Respiratory and Circulatory Systems

Air and Blood

Why do animals need air??

• Need oxygen in the air for…

• CELLULAR RESPIRATION!!!

• C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2+ 6H2O+36ATP

• Remember? Occurs in the mitochondria.

• W/out ATP cells cannot make stuff!

Respiratory Organs Used to get O2

• Lower animals: through membranes, pores, or skin

• Some animals have gills.

• Some insects have tracheae.

• Chordates have lungs!

How Gills Work…

How Lungs Work…

• Lungs work just like the puffer thing works to blow air onto the fire!

How Lungs Work…

Breathing…

• Air enters the mouth or nasal cavity, goes into the trachea (wind pipe), is carried to the bronchial tubes, and then into the air sacs called the alveoli!

In the Alveoli…• Oxygen in the air reaches the alveoli and

goes through the thin membrane into the blood as carbon dioxide is released from the blood back into the alveoli to be exhaled…

How the Lungs Work:

Click image to view movie.

Why should you take care of your lungs?

The Whole Point of Human Respiratory System .

• Very simple:

• Basic function is bring

about the exchange of Oxygen & Carbon Dioxide between the blood, the air, and tissues.

OK. So Now We Have Oxygen.• How do we get this O2 rich blood

to the rest of our body?

The Amazing Circulatory System!

How is this O2 Blood Circulated?• Each breath gives brings air to our

respiratory system.

• This O2 is needed by trillions of cells.

• What delivers this all important element?

• THE HEART!!!!

Functions of the Circulatory• Organisms composed of small number of

cells & some invertebrates (arthropods & mollusk) do not need a circulatory system?– Why?

• Because most cells are in direct contact w/ the environment.

• O2 , nutrients, & waste products can easily diffuse back & forth across cell membranes.

• They use an Open Circulatory System.

Functions continued.• Larger organisms cannot rely on diffusion.

ie) earthworms & all vertebrates

• Some body substances made in one area may be needed in another etc.

• Therefore. . . . .

• They need a transportation system.

• Kind of like a big city uses streets, highways, & rail lines.

Closed Circulatory System.• This transportation system is a CLOSED

system.

• Circulating fluid called blood is contained w/in a system of vessels.

• The human circulatory system consists of the: heart, blood vessels, & the blood!!!

The Heart

• There was a reason the Tin Man wanted a heart!

• This incredible pump

allows all of the blood to

be squirted to all of your

body parts.

The Blood Through The Heart

Step by Step…• All of the veins come & empty into :

– #1 Right Atrium

• Blood then flows into:– # 2 Right Ventricle

• Right Ventricle sends this O2 poor blood to the lungs to exchange gases. Then the blood returns to:– # 3 Left Atrium

• Blood then flows to the:– # 4 Left Ventricle

Continued. . . • The Left Ventricle is important because it

ultimately pumps blood to all of the body.

• Valves are what prevent the blood from flowing back the incorrect way.

• Draw a path on your paper: heartto the lungs; from lungsheart; & then heartout to your body.

Check your Drawing!!

Blood through the Body

Moving Blood Along…

Click image to view movie.

Interrelationships?• So how do these systems

work together?

• The circulatory & respiratory system supply cells throughout the body w/ the nutrients & O2 they need to stay alive!