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SH^ar-H

THE SCHEME OF ‘OPERATION BLACKBOARD'

The Policy and Perspective

(Jniversalisation o f Elementary Education (UE E) has been one o f the goals o f educational developm ent. Provision o f free and com pulsory education to all the children until they com plete the age o f 14 years is a D irective Principle o f the Constitution. It is a part o f the M inim um N eeds Programme as well as the 20- Point Programme 1986. The N ational P olicy on Education, 1986 also gives an unqualified r-ricrity to U E E . It resolves that it shall be ensured that all children who attain the age o f about11 years by 1990 w ill have had 5 years o f schooling, or its equiva­lent through the N or-F orm al stream, and, likew ise, by 1995 all children w ill to provided free and com pulsory education upto 14 years o f age,

2. The policy em bodies the concept o f a N ation a l System o f Education that lays em phasis on elim ination o f disparities in the educational system and on im provement in the quality o f publicly funded schools so that whatever the socio-econom ic background o f the student, upto a given level he/she has access to education o f a comparable quality. The Programme o f A ction o f the N PE aim s at achieving the goal o f a Com m on School System , through strategies that focus effort on the under­privileged, the econom ically weak, the educationally disadvan­

taged, and the areas that need special attention. It recomm ends that at the elementary level a child-centred approach will be ad­opted and the academ ic programme and school activities built around the child. It also proposes measures to effect im prove­m ent in the quality o f education through reform o f the content and process o f education, im provem ent in school facilities, provision .o f additional teachers, laying down minimum levels o f learning, etc,

24

3. The U nion G overnm ent has accepted a larger responsi­b ility in regard to m aintenance o f quality[and'standards o f edu­cation at all levels o f the educational process throughout the country. But the role and responsibility o f the States remain undiminished— im plem entation o f the N P E m ust engage the States’ full attention, and it is only i f the task o f im plem entation is taken up with vigour, persistence and a sense o f urgency that the new schemes o f quantitative expansion and qualitative im ­provement, aimed eventually at a transform ation o f the whole system, have any chance o f being realised.

Components of Operation Blackboard (OB)

4. The scheme for a substantial im provem ent in facilities in primary education has sym bolically been named O PER A TIO N BL A CK BO A R D (OB). OB lays down the m inim um level o f facilities to be provided in all primary schools which have been established so far, and it also prescribes the m inimum level o f funding for all new prim ary schools to be opened in future. There are three interdependent com ponents o f OB '—

(1) Provision o f at least two reasonably large room s that are usable in a ll weather w ith a deep verandah alongwith separate to ilet facilities for boys and girls.

(2) Provision o f at least two teachers, as far as possible one o f them a w om an in every primary school.

(3) Provision o f essential teaching and learning material including blackboards, m aps, charts, a sm all library, toys and gam es and som e equipm ent for work experience.

OB is to be implem ented in m unicipal areas as well as villages. Its scope is confined to prim ary schools (viz. schools upto Class IV or V depending upon the structure in different States/U T s) upper primary schools and secondary schools, even i f they have Classes I to IV/V, are not covered under this scheme,

5. The coverage o f OB is to be extended to all primary sehools run by Government, local bodies, Penchayat Raj Institutions and recognised aided institutions. It needs to b* kept in Blind

25

that this scheme is m eant for educational institutions which have remained deprived o f facilities and resources in the past.

Selection of Blocks and Municipal Areas6. Over the next 2-3 years OB w ill be im plem ented in the

entire country. This w ill, however, be done in a phased manner, beginning with 20 per cent o f the blocks and m unicipal areas in 1987-88, 30% in 88-89 and 50% in 89-90. The first step in im plem entation o f OB is to select CD blocks/m unicipal areas for im plem entation. In the selection o f blocks, the follow ing considerations may be kept in view ;—

(a) N o district may be left out.

(b) A dditional blocks m ay be given in a reasonable pro­portion to the to ta l number o f blocks in a district.

(c) Preference in the selection o f blocks should be given to those which are educationally disadvantaged and have concentration o f persons belonging to Scheduled Castes and educationally disadvantaged Scheduled Tribes and m inorities.

The State Governments may lay down certain other criteria in the process o f selection. The governing consideration should be greater p eop le’s participation, possibilities o f success o f the schem e and the overall strategies spelt out in NPE.

7. The criteria for selection o f municipal areas w ill have to be worked out by the State Governments themselves. It is suggested that sm aller m unicipal areas should be treated as a single unit and a percentage o f such areas in a district m ay be taken up. A s far as large cities are concerned, im plem entation o f the schem e in the first year should be restricted to 20 per cent o f the m unicipal wards.

Survey and Project Formulation8. Survey o f ex isting facilities is to be undertaken as soon

as selection o f C D blocks and m unicipal areas has been com ­pleted. The proform a for survey has been evolved in consul­tation with N C ER T and has been com m unicated to the States separately.

26

9. There are two distinct categories o f survey under OB. One, in respect o f 20 per cent C D blocks and m unicipal areas in which OB is to be im plem ented in 1987-88; and tw o, survey o f the rem aining 80 per cent o f the C D blocks and m unicipal areas in which. OB w ill be implemented in the next 2-3 years. A s far as the first category is concerned, viz. 20 per cent o f the blocks and m unicipal areas, special survey drive have had to be undertaken. In respect o f the second category, viz., the re­maining 80 per cent o f the blocks and municipal areas, the survey sheets w ill be canvassed alongwith the Fifth A ll India Educa­tional Survey. In respect o f this category N C ER T has issued detailed instructions for the survey staff.

10. The reference date for survey under OB is the sam e as for the Fifth A ll India Educational Survey, v iz ., 30 September 1986. This date w ill a lso hold good for determining the number o f single teacher schools, which have to be provided second teacher under OB.

11. The results o f the survey have to be com piled in two parts; Part I—relating to the requirement o f additional teachers for the single teacher schools. Part II—-the rem aining data, viz., availability o f buildings and teaching/learning materials to be com piled with the form o f a block project. The block project w ill include blockw ise and m unicipality-wise con soli­dated d a ta - existing facilties as well as deficiencies. The block project w ill also indicate the measures taken for involvem ent o f teachers, local com m unities and necessary assurances regar­ding land, fencing, maintenance, replacements e tc . M ention should also b e m ade in the b lo c k projects regarding appointm ent o f women teachers and the measures taken ior ensuring that the teachers appointed w ill in fact serve at the place o f their posting.

Construction of School Buildings

12. N o separate funds are being provided under OB by the M inistry o f ■ H R D (Departm ent o f Education) for construction o f primary school buildings. Some State Governments were

27

provided flip us bv the Eight!'. F inance Cemmis.non for cons- fruct ion o f school buiki ings and steps sbouIJ 'be taken for t imely and planned use o f those funds. N a t i ona l Rural Employment P rogr amme (NR.EP) and Rural Landless Employment Guaran tee P ro gr am m e (RLEGP) have considerable funds in all S.ates/ UTs. A decision has been t aken a t the mghe-.t le\e: to give high priori ty under these schemes to const ruct ion o f p r imary school buildings. This decision has been incorporate;.: ia tire manual recently b rough t ou t by the Ministry o f Ac•••a.hure ( Dept t . o f Rural IX\clopmer>(), Governniu:*. o f inula. Tiiis priori ty has been rei ierated by the Depar tment oi Rara i Develop- iiiCiVc \ (n l ;s' ev./ci'v'l<-ii y s i n s t r u c i i o ^ iv> S 1.':ilc v j _ y " .n i o ' i t sin his O.O. letter No. M. 20042/27-85 R L E G P Ja . e u 3!)-7-87. The Coord ina t ion Commit t ee set up by aii Stana G.ner.nrnents under the cha i rmansh ip o f Ch ief Secretary to o'< crsae - i r rL-ncn- tafion o f NPld should be able to ensure that ' eqaaae -r:nds become available under N R E P / R L E G P i’or tTc y rrur.irne of cons ; r i ; cuon of p r ima .y v_hool beddings. It may ii; a ' a nn ed : r a t the essential parameter s o f N R E P / R L E G P will remain unchanged even when these p rogrammes are used har Oak The 'allowing f a a n a ' elar iheabtna, are given in ;; :s ivearu :

(A) Va ce - sa ry L a d for c on s t ru c t i o n o f m. hooi bah._ang^ i nc l ud i ng l a nd for games and spo r ' s . has to r e p o e T a e d by the l ocal c o m m u n i t y .

f'B) The i . ' ca1 cor , i rnu” i:y, prefcrabiy v i;L;ge Z J i . : a . i o r i C o m n v .tees, ha ve ; o g i v e a f o rma t u nd e r t a :o ng t ha t they -Tali iahe re spons ibi l i t y for r ep a i r a n d n v e n . c n a n c a oi’ t he ma id ing .

(C) T h e T e a l c o m m u n i t y has also to ada? resp: o d d i t y t o r an a p p ro p r i a t e f encing a r o u n d the s chool c.; rewound, it c oa k l be a pu eca vea.ll or hedge or ba rbed wire , bu t s i dn e i ea t to prcv-.a'- t he s ch oo l c o m no and be*, caning a t h o r o ag ih a r e h r h u m a n s and cat t le .

] be n r opo vo on between l a b ou r and rna'c.aa; c c r ' r c r c n t u nd e r > . 'REP and R L E G P is 50 : 50. i f the requirement o! ma l e n a ! ;s m or e t h an t ha t , it will have t o be provided

28

by the S tate Governm ents, local bodies or the village com m unity. In the case o f ISiREP, it may be possible to lump the work o f primary school building with other works, such, as social forestry and deficiency o f village tank, ana thereby ensuring 50 : 50 ratio between labour and mater ial com ponents.

(E) E.aer- o f the room:, t o he c o n s i r a e i e d shou ld be app rovi - i i y 30 sl). mic:,. in area and the verand ah o f ap pr ox i ­mately ‘<-10 loci dep th . Even if t her e a rc tw o roc ms in cxe.; .ace at noy on I, ba t Ihesr a r ea is much less and they a . c . ui ,ai: d a c io r y . new ,-.x)!ib may be c: 'a aructed.

0 ^d'scotex Loiiets f.-r boy-, and gh is mils1. d r;a

:d . "'..nr ( d e a e m m y a : shou ld ge. g o o i a r c :d i ce i r . a'viC- y ;: m a d e for e o r s t r u y i i o n c . ‘p r i ma ry s cho o l bin

:-r.o:..:d a d e c a a : . v. d h o a t be ing o s t en t a t i ou s and a-oi;f., me rged wol! w;d; ti ' e v idage en v i r o n m e n t . a

rage v’-i'erjiiipr'-crn. and wed plastered blackboards should a|s(> . rr!":■> nart id' die st ructure m-eif in the rooms ,;s wed as at hot;; s. ad - o f the verandah.

S.a .wai SaUes arc i ' a t - d vd ih an acu t e d r o u g h t s i t u a t i o n n m yea r a n d co n s i d e r ab l e ex pe nd i t u r e 's hkely to be; incurred on provision o f relief w o rk s to drought a fleeted! families. Th e possibility should be explored o f the labour com ponent on school buildings being met out o f these relief works if the funds for material compo-j nent can be found from som e other source under the

29

of the S tate Government , the local bodies, or

" nnir ic ipyl areas arc concc; !u?d the S ta te Govern- .* to k .uKc nccessasy a rrangements f .v school buil-b: po:,sihi? in so m e irumicipi-i a r i a s t c a l l oca t e- i i i " ' ’ pu r r . - . a . A;: sc me p :a :x s it may be

; b.n c.s s o r propc-i tv or a i 'erai mun i c ipa l i b a * . b ;::a) be p..-- r-ihk- to r: b.v c b ^ m b o r s iVcm

remrb",i:v: b' ' 0. The rT-.r. r rU: bor oe; vriv.; rsiat: the

!S 50 fc p t c m b K,,:6. 7 !v' ! ( l ^ b r :; ^ : ; . b b r ^ b . - : ,v T be

(a) The 5k,;t - G-..’.cn' .me'it ' ' i l l ne<-d give a ca tegor ical assirar.c:.- that all new pr imary rcb r o l s onencd will be provided two leacbers.

(b) To the extent possible all new teachers to be appo i n ted should b.‘ women, it will be advisable if every schoo l has at least one wo man teach,er. However, if wo men l e ac hcr scanno t reside in the village where they are pos­ted is' ca nn o t easily c o m m u te there, the second teacher may ab.o be male, but cor respond ing increase in the number o f wo men teachers should be made in u r ba n

13. As r u n t s will d ngs. ]r i link: pr! unsibic to

vi!

-o

30

areas or in other locat ions where i t is possible to increase the nu mb er o f women teachers.

(c) In the appo in tmen t o f teachers spat ial cons idera t ion*need to be kept in view, i f t rained t eacher s belonging to r emote rural areas are avai lable they shou ld be given preference, wi thout d is turbing the b road pol icy r ega rd ing ap po in tm en t of teachers. Likewise, preference should be given to trained teachers belonging to SC/ST.

(d) In some S ta te s /UTs there are a n um be r o f t r ained tea­cher s awa i t ing appo intmen ts for several years. Iii all cases wne ie persons vramed 2-3 years p r io r to t - e i r appo i n tm en t ( and if they were not work ing as teacher s in the intervening per iod) are appointed , they should be provided a suitable refresher course , say o f one mo n th dura t ion . Necessary p repa ra t ions for this purpose should be made immediately. The mater ia l prepared by N C E R T for the massive summ er vac a t ion t eacher t r aining p r og ram me could also supp lement o the r se- sources.

instructions lor Learning M aterial

The essential facilities in p r imary schools have l \ i spcii ou t in the Annex-1. This list has been prepared af ter a great deal o f examina t ion and should i .old good for all schools th r ous n o u t t h e c o un t r y . However, those .State G o v e r n m e n t s ' U i A u n t s. which c o n s i d e r it essential to make departu re f rom this list may do so p r o v i de d tha t they ca n give sufficient j u s t i f i c a t i on the re 'or and it does not lead to increase in costs.

16. There is an insisiancc under OB on purchase o f material o f good Quality. The past exper ience shows tha t the existing financial procedures oblige educat ional aum nus t ra to r s to go in for the cheapes t material , wh ich is generally of sub--tanciard quality. Under OB specif icat ions are being worked out in respect o f various i tems which lend this to such d is rup t ion . T r e Bureau o i ' Ind ia n S tanda rd ( formerly known as Ind ian S tandards Ins t i tu t ion— OS!) has been requested to lay down specif ications

in convu'.i.aiion with educa t ioni s t s and class r o o m teachers, Mcariwhole State’ Governments may work out the i r own speci- fi«u» •• which can be used for 1987-cc.

:7. A- -non a-, possible the work exper ience p rog ram me ip upp.T t,i:y schools and secondary/higher secondary schools shoe id lo: tod ilia! to ma nufac tu re : i . many items required under Oi> as po> ■: bic. As a part o f work cxn.’ncn c c the students should also !.v tr .oncd to produce material ok good qual i ty and di lut ion o f -.fnc.'V.v.iiors should not he permitted. Even polytechnics an;; i l l iiouk.l be encouraged to set up manufac tu r ing units iis e ' 0 ;v / . ; - : v.tYj.e't ‘'e:v."A-NvV.:. ' ie->C'U-Lanr projects.

18. Ih i responsibil i ty 1’or replenishment o f mater ials will have >o it.: borne by the S tate Governments or the local bodies a ' the case may be. Funds for this will have to be p rov ided in a systematic manner and while making p roposal s for sanct ion o f fu rd s under Of? Slate Governments would be expected ti> give necessary indicat ions in this regard.

19. In add i t ion to bringing ab o u t necessary changes in the p rocedure for purchase o f ins t ruct iona l learning mater ial , it will also be necessary to r eo rien t the teachers and to build an a tmosphere in which teachers use the mater ia l p rovided unde r OB and also improvise ins t ruc t ional mater ia l on thei r own ini ­tiative. This will have to be buil t into all p rog ramm es o f tea­che r edu ca t ion— preservice as well inservice. In add i t ion small s imple booklets should be b rough t ou t by S C E R T sto facil i tate p roper vse o f this material . It will also be necessary to make necessary changes in the f inanc ia l /account ing p rocedures and audi t requirements.

Financial Pat te rn and Procedure for Sanction

20. OB is a central ly sponsored scheme. N o separate funds have been p rov ided under it for cons truc t ion o f p r im ary school building - in rural areas. It is to form par t o f N R E P , R L E G P and other appropr ia t e schemes, including special area deve lop­ment schemes such as Tribal Sub-Plans , Hil l Areas Deve lopment Programme, Border Area Deve lopment P ro gr amm e, etc. Funds

3 1

32

for ap po in tm e n t o f sccond teacher s in single teacher schools a nd for purchase o f ins t ruc t iona l / ica rn ing mater ia l will be p rov ided by the Cen tra l G o ve rn m e n t o n h u ndr ed per cent basis up to the end o f the Seven th Piun. It shall be necessary for the S ta te G o v ern me nts to d raw up. and adhere to, a detai led p lan lor c o n s t r uc t io n o f p r imary school bui ldings as envisaged in OB. Wiii le sanct ions may be issued in 1987-88 releasing Centra! funds for second teacher s a n d equipment , eic. 0 1 1 t he basis o f the detai led plans in the subsequent two years the progress o f const ruc t ion o f buikPngs will be evaluated before cons ide ra t ion o f p roposal s for funds under OB. Th e liabili ty m respect oi teacher s ' pos ts wifi get t r ansferred to the S tate G ov er n m e nt s af ter the Seventh Plan. Necessa ry steps should be t a ken n o w itself to ensure that the liabil i ty during the e i gh th Plan gets t r ea ted as co m m i t t e d expend i ture by the Ninth F inance C o m ­mission. The Centra! assis tance is cont ingent upon the S la te Go ver nm en ts a n d ' o r local, bodies an d / o r the local co i rnmin ' ty t a k ing responsibi l i t ies as spelt ou t in this and the o reced ing p a r a ­graphs. The i r r esponsibi l i t ies wou ld include the f o l o w m g

(1) Detai led in format ion rega rd ing the m a n ne r in which bui ldings as envisaged in OB will be got cons t ructed wi th in well-defined t ime-frame.

(2) P rov i s ion o f con t ingency at the rate o f Rs. 500/- per a n n u m for every p r imary school.

(3) P rov i s ion o f land and fencing.

(4) An u nd er t ak ing rega rd ing repa i r and ma in tenance o f school buildings.

(5) An assurance tha t in future all sanct ion o f p r imary schools teachers and equ ipment would be p rov ided at. least at t he level envisaged under OB.

(6) An assurance tha t all teachers appo inted u n d er this scheme will be pu t th rough inservicc t r ain ing in a t im e-b ou nd p rogramme.

(7) Prov is ion o f funds for replenishment o f equipment .

In addit ion to these, the S late Gover nme nts will, also have to lake steps for detai led mic r o -p la nn ing for universal enrolment and retent ion ;;i t he el ementary stage. which is the basic objec­tive of OB. Measures will also need to be taker, for involve­m e n t o f t e a c h c s and the local co m m u n i t y not on!> in p lamimg a n d implementat ion of O B bu t to create an upsurge for n mi ver­sa! isaiion o! elemcmarx ; du ca t ion . It may aKo be nece.-y.iry to st rengthen the a d m m is t r a t i \ e s t ructures at the eieii;o;U.'■> >tagc. for vvh:ch '.here v. 1 11 be no ccm rally assi-ied -.cherne.

21. The on jec i ■- prepared at the block li-v j 'viii be •’< ■ ;- vc oy a S'aee Love1 L'a/peYw, ek Convmk i ;e v-;,,c > 1 may i\; i:c” .:ea by Chic. Secjetatp . 'Development Commissioner f kacai iea; S.c~ retary. Ls m em b er . i a p 'k’cak: i n d u c e ail person.'- r .x . . s s i r ; ; ue give ri:• . 1 c!ea.ance. The Central Government v,ill be repro- sented by 2 or 3 persons one f iom the Minkm y. ti.c o k ' . " to r epresent Far at ice area the th ird to r epresent \ C E R T . I k e Empowered Com m ittee should have powers to make ll.iui a u c ­t ion, which will be honoured by the Central as well as the .suite Govern m erits/Li T Adminis t ra t ions .

22. The Project proposal for each b lock or rnanicipal are.; will be prepa red separately. The S-.atc Go ver nm en t will have to ensure t h a t the fo rmat for prepa ra t ion of project r epor t 'n the same for all block/munic ipa l areas. The project r epor t for a b lock/m it nicipa! areas should give the number of pr imary semroi < being covered under Operat ion Black board and the deficiency in r ega rd to bui iding. second t eacher a n d each item o f essentia! equ i pment (as per list at Annex-!) . As ment ioned in pa ra 20, necessary detai ls r ega rding the source o f funds and t ime- frame will be given in respect o f the bui ldings componen t . The E m ­powered Commi t t ee for Opera t ion Blackboard will sanct ion the block/rnunicipal area-wise p rojec t in so far as they relate to die second t eacher and the essential equ ipment . It will be ad- t a n tag eo us i f all the proposals for the year for the State are placed before the Empowered Commi t t ee for sanct ion in one meet ing but in the interest o f the speedy execut ion o f the p r o ­g ramm e the Empowered Commi t t ee can consider the proposals

34

in r egard to the b locks /munic ipa l areas in m o r e th a n one mee t ­ing. as they become available. Similar ly the E m p o w er ed C o m ­mi t tee m a y cons ider sanct ion for sccond t eacher separate ly from the sanc t ion for essential equipment . However , no sanct ion of Centra! funds will be conside red unless a clearly spelt ou t plan lo r cons t ru c t ion o f p r imary school bui ldings, as envisaged in OB. i.-, presented to the Empow ere d Commi t t ee .

23. Sii .ee second t eacher is to be sanct ioned in places where there is only o r e t eacher in the school , all s econd teachers will be fresh ent ran ts to the service. Therefore, salary for the second t eacher should be comp uted the min i mum o f the pay scale presc ribed for the pr imary school teacher in the State concerned a l ong wi th the dearness and o the r a l lowances admissible. The Central assis tance for such teacher s e.g. those r ecrui t ed in 87-88 will be co m put ed for 88-89 after ad d i n g th e a m o u n t o f due annua! inc rement .

24. As far as equ ipment is concerned the list o f essentia! equ ip men t a long with the est imated cos t o f each i tem is a t Annex- I. The costs men t ioned o f individual i tems a re est imates only a n d the actual costs o f i tems may be more o r less the same in ma n y states. The cost o f p rocur ing an individual i tem can the re ­fore v a r y but effort will have to be made to keep the average cost pe r school o f the whole set o f equ ipment nea r -about Rs. 7125/-. Natu ra l ly , mos t schools will have some o f these i tems already. The survey of the identified blocks will i ndicate the availabili ty o f i tems in each school. The list in Annex-1 gives the n um be r o f each i tem tha t should be available to each p r imary school. Th e deficiency o f i tems in each school may be worked ou t on the basis o f this norm. Therefore, the b lock/munic ipa l a rea project r epor t under Opera t ion Bl ackboard will com pu te the r equ i re ­ment o f each item and the r equi rement o f funds on this basis. Th e list at Annex-1 gives the n o r m of availabil i ty for a p rimary school (1 to IV or V) with one sect ion to each class. I f a p r i ­mary school has more tha n one sect ion to each class (1 to IV o r V) the norm may be t aken as twice the num ber given in the list at Annex-1. Fur ther , with regard to t eacher s ' furni ture

35

and blackboards, the requirem ent m ay be calculated for every teacher and every class-room in the school i f they lack this faci­lity. In com puting the deficiency for blackboard in schools where new building will be constructed it m aybe borne in mind that blackboard will be built into the wall. Therefore, while '; com puting funds for blackboards, the requirem ent o f b lack ­boards for existing buildings should alone be com puted.

25. On the basis o f sanctions made Empowered C om ­mittee the funds will be released by the G overnm ent o f India. For equipm ent 50% of the requirem ent for the year w ill be sanc­tioned im mediately after the b lock/m unicipal area-wise projects ate sanctioned by the Em powered C om m ittee and the rem ain­ing amount will be released when the State G overnm ent is able to report the progress o f expenditure show ing that 75% o f the earlier am ount has been spent. For second teacher 50% o f the requirement for the year will be sanctioned when the State G ov­ernment has created the post for the second teacher and the rest w ill be sanctioned when the State G overnm ent is able to show the progress o f expenditure indicating that 75% o f the earlier am ount has been utilised. For 1987-88 however, since the schsm ; w ill com e up under im plem entation in the m iddle o f the year, the w hole o f the am ount for the year w ill be sanctioned on the basis o f the sunetions made by the Em powered Corn- rni ttce.

Procurement o f Equipment

26. The list or essential equipm ent is at. A nnex-1. As sp eci­fied in oara 16, t h e Bureau o f Indian Standards (viz. Indian Standards Institute) is determining the specifications for eoitip- raent. After these beco-ne available, it w ill be obligatory Tor States to orocurc equipm ent conform ing to the specification. Till then the States may exercise their judgem ent in procuring equipm ent but care snould be taken that it is o f g o o d quality. As has been sugges ted in para 17, i t w ill have t o be exam ined what equipm ent can be fabricated/m anufactured within the edu­cational sector under the W ork Experience Programme- or in Polytechnics/ITTs. Procurem ent should be done from the

3 6

market on ly to the extent it cannot be fabricated/m anufactured w ithin the educational institutions. S ince general in q u ir ies do n ot always attract the best suppliers, it w ould be d esirab le to identify m anufacturers w ithin and outside the State w h o can

. supply the desired equipm ent o f acceptable quality. W hile placing order for supply o f the equipm ent, sam ple w ould natu­rally be obtained but in addition it is necessary that as many sam ples o f approved quality are obtained as are th e receiving officers in the d istricts/b locks so that they can tally the supplied equipm ent with the approved sam ple when the supplies are m ade, A t the d istrict/b lock level where the supplies are m ade, different items o f equipm ent will he received from the suppliers in d if­ferent numbers and over a period o f time. O bviously it will lead to considerable dam age and disorder i f item s are supplied to the sch oo l p iece-m eal. Therefore, the State G overnm ent should attem pt to work out an arrangem ent at d istrict /b lock level vvhere-under the com plete set o f item s to be su pp lied to a primary school is supplied in one lot. A n educational insti­tu tion having adequate storage place at the district/blcc?k level could appropriately be the specified point where supplies w ould be m ade by the suppliers and an appropriate num ber c f offi­cia ls cc-uld be deputed for this duration to receive the supplies to tally the quality with the approved sam ple, and take r e s fo n - sib ility for delivery to individual schools.

M onitoring system27. Operation Blackboard is a program m e having many

aspects. It is designed to be one o f the im portant veh ic les lot ach ieving the target o f universal primary education by 1990, Therefore, it is im portant to have a proper m anagem ent infor­m ation system for the program m e. The M inistry is t a k in g steps to develop such system w ith the asbistar.ee of o p u l s 'n i h ■ ■> jk ic . F tr ;he im plem entation c f t l .c p r o g n n i m e itseU :.e. to m erit or tha t ail the s c f c c l s p x g jc ss iv e ly 'g e t <.• Hrtuii facilities envi saged in the Operation Blackboard, a sys tem of quarterly m onitoring will be follow ed. The State G overnm ent will supp ly in f o i m a t i r n for eaeli quarto- by il e crd c f like bix ceedm g m onth to the M inistry in the proform a at A nnex-II.

ESSHNTIAL FACILITIES A T TH E PR IM A R YNum bers

I. Teachers’ equipment

(i) Syllabus . 01 set

(ii) Textbooks

( iii) Teachers’ G uides .

II. Clsasrvom teaching materials

(j) M aps— D istrictStateCountry .World J

( ii) Plastic Globe

(iii) Educational Charts (Health, S ocial Studies, language)

III. P lay materials and toys

(i) W isdom blocks (construction • f different designs, patterns, •b jects etc.)

(ii) Bird and Animal Puzzle (Jig­saw puzzle)

(iii) Toys (D olls , Hum an figures, Aw'naals, Science toys) .

IV . Games equipment

(i) Skipping Rope

(ii) Balls— FootballVolleyball Rubber Balls

37

one primary set

Do

One each

01

O ne set

3 sets

sets

2 sets

10020210

Annex—I

STA G E

A m ount in R s.

05

25

15

175

100

90

120

60

300

60

707050

38

(iii) A ir pum p . . . 0 1

(iv) R ing . . . 05(v) Swing rope with tyre . . 01

V. Primary Science Kit (of NCERT) 01VI. Mini Tool Kit (of NCERT) . 01VII. Mathematics Kit . . . 01

VIII. Books for Library

(i) Reference Books—■D ictionaries . . . 02Encyclopaedia . . . 01

(ii) Children's Books (at least 200)(N B T, Children’s B ook Trust,Nehru Ba! Pustakalaya & other) 1

(iii) M agazine, journals and news papers for teachers and child­ren (one newspaper, one m agazine and one professional journal)

IX . School Bell . . 01

X. Musical InstrumentsD helak or Tabla . . . 01Harm onium . . . 01Manjira . . . 02

XI. Contingency money with teacher Recwrrn

(i) M ats a i d furniture for students and tcacL’e':s (one chair & one table for one ieachcr - f 2 large

boxes)For i sachet s . . . 02 setsmats . . . —• 3

boxes 02

*50<35

400

30©

300,

35

100100

1600

450

50

100.500'5 0

reins’

700375

300

3 9

XII. Black Board 02 <400P im p board (canvas) 02 50

XIII. Chalk & duster 30XIV. Water facility (pitchers,

glanes & ladle) 100XV. Ttauh Can 10 50

7215

Item No. VII of the List Primary Mathematics Kit

Item

1. D om inoes

2. Spike-Abacus

3. Napier Strips

4. Solids

5. Fraction-disc

6. Cubic-rods

7. Cuisenaire Strips

Q uantity

Two sets each containing 55 pieces.

One set o f four A bacusess with four, five, six ajnrid seven spikes.

Two sets each containing 10 strips.

Tw o sets each containing ; five solids.

One set

O ne set

Two sets

40

Annex.—IIUARTE tLY STATEMENT FOR REPORTING PROGRESS

IN OPERATION BLACKBOARD

em

School Buildings(iii) (iv) (v)

as per san:tijn- ed Project reports

N o . sane- N o . where N o . wheretioned for construe- eonsiruc-construc- 'don has tion hastion started s com pleted

wo room s

*ne room oilets

.. Appointment of Second Teachers

')) N um ber o f second teachers required according to sanctioned p roject reports

ii) N o . o f posts sanctioned

ii) N o . ox’ teachers posted

(a) m ale

(b) fem ale

I. Provision of essential facilities'i) N o . o f schools to be covered

as per project reports.

ii) N o . o f schools to which supply o f essential facilities have been com pleted.

/. Provision of funds

I U nspent balance at the beginning o f the year

42

(ii) A m ount received from Governm ent o f India during the year

(iii) A m ount spent during the year

(a) U pto the end o f previous quarter

(b) During the quarter for which report is being submitted.

T otal expenditure

MCiPF—681 Eii!!.;S7- -2JX)0~'3-1 -88