
– More sites can be found, search the internet using keywords: online virus scanning, online malware scanning, …
28
Utilities – Firewalls
• blocks unauthorized network access, while allowing authorized communication on the network.
29
Freeware
• Comodo Firewall
• ZoneAlarm
• TinyWall
• Privatefirewall
• …
For a fee…
• Hands Off! (OSX)
• Little Snitch (OSX)
• ZoneAlarm Pro
• Norton Personal Firewall
• Kaspersky Internet Security
• … many more
Utilities – Firewalls
30
Utilities – Firewalls
Pop-up presented by
Comodo firewall
31
Utilities – Disk defragmenter
• A utility that arranges files on a hard disk in sequential order.
• Reunites fragmented files so your computer can run more efficiently.
6
32
Fragmented disk
33
Both…
34
Defragmenter software…
• Diskeeper (pay)
• UltimateDefrag (pay)
• O&O Defrag (pay)
• Ashampoo Magical Defrag (pay)
• Defraggler (free)
35
Disk drive…
36
Disk …
37
Disk …
7
38
Defragmenting in Windows OS
• START
• All programs
• Accessories
• System Tools
• …. Show
39
Before and after…
Before
After
40
Disk Cleanup…
• The process the enables you to cleanup your disk from unnecessary files.
• How?
41
Disk Cleanup… how?
• START
• All programs
• Accessories
• System Tools
• …. Show
42
Application Software
• Graphics/Multimedia Software
• Entertainment software
• Professional software
• …
43
Graphics/Multimedia Software
• Application programs …– Image editing/processing
– Drawing
– Video Editing
8
44
1. Image editing (raster graphics, bitmap)
• MS Paint
• Paint.Net (free)
• Adobe Photoshop
• GIMP (free)
45
Adobe Illustrator
Inkscape
OpenOffice.org Draw
Microsoft Expression Design
Corel Draw
2. Drawing (vector graphics)
46
2. Drawing (vector graphics)
inkscape 47
Bitmap vs. Vector graphics
48
3. Video editing …
• Sony Vegas
• Windows Movie Maker
• Apple Final Cut
• Adobe Premiere
49
Entertainment software
• Games software
• Music …
• Video …
9
50
Games …
51
Music … video
52
Professional software
• Word processors
• Database
• Spreadsheet
• Presentation
• Financial
53
Computer Languages
• Application packages that can be used to create the above categories
54
Computer Languages
• “Hello World”– is the first program one usually writes when learning a
new programming language.
– First appeared in chapter 1.1 of Kernighan & Ritchie's book about C, "The C Programming Language", in 1978 Looked as follows:
main() {printf("hello, world\n");
}
55
Computer Languages
// Hello World in ISO C++#include <iostream>
int main(){
std::cout << "Hello World!" << std::endl;}
10
56
Computer Languages
// Hello World in Java
public class HelloWorld {public static void main( String args[] ) {
System.out.println( "Hello World!" );}
}
57
Computer Languages
-- Hello World in Ada
with Text_IO;procedure Hello_World is
beginText_IO.Put_Line("Hello World!");
end Hello_World;
The fly-by-wire system software in the Boeing 777 was written in Ada.
58
Computer Languages
• More “Hello World” examples, in many different languages, can be found here:
– http://www.roesler-ac.de/wolfram/hello.htm
59
Web languages …
• Java, XML, HTML, PHP, JavaScript…
Hypertext Preprocessor
60
…types of Software
61
Software…function
11
62
Booting
63
Booting
• The process of loading the operating system program into the memory (RAM) … is called initializing or booting-up.
64
Booting process
65
Booting …
• The process of loading the operating system program into the memory is called initializing or booting-up.
a) Cold boot
b) Warm boot
66
Cold Boot
• Loads the system instructions, stored in a ROM, by turning manually the power ON.
67
Warm Boot
• Clears the RAM and reloads the operating system without turning off the computer.
• How ?
12
68
Warm Boot
• Clears the RAM and reloads the operating system without turning off the computer.
• How ?
Restart
69
Warm Boot is used to…
• The warm boot is used to overcome computer-freeze or computer lock-up
Top Related