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Question Bank
A. Multiple Choice (1 Answer)
1. A high percentage of short fibers is usually associated witha. Higher wastage in Combingb. Higher wastage in Blowroomc. Higher wastage in Cardingd. Higher wastage in Drawframe
2. Fibrograph is used to obtain (2005)a. average fibre lengthb. fibre finenessc. span lengthd. short fibre percentage
3. Fibrograph uses an optical method of measuring the _____ along the length ofa tuft of parallel fibers
a. weightb. densityc. finenessd. strength
4. Fibrograph works ona. manual systemb. capacitive sensorsc. laser technologyd. photoelectric cells
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5. As a general rule the longer wools are _______ than the shorter ones and in thecase of cotton the longer fibres are _________ than the short ones
a. coarser; finerb. coarser; coarserc. finer; finerd. finer; coarser
6. As per the sorter diagram, percentage short fibers isa. less than half the effective lengthb. less than half the span lengthc. less than half maximum lengthd. less than half average or mean length
7. In case of fibrograph, __________________ approximates to the staple lengtha. upper half mean lengthb. lower half mean lengthc. mean lengthd. uniformity ratio
8. In case of wool, short fibers are the fibers having length less thana. < 10 mmb. 10 - 20 mmc. 25 - 40 mmd. > 40 mm
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9. Short fiber content relates directly to the amount of waste extracted in ______a. Blowroomb. Cardingc. Drawframed. Combing
10.In case of Cotton, Short fibers are the fibers having length less than___a. 12 mmb. 12.5 mmc. 12.7 mmd. 12.9 mm
11.Short fibre content measured by the ______ is referred to as short fibre index(SFI)
a. Fibrogramb. AFISc. HVId. Peyer Almeter
12.Staple length is approximately equal toa. effective lengthb. short lengthc. maximum lengthd. modal length
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13.The 2.5% span length is numerically nearer to (1999)a. Staple lengthb. Mean lengthc. Short fibre%d. Longest fibre length
14.The amount of ___________ present influences the amount of noil or wasteextracted
a. long fiberb. short fiberc. mean length fiberd. modal length fiber
15.The length of the main bulk of the longer fibers is known asa. effective lengthb. modal lengthc. average or mean lengthd. maximum length
16.In case of Cotton,Short fibers are the fibers having length less thana. 1 inchb. 3/4 inchc. 1/2 inchd. 1/4 inch
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17.The percentage range of the uniformity ratio for cotton fibres in general is(2006)
a. 40-50b. 55-65c. 70-80d. 85-95
18.The setting of the distances between the nips of successive pairs of draftingrollers is depends on
a. span lengthb. effective lengthc. maximum lengthd. modal length
19.The term __________ is not used when analyzing the comb sorter diagrama. span lengthb. effective lenghtc. staple lengthd. short length
20.Uniformity Index normal cotton is in the range ofa. 55-65%b. 65-75%c. 75-85%d. 85-95%
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21.Uniformity ratio (%) of cotton is in the range of (2007)a. 40-50b. 60-70c. 80-90d. 90-100
22.WIRA fiber length machine is designed to measure the fiber length ofa. single cotton fiberb. cotton sliverc. single wool fiberd. wool sliver
23.WIRA fibre diagram machine works ona. capacitance principleb. optical principlec. manual methodd. photoelectric cell principle
24.Fiber length is the most important fibre properties required by ________ toprocess high quality yarns
a. Rotor spinningb. DREF Spinningc. Air jet Spinningd. Wrap spinning
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25.Uniformity ratio is the ratio of (2008)a. 50% span length and 2.5% span lengthb. 2.5% span length and 50% span lengthc. Mean length and upper half mean lengthd. Upper half mean length and mean length
26.WIRA fibre diagram machine is designed to measure the fibre length ofa. combed wool sliverb. single wool fiberc. single cotton fiberd. combed cotton sliver
27.With staple fibers, the individual fiber length is ______ important than thedistribution of fiber lengths in a sample of fibers
a. moreb. lessc. notd. extremely
28.Uniformity ratio of fibres of equal length is approximately equal to (2005)a. 0.51b. 0.71c. 0.91d. 1.00
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29.Uniformity ratio for normal variety of cotton is in the range (2009)a. 0.2-0.3b. 0.4-0.5c. 0.7-0.8d. 0.9-1.0
30.Uniformity Ratio gives an idea about (1998)a. Short fibre percent in cottonb. Effective length of cottonc. Length variability of cottond. Longest fibre present in cotton
31.Proportion of short fibre does not influence________ spinninga. Ringb. Air jetc. Rotord. DREF
32.The 1% and 2.5% span length are lengths that are needed for________a. Roller space settingb. Yarn Twistingc. Comber noild. Fine yarn
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33.Large proportion of short fibers also leads to considerable fly contamination &put strain
a. on personnelb. on machinesc. on the air-conditioningd. above all
34.In case of __________, fibre weight per unit length is not constant but varieswith the fibre length
a. Cottonb. Flaxc. Woold. Silk
35.The measurement of fibre length is mainly used for thea. Assessment of raw materialsb. To see the effect on processingc. To determine the efficiency of combing processd. All of above
36.Subjective evaluation of the fibre length is done with the help ofa. Comb sorterb. Hand staplingc. Single fibre measurementd. Fibrograph
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37.________________is a characteristic of the bulk of the longer fibresa. Effective lengthb. Mean lengthc. Maximum lengthd. Modal length
38.In case of effective length, which of the following statement is not TRUEa. Short fibres are ignored while finding itb. It reduced the initial rapid change in length from maximumc. It is sum of base line readings divided by base line lengthd. Spinning Machine settings are related to it
39.Normally, cotton fiber gives the ________________ shape of comb sortera. Rectangular stapleb. Triangular staplec. Trapezoidal stapled. Stepped staple
40.Which types of comb sort diagram represent more number of short fibres?a. Rectangular stapleb. Triangular staplec. Trapezoidal stapled. Stepped staple
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41.Fibrogram is produced bya. Comb sorterb. HVIc. AFISd. USTER Stapling
42.For the measuring the fibre length, which principle is used by indirectinstrumental method
a. thickness gaugeb. photoelectric optical systemc. electrical capacitor platesd. All above
43.USTER stapler use the _____________ method to measure the fibre lengtha. Thickness gauge (Pneumatic Pressure)b. Opticalc. Capacitanced. Photoelectric
44.It is important that in addition to the fibre length of a cotton, the degree ofirregularity of its length should also be known
a. Short fibre percentage is same in the fibre having different mean lengthb. Short fibre percentage is different in the fibre having same mean lengthc. Short fibre percentage is different in the fibre having different mean
length
d. Short fibre percentage is same in the fibre having same mean length
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45.Length uniformity index of cotton fiber will always bea. 100b. More than 100c. Less than 100d. ZERO
46.Cotton with the low uniformity index is likely to produce low quality yarnbecause
a. Low percentage of short fibreb. High percentage of short fibrec. High percentage of long fibred. Equal length of fibre
47.An increase of ______ in fibre length increases yarn strength approx. by 0.4cN/tex or more
a. 1 mmb. 4 mmc. 0.1 mmd. 0.4 mm
48.A fibre length __________ is desirable in most cases, although this dependsupon the spinning system and yarn count.
a. above 28 mmb. less than 28 mmc. equal to 28 mmd. 12. 7 mm
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49.An increase of 1% (absolute) in Short Fibre Content can decrease ring spun yarnstrength by_______________
a. Less than 1%b. 1% or morec. Equal to 1%d. 0%
50.Low length uniformity _____________ unevenness and _______________ thestrength of the yarn
a. Increases; decreasesb. Increases; increasesc. Decreases; increasesd. Decreases; decreases
51.Long cotton fibre are generally more prone to forming neps during_________a. Blow roomb. Cardingc. Draw framed. Combing
52.Long cotton fibre often carded at ______________a. Higher speedb. Lower speedc. Medium speedd. Regular speed
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53.For processing of Longer fiber, carding speed need to be____________ andring spinning speed need to be____________
a. Increased; increasedb. Increased; decreasedc. Decreased; increasedd. Decreased; decreased
54.The inverse of length uniformity also provides a measure of _______________a. Mean lengthb. Span lengthc. CV of lengthd. Floating fiber
55.Short Fibre Content defined by ________ is considered a more sensitivemeasure of processing conditions
a. Weightb. Numberc. Percentaged. Ratio
56.A uniformity index of above ___ % and uniformity ratio above ____% aredesirable
a. 83; 48b. 48; 83c. 83; 83d. 48; 48
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57.All fiber-length testing instruments require a minimum of ____ gms of ginnedfibers
a. 1b. 2c. 5d. 10
58.Fiber length is the most important fibre properties required by ________ toprocess high quality yarns
a. Ring spinningb. Rotor spinningc. DREF Spinningd. Wrap spinning
59.By the keeping the same level twist, if longer fibres are used to produce theyarn then it will result in
a. Finer countb. Higher yarn strengthc. Softer yarnd. No change
60.Fibre length __________ mm will only produce the positive characteristics inthe yarn
a. Above 15 mmb. Between 12 15 mmc. Below 12 mmd. Above 5 mm
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B. Multiple Choice (Multiple Answers, either 2 or 3)
1. A high percentage of short fibers is usually associated witha. Increase in yarn irregularity and ends downb. Increase numbers of neps and slubsc. Higher wastage in combingd. Higher wastage in blowroom
2. During length measurement on Fibrograph,2.5% span length was found to be25 mm. It means (1992)
a. 2.5% of fibres clamped are 25 mm is lengthb. 2.5% of fibres clamped are longer than 25 mmc. 2.5% of fibres clamped are 25 mm or longerd. 2.5% of fibres clamped are less than 25 mm
3. More number of short fibres results ina. Unevenness in yarnb. More waste generationc. Soft twisted yarnd. Yarn hairiness
4. Fibrograph normally measures the..a. mean lengthb. short lengthc. modal lengthd. span length
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5. Effective length isa. length of the main bulk of the longer fibersb. upper quartile of the fiber length distributionc. read directly from the sorter diagramd. the length on which many machinery settings are related
6. From the point of view of cloth characteristics, however, short fibres have theadvantage where it is desirable to produce
a. soft surfaceb. rough surfacec. hairyd. warm handling
7. Crimp in the fiber can be measured asa. waves per unit lengthb. crimp anglec. % increase in extent of the fibre on removal of the crimpd. fiber length
8. Crimp, the waviness of a fiber, is important and desired becausea. determines the cohesiveness of card websb. the amount of fly liberated during processingc. it reduces the effective length of the fiberd. the hairiness of the resultant yarn
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9. Determination of fiber length by using photoelectric cells principle is done withthe help of
a. Fibrographb. HVIc. AFISd. Digital Fibrograph
10.Mean length of the fiber can be deriveda. based on number of fibresb. based on fibre cross-sectionc. based on fibre massd. based on fiber strength
11.The main advantages of longer fibers area. easier to processb. more even yarn can be producedc. higher strength yarn can be producedd. cheaper
12.The main disadvantages of hand stapling over instrumental method of fiberlength testing are
a. it is time consumingb. it is simple and easyc. short fibers are discountedd. variation in density (numbers of fibers) of hand prepared tuft
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13.The staple length of the cotton is in betweena. mean lengthb. short lengthc. maximum lengthd. effective length
14.Variations in fibre length can cause severe problems and lead toa. increase in wasteb. deterioration in processing performancec. yarn qualityd. shade variation in fabric
15.Fibre length influencesa. lusterb. yarn hairinessc. productivityd. varying Dyeablity
16.The fibre length property is usefula. to decide draft amountb. to decide machine setting in spinningc. to calculate combing efficiencyd. to study breakage rate during processing
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17.The proportion of short fibers has increased substantially in recent years mainlybecause of
a. atmosphereb. waterc. mechanical pickingd. hard ginning
18.Staple length is approximately equal toa. Effective lengthb. Modal lengthc. Mean lengthd. Maximum Length
19.In case of effective length, which of the following statements are TRUEa. Short fibres are ignored while finding itb. It reduced the initial rapid change in length from maximumc. It is sum of base line readings divided by base line lengthd. Spinning Machine settings are related to it
20.The major disadvantages of hand stapling area. It consider the short fibreb. It ignore the fibre extentc. Variation in tuft densityd. Time consuming
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21.The problems with the equal length fibres area. It is difficult to maintain fibre length evenness in yarnb. Spinning machines are not suitable to process itc. Create high degree of unevenness in yarnd. Loss in yarn strength
22.For the measuring the fibre length, which principle are used by indirectinstrumental method
a. thickness gaugeb. photoelectric optical systemc. electrical capacitor platesd. manual observations
23.Measurement of fibre extent is more desirable as compare to measuring thelength of straight fibre because
a. Fibres are not straight at the time of processingb. Fibres are not straight at the time of usingc. Fibres are not aligning along a common line in processingd. Fibres are straight at the time of using
24.Fibre length variation can be denoted by one of the followinga. CV of length (by weight or number)b. Irregularity percentagec. Percentage of short fibresd. Span length
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25.Longer fiber enablesa. Carded at low speedb. Low roving twistc. Higher ring spinning speedd. High yarn twist
26.Normally, short fibre content is defined bya. Weightb. Percentagec. Ratiod. Numbers
27.Short fibre content depends upona. Genotypeb. Harvestingc. Ginningd. Blow room
28.Fiber length is the most important fibre properties required by which spinningsystem to process high quality yarns
e. Ring spinningf. Rotor spinningg. DREF spinningh. Air Jet spinning
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29.The main advantage of WIRA Fibre Length Machine isa. it gives a standard tension to the fibresb. it involves less operator fatiguec. it gives semi-automatic recording of the resultsd. it works on the tuft method
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C. State True or False
Sr No Statement True or False
1 As wool fibres are relatively long, length is a less important property
2 Comb sorters can be used for card slivers
3 In case of cotton fiber, the length and fineness are directly proportional
to each other
4 In case of wool, longer the fiber, finer it will be
5 Longer lengths fibers contribute to the tenacity of yarn by increasing the
frictional forces with adjacent fibers
6 Staple length is closely related with the roller setting in drafting
7 Longer lengths of cotton fiber contribute to the tenacity of yarn via
increased frictional forces with adjacent fibers
8 The longer the fibre length, the lower is the end breakage rate
9 UHML is the mean length by numbers of the longer half (50%) of the
fibre by weight
10 Fibres upto about 12 - 15 mm do not contribute to strength but only to
fullness of the yarn
11 In case of natural fibre, length and fineness are related to each other
12 Fibre length determines the draft settings of machines
in a spinning mill
13 Short fibre contribute to the yarn strength
14 Most of the time, the cut length of manmade fibres is influenced by the
fibre length of natural fibres
15 Fibre length is very useful in calculating the combing efficiency
16 Fibre length is not correlated with fabric strength
17 After carding, Fibre length does not plays important role
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18 In case of Longer cotton fiber, more twist need to be inserted in to yarn
19 The 1% and 2.5% span length are lengths that are needed in setting
machines, especially roller spacings
20 Large proportion of short fibers puts lots of strain on personnel by fly
contamination
21 Fibre length is not useful to study the breakage rate during spinning
22 More number of short fibres creates problem in drafting
23 Fibres are never straight in use
24 Longer fibres give better spinning performance than shorter ones
25 Spinning machines are not suited to the processing of fibers having all
the same length
26 No variation in fibre length can produce a high degree of unevenness in
the yarn
27 In case of Manmade fibre, length and fineness cannot be controlled
separately
28 In case of wool, fibre weight per unit length is not constant but varies
with the fibre length
29 Cotton grader uses objective assessment system to measure staple
length by hand stapling method
30 In case of natural fibre, fiber length exhibits the greatest irregularity of allthe fiber characteristics
31 More number of short fibre are not problematic for air conditioners in
spinning mill
32 In comb sorter, basically, the fibres are sorted in the length group
33 Staple diagram is equivalent to a graph of length against cumulative
frequency
34 Effective length is a characteristic of the bulk of the longer fibres
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35 The distances between the nips of successive pairs of the drafting rollers
is depend on effective length
36 Short fibres are considered while finding the effective length on comb
sorter diagram
37 One of the drawback of comb sorter is that it ignored the fiber extent
38 Weight based sort diagram has a notably higher curve compared with
the numerical diagram, because long fibers have more mass than short
fibers and therefore a greater effect
39 The weight-based comb sorter diagram corresponds to the distribution
of fibers in the yarn cross-section
40 In case of natural fibre, rectangular shaped sorter diagram is possible
41 Ideal fibers should be of equal length and without any length variations
42 The Fibrogram corresponds to the arrangement of fibers at the nip line
of rollers
43 Measurement of fibre extent is more desirable as compare to measuring
the length of straight fibre
44 USTER stapler use the thickness gauge method
45 Fibrograph works on capacitance principle
46 In fibrograph, longer fibres has greater chance to get catch
47 The term span length is used in when analyzing the comb sorter diagram
48 2.5% span length is considered to correlate with the classers staple
length
49 Cotton fibre having nearly the same mean fibre length can have different
percentage of short fibre
50 Dispersion percentage is one the method to express fibre length
variation
51 Length uniformity index of cotton fiber will always be less than 100
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52 Cotton with a low uniformity index is likely to have a low percentage of
short fibers
53 An increase of 1 mm in fibre length increases yarn strength approx. by
0.4 cN/tex or more
54 A fibre length above 28 mm is desirable in most cases, although this
depends upon the spinning system and yarn count.
55 50% span length represent the mean length of fibre
56 An increase of 1% (absolute) in Short Fibre Content can decrease ring
spun yarn strength by 1% or more
57 Long cotton fibre are generally more prone to forming neps during
carding
58 Longer fiber require more amount of twist during roving and yarn
manufacturing
59 Ring spinning speed need to be high for the long fibre
60 The short fibre content (SFC) is a better indicator of the floating fibres
61 Short Fibre Content defined by weight is considered a more sensitive
measure of processing conditions
62 Fabric strength and abrasion resistance also tend to deteriorate with an
increase in SFC
63 An SFC below 8% (by weight) is desirable64 The uniformity ratio is expressed as a percentage of the longer length
65 Fibre is the most property which need to be considered at the time of
rotor spinning
66 If fiber materials of very different lengths are blended in the wrong
proportions, then a stepped staple curve can formed
67 WIRA fibre diagram machines is designed to measure single fibre length
68 In testing of wool fibre, the application of standard tension is important
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