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Broadband CommunicationsBroadband CommunicationsBilling & Accounting of InternetBilling & Accounting of Internet
Ronak S AswaneyRonak S Aswaney
ID:0710229
Canadian University of Dubai
Aug, 10th 2010
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Introduction to Billing & Accounting
What is accounting?
Accounting: Collection of data about resource usage
What is Billing?Billing: Basically, charging someone based on the usage of the
resources. MORE Next Slide!
Why we need billing and accounting services?
Control resource usage and reservation in multi-service networks
Give incentives to use only required resources
Prevent waste of bandwidth
Being fare to the public
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Communications
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Introduction to Billing & Accounting
Billing is a service
± service based on knowledge of network utilization
± apply this knowledge to identify price-quantityrelationships that satisfy broadest range of user needs
Accounting information is required to
± prove the service provided meets the user requirement
± demonstrate value ± compute usage-sensitive bills
± innovate ...
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Understanding Internet Billing /
Accounting
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The charging/billing algorithms used by the network and
service providers will probably remain an instrument of
differentiation and competition.
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The Different Billing Techniques on the
Internet
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ASP (Access Service Provider)
Different flat rate per month by speed
ISP (Internet Service Provider)
Flat(All you can eat)
---------------------------------------------------------------
IP/CP (Information Provider/Content Provider)
Free, flat rate, usage rate, mixed
Internet advertisement
E.g.. Use eBay , for billing and accounting
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Why Usage Detail is Important
Usage Detail reveals:
Who is using the network?
How much bandwidth is being
used?
What the network being
used for?
The cost associated with this
usage?
Telecommuter
Mobil
User
Internet Network
Remote/Branch
Offices
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Communications
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Internet Billing Architecture
7
Accounting MediationUsage Data
Generation
Billing
Systems
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Communications
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Typical Components of an
Internet Billing Architecture
8
Tier 2Tier 2Tier 1Tier 1
Billing and Customer
care systems
Customer OSS¶s
Tier 3Tier 3
Services:
Layer 3:
Data,
VoIP,
Stream
Layer 2:
Data, VON
Layer 3: Dial
Access
Hosting,
Mgmt,
Security,
Leasing
Network
Elements
ProvideServices
Data Collectors:
Collection Protocols: Web-Enabled
Clients
Cross-Layer
Correlation
Aggregation
Mediation
Raw & Aggregated Accounting Data
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Policy-based Accounting
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Flexibility
± Make accounting components configurable
± Re-Use existing components (MIBs, admission control functions)
± Define common configuration interfaces for different types of accountingcomponents (e.g. different meter types)
Efficiency
± Control allocation of resources for accounting
Interaction with Authorization
± Use authorization data bases, messages, mappings, languages, etc.
± Authorize accounting services (e.g. online charging, itemized invoice)
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Policy-based Accounting
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Policies can be used for :
Allocation of resources for accounting (meters, collectors,...)
Adaptation and configuration of accounting elements at different
layers to particular accounting tasks Common description of configuration for different types of accounting
module
Policy-based accounting model:
Utilization of existing policy framework definitions and protocols
Integration of RTFM Modules into generic AAA model
Definition of interfaces to authorization data bases and modules
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Policy-based Accounting Architecture
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Accounting
Collecting Collecting
Billing
Charging
AccountingData
Billing and
Charging
Policy
Server
Accounting
& Metering
Policy Server
AccountingPolicy
M
Meter Policy
ChargingPolicy
(TFL)
Billing
Policy
Account.
Policy
Reader
Policy
Accounting
M
MM
Provider Domain A Provider Domain B
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Exchange of Tariff Information
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Diameter
Charging Information Protocol (CIP)
± Informs users about current tariffs
± Server maintains service and tariff information ± Clients request information (push or pull mode)
CI C lie t CI erver
EG I ¡ TE
200 (OK)
INFO 1
........
INFO ¢
200 (OK)
........
CI Clie t CI erver
(201) INFO1
........
(201) INFO £
(201) INFO2
GET_INFO
GET_INFO
........
¤ EG I ¥ TE ¤
Push mode Pull mode
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Multicast Accounting
Costs of multicast provisioning
± Bandwidth savings vs. additional overhead
± Dependent on group size and membership distribution
Resource usage difficult to meter ± Number and distribution of receivers unknown
± Bandwidth savings vary due to dynamic groups
Cost allocation
± sender and/or receiver payment
± cost sharing between receivers
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Convergent billing
± integrate billing for multiple products and
services onto the same consumer invoice
± support invoicing, discounting, reporting
± track invoices and accounts receivables,
collections, etc.
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References
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summar
y?doi=10.1.1.39.6353
PDF Provided
http://www.linktionary.com/p/policy.html
http://www.netveda.com/downloads/Policy
Net_Whitepaper.pdf
THANK YOU !!
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Google and Verizon outline vision for
'open internet' My Opinion:
Google & Verizon are two giants in their respective fields,
Google is one of the world leaders in data banks. They have too
much data which is their main asset. The want to prioritize their data because by doing so they will become bigger and the leader,
everyone will be using Google for practically everything on the
Web.
In my perspective, Google & Verizon are playing it safe
agreeing upon ³net neutrality´ is just for the media and the public, so they wont have a wrong impression about them. Their
main objective is to initiate the ³two-tier service´.
This is just a business strategy to take full control of the market.
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Google and Verizon outline vision for
'open internet' By doing so, Google will become the giant leaders in the WWW
and therefore they will then have the power to do anything.
Verizon will also benefit from this agreement because applicationvendors will have to think before they invest.
I believe this is not a great idea for the fellow public, I believe
everyone should have same priorities.
But if at all this plan is agreed, people or companies or application
vendors must pay a large sum of money to gain more of the
bandwidth.
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