WORLD METEOROLOGICAL 'ORGANIZATION

REGIONAL ASSOCIATION VI (EUROPE)

ABRIDGED FINAL REPORT OF THE

EIGHTH SESSION

Rome, 5-15 October 1982

I WMO - No. 6051

Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization - Geneva - Switzerland

1983

© 1983, World Meteorological Organization

ISBN 92-63-10605-3

NOTE

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

CONTENTS

List of persons attending the session ....... " ... " . " ................ " .. . Agenda 0 0 •••••••• 0 • " •••.• 0 ••••• 0 ••••••••••••••• 0 ••• 0 ••••• " •••••••••••••••

General summary of the work of the session •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Resolutions adopted by the session •••••••••••••••••••••••• 0 ••• 0.-•••••••

. Final Session No. No.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

4.1/1

4.1/2

4.1/3

4.1/6

4.1/7

4.1/4

4.1/5

4.2/1

4.2/2

4.2/3

4.2/4

4.2/5

4.2/6

4.2/7

Manual on the Global Observing System, Volume II - Regional aspects, Region VI (Europe) "."" .. " .•.••••. " ..•••.•...•••••..••.•..•...•••

Regional basic synoptic network

Urgent appeal for participation in the NAOS scheme

Regional aspects of collection, processing and archiving of meteorological radar information in digi tal form .0 ••• ,i • •••••••• e • elSe •• " a " lit • " •• " ••.• " ••••

Regional procedures for the transmission of digitized meteorological radar data over the GTS ••••••

Network of CLlMAT and CLIMAT TEMP reporting stations in Region VI •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~ •••••••••••

Use of satellite data ••••••••••••• 0 ••••• 000 •••••••••••

Working Group on Co-ordination of Requirements for Data in GRID Code Form ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Supplement to Section VI (Europe) of Volume II of the Manual on the GDPS •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Presentation of weather information in the mass media .••••••• " •• " ••••••••••••••••••• " .• " .•.•.••. " ••.•.

Working Group on the Exchange of Warnings of Hazardous Weather Phenomena •••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Standardization of Volume II of the Manual on Codes ." ••••••• 0 •••••••••••••• " ••••••• 0 ••• " ••••••••••••

Rapporteur on Codes •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Regional coding procedures for reporting data for the 925 bPa surface ••. ~ee.o.o ••••• e •• oo.o •• OO •••• OO •• G

VII

XI

1

46

46

46

47

48

49

49

50

50

52

52

53

53

54

54

IV

Final ~

15

Session No.

4.2/8

16 4.3/1

17 ~ 4.3/2

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

4.3/3

4.3/4

4.3/5

4.5/1

4.5/2

4.5/3

4.6/1

5.1/1

5.1/2

5.1/3

6.1/1

6.2/1

6.2/2

6.2/3

7

10/1

12/1

CONTENTS

Regional code for general aviation-. forecasts in Europe •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Transmission of ships' weather reports ••••• ~ ••• o ••••••

Amendments to the Manual on the GTS, Volume II -Regional aspects - Europe - Part I - Organization of the regional telecommunication plan in Region VI (Europe) •••••••••••••••• 0 •••••••••••••••••••

Amendments to the Manual on the GTS, Volume II -Regional aspects - Europe - Part II - Telecommuni­cation procedures for Region VI (Europe) ••••••••••••••

Amendments to the Manual on the GTS, Volume II -Regional aspects - Europe - Part III- Engineering of centres and circuits and associated operating procedures in Region VI •••••••••••••••• o •••••••• ~ •••••

Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications

Co-ordinated Common System of Marine Forecast Areas in the Baltic Sea ooooaeeee ••••••••••••••••••••••

Co-ordinated Common System of Marine Forecast Areas in the- North Sea •••••••••••••••••••• o ••••••• e •• ~

Implementation of the Joint IOC/WMO Integrated Global Ocean Services System (IGOSS) ••••••••••••••••••

Co-ordination of the implementation and operation of the WWW in Region VI ••••••••.••••••••••••••• ~ ••••••

Rapporteur on Numerical Weather Prediction in Europe ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Rapporteur on Radiation •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Rapporteur ·on Atmospheric Ozone •••••••••••••••••••••••

Working Group on Agricultural Meteorology •••••••••••••

Climatic atlases ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~ ••••

Rapporteur on the Climate of the Baltic Sea Basin

Rapporteur on Applications of Meteorology to Energy Problems ••• o •••• e •••••••••••••••••••••••••• oo ••

Working Group on Hydrology ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

UNDP inter-country projects in Europe •••••••••••••••••

Revision of previous resolutions and recommendations of the Association •••••••••••••••••• o ••• g ••••• ~ •••••••

55

55

56

57

57

58

60

60

61

61

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

72

73

CONTENTS

Recommendation adopted by the session •••••••••••••••••••••• " •••• 0 ••••

Final ~

1

Annexes

I

II

Session No.

4.1/1 Satellite programmes s ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Annex to paragraph 4.2.5.8 of the general summary ODAS - Report of an Ocean Data Acquisition System

Annex to paragraph 6.2.2. of the general summary Outline for the explanatory text regarding the first volume of the Climatic Atlas of Europe ••••••••••••••

III Annex to paragraph 6.2.5 of the general summary List of maps for the third set of climatic maps

IV

V

VI

in Region VI ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Annex to paragraph 6.2.9 of the general summary Instructions for the preparation of data to be printed in World Weather Records, 1971 - 1980 •••••••••••••

Annex to paragraph 6.2.13(a) of the general summary Survey of meteorological information for energy management ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Annex to Resolution 1 (VIII-RA VI) Manual on the Global Observing System, Volume II - Regional aspects, Region VI (Europe) ••••••••••••••••••••

VII Annex to Resolution 2 (VIII-RA VI) Stations and observational programmes compr~s~ng the basic synoptic network in WMO Region VI •••••••••••••••

VIII Annex to Resolution 6 (VIII-RA VI) Network of CLlMAT and CLlMAT TEMP reporting stations in Region VI •...•.••••••••• 0 •••••••••• 0 ••• 0 ••••• " •••• 00" ••

IX Annex to Resolution 9 (VIII-RA VI) Supplement to Section VI of Volume II of the Manual on the GDPS •.•••••.•••.••• 0 ••••••••• 0 ••••••••••••••

X Annex to Resolution 12 (VIII-RA VI) Standardization of Volume II of the Manual on Codes, Volume II, Chapter VI, Part A •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

XI Annex to Resolution 14 (VIII-RA VI) Regional coding procedures for reporting data for the 925 hPa surface ...•..••••.••.•.••.•..•.•••. 0.00 •••• 00.

XII Annex to Resolution 15 eVIII-RA VI) Regional code for general aviation forecasts in Europe ••••

v

74

74

75

82

92

93

96

100

102

133

140

145

149

151

VI CONTENTS

Annexes (contd.)

XIII

XIV

Annex to Resolution 17 (VIII-RA VI) Amendments to the Manual on the GTS, Volume II, Regional aspects - Europe, Part I - Organization of the Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Plan in Region VI (Europe) · •..••••• oo ••• o.o •• o •••• oooo.o •• e.o.O •••

Annex to Resolution 18 (VIII-RA VI) Amendments to the Manual on the GTS, Volume II, Regional aspects - Europe, Part II - Telecom-munication procedures for Region VI (Europe) ••••••••••• 0 •••

XV Annex to Resolution 19 (VIII-RA VI) Amendmefits to the Manual on the GTS, Volume II, Regional aspects - Europe, Part III - Engineering of centres and circuits and associated operating procedures in Region VI •••• e •••••••••••••••••••••••••• o ••••

XVI Annex to Resolution 21 (VIII-RA VI) Co-ordinated common system of marine forecast areas in the Baltic Sea •••••••••••••••••••• _ ••••••••••••••••••••••

XVII Annex to Resolution 22 (VIII-RA VI) Common designation of marine forecast areas in the North Sea ••••••••••••••••••••••• 0 •• 0.0 •••••••••• 00 ••• 0.

XVIII Annex to Resolution 34 (VIII-RA VI) Resolutions of RA VI adopted prior to its eighth session and maintained in force e •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

154

162

163

166

169

170

176

LIST OF PERSONS ATTENDING THE SESSION

1. Officers of the session

A. W. Kabakibo L. A. Mendes Victor

president ad interim vice-president

2. Representatives of Members of Regional Association VI

H. Reuter H. Maier E. Glasel

R. Sneyers R. Dogniaux F. Bultot P. Slootmeakers

K. Stanchev

M. Moroz

K. L. Philaniotis A. Zenon

V. Richter F. Samaj J. Hladny J. Hrbek

E. Busch C. Christensen

E. Jatila S. Huovila

J. Labrousse A. Durget J. Alt

W. Bohme O. Maiwald H. Veit

E. Lingelbach T. Mohr H. Funke H. Schirmer W. Hillgenberg

S. Linardos G. Vlahos

P. Ambrozy

principal delegate delegate delegate

principal delegate delegate delegate delegate

principal delegate

principal delegate

principal delegate. delegate

principal delegate delegate delegate delegate

principal delegate delegate

principal delegate delegate

principal delegate delegate delegate

principal delegate delegate delegate

principal delegate delegate delegate delegate observer

principal delegate delegate

principal delegate

Austria

Belgium

Bulgaria

Byelorussian S.S.R.

Cyprus

Czechoslovakia

Denmark

Finland

France

German Democratic Republic

Germany, Federal Republic of

Greece

Hungary

VIII

2. Representatives of Members of Regional Association VI (contd.)

H. Sigtryggsson principal delegate Iceland

D. L. Linehan principal delegate Ireland

Y. L. Tokatly principal delegate Israel

A. Nania principal delegate Italy A. Zancla alternate S. Palmieri delegate c. Todaro delegate F. Mosco delegate E. Migliardi delegate L. Ciattaglia delegate B. Bizzarri delegate A. Petracchini delegate A. Brunetti delegate R. Caponigro delegate C. Finizio delegate G. Fiacco observer B. Travaglini delegate

. J. M. Mifsud principal delegate Malta

J~ Van Tid principal delegate Netherlands .). A. Wisse delegate Bo. M. Kamp delegate

K. Langlo principal delegate Norway

B. Godlewski principal delegate Poland J. Pruchnicki alternate C. Wieckowski delegate

L. A. Mendes Victor principal delegate Portugal R. Carvalho delegate

R. Stoian principal delegate Romania

A. Hernandez-Garcia principal delegate Spain P. Rodriguez Franco alternate J. Garcia-Legaz delegate J. Tapia delegate J. Segovia delegate J. Mira-Granada delegate

L. Ag principal delegate Sweden D. Jansson delegate

G. Simmen principal delegate Switzerland A. Junod delegate M. Spreafico delegate

A. w. Kabakibo principal delegate Syria

M. C. OzgUI principal delegate Turkey K. OncUler delegate A .. N". Baskin delegate--

2.

3.

4.

Representatives of Members of Regional Association VI (contd.)

J. Mason principal delegate United Kingdom M. J. Blackwell delegate G. J. Day delegate C. R. Flood delegate

P. Shendrik principal delegate Ukranian S.S.R.

Y. Izrael principal delegate U.S.S.R. S. S. Khodkin alternate A. Akopov delegate N. Aksarin delegate L. Bezruk delegate E. Pzochozov adviser G. Chmelev adviser r. Fateev adviser

M. Sikic principal delegate Yugoslavia R. Vasic delegate T. Vucetic delegate

Representati ves of Members of WMO outside Region VI

M. El Sockary observer Egypt M. K. Naguib observer

B. Giurnazi observer Libyan Arab Jamahirija Kushli observer

A. Bensari observer Morocco

L. C. Zarak observer Panama A. Watson-Fabrega observer

M. Soarez F. Isasi Cayo

G. Cartwright

Representatives

M. Nahlawi

P. Bondi

E. Forte F. Pisano

A. Ghazi

M. Frere ,~., Popov

S. Calabrese

A. Bruinenberg

of

observer Peru observer

observer U.S.A.

international or~anizations

Arab Center for the Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands (ACSAD)

CIB

CIRM

European Community (CEC)

Food and Agricultural Organization (FAD) International Air Transport Association (IATA)

International Air Transport Aviation (IATA)

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

IX

,

X

4. Representatives of

H. Schirmer

H. J. Bolle

S. Kaddoura

C • C. Wallen

R. . Frassetto

5. Representatives of

E. Benedetti

6. WMO Secretariat

A. C. Wiin-Nielsen G. K. Weiss A. Me- Elamly L.. M~ Michaud R. Chacun

international organizations (contd.)

International Commission for the Hydrology of the Rhine Basin

IUGG

PLO

UNEP

Unes.co - IOC

non-WMO Members

observer Holy See

Secretary-General

Agenda item No.

1. Opening of the session

2. Organization of the session

2.1 Consideration of the report on credentials

2.2 Adoption of the agenda

2.3 Establishment of commit-tees

2.4 Other organ izational questions

3. Report by the president the Association

4. World Weather Watch Programme - Regional aspects

4.1 Observing system, inclu-ding instruments and methods of observation

4.2 Data-processing system, including code matters

of

4.3 Telecommunication system

4.4 Aviation meteorology

AGENDA

Relevant documents

. PINK 1

PINK 1

1· I 2· , PINK 1

20; 20 ADD. l' I

PINK 1

42; (considered under agenda item 4.6)

5· I 5 ADD. 1· I 26; 39; 44; 47; 50; PINK 4

16; 16 CORR. 1 (in English only); 18; 18 ADD •. l; 22; 24; 24 CORR. 1; 25; 29; 37; 38 ; 41; 43; 45; PiNK 5

6; 7; 7 ADD. 1; 7 ADD. 2; 8; 27; PINK 5

28; 51; PINK 13

~.

1· I 2· I 3' I 4· I

5· I 6· , 7

8; 9;" 10; 11; 12; .13; 14; 15

16; 17; 18; 19; 20

~.

1

XII

Agenda item No.

4.5

4.6

Marine meteorology, IGOSS and other ocean-related activities

Integrated WWW System Study

5. Research and Developmen.t Programme - Regional aspects

5.1 Atmospheric research, in­cluding radiation and atmospheric ozone

AGENDA

Relevant documents

10- 11- 17-, , , PINK 14

42; PINK 20

14; 19; 35; 40; 46; PINK 11

5.2 Investigation of moisture PINK 6

5.3

transport in the atmosphere over the continent of Europe

The Global Atmospheric Research Programme, inclu­ding ALP EX

6. Meteorological Applications and Environment Programme -Regional aspects

6.1

6.2

6.3

7.

8.

9.

10.

Agricultural meteorology, including regional aspects of the WMO Agriculture and Desertification Programme

Climatology and appli­cations of meteorology, in­cluding regional aspects of the WMO Plan of Action in the field of energy problems

Environmental pollution

Hydrology and Water Resources Programme -Regional aspects

Education and Training Programme - Regional aspects

World Climate Programme -Regional aspects

Technical Co-operation Programme - Reg~onaI aspects

32; PINK 7

12; 21; PINK 8

30; 34; 36; 49; PINK 12

23; PINK 9

13; 15; 48; PINK 17

9; 52; PINK 18

31; 31 ADD. 1; 33 PINK 3

4-, PINK 19

Res. Rec.

21; 22; 23

24

25; 26; 27

28

29; 30; 31

32

33

Agenda item No.

11. Scientific lectures and discussions

AGENDA

Relevant documents

PINK 2

12. Review of previous reso- 3; PINK 16

13.

lut.ions and recommendations of the Association and of relevant Executive Committee~ resolutions

Election of officers

14. Date and place of the ninth session

15. Closure of the session

PINK 10 PINK 21

XIII

Res. Rec.

34

GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE_WORK OF THE SESSION -

1. OPENING OF THE SESSION (Agenda item 1)

1.1 At the kind invitation of the Government of Italy, the eighth session of Regional Association VI (Europe) was held in the premises of the Ministry for Posts and Telecommunications, Viale America, in Rome from 5 to 15 October 1982.

1.2 The opening ceremony took place in the main conference room of the Ministry for Posts and Telecommunications at 10.30 a.m. on 5 October 1982. Dr. A. W. Kabakibo, acting president of Regional Association VI~ opened the session.

1.3 His excellency the Minister for Posts and Telecommunications, the Honourable R. Gaspari, welcomed the participants. Commenting' on the great impact that the work of the session would no doubt have in the field of meteorology he expressed satisfaction at his country being in a position to contribute to this event.

1.4 Professor o. Tortosa, Rome City Councillor, speaking on behalf of the Mayor of Rome, stressed the Romans' traditional interest in science in general and meteorology in particular. This interest has been increased recently due to the aggravation of urban problems such as pollution, transport, etc. which are very much dependent on meteorological events. The speaker also touched on the man/science f

relationship, stressing that real progress demaods that science be in the service of man. The speaker concluded by wishing the delegates a fruitful session and a pleasant stay in Rome.

1.5 The Secretary-General of the World Meteorological Organization, Mr. A. C. Wiin-Nielsen, expressed the Organization's gratitude to the Italian Govern­ment for its kind invitation to host the session and for the excellent facilities it provided. He commented on the importance the Organization attached to the valuable contribution Italy had always provided in giving its full support to the various WMO programmes. Apropos of this he mentioned the recent contribution to ALPEX and the RA VI Seminar on Radar Meteorology then being held in Erice at the International School of Meteorology of the Mediterranean, in Sicily, Particular emphasis was placed on the Integrated WWW System Study, based on the results of the FGGE experiment, and for which Members of the Region are ready to contribute. He expressed confidence that the session would be a successful one and would formulate regional programmes to strengthen meteorology and its applications.

1.6 General L. Arezzo, Inspector-General for Telecommunications and Assistance to Air Navigation, said that the role played by meteorology was essential for aviation and assured t~e session that his ~ountry would make every effort to implement the decisions about to be taken.

1.7 In his address to the session, Dr. Kabakibo welcomed once again the parti-cipants and thanked them in advance for the efforts they would devote to the work of the Association. He particularly expressed his appreciation to the Italian Government for organizing the session.

1.8 At the session there were 116 participants of whom a complete list is given at the beginning of this report.

2 GENERAL SUMMARY

2. ORGANIZATION OF THE SESSION (Agenda item 2)

2.1 Consideration of the report on credentials (Agenda item 2.1)

In accordance with Regulation 21 of the WMO General Regulations, the representative of the Secretary-General presented a list of participants indicating the capacity in which they were attending the session and whose credentials were valid. As this list was accepted as the first report on credentials it was decided not to establish a Credentials Committee.

2.2 Adoption of the agenda (Agenda item 2.2)

The session considered its provisional agenda and decided to add a sub­item on the Integrated WWW System Study as sub-item 4.6. The agenda of the session is given at the beginning of this report.

2.3 Establishment of committees (Agenda item 2.3)

2.3.1 In accordance with Regulation 23 of the WMO General Regulations, the Association established the following committees:

(a) Nomination Committee composed of the principal delegates of Belgium, By~Io;ussIan-S:S:R:j Czechoslovakia, the Federal Republic of Germany and Iceland. The principal delegate of Iceland was elected chairman;

(b) Co-ordination Committee composed of the president and vice-president of-the-Associationj-the chairmen of Working Committees A and B, with assistance from the WMO Secretariat.

2.3.2 To examine the various agenda items, the Association established two working committees, as follows:

2.4

(a) Working Committee A entrusted with the consideration of agenda items 4j-9-and-I2:--Prof: Dr. W. Bohme (German Democratic Republic) was elected chairman and Mr. A. Zancla (Italy) vice-chairman;

(b) Working Committee B entrusted with the consideration of agenda items 5j-oj-7j-S-and-IO:- Mr. D. L. Linehan (Ireland) was elected c~airman and Dr. E. Jatila (Finland) vice-chairman.

Other organizational questions (Agenda item 2.4)

The Association approved various organizational aspects of the work of the session during its first plenary meeting. Regulation III of the WMO General Regulations, minutes of plenary meetings which could not be consultation with the participants.

It noted that, in accordance with the president would approve those approved during the session, after

3. REPORT BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE ASSOCIATION (Agenda item 3)

3.1 The Association expressed its appreciation for the report presented by its acting president and for the excellent way in which he had guided the work during his term of office. It endorsed the views expressed by its acting president that high priority should be given to the further development of WWW, WCP and the Education and Training Programme. The need for assistance in implementing WMO Programmes by Members in the south-eastern part of Region VI was particularly stressed by the acting

GENERAL SUMMARY 3

president in his report and endorsed by the Association. Most of the questions raised in the report were referred to the working committees for consideration under the appropriate agenda items.

3.2 Having discussed the working procedures for working groups established by RA VI the Association agreed that:

(a) Each chairman of a.working group and each rapporteur should submit an annual report on 15 November each year on the activities of the group in the preceding year and the detailed work plan for 18 months ahead;

{b) The working groups and rapporteurs should take into account those activities of technical commissions related to their work and should avoid duplication of work.

3.3 The Association invited the president of RA VI to co-ordinate and guide the activities of the working groups and rapporteurs and make appropriate proposals to the Executive Committee, concerning allocation of funds, for meetings of RA VI working groups.

3.4 The Association requested the Secretary-General to keep its president informed of all activities relating to RA VI and to keep the chairmen of RA VI working groups and rapporteurs informed on activities within technical commissions relating to their terms of reference.

3.5 Consideration of questions relating to Ninth Congress

3.5.1 The Association felt that the session should be used as an opportunity to consider important matters which will be discussed at Cg-IX, with a view to formulating a regional position which could speed up discussions during Congress. It was informed by Dr. K. Langlo, chairman of the EC Panel of Experts for the Review of the Scientific and Technical Structure of WHO, and by the Secretary-General of the results of the work of the above panel.

3.5.2 Due to the numerous largely divergent op~n~ons expressed by Members for changes in the structure and working methods of the Organization and the impossibility of finding a consensus amongst Members for changes, the Association felt that Congress should avoid changing the present structure of the Organization in respect of regional associations and the number of technical commissions. However, Congress should con­centrate on analysing the deficiencies in the work of WHO constituent bodies, on the basis of the report of the EC Panel of Experts for the Review of the Scientific and Technical Structure of WHO, and make proposals to eliminate them. Thus the work of WHO would be streamlined and made more efficient and effective, whilst basically main­taining the present structure of its constituent bodies.

3.5.3 The Association also discussed the long-term scientific activities of the Organization, including the m~in objectives and priorities for the next ten years. It was informed by the Secretary-General of the progress made in the preparation of a Long-term Plan for the Organization which will be presented to Congress for approval. The Long-term Plan sets out the main activities' for implementation by the Organization and its Members. Prof. Dr. Y. Izrael, chairman of the Scientific and Technical Adviso­ry Committee of WHO, and the Secretary-General informed the Association that the cen­tral theme for the Long-term Plan will be action for improving forecasting. The pro­gramme priorities will be, first, the World Weather Watch, followed by the World Climate Programme and Transfer of Technology. Tra~sfer of knowledge on proven tech­niques and methodology, education and training, as well as provision of hardware

4 GENERAL· SUMMARY

constitute the main elements under the heading·"transfer of technology". It was also mentioned that a component of technology transfer will be included under each of the WMO programmes. This information was noted with appreciation·and. the concepts out­lined above were endorsed.

3.5.4 The Association noted with appreciation the explanation given by the Secretary-General on the proposed Programme and Budget for the ninth financial period (1984-1987). The Secretary-Generol explained that the proposed budget was based on the principle of an overall "zero growth" of the total programme. However, increases are proposed in some high-priority activities, while some low-priority activities should be reduced to compensate for the increase. The total number of staff in the WMO Secretariat should remain unchanged. The Association expressed the opinion that a zero growth budget should still allow for. the introduction of new programme activi­ties, but they should be supported at the expense of lower priorit~ ongoing programmes.

3.5.5 The Association noted with satisfaction the availability of satellite data through operational meteorological/environmental satellite programmes. It felt that most of the current operational data requirements were met by the existing satellite systems and expressed the hope that the satellite operators would continue their pro­grammes at the present level. During the discussions, views were expressed that a long-term policy and strategy for maintaining (a) global meteorological satellite system(s) should be developed to ensure continuity of operation and sufficient assu­rances should be given to all Members concerning availability of satellite data. It was made known that a meeting of high-level experts designated by the Executive Com-· mittee, with adequate representation from regional associations, would meet in Decem­ber 1982 to study the overall policy and strategy for the future WWW, in particular the long-term global meteorological satellite programme. The results of the study will be made available to Cg-IX for consideration.

3.5.6 In compliance with Regulation 116 of the WMO General Regulations, the president of a regional association, after ascertaining the requirements of Members concerned, shall notify the Secretary-General at least 180 days before the opening of each session of Congress of the working languages which will be required at sessIons of that association during the ensuing financial period. At the request of the acting president, the Association considered the matter and concluded that the arrangements were adequat~, i.e. interpretation from and into Arabic, English, French and Russian, and the docume~tation and the final report in English, French and Russian.

4. WORLD WEATHER WATCH PROGRAMME - REGIONAL ASPECTS (Agenda item 4)

4.1 instruments and methods of observation

4.1.1 General

4.1.1.1 The Association noted that the Global Observing System (GOS), as outlined in the World Weather Watch (WWW) Plan for 1980-1983, was composed of:

(a) The surface-based sub-system, consisting of the following main ele­ments: regional basic synoptic networks, fixed sea stations, ~obile ships, automatic marine stations and aircraft;

(b) The space-based sub-system, consisting of the near-polar-orbiting satellites, the geostationary meteorological/environmental satellites and the associated ground segments for reception and processing of data, in particular read-out stations.

GENERAL SUMMARY 5

4.1.1.2 It was recognized that while an increasing amount of quantitative satel­lite data had become available and further increases might be expected, the surface­based sub-system would continue to constitute the basic source of data needed to meet global, regional and national requirements. Therefore, Members were urged to main­tain, and to spare no efforts in expanding, their present observing networks and facilities. Efforts should also be continued to improve the regularity and quality of observations to meet the standards set out in the WMO Technical Regulations, inclu­ding the Manual on the GOS.

4.1.1.3 The Association reviewed Volume II - Regional aspects, Region VI, of the Manual on the GOS with a view to incorporating regional decisions on observing systems applicable in the Region. Members were urged to follow the regional procedures and practices to ensure an improved co-ordinated operation of the GOS in Region VI. Resolution 1 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.1.2

4.1.2.1 Having reviewed its regional basic synoptic network of surface and upper-air stations the Association amended it on the basis of proposals made during the ses­sion by the various delegations. It noted, in this connexion, the action taken by its president and acting president respectively in amending the network since its seventh session, in accordance with the aufhorizationgiven to them.

4.1.2.2 In reviewing the regional basic synoptic network, the Association noted with appreciation the high level of implementation reached by the network, as well as by the other components of the GOS in the Region. It was felt, however, that further efforts were required to overcome the remaining deficiencies still existing in some parts of the Region.

4.1.2.3 Several Members in the south-eastern part of the Region, where the network of surface and upper-air stations intended for national purposes is much denser than the regional basic synoptic network, were invited to consider the possibility of in­cluding additional synoptic stations in the regional basic synoptic network which would conform in general to the specifications laid down for principal land stations in the Manual on the Global Observing System. One Member has already complied with this invitation and has had seven new synoptic land stations included in the regional basic synoptic network in July 1982.

4.1.2.4 The Association noted that the upper-air data coverage over the Mediter-ranean Sea was insufficient and urged Members concerned to study the possibility of establishing additional upper-air stations on islands. In this connexion, it was informed of the particular value of upper-air reports from island stations for the calibration of satellite vertical sounding data. The offer by Italy to assist Malta in establishing a radiosonde/radiowind station at Luqa was noted with appreciation. -The Association felt that the possibility of further support to the station should be investigated, possibly through VCP, UNDP or other assistance programmes. It requested the Secretary-General to assist in the formulation of a viable assistance project.

4.1.2.5 Resolution 2 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

Calibration of instruments and network maintenance

4.1.2.6 The Association considered that, to maintain a high level of quality and completeness of observations and of the correct functioning of instruments, appro­priate quality-control procedures should be applied regularly to the observations made and the observing stations should be inspected periodically.

I ---

6 GENERAL SUMMARY

4.1.2.7 The Association recalled that the barometers used at operational stations should be checked periodically, at least once every three years, by reference to the national standard instruments. Portable standard instruments may be used for this purpose and, in such cases, the portable standard should be compared with the national standard both before and after each comparison of barometers. Instruments designated as national and regional standards should be compared by means of travelling standards at least once every ten years.

4.1. 2. 8 The Association noted that the total number of ships recruited to carry out surface observations within the WMO Voluntary Observing Ship Scheme by its Members had slightly increased from 3948 ships in 1978 to 4065 ships in 1982. It also noted that the number of ships equipped to carry out radiowind and radiosonde observations had decreased by two ships and that at present 15 ships make radiowind observations and 18 ships radiosonde observations.

4.1.2.9 In this connexion, the view was expressed that the number of ships equip-ped to make radiosonde and radiowind observations should be increased to supplement the upper-air observations already made at the fixed sea stations constituting the NAOS network. Therefore, Members were urged to equip more ships to that effect and improve the collection of the corresponding upper-ai~ data using the HF coastal radio stations or the INMARSAT system, as applicable.

North Atlantic Ocean Stations

4.1.2.10 The Association noted that the NAOS Board had decided to maintain the present network until at least the end of 1985 in principle. It was informed that, due to the withdrawal from service of the ships manning Station Lima at the end of 1981, a new mode of manning the four stations of the network had been introduced and that the Operating Parties concerned had not experienced any difficulties with it.

4.1.2.11 Note was also taken of the fact that since February 1982 the Telex-Over-Radio (TOR) system had been introduced for the communications between the vessels and the shore station in Bracknell with success.

4.1.2.12 The Association welcomed the news of the accession of Italy to the NAOS Agreement in August 1981. It was informed at the same time that Yugoslavia had denounced the Agreement and that this country may again join the NAOS network in the future.

4.1.2.13 The Association-noted that the NAOS network provides meteorological in­formation essential to Members in Europe for forecasting purposes and strongly felt that the financial basis of the NAOS Agreement should be broadened with the object of achieving a wider sharing of the substantial costs of the NAOS operations among a larger number of Members than at present. It expressed concern at the possible cessation of the network if a solution to this problem is not found. The Association was concious of the fact that any potential alternative means of acquiring upper-air data over the Atlantic Ocean should be studied carefully within the Integrated WWW System Study as a possible replacement of NAOS after 1990. The Association noted that a gap· in the network might therefore occur for some years. It therefore decided to reiterate its appeal to Members of the Region and of adjacent Regions to joint the NAOS Agreement and adopted Resolution 3 (VIII-RA VI).

Aircraft

4.1.2.14 The Association attached particular importance to the efficient acquisi­tion, processing and use of meteorological data from commercial aircraft in the form

GENERAL SUMMARY 7

of AIREP reports. It noted in this regard that the results of the monitoring of the operation of the WWW carried out in October 1981 showed that the reception of AIREP reports at centres on the MTC in the Region was satisfactory for some parts of the globe but that there were still deficiencies in large areas. The Association was in­formed by one Member that difficulties -in collection of AI REPs arose due to imprecise delimitation of responsibilities of Aeronautical and Meteorological Authorities on a national level. Therefore, it invited CAeM and ICAO to review and clarify the present joint WMO/ICAO AI REP collection procedures.

4.1.2.15 The Association, on the other hand, welcomed the efforts made to develop an operational automatic meteorological data aircraft reporting scheme. It noted that actions have been initiated to develop the automatic reporting through VHF and HF facilities of meteorological data from commercial wide-bodied aircraft and that at the same time arrangements are being made to develop a new operational Aircraft-to­Satellite-Data-Relay System. Members were invited to follow closely the development of these automatic aircraft weather reporting systems and to consider favourably their possible participation in the ASDAR scheme when operational ASDAR units become avail­able for installation on wide-bodied aircraft. Members were invited to discuss with airlines registered in their own countries the possibility 9f installing and operating ASDAR units on aircraft of their fleet.

Ground weather radar stations -----~---------

4.1.2.16 The Association noted with appreciation the excellent report by the Rap­porteur on Regional Aspects of Collection, Exchange and Processing of Radar Informa­tion in Digital Form, Mr. D. Podhorsky (Czechoslovakia).

4.1.2.17 The report by the rapporteur submitted to the session contained inte~esting and far-reaching proposals on new methods for fixing radar meteorological information on PPI scope as well as a proposal for meteorological radar data base and archiving systems. The Association learned with interest that the results of the above develop­ment work will be used by the special ALPEX data centre for radar data in Czechoslovakia. The view was expressed that the work started by the rapporteur should be completed and the results made available in an appropriate form to Members. The Association decided to reappoint the rapporteur to continue the work. Resolution 4 (VIII-RA VI) was adop­ted.

4.1.2.18 The Association was informed of the efforts being made, under the auspices of COST Project 72, to develop weather radar networks in western Europe and of co­operative programmes of Members in central and eastern Europe to establish weather radar networks. There was agreement that it would be strongly desirable to develop regional practices, codes, protocols and procedures which would be used by Members for the exchange of digitized radar information on a bilateral or multilateral basis on the GTS to meet their data requirements for very short or short-term forecasting. The Association felt that this work should be undertaken by a small working group, in close liaison with the RA VI Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications. It urged the working group to complete the task as soon as possible and submit a first report with proposals to the president no later than 1 March 1984 and a final report no- later than six months before its ninth session. Resolution 5 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.1.2.19 Having reviewed the network of CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP reporting stations in the Region the Association amended it in the light of information provided by Members during the session. In doing so, it took into account the necessity to amend this network as little as possible in order to maintain the necessary uniformity in the series of the data collected for the preparation of climatological summaries and records.

r -

8 GENERAL SUMMARY

4.1.2.20 The Association was of the op1n10n that CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP data are of great value to the Members of the Region and the need for the early application of these data to the economic problems of countries was emphasized. Furthermore the need was stressed for careful quality control of these data by the Members of the Region.

4.1.2.21 Resolution 6 (VIII-'"RA VI) was adopted.

4.1.3 ~~~~=:~~~=~-~~~:=~=!=~ 4.1.3.1 The Association recognized the importance of near-polar-orbiting and geostationary meteorological/environmental satellites to provide global data coverage, through quantitative data distributed largely on the GTS and through imagery received directly from the satellites or as processed information via the GTS. Furthermore it expressed the view that the data collection and location capabilities of meteorologi~" cal satellites were of importance for collecting in-situ observations from stations in the regional basic networks (e.g. Greenland) from mobile ships, buoys and other sea platforms, and from commercial aircraft (e.g. ASDAR reports). Details of the com­position of the operational polar-orbiting and geostationary satellite systems have been set out in paragraphs 77 to 90 of the WWW Plan for 1980-1983.

4.1.3.2 "The Association observed the need for full implementation of the opera­tional satellite systems specified in the WWW Plan. It appealed to the Members and satellite operators concerned to spare no effort to maintdin their meteorological satellite system at least at the present level without any reduction and to ensure continuity of their programmes to avoid gaps in the availability of satellite data for operational and research purposes. In this connexion the vital importance for keeping two NOAA TIROS-N type and METEOR-2 type satellites in operation to provide global data coverage was specifically stressed. Furthermore, an appeal was made to Members participating in ESA space programmes to continue their efforts and to agree as soon as possible on an operational METEOSAT programme and to take appropriate measures to extend the present pre-operational programme until 1987 to avoid inter­ruption of the availability of METEOSAT quantitative data and imagery; The Associa­tion stressed the desirability that operating Members should continue to provide satellite information in accordance with the WMO principles and traditions for the exchange of information. Recommendation 1 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.1.3.3 (Italy) carried tion it various

The Association noted with appreciation the report by Dr. B.Bizzgrd on the use of satellite data in Region VI and congratulated him on the work out. Noting the extensive use of satellite data by Members of the Associa­agreed that efforts should continue to promote their use for WWW, WCP and

WMO application programmes. Resolution 7 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.1.3.4 Specific reference was made to Observing System Experiments using FGGE data which are being carried out in the framework of the Integrated WWW System Study. The Association was of the opinion that the results of the Integrated WWW System Study would allow the design of an optimized global observing system consisting of an optimum mix of observing systems components and providing the required observa­tional data in a cost-effective manner. It"invited CBS to give high priority to Study Area (1) - Optimized Observing System (see also agenda item 4.6).

4.1.4

4.1.4.1 The Association noted that many of its Members had established automatic observing station networks for synoptic and climatological purposes. Rapid techno­logical developments in the field of automatic data acquisition and their cost effec­tiveness may bring about a marked increase in the use of automatic weather stations.

GENERAL SUMMARY 9

In order to ensure homogeneity, high quality and reliability of observations obtained by automatic devices, it was felt that the agreed quality-control standards set out in the Manual on the GOS should be strictly adhered to. The Association also agreed that further work on standard algorithms for conversion of Level I to Level II data should be continued by CBS through its Working Group on the GOS, in co-operation with CIMO through its Working Group on Instruments and Methods of Observation for Surface Data. It was pointed out in this connexion that new concepts might be needed for automating observations of some synoptic elements in an economic way. It was also mentioned that CCAM should be consulted on the stability requirements of measurement sensors for climatological purposeso

4.2 Data-processing system, including code matters (Agenda item 4.2)

4.2.1 Functions and activities of GDPS centres

4.2.1.1 Noting with satisfaction the activities.of the WMCs, RMCs and NMCs, as well as the ECMWF in the Region, the Association recognized that the number and quality of output products had considerably increased since its previous session. It further noted, however, that Members' demands for output products had also in­creased.

4.2.1.2 The Association was'informed that, as requested by tha Commission for Basic Systems, a new inquiry had been initiated by the Secretary-General to ascer­tain Members' requirements for WMC and RMC products, as well as those for other products such as AFC and ECMWF products. The WMCs and RMCs concerned have been in­formed of the results of the inquiry.

4.2.1.3 Emphasis was given to the need to strengthen the NMCs as they constitute an essential element in the GDPS. The NMCs have become the main' interface between international programmes s~ch as the WWW and the national Meteorological Services. Therefore, Members were urged to develop their National Meteorological Centres, as necessary, in such a way that they were capable of deriving maximum benefit from output products received from WMCs, RMCs and other centres.

4.2.1.4 The Association was informed that the RMC Bracknell had developed a new series of numerical prediction programmes for use with a Cyber 205 computer. New models have been introduced operationally. Forecasts from a fine-mesh 15 level model (grid length approximately 75 km) for an area 300 N to 800 N and 800 W to 400 E arid from a global coarse-mesh model (grid length approximately 150 km) will be available in ' grid code form for distribution on the GTS as from the beginning of 1983. The Asso­ciation congratulated the U.K. and requested the Permanent Representative of that country to make detailed information available to the Secretary-General for distri­bution to all WMO Members. Members will be invited to state their requirements for reception of these output products. Distribution arrangements on the GTS will be worked out and co-ordinated by the Secretariat as required.

4.2.1.5 Appreciation was expressed at the excellent report by Dr. E. G. Lomonosov (U.S.S.R.), chairman of the Working Group on Co-ordination of Requirements for Data in GRID Code Form. The information on requirements for output products, consolidated by the working group, was brought to the attention of Members, concerned and had been taken into consideration in the preparation of output products and used as guidance for distribution of WMC/RMC/ECMWF products in Region VI.

4.2.1.6 The Association concurred with the proposal by the working group that, in the interest of standardization, RMC products covering the area between 750 N and 250 N should be on a 2.50 by 2.50 mesh. RMCs were invited to use the above standard grid as appropriate. The possible use of a 10 mesh by RMCs in the Region was also discussed, and it was agreed that this matter needed further study by the Working

10 GENERAL SUMMARY

Group on Co-ordination of Requirements for Data in GRID Code Form. In particular, the working group should investigate the advantages of this fine mesh and the impact of its use on the loading of the GTS. The Association decided to re-establish the Working Group on Co-ordination of Requirements for Data in GRID Code Form. Reso­lution 8 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.2.2 Volume II of the Manual on the GDPS

The Association noted that the regional section concerning Region VI in Volume II of the Manual on the Global Data-processing System required expansion and updating. The results of an inquiry conducted by the Secretariat were used for the preparation of the updated version of the text for inclusion in Volume II (Region VI). Resolution 9 {VIII-RA VI) was adopted. The Association invited its president to arrange, in consultation with the Secretary-General, for the updating of the text in Volume II, as required.

4.2.3 ~::=~=~!~!~~~,:.~i_~=~!~=::_~~i~::~~!~~~_i~::_~~~!::~~~!~~~_~L!~=_~~~~_~=~~~

4.2.3.1 Having noted with appreciation the report by Mr. L. Ag (Sweden), Rappor-teur on the Effective Presentation of Weather Information for Distribution by Mass Media, the Association congratulated him for the important work he had carried out in this field.

4.2.3.2 The report was discussed in detail and it was ·felt that more attention needed to be devoted by Members to the development of methods and strategies for the distribution of weather information to users. In this connexion, it was recognized that Meteorological Services were to a large extent dependent on communications ex­perts (e.g. television and bro~dcastiog corporations) for the form of presentation of weather data by the mass media. For the information of Meteorological Services on the various methods used, the Association requested the Secretary-General to study the possibility of including in the exhibition to be organized during Cg-IX a presen­tation through video display (e.g. video cassettes) of methods used nationally for disseminating weather information to users by audio-visual techniques.· In this con­nexion, the growing use of TELETEXT and VIDEOTEXT techniques - for rapid distribution of weather information to a broadcast or selective distribution mode (e.g. cable television or video display systems) - was mentioned as a technology with great poten­tial for giving increased credibility to short-term local weather forecasting. Members were urged to pay particular attention to this field. Resolution 10 (VIII-RA.VI) was adopted. The Association also requested the Secretary-General to study the pos­sibility of collecting material on national arrangements for disseminating weather information by the mass media, for distribution to Members, if requested.

4.2.3.3 The Association was informed that, within the Integrated WWW·System Study (ISS), Study Area (5) - Output products and user interface, methods of formu­lation and presentation of weather information to users have been included with a view to developing a better interface between the meteorological preparation of wea­ther information and user groups. It invited the president of CBS to arrange for the inclusion in Study Area (5) of a specific study on methods of presentation of weather information by the mass media and other communication techniques. It was felt that such a study should be conducted jointly by experts on information processes, inter­national broadcasting organizations and experts from Meteorological Services with a view to providing Members with guidance material in this important field for national use.

4.2.4

The information provided on bilateral or multilateral arrangements for the exchange of warnings of hazardous weather information was noted with appreciation~

GENERAL SUMMARY 11

The Association recognized the need for the exchange of warnings bilaterally or multi­laterally using standard message formats and regionally agreed procedures, including threshold values of predicted hazardous phenomena, related wind, precipitation, te~­peratures, etc. The Association decided to establish a small Working Group on the Exchange of Warnings of Hazardous Weathe-r Phenomena to study these problems, in close: co-operation with the RA VI Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications. It was felt that the working group should carry out its work by correspondence. Reso­lution 11 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.2.5

4.2.5.1 Noting with appreciation the report by the RA VI Rapporteur on Codes, Mr. K. H. Hartmann (German Democratic Republic), the Association commended him for the excellent work he had done in representing Regional Association VI on the CBS Working Group on Codes.

4.2.5.2 The Association noted that Volume II of the Manual on Codes had to be standardized in so far as Region VI was concerned to bring it into line with the present structure of Volume I of the Manual, and that Resolution 28 (80-RA VI) adopted as an inter-session resolution took care of the new structure for Code Forms FM 12-VII SYNOP and FM 13-VII SHIP. Given that the same standardizing process was needed for other code forms, the Association adopted Resolution 12 (VIII-RA VI).

4.2.5.3 This opportunity was taken to invite Members who had not yet done so to update as a matter of urgency the natiorial practices regarding their respective countries as contained in Volume II of the Manual on Codes. The Association felt that this was required in order to eliminate problems arising in many countries when the necessary information about other Members' encoding practices was unknown. In that respect, referring to Resolution 7 (Ext. 76-RA VI), the Association invited its Members to take into account the definition of "national practices" when forwarding information on their national coding practices to the Secretariat.

4.2.5.4 The Association noted that, in Code Forms FM-12-VII SYNOP and FM 13-VII SHIP, some of the present regulations for the group 7wwWIW2 gave rise to different interpretations which would imply ambiguities when encoding and decoding reports. In this connexion, the Association was informed that the question had already been brought to the attention of the Commission for Basic Systems and that the matter was under consideration.

4.2.5.5 The Association noted the new Code Forms FM 12-VII SYNOP and FM 13-VII SHIP had by then been introduced for about ten months and that in general these code forms were found satisfactory and there was no need for urgent changes. It considered, however, that it would be useful to review the experience gained-in using these code forms as far as regional practices are concerned. It was of the opinion that this was a matter for further- study by the Association together with other regional coding questions. Therefore, it was decided to reappoint a Rapporteur on Codes. Resolu­tion 13 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.2.5.6 A proposal was considered to introduce regional coding procedures for the reporting on a regional basis of low-level data in Part B of Code Form FM 35-V TEMP and it was decided to adopt Resolution 14 (VIII-RA VI). On the other hand, there was a suggestion that the 925 hPa surface should be included in Part A of Code Form FM 35':'V TEMP as a mandatory surface. It was also suggested that,- instead of referring to the 925 hPa surface (which, according to the meteorological conditions prevailing, could be sometimes below the ground level) low-level data should be reported for a fixed height level, e.g. 900 m. It was felt that these two proposals should be brought as a matter of urgency to the attention of the Commission for Basic Systems for further study,

12 GENERAL SUMMARY

4.2~5.7 The Association also considered a proposal to introduce a code to be used to transmit forecasts for general aviation in Europe. In this connexion it noted that this code has been in use on a trial basis by some of its Members and that they had found it satisfactory. Other Members using national codes for the same purpose indicated that they were prepared to use the new code if adopted regionally. Consequently, Resolution 15 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.2.5.S When considering a proposal to introduce a new regional code form to report data from Ocean Data Acquisition Systems (ODAS) over the GTS the Association noted that this new code would combine the content of Code Forms FM l3-VII SHIP, FM 63-V BATHY, FM 64-V TESAC and the DRIBU code. Some Members thought thClt the new code would be of great interest to countries participating in the European project COST 43. However, other Members felt that the need for the introduction of this- code had to be demonstrated. It was also mentioned that some refinements in the code would be required prior to its adoption. Consequently, the Association requested the -Secretary-General to refer this question as a matter of urgency to the Commission for Basic Systems for consideration. The details regarding this code form are contained in Annex I.

4.2.5.9 Apropos of this the Association noted that a substantial number of ocean data acquisition systems were being operated in the sea areas bordering the Region and that, for this reason, the ODAS code form may be considered of great value. There-­fore, Members operating such systems may wish to test the code and make the results available to the president of the Association as well as to the Secretary-General for submission to CBS.

4.2.5.10 The Association noted that, even before the introduction of-the new code forms SYNOP and SHIP, proposals had been made for an improvement of the system of 9SpSpspsp groups with a view to reaching a greater inter-regional and global standard­ization and that these proposals were still valid. It decided that this matter should be referred to the newly appointed Rapporteur on Codes.

4.2.5.11 _ The Associqtion also felt it necessary to consider improving data trans­mission by means of the regional groups in Section 3 of the code forms FM l2-VII SYNOP and FM l3-VII SHIP. One possible version of Section 3 was as follows:

Section 3 333

Os T T T Is T T T n g g g n x x x

«5jlj2j3j4j5j6j7jSj9»

8N Ch h­s s s 9SpSps s

p p

2s T T T 3ESSS n n n n

4E'sss

(6RRRtR

) 7s's's't R

(80000 - (0 •••• ) -(1. ••• ) .... ). Furthermore, data on fresh snow depth could be included in group 7/s s s or in a new group following group SOOOO (i.e. O/s sf sf or as sst). Consi~etafion should also be given to the inclusion of a code figure in c6d! fa~le lS19 (i ) specifically for cases when the precipitation group was included in Section 5 forR national use (e.g. t?e figure 5): Th~ possibility should also be considered of providing in the regulat10ns for cod1ng ~R for cases where the period during which the ~recipitation was measured ended earlier than the transmission time for these data. It was de­cided to refer this question to the Rapporteur on Codes for further studyo

4.3 Telecommunication system (Agenda item 4.3)

GENERAL SUMMARY

4.3.1 ~~~~~!-~~-!~~-~~~~~~~~-~!-!~~-~~~~~~~-~~~~~-~~-~~!~~~~~~~~~~~-!~!~~~~: munications

The Association noted with appreciation the two documents submitted by the chairman of theRA VI Working Group "on Meteorological Telecommunications,

13

Mr. W. Bopp (Federal Republic of Germany), namely the report on the activities of the group since the seventh session of Regional Association VI and the report of the thirteenth session of the working group which was held in Geneva from 30 March to 7 April 1982. It congratulated the chairman of the working group on the important work his group had carried out. Action on the points raised in these two documents was discussed under the various paragraphs given" below.

4.3.2

4.3.2.1 The Association reviewed the present operational status of the Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network in Region VI - Europe, as regards centres, point-to-point circuits, RTT and radio-facsimile broadcasts. It noted with satis­faction that the implementation of the Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Plan for Region VI had made progress since the seventh session of RA VI. In particular, nine segments of the MTC and its branches, 19 main regional circuits and 33 regional circuits are operational at present. Out of 14 inter-regional circuits, 12 are in operation. Furthermore, one WMC, eight RTHs and 13 NMCs are automated. All required RTT and radio-facsimile broadcasts are also in operation.

4.3.2.2 The Association considered that further upgrading would be necessary to meet RA VI Members' requirements for exchange of meteorological information, in par­ticular output products of WMCs, RMCs, AFCs and other centres. Members were urged to spare no effort in upgradin~ as necessary, the existing facilities (centres and cir­cui ts) to meet the increasin-g requirements for--processed information in both GRID code and pictorial form.

4.3.2.3 The Association discussed problems related to the re-routeing of meteor­ological information in cases of outages of circuits and centres and, in view of the importance of the matter, requested the Secretary-General to convene a meeting of experts from WMCs and RTHs concerned during the first half of 1983, as proposed by the thirteenth session of the RA VI Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications.

4.3.2.4 The ICAO observer informed the Association that there were insufficient observational data from the north-eastern part of Region I and from the south-eastern part of Region VI and adjacent areas to meet the data requirements of area forecast centres. The Association requested the Secretary-General to study this matter, in consultation with its president, with a view to removing this defect.

4.3.3

4.3.3.1 The Association noted with satisfaction that the results of the non-real-time monitoring of the operation of the WWW carried out in October 1981 indicated a satisfactory level of data availability in Region VI. However, observational data from some parts of Region V.I were not fully exchanged amongst RA VI centres. It noted with appreciation that the Members concerned had already taken the necessary remedial actions in order to improve the existing situation.

4.3.3.2 Re-affirming the important"role of the monitoring of the operation of the WWW the Association noted the urgent request of EC-XXXIII to implement fully the monitoring plan, namely real-time and non-real~time-monitoring, including the exchange of results between the centres concerned, as specified in the plan for monitoring included in the Manuals on the GOS, GDPS and GTS.

14 GENERAL SUMMARY

4.3.3.3 It was noted that one of the main causes of loss of observational data was due to non-adherence to the WMO standard format of meteorological messages. Furthermore, there might be other persisting errors in the meteorological messages which should be remedied. Therefore, it was agreed that neighbouring centres on the MTC and each RTH in its zone of responsibility should bring the matter to the atten­tion of the centre concerned. The latter centre, after taking remedial action, should inform all centres concerned.

4.3.3.4 The Association agreed that, in order to identify exact areas oi levels of the GTS at which messages were lost, RA VI Members should be urged:

(a) To spare no effort to participate in the global monitoring in Octo­ber every year (even partl~ if full participation is not possible) i

(b) To carry out smaller-scale monitoring exercises by bilateral or multi­lateral agreements for specific problem areas.

4.3.3.5 The Association requested the Secretary-General to include one specific type of monitoring for Region VI in the Secretariat monitoring programme for 1983. The area of this monitoring would be decided upon the basis of the results of the internationally co-ordinated non-real-time monitoring in October 1982 and also taking into account relevant suggestions of Members of Region VI. It was agreed that a special monitoring shall be carried out on the collection of ships' reports from the Mediterranean Sea and the distribution thereof.

4.3.4 ~!~!~!~~!!~~-~!-~~:~-!~~:~~~!-~~~~~~!~-~~-!~:-~!~ The Association noted Recommendation 4.2/1 - Telecommunication arrange­

ments for the World Area Forecast System's initial phase, of the Conjoint leAD COM/ME~ Divisional Meeting and the WMO CAeM-VII session (Montreal, April/May 1982) and the role that the GTS was expected to perform in the transmission of output products between WAFCs, WAFCs and RAFCs, between RAFCs, and the distribution of area forecast products t.o users. EC-XXXIV endorsed the part of the above recommendation of the con­joint session addressed to WMO for the use of the GTS in support of the World Area Forecast System. Furthermore, EC-XXXIV invited CBS and regional associations to take appropriate action on the above recommendation once a formal ICAO request was received. ICAO has not yet approved Recommendation 4.2/1 of the Joint CAeM-VII COM/MET Divisio­nal Meeting and, therefore, has not yet informed WMO of detailed requirements for the use to be made of the GTS for the dissemination of WAFC products until the improved Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network (AFTN) would be able to carry out this work. The Association appealed to Members to prepare their centres to meet the partici­pated request for support by the GTS. It requested its Working Group On Meteorolo­gical Telecommunications to study the question and make appropriate recommendations for the transmission and distribution requirements for area forecast products within Region VI and with neighbouring regions once ICAO has approved Recommendation 4.2/1 and has made known the requirements for the use of the GTS in the implementation of the WAFS. .

4.3.5

The Association noted that the cost of transmitting ships' weather reports from ships to NMCs via coastal radar stations had considerably increased in recent years. Furthermore, the introduction of the new common code for surface observations created a further increase as the charges are based on the number of words sent. It was also noted that some action had been taken by CBS and CMM, as well as by the Secretariat, with a view to reducing costs. The Association agreed to the use of ten-figure groups for ship-to-shore transmission ofships' weather reports in cases

GENERAL SUMMARY 15

where possible and advisable and requested GTS centres to reformat the ten-character groups into five-figure groups prior to their insertion into the GTS. Resolution 16 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.3.6 Presentation of SYNOP bulletins

4.3.6.1 The Association noted the lack of a uniform presentation format for SYNOP bulletins transmitted on the GTS and that nine different formats are being used. It agreed that, as an interim measure in Region VI, until one global presentation is agreed to, the following two versions would be used in Region VI:

(a) All Sections 1, 2, 3 and 4 should be continuously transmitted without any insertion of spaces and slants in the identifier groups of Sec­tions 3 and 4;

(b) Sections 1, 2, 3 and 4 should start at the beginning of a line but identifiers of Sections 3 and 4 should start with two spaces at the beginning.

Furthermore, the Association agreed that Section 5, when exchanged bilaterally or multilaterally, should be distributed under a special heading.

4.3.6.2 -Moreover, the Association invited CBS to avoid taking decisions on coding or telecommunication procedures which would result in a further increase of the length of individual SYNOP reports.

4.3.7 Amendments to the Manual on the GTS - Volume II - Regional aspects -~~~!~~=~!=:=~~~~e~--------------------------------------------------

4.3.7.1 Having reviewed the Regional Telecommunication Plan for Region VI (Europe) as contained in the Manual on the GTS, Volume II, Region VI, the Association felt that the provisions of all three parts of the plan needed some adjustments in the light of the discussions during the thirteenth session of the RA VI Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications (Geneva, March/April 1982).

4.3.7.2 The amendments made to Part I - Organization of the Regional Meteorolo-gical Telecommunication Plan in Region VI - were required to make the GTS more effi­cient in Region VI. It also took into consideration Members' plans to upgrade GTS circuits and 'centres. An appeal was made to Members to implement fully the updated plan as soon as possible. The Association was informed of the plans of the Arab Space Communication Organization to launch a communications satellite to improve tele­communications in the area and noted Saudi Arabia's plans to establish an inter­regional circuit between the NMC Amman (Region VI) and the RTH Jeddah (Region II). It agreed that this circuit be included in the RA VI Regional Meteorological Tele­communication Network and invited the Secretary-General to bring the-matter to the attention of Regional Association II for subsequent consideration. Resolution 17 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.3.7.3 The amendments to Part 11_- Telecommunication procedures for Region VI (Europe)-- refer to data banks which were considered an important additional feature of the GTS.

4.3.7~4 The Association gave preference to the Balanced Link -Access Procedure (LAPB) as specified in CCITT Rec.X.25 for future implementation action. Resolution 18 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.3.7.5 As regards the amendments to Part III of Volume II - Region VI - a number of provisions were inserted which it was hoped would be adopted by CBS in the near

16 GENERAL SUMMARY

future for global use. Some procedures were for guidance only and should be inserted in the planned Guide on the GTS. The Association requested the Secretary-General to remove any regional procedures or guidance material from PART III - Region VI - after the global regulatory or guidance material has been published. Resolution 19 (VIII­RA VI) was adopted.

4.3.7.6 The Association was informed that the tenth session of the CBS Working Group, on the GTS con~;idered submitting a proposal to CBS for the inclusion of the circuits jeddah-Offenbach and Dakar-Paris as new MTC branches and Moscow-Sofia and Sofia-Prague as new MTC segments in the WWW Plan. It gave its support to the above additional MTC branches and MTC segments and requested its president to inform the president of CBS accordingly.

4.3.7.7 The Association was informed that problems exist in some countries con-cerning the legal aspects of the reception of meteorological broadcasts by private companies and agencies, for the preparation of meteorological forecasts and their commercial use. It recognized that this was a difficult legal question requiring detailed studies of international regulations and national l~gislat{on and~ further­more, it felt that this was a world-wide problem which should be considered by CBS and possibly by EC and Congress. For the preparation of the appropriate documenta­tion for consideration at the next session ~f CBS, the Association invited the Secretary-General to study, in consultation with the president of CBS, the possibi­lity of convening, prior to CBS-VIII, an informal meeting of meteorologists and national and international legal experts on radio communication matters.

4.3.7.8 The Association was informed of the need for advice in the field of meteorological telecommunications by some Members in the south-eastern part of Region VI. It requested the Secretary-General to study the possibility of organizing short-term regional expert missions, in consultation with the president of the Asso­ciation, to assist Members in planning the GTS facilities ih their countries.

4.3.8 Re-establishment of the RA VI Working Group on Meteorological Telecom­munIcatIons----------------------------------------------~------------

4.3.8.1 The excellent work done by nicQtions was noted with appreciation. ing the GTS in Europe and to recommend ological telecommunications system, it on Meteorological Telecommvnications.

the Working Group on Meteorological Telecommu-Considering the necessity to continue develop­

improvements in operating the regional meteor­was decided to re-establish the Working Group Resolution 20 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.3.8.2 The Association requested its Working Group on Meteorological Telecommu~_ nications to pay particulai attention to:

4.4

(a) Formulating proposals for the improvement of the distribution of processed information to meet more fully Members' requirements;

(b) Formulating recommendations on re-routeing arrangements of obse~­vational data and processed information in case of outages of circuits and centres.

Aviation meteorology (Agenda item 4.4)

4.4.1 The Association was informed that the ICAO/COM/MET Divisional Meeting, held conjointly with CAeM-VII in April/May 1982, formulated a number of recommenda­tions on a World Area Forecast System (WAFS) based on a three-tiered structure, i.e. World Area Forecast Centres, Regional Area Forecast Centres and users. Within the WAFS, eight service. areas for the dissemination of area forecast products were defined,

GENERAL SUMMARY 17

which should be served by RAFCs. The Association noted that the conjoint session re­commended for adoption by rCAO the designation of the following centres located in Region VI: WAFC London, The Regional Area Forecast Centre Moscow, serving service dred I, dnd the Regional Area Forecast Centres Frankfurt, London and Paris, serving service area 7 (see Rec. 3.2/1 - World Area Forecast Centres and Regional Area Fore­cast Centres). It noted with satisfaction the information that the Members responsi­ble for the operation of the WAFC and RAFCs were ready to implement the functions at their centres in accordance with the provisions of the WAFS at short notice.

4.4.2 In this context the ICAO representative informed the Association that the Air Navigation Commission (ANC) , in its initial review, had decided to recommend to Council that it defers action on Recommendation 3.2/1 - World Area Forecast Centres and Regional Area Forecast Centres - of the conjoint CAeM-VII/COM/MET Divisional Meeting (Montreal, April/May 1982). The ANC had also proposed that it be requested to study further the technical and cost/benefit implications concerning the Regional Area Forecast Centres recommended by the conjoint CAeM-VII and COM/MET Divisional Meeting. Although a proposal to investigate the meteorological aspects in relation_ to the establishment of a jointly financed RAFC in Europe for service area 7 was consi­dered it was not pursued further.

4.4.3 The Association also discussed the need for the prOV1S10n of meteorological services tp international general aviation and recognized the great dependency of general aviation on weather. For the provision of meteorological information for general aviation operations a high resolution of meteorological observations is pre­requisite. Therefore, Members were invited to consider the possibility of maintaining observing networks of sufficient density and reporting those weather elements (e.g. cloud amounts and heights, visibility) which are operationally important to general aviation. Furthermore, the Association invited Members to arrange the bilateral exchange of meteorological data required t~ support international general aviation.

4.4.4 The need for specialized training of personnel engaged in aviation meteorology was stresse4 ~articularly as regards new methods for very short and short-term forecasting. This matter was discussed under agenda item 8.

4.5 , IGOSS and other ocean-related activities (Agenda

4.5.1

4.5.1.1 The Association noted with appreciation the report by Mr. J. Malicki (Poland), Rapporteur on a Co-ordinated Common System for the Designation of Marine Forecast Areas in the Baltic Sea. The rapporteur's proposals were approved in their entirety. The Association expressed its gratitude to the rapporteur and the experts from Member countries participating in- the elaboration of the proposals. Resolution 21 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.5.1.2 The Association noted with appreciation the report by Mr. W. D. Moens (Netherlands), Rapporteur on a Co-ordinated Common System for the Designation of Marine Forecast Areas in the North Sea. The proposed delineation of the forecast areas elaborated by the rapporteur, in collaboration with marine meteorologists of Members concerned, was adopted by the Association and it was felt that some further explanatory material for the North Sea (e.g. numbering system) needed to be worked out. Therefore, it invited its president to arrange, as a matter of urgency, with Mr. W. D. Moens for the completion of the explanatory material. In addition, the Association decided that the numbers identifying forecast areas in the North Sea and Baltic Sea when used for telecommunication purposes should be prefaced by the letters Nand B, respectively. Resolution 22 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

18 GENERAL SUMMARY

4.5.1.3 The IOC representative suggested that the feasibility of the introduction of a co-ordinated common system of Marine Forecast Areas in the Mediterranean Sea similar to the system in the Baltic Sea and the North Sea should be studied by the president of RA VI in consultation with the president of RA I. The Association em­powered the president of. RA VI, if an appropriate arrangement could be developed, to propose the establishment of a joint mechanism with RA I to prepare suitable proposals on this matter.

The Association noted the action taken by Members to meet their interna­tional and national responsibilities in respect of the provision of marine meteorolo­gical services, including the co-ordination of meteorological and navigational warn­ings. The delegation of Yugoslavia informed the Association of its efforts to establish a search-and-rescue service for the Adriatic Sea and provide the associated meteorological support through the Marine Meteorological Centre at Split. It was understood that Italy and Yugoslavia would co-ordinate meteorolQgical support activi­ties in respect of search-and-rescue operations in due course.

4.5.3

The Association noted that the radio-facsimile broadcasts, operated by Members of the Association and received by ships; provide valuable weather informa­tion to mariners. In order to facilitate the use of transmitted charts, the Asso­ciation felt that the units of wind speed plotted on the charts should be included in the legend of each facsimile chart. The Association also invited CMM to take this proposal into account in its consideration of standardizing the symbols used on radio­facsimile charts for mariners.

4.5.4

4.5.4.1 The Association stressed again that, for the preparation of the necessary services products in the form of warnings, analyses and forecasts, as well as for the basic input to numerical models, a steady influx of marine observational data was necessary. At its seventh session, the Association therefore had taken action to improve the marine data availability at some meteorological centres in Region VI. The positive results of this action which were revealed by the GTS monitoring since 1979 were noted with satisfaction. However, the Association was concerned about the continuing paucity of ships' weather reports from the Mediterranean Sea, particularly the Adriatic Sea. It decided that the Secretary-General, in consultation with Mem~ bers concerned, should carry out a detailed monitoring of the collection of ships' weather reports by coastal radio stations, transmission to the NMC and subsequent distribution on the ·GTS. The results of .this short detail~d monitoring should enable the reasons for the present deficiency to be identified.

4.5.4.2 The ICAO observer informed the Association of the views expressed by a working party of the Meteorological Advisory Group (METAG) concerning the need for additional observational data for the provision of meteorological services to heli­copter operations over the North Sea and adjacent sea areas. The Association in­vited its president to follow the developments in this area and make the necessary arrangements for action with WMO if this matter were formally referred by ICAO to WMO.

4.5.5 Use of INMARSAT and ARGOS

4.5.5.1 The Association was informed of the actions being taken on the use of INMARSAT for the collection and dissemination of meteorological information and noted that a joint WMO/INMARSAT consultative machinery had been set up. It agreed that

GENERAL SUMMARY 19

INMARSAT would offer a valuable additional ship-to-shore communication facility for the collection of ships' weather reports but that its introduction would require changes in the present procedures with respect to the exchange of ships' weather reports over ~he GTS to ensure their rapid reception by those Members responsible for providing marin~ met~orological services and may require the development of a scheme for sharing the cost for the reception of reports. It noted that one INMARSAT coast-earth station in Region VI is in operation at the present time, viz. Eik in Norway; three additional coast-earth stations are expected by the end of 1982 in Italy (Fucinol the U.S.S.R. (Odessa) and the United Kingdom (Goonhilly); another two are plannned to be operational in 1983~ in France (Pleumeur Bodou) and Greece (Thermopylae). The discussions between WMO, represented by CBS and CMM expert~,· and INMARSAT will continue in order to obtain favourable terms for the use of INMARSAT for the collection and distribution of weather information.

4.5.5.2 The use of the ARGOS system for the collection of meteorological data from marine platforms was considered. The Association was informed that a meeting on a general tariff agreement would be held in Geneva in November 1982 with the par­ticipation of potential users of ARGOS for the collection of marine meteorological ood other ocean data. The Association expressed the opinion that INMARSAT and the use of ARGOS 'complemented each other and requested the Secretary:General to carry. out a detailed study under the ISS on the continued use of both systems, including cost comparisons and to inform Members of the results.

4.5.6

The Association recalled that ut its previous session it adopted a reso­lution urging its Members to participate actively in the implementatiQn of IGOSS. It noted the level of participation by Members of RA VI in the implementation of IGOSS, namely eleven Members contributing to the BATHY/TESAC Programme and ten Members con­tributing to the IGOSS Data-processing and Services System. It further noted the EC-XXXIII decision inviting Members to contribute to the implementation of IGOSS through the co-ordinated recruitment of voluntary observing ships for IGOSS purposes, the extended use of drifting buoys and the expansion of existing marine meteorological services to include IGOSS-type services. The Association also recognized the impor­tance of IGOSS to WWW and for ocean-monitoring prograwmes in support of the imple­mentation of the World Climate Programme. It was of the opinion that IGOSS and WWW should be more closely co-ordinated and that efforts should be increased to achieve closer co-operation between national Meteorological Services and oceanographic orga­nizations/institutions for the co-ordination of IGOSS implementation. Resolution 23 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.6 Integrated WWW System Study (Agenda item 4.6)

4.6.1 General

4.6.1.1 The Association was informed by the Secretariat of the progress made in the Integrated WWW System Study (ISS) proposed by the seventh session of CBS (Washington, November 1978) and endorsed by Eighth Congress in 1979. It also noted that the Executive Committee at its thirty-second, thirty-third and thirty-fourth sessions considered several aspects of the ISS and gave valuable guidance to CBS, which was the main WMO body responsible for arranging and supervising the various activities initiated and carried out by Members, technical commissions and the Secre­tariat. The extraordinary session of CBS (Geneva, 1980) decided to carry out the ISS within the following six study areas:

(1) Optimized Observing System (including regional observing system experiments);

20 GENERAL SUMMARY

(2) Inter-relationship of data processing/data communications;

(3) Improvements of the GTS;

(4) Information exchange formats;

(5) Output products and user interface;

(6) Technology transfer.

4.6.1.2 On the basis of the guidance given by the extraordinary session of the CBS, (Geneva, 1980), a total of 49 individual studies' have been developed i.e.:

Study Area (1) •• 27

Study Area (2) •• 6

Study Area (3) •• 11

Study Area (4) •• 2

Study Area (5) •• 3

Study Area (6) No studies approved yet.

Members and technical commissions indicated their willingness to participate in carrying out or reviewing the results of individual ISS studies. A major contribu­tion to the ISS will be the results of the FGGE, in particular the Observing System Experiments co-ordinated by the JSC and carried out by its Working Group on Numerical Experimentation. A number of preliminary results of individual studies are now be­coming available, but they need to be evaluated and consolidated in such a form that definitive conclusions can be drawn by the WMO bodies considering the further develop­ment of the WWW.

4.6.2

4.6.2.1 The Association was informed that during the ISS activities it became apparent that the study may have to follow two main streams, namely:

(a) Scientific and technological studies to determine the suitability of new components and elements for incorporation into the WWW and the re­sulting contributions towards an improved and expanded future WWW;

(b) Overall policy and-strategy for the planning and implementation of the future WWW which would, in particular, involve consideration of the ability of Members to implement and operate key WWW facilities and services.

4.6.2.2 While the co-ordination and follow-up of the scientific and technological aspects (including the detailed planning of systems) are supervised and co-ordinated . by CBS, and approved by EC and later by Congress, the overall policy and strategy will be considered by the Executive Committee through a small group of high-level ex­perts who will meet from 6 to 10 December 1982 in Geneva.

4.6.2.3 The Association was informed of preliminary results of the ISS which in-dicate that the future WWW should be designed in such a way as also to permit full participation by Members which were not yet able to establish advanced facilities. Properly planned interfaces within the GTS and GDPS were considered feasible and these would allow access to the observational data and processed information by means of conventional data terminals. The development of such interfaces would allow all Mem­bers to reap the full benefits from the WWW as conceived in the WWW plan adopted by Congress. While supporting such developments the Association also supported the con­cept that the future WWW, incorporating the results of the ISS, should be implemented gradually,

GENERAL SUMMARY 21

4.6.2.4 The Association also supported the need for urgent progress in Study Area (5) - Output products and user interface. Having underlined the need for better methods of presenting weather information by the mass media it invited the president of CBS to ar~ange for the appropriate study as soon as possible. It requested CBS to give high priority to this area, since WWW will be expected to provide increased sup­port to other WMO programmes and other international programmes established jointly with other organizations.

4.6.2.5 The Association supported, in particular, the system's approach which would ensure proper integration of its various elements, such as the optimized GOS with data assimilation schemes operationally used by the WWW Centre, the data management arrange­ments for observational and processed information with the supporting telecommunica­tion and data-processing systems. It was hoped that, through careful planning, a cost­effective and reliable WWW could be designed to take into account the ability of all Members to implement and operate the future WWW. Finally, Members were requested to participate in the integrated system study to the fullest extent possible.

4.6.3 Guidelines on the conduct of the ISS

4.6.3.1 During the discussion of this item, the Association particularly stressed the fact that the Integrated WWW System Study should be completed or arrive at essen­tial conclusions at an early date to provide Members with sufficient guidance to take decisions on the WWW for the next ten years. It was hoped that some results of the ISS would be available by mid-1983. Apropos of this it was stressed that the WWW was the basic programme of the Organization on which most other WMO programmes depend. Therefore, the WWW should be strengthened to be able to play this role fully,

4.6.3.2 The Association particularly stressed the need to obtain the results of the ISS on Study Area (1) - Optimized observing system. Continuation of NAOS beyond 1985 and its possible replacement in the more distant future by new tested observing systems was one of the priority questions to which the ISS should provide an early answer j hopefully by May 1983.

4.6.3.3 The Association recognized that it was one of the main aims of the ISS to design a global observing system, composed of a surface-based and a fully opera­tional space-based system, providing a uniform data coverage for the entire globe. It was felt that for the planning, implementation and operation of such a global system new appropriate policies and implementation strategies would need to be devel­oped and that they would have to be acceptable to Members.

4.6.3.4 The Association was of the opinion that proposals for new systems, or upgrading of existing systems and facilities, should include cost/benefit studies for each of the major components or elements. This would enable the proposal and its financial implications to be more accurately assessed.

4.6.4

4.6.4.1 The Association discussed the need for a regional mechanism for CO-"

ordination of implementation and operation of the ~J, in particular as regards the introduction of new and expanded features having a regional impact (e.g. expanded WMC and RMC functions, operational meteorological satellite systems and advanced telecommunication technology). Consequently the establishment of a working group to deal with these matters was considered necessary. Resolution 24 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

4.6.4.2 The Association noted that the eighth session had established, under agenda item 4, a number of working groups and rapporteurs whose work was closely

22 GENERAL SUMMARY

inter-related. Therefore, it requested its president to co-ordinate the activities of all working groups and rapporteurs with a view to avoiding duplication and/or overlap. For this purpose the president may wish to elaborate appropriate guidelines, with the help of the Secretariat, for the inter-sessional work of the Association.

5.

5.1

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME - REGIONAL ASPECTS (Agenda item 5)

Atmospheric research, including radiation and atmospheric ozone (Agenda item 5.1)

5.1.1 The Association noted with interest the information on the development, both on a global and regional level, of the different research programmes concerning weather prediction research, weather modification, research aspects of atmospheric chemistry and air pollution.

5.1.2 The Association was satisfied with the highest priority given by the eighth session of the Commission for Atmospheric Sciences (CAS-VIII) to numerical weather prediction (NWP) research and which was supported by the thirty-fourth'session of t~e Executive Committee (EC-XXXIV).

5.1.3 The Association noted that a number of meteorological computer centres are working in Europe. It further noted that many Meteorological Services are actively concerned with the development of models for limited area weather prediction and that these activities are likely to increase considerably in the years to come, including a high number of research projects. In order to derive the maximum benefit from these activities, the Association felt that there was a need for a better exchange of infor­mation and experience in this field, especially in Europe. In particular, it was felt that numerical weather prediction models would be improved by research projects carried out at the national level. In this way the national weather services may finally achieve the optimal means to perform their daily weather prediction. On the above lines, the European countries may take the lead in a development which will benefit all Members ,of WMO.

5.1.4 The Association decided by Resolution 25 (VIII-RA VI) to appoint a Rap-porteur on Numerical Weather Prediction in Europe.

5.1.5 The Association noted that the NWP Data Study/Intercomparison Project initiated in 1979 had proceeded extremely well with the participation of 15 NWP Centres, ten of them from RA VI. Very interesting scientific results have been ob­tained concerning the verification of forecast errors on hemispheric and regional scales. The results obtained so far were summarized in a report published in the PWPR report series. The Association expressed its thanks to the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) for initiating the project and for undertaking the data-processing responsibility and to the ECMWF for providing the necessary computer facilities. The Association supported the recommendation of CAS-VIII that this project should continue beyond 1982 - a recommendation which was endorsed by EC-XXXIV. However, it was noted that the continuation of this project by the FMI would require some financial assis­tance. The Association requested the Secretary-General, therefore, to find all pos­sible ways and means (within the resources available in the WMO regular budget and those of the Members) to ensure the continuation of this project.

5.1.6 The Association noted with interest the action taken to develop a detailed implementation plan for the following four study projects in the short- and medium­range Weather Prediction Research which were approved by EC-XXXIV. In this connexion it was pleased to note that some Members had already generously offered their facili-

GENERAL SUMMARY 23

ties to serve as lead Activity Centres in the implementation of these study projects. The following are the four main areas of study (the names of Members are indicated for three of the study projects):

(a) Research on the application of high-resolution quantitative satellite data obtained from inter-active processing and retrieval methods for use in numerical weather prediction models (France);

(b) Limited area weather prediction modelling (Norway, Sweden and Yugoslavia);

(c) Statistical interpretation methods to translate model outputs into local weather forecasting (France);

(d) Feasibility studies for further development and implementation of very-short-range forecasting.

Members of the Association with suitable facilities were invited to consider the pos­sibility of serving as Activity Centres in these projects, particularly project (d) for which no offers have been made so far.

5.1.7 The Association noted with satisfaction the continued efforts made by the Secretariat to compile and publish an annual progress report on NWP research, the importance of which was especially stressed recently by EC-XXXIV. More than 15 Members in RA VI habitually contribute to this report. It was agreed that this was a very useful publication which could be of much benefit to national weather services about to initiate or develop numerical models.

5.1.8 The Association noted the approval by EC-XXXIV of a WMO co-sponsored Symposium on the Maintenance of the Quasi-stationary Components of the Flow in the Atmosphere and in Atmospheric Models to be held in Paris in 1983. It was hoped that Members would participate and that the proceedings of this symposium would be made available.

5.1.9 The Association agreed with the importance attached to further increased research into long-range-forecasting (LRF) (monthly and seasonal) methods with a view to achieve a significant level of skill by the end of the decade. In this connexion, the Association was satisfied with the action now being taken to hold a WMO-CAS/JSC Expert Study Meeting on LRF in Princeton, U.S.A., in December 1982, the main aim of which is to formulate proposals for a long-term LRF study programme.

5.1.10 The Association was informed of the development in the Precipitation Enhancement Project (PEP) in Spain and noted that further analysis was being done by scientists of the participating countries, although no field work was planned for 1983. Some Members expressed their concern about the decision that WMO should not proceed at this time with a randomized field experiment in Spain.

5.1.11 The Association encouraged Member countries to test the radar methods of detecting supercooled liquid water contents in stratiform and convective clouds as an important technological development in weather modification that was initiated during the PEP field work.

5.1.12 The Association noted with pleasure the successful Hail Suppression Con-ference hosted by the Bulgarian Hydrometeorological Service from 20 to 24 September 1982 in Sofia. More than 80 scientists from 13 countries presented papers and participated in discussions dealing with hail suppression. The Association noted the advancement

24 GENERAL SUMMARY

in measuring tools, hail models, evaluation methods and suppression techniques and urged further international co-operation in hail suppression operations and research. The Secretary-General was requested to facilitate further international co-operation in this field.

Radiation -----5.1.13 The Association noted with appreciation the report by the chairman of the Working Group on Radiation, Mr. R. Dogniaux (Belgium). It was pleased to note Mr. Dogniaux's contribution in the preparation of the "International atlas of sunshine duration and global radiation" published by the Royal Institute of Meteorology of Belgium.

5.1.14 The Association noted with interest the successful result of the regional comparison of national standard pyrheliometers which was held at the World Radiation Centre in Davos (Switzerland) in conjunction with the fifth International Pyrhelio­meter Comparison (IPC) from 29 September to 17 October 1980. It considered that com­parisons of national standard pyrheliometers should not be organized in future in conjunction with the IPC to avoid overcrowding of facilities.

5.1.15 Having recommended, therefore, that the next regional comparison of natio-nal standard pyrheliometers in Europe should be organized in 1984 the Association re­quested its president to take the necessary measures to implement this decision. In this connexion, the offer of France to host the regional comparison in Carpentras was gratefully accepted.

5.1.16 The IUGG representative indicated the high value of accurate radiation measurement for research and welcomed the radiation instrument intercomparison pro~­gramme as a step in improving the ground-based radiation network as often recommended by the scientific bodies concerned. The next step would be to provide the users with validated data sets of an optimized radiation measurement network on computer-compatible tapes. It would be extremely valuable if these data sets could also include related meteorological data such as cloud and turbidity information as well. Such data sets are needed for studies of the interdependence of clouds and radiation. They would supplement the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) as well as the newly proposed International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (rSLSCP) implemented within the framework of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). He emphasized that Europe was called upon to contribute to these high-priority projects.

5.1.17 The Association noted with interest the offer of Belgium to make available its calibration chamber to the Members of RA VI to assist them in the determination of the characteristics of radiometers (pyranometers, pyrradiometers) such as tests of linearity, angular response and lag time.

5.1.18 in 1983 meters and to

The Association also noted with interest the offer of Hungary to undertake during a period of six months a comparison of the national reference pyrano­

and electronic sunshine duration recorders which would be sent to Budapest prepare a report on the results.

5.1.19 The Association encouraged the interested Members of RA VI to benefit from the above-mentioned offers of Belgium and Hungary to increase the accuracy and compa­rability of solar radiation data to serve more efficiently the increasing requirements for the utilization of solar energy.

5.1.20 The delegate of Finland (Dr. S. Huovila), in his capacity as president of CIMO, informed the Association of the continuous interest of his Commission in high­quality comparisons of meteorological instruments and emphasized that such comparisons should be co-ordinated with CIMO to be recognized as WMO/CIMO instrument comparisons.

GENERAL SUMMARY 25

5.1.21 The Association decided to appoint by its Resolution 26 (VIII-RA VI) a Rapporteur on Radiation.

5.1.22 The Association noted with appreciation the report by the Rapporteur on Atmospheric Ozon~ Dr. C. D. Walshaw (United Kingdom~ and the report on the activities of the Regional Ozone Centre in Potsdam (German Democratic Republic).

5.1.23 The Association noted with interest the substantial efforts which were being made to improve the network of Dobson ozone spectrophotometers with a substan­tial contribution from NOAA and the Canadian Atmospheric Environment Service. It was pleasing to note the achievement attained, particularly with regard to: the up­grading of older instruments by the installation of modern electronics and other com­ponents, completing tests adjustment and calibration to ensure that each instrument is within specification and to the determination of the extra territorial constant using side-by-side intercomparison reinforced by standard lamp comparisons.

5.1.24 The Association noted that the monthly test measurements of Dobson spectro-photometers showed a stable behaviour of most but not all of these instruments. It therefore requested its Members to convey the results of the monthly routine test measurements made with the travelling standard lamps of the World Dobson Spectrophoto­meters Centre Laboratory (WDSCL) to the Regional Ozone Centre. It also requested that results should be reported promptly to the Ozone Centre which should be kept in­formed of all developments.

5.1.25 The Association was informed that in accordance with the qdvice of WDSCL the Regional Ozone Centre would be prepared to replace the regional reference Dobson spectrophotometer No. 71 by No. 64, the latter having a slower aging due to the special construction of the wedge.

5.1.26 The Association noted with interest the expansion of the network of ozone soundings in the Region.

5.1.27 In line with the rapporteur's proposals the Association agreed that acti-vities should continue with an active role for the Regional Ozone Centre in the further implementation of the WMO Ozone Project within the Region, with the following objec­tives:

(a) The work of upgrading the Dobson network should be continued.

(b) The establishment of the regional reference instrument should be finalized. Further adjustments to this instrument should be avoided.

(c) The system of monitoring the quality and continuity of observations of stations (which have been upgraded) should be developed. An appro­priate proposal will be made by the Regional Ozone Centre to those stations in the Region equipped with Dobson instruments.

(d) Results of regular standard lamp, mercury lamp and wedge tests, as well as results obtained with travelling standard lamps, should be scrutinized by the World Dobson Spectrophotometer Central Laboratory and circulated to interested parties upon request. The Regional Radia­tion Centre should be kept informed.

(e) Stations should be encouraged to take a more critical view of the quality and uninterrupted continuity of their own observations on

26 GENERAL SUMMARY

the basis of the "Operational handbook - Ozone observations with the Dobson spectrophotometers". Strong emphasis should be placed on measurements of the vertical ozone distribution by sondes and in particular by the Umkehr method.

5.1.28 The Association decided by its Resolution 27 (YIII-RA YI ) to appoint a Rapporteur on Atmospheric Ozone.

5.2 Investi ation of moisture trans ort in the atmos here OVer the Qontinent of Europe Agenda item 5.2)

5.2.1 The Association was informed that, because of lack of communication between the three rapporteurs appointed by Resolution 14 (YII-RA YI), no report had been pre~ pared with concrete project implementation proposals on the investigation of moisture transport in the atmosphere over the continent of Europe,

5.2.2 The Association was of the opinion that such an investigation incorporates many disciplines and is too vast to be dealt with satisfactorily on a regional level. It was also pointed out that this investigation should be based on a complete data set such as that of FGGE, possibly using one of the global climate models to calculate water vapour transport.

5.2.3 The Association considered that this project could benefit by being more accurately defined. For this reason, it would be advisable to refer the project to the Commission for Atmospheric Sciences (CAS) or to the WMO/ICSU Joint Scientific Committee (JSC). It was recalled, however, that at its seventh session (Manila, 1978) CAS expressed reservations concerning practical difficulties and requirements for resources in implementing such an extremely ambitious project.

5.2.4 The Association felt, therefore, that the project should be considered by the JSC, particularly because of its relation to the World Climate Research Pro­gramme (WCRP), with a view to examining the feasibility of developing a viable study project with the participation by Members interested in this subject.'

5.2.5 In this connexion, the JSC was invited to take into consideration the important study on "Methods for studying water circulation in the atmosphere and water circulation characteristics above Europe" prepared by Prof. O. A. Drozdov of the State Hydrological Institute, Leningrad (U.S.S.R.). It noted that this report would be. distributed to all Members.

5.3 The Global Atmospheric Research Programme, including ALPEX (Agenda . item 5.3)

5.3.1 The Association reviewed the extensive range of activities which had taken place within the Global Atmospheric Research Programme since its seventh session, in­cluding the successful field phases of the First GARP Global Experiment (FGGE). It no.ted with special interest the successful implementation of the field phase of the GARP Mountain Experiment (ALPEX), the last of the operational GARP experiments, cen­tred in the Region itself.

5.3.2 As regards the FGGE, the Association noted the major efforts which had been made in all parts of the world to make available and to collect extra meteorol~~ gical data during the FGGE operational year (1 December 1978 to November 1979). Fol­lowing the observational phase of the FGGE, much work had been devoted to data manage­ment aspects and most of the planned FGGE data sets had now been assembled and archi­ved at the World Data Centres. The Association expressed its satisfaction at the

-I

GENERAL SUMMARY· 27

availability of such a unique data set which would form the basis for research for many years to come. It was also noted that several services within the Region had played a major part in both the FGGE observational phase and data management scheme, thus contributing to the success of the experiment.

5.3.3 The Association was informed of the research carried out so far making special use of FGGE data. The importance of the series of observing systems experi­ments was stressed as the results obtained would have significant implications for the future development of the WWW system. Although some interesting preliminary results have already been obtained the need for much further work in this area is evident, particularly regarding the relation of the "best-mix" of observing systems with cost-effectiveness. Although recognizing the resources required, the Associa­tion urged Members to continue to devote efforts to observing systems experiments, not only for themselves, but as part of a coherent strategy for developing and improving techniques for operational analyses. Only in this way could the best possible advice be given concerning the development of the global observing system.

5.3.4 The Association noted with interest that a major international conference on the results of the FGGE and its regional components would take place in 1984 or early 1985. The conference would be of extended scope, the first part reviewing the scientific and technical results and the second part taking account of these results in influencing the structure of the new World Weather Watch and suggesting priorities for its improvement. The Association expressed its desire that this conference should be held at the earliest possible date and certainly not later than 1985.

5.3.5 The Association was pleased to hear of the successful implementation of the Special Observing Period of the GARP Mountain Experiment (ALPEX) which had taken place in March and April 1982. Most of the required components of the planned obser­ving systems had been forthcoming from the 20 participating countries and internation­al agencies and had functioned well during the Special Observing Period. A variety of interesting meteorological situations had occurred and a large amount of important new scientific data had been gathered. Already, a new perspective had been obtained regarding the behaviour of air masses flowing towards mountain ranges and this would surely lead to increased understanding of how the effects of mountains should be treated in numerical models.

5.3.6 The Association congratulated the participating countries and organizations on the success of ALPEX and the fruitful co-operation that had been achieved. The Association expressed particular thanks and appreciation to the Swiss authorities for providing the excellent facilities for this experiment which had contributed largely to its success.

5.3.7 As regards the ALPEX Data Management, the Association was informed that at recent meetings in Geneva (September/October 1982) the ALPEX Working Group and the International ALPEX Panel expressed their concern about the delay in the delivery of the national ALPEX data from the participating countries to the International ALPEX Data Centre (IADC) hosted by the ECMWF at Reading (U.K.) and to the Special ALPEX Data Centres (SADCs). This was confirmed by delegations of Members operating these centres. It was pointed out that this potential critical problem could result in a degradation of the final ALPEX Data Set.

5.3.8 The Association shared that concern, particularly as the lifetine of the IADC has been based on an established schedule for the reception of national ALPEX data and no resources are available to extend it. The Association, therefore, urged its Members participating in ALPEX:

28 GENERAL SUMMARY

Ca) To send their ALPEX data to lADe as soon as possible but not later than 1 November 1982;

(b) To send their ALPEXdata to the SADCs as soon as possible;

(c) To make certain that all national data are formatted correctly and carefully checked for quality before being sent to ALPEX Data Centres.

5.3.9 Due to the urgency of this matter the delegations of ALPEX countries were requested to ensure that prompt action be taken for the timely delivery .of data,.

6.

6.1

METEOROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS AND ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME - REGIONAL ASPECTS (Agenda item 6)

Agricultural meteorology, including regional aspects of the WMO Agricul­ture and Desertification Programme (Agenda item 6.1)

6.1.1 Having noted with appreciation the report by the chairman of the Working Group on Agric.ultural Meteorology, Mr. J. Hrbek (Czechoslovakia), the Asscciation endorsed his action of concentrating on a selection of the working group's'terms of references. The group dealt in particular with the agrometeorological aspects of crop protection together with the adaptation of meteorological data for agrometeoro­logical purposes in the Region. These matters and the agrometeorology of some parti~ cular crops could be studied successfully during the inter-session period of the Asso­ciation.

6.1.2 The Association noted with satisfaction that, as a result of the proposal by the chairman of the working group, a symposium on Meteorology and Plant Protection was held in Geneva (WMO Headquarters) from 8 to 10 March 1982 and was organized by the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) in co-operation with WMO. Although especially intended for participants from the Mediterranean re­gion the symposium was attended by about 200 participants from all parts of the world. It provided an excellent forum to demonstrate (particularly to agronomists) the im­portance of meteorological services for plant protection, especially for an integral crop protection, and also highlighted the need for close collaboration between mete­orologists and agriculturists. The results of the symposium are being published by EPPO and will be incorporated in the Climate Applications Referral System (CARS) of the World Climate Applications Programme.

6.1.3 On the basis of the conclusions of the symposium, the Association empha-sized the following, general requirements for the development of agrometeorology in the Region:

(a) The need for an interdisciplinary approach to research in this field, and control measures for its practical application;

(b) The need to define the agrometeorological requirements for the growth and development of crop plants and their pests (in the wide sense), and for the successful application of control measures;

(c) The need for specification by meteorologists of constraints on the collection and dissemination of relevant meteorological data;

(d) The need for free exchange of information, at national or interna­tional level, between pest specialists (agricultural zoologists, plant pathologists, weed scientists, etc.), agronamists, agrometeor­ologists, soil scientists and statisticians;

GENERAL SUMMARY 29

(e) The need for continued co-operation between WMO, EPPD, FAD, the International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) and other international or regional organization~, particularly for the benefit of developing countries in other parts of the world.

6.1.4 In order to ensure the effective practical appli~tion of these require-ments the following measures are recommended by the Association as guidelines for its Members:

(a) Establishment of systems for the operational application of research;

(b) Provision of short- and medium-term meteorological forecasts well adapted to users' needs;

(c) Use of currently available meteorological information obtained with simply operated reliable equipment, requiring a minimum of mainten­ance;

(d) Maximum utilization of existing information, and strengthening of biological and meteorological data collection systems to include the collection of new relevant information;

(e) Establishment of efficient systems for the collection, dissemination and utilization of the information concerned, in particular by auto­mation and by use of computerized data collection, processing and transmission systems;

(f) Establishment of pest risk forecasting models whicn are simple and accesible to users; stimulation of growers' awareness of these systems and instruction in their use;

(g) Establishment of the cost benefits to be obtained from the applica­tion of pest risk forecasting systems, with particular reference to the cost of chemical treatment, the optimization of yield, and possible effects on the environment.

6.1.5 The Association recommended that the Organization should continue its co-operation with the European and Mediterranean Plant Protectio~ Organization to formulate operational methods for plant protection and to help the other regions to achieve similar objectives.

6.1.6 It was noted with interest that a survey carried out by the working group among the Members of RA VI revealed that most of them have a satisfactory agrometeorological services system adapted to the national conditions. The survey showed that further a'grometeorological research was required to provide more reliable agrometeorological information to the large user community in the field of crop pro­tection - particularly on major hazards such as hail, drought, floods, fog, strong winds, warnings for fruit culture, animal husbandry and forest fireso

6.1 0 7 The Association was informed that the Members of the developing countries in the Region need more support from the Organization to further their agrometeoro­logical services due to the increasing requirements of the users. Particular mention was made of the urgent requirements for training agrometeorological personnel and for experts' advice on the organization of agrometeorological services. In this context it was pointed out by some delegations that the activities of the national Meteorolo­gical Services in the application of meteorology to agriculture were becoming the

30 GENERAL SUMMARY

"raison d'etre" of these Services and the main justification to obtain the support from their governments who were giving the highest priority in their national poli­cies to agriculture and food production.

6.1.8 The representative of the Arab Centre for the Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands (ACSAD) informed the Association of the activities of this centre to assist the Arab countries in the Region to develop their agriculture resourceso ACSAD is attaching great importance to training activities in the different fields of agri ... culture, including agrometeorology. (For example, the centre organized an agrometeor­ological workshop in 1979 and a training seminar on agrometeorology for arid zones in 1982 in which WMO participated.) He also mentioned that arrangements were being made to organize further seminars in the fields of climatology and agrometeorology and expressed the hope that WMO would co-operate in these training activities for the overall interest of their common Member countries.

6.1.9 To assist in meeting the requirements of its Members from the developing countries, the Association agreed on the following:

(a) To support the continuation of providing short- and medium-term missions to developing countries, as necessary, under the WMO Agricultural and Desertification Programme;

(b) To urge its Members, with the necessary training facilities, to organize specialized training courses in-agrometeorology, or to extend existing courses, to assist the developing countries in the Region;

(c) To request the Secretary-General to promote co-operation with regional institutions such as ACSAD especially for the implemen­tation of the WMO programme to combat desertification and to pro­mote the use of agrometeorology in semi-arid countries.

6.1010 The Association noted with appreciation that two training courses in the use of remote sensing in agrometeorology had been organized in co-operation with FAO and it was suggested that further courses on the use of remote sensing in specific aspects of agrometeorology should be organized in the coming years.

6.1.11 The Association noted the decision of the Executive Committee to held-a Symposium/Workshop on Crop Weather Models in 1983 and the offer by the government of the Netherlands to consider hosting this workshopo It felt that this was a most appropriate initiative and.expressed its fullest support for it.

6.1.12 The Association was informed of some of the training courses in agromete-orology conducted by the Members.

6.1.13 It was also informed that a portable automatic weather station for moni-toring conditions within crops and which displayed a simple indication of the risk: of particular plant diseases had been developed by the United Kingdom and was in operational use.

6.1.14 In reply to a request by the Executive Committee that regional associa-tions should make known their requirements to the president of CAgM to be taken into account in the work of the Commission (EC-XXXIII, general summary, paragraph 4.1.8), the Association agreed that its major requirements for the inter-session period would be Agrometeorological Aspects of Crop Protection, a special study of the agrometeor­ology of the potato crop, as well as specialized training in agrometeorology.The president was requested to inform the president of CAgM of these requirements to be taken into consideration at the eighth session of CAgM to be held in Geneva from 21 February to 4 March 1983.

GENERAL SUMMARY 31

6.1.15 The Association decided to re-establish its Working Group on Agricultural Meteorology with specific terms of reference which could be effectively studied during the inter-session period and adopted Resolution 28 (VIII-RA VI) accordingly. In this connexion the Association stressed the recommendation by the chairman of the working group that the nominated members of the working group should be experts in the field of studies assigned to it and readily available to participate actively in its activi­ties.

6.1.16 The Association agreed with the proposal by the chairman of the working group that good co-ordination should be established between CAgM working groups and regional working groups on agricultural meteorology. The Association requested its president to submit this proposal to the president of CAgM for consideration at the eighth session of the Commission.

6.2 Climatology and applications of meteorology, including regional aspects of the WMO Plan of Action in the field of energy problems (Agenda item 6.2)

6.2.1 The Association noted with appreciation the report by the Rapporteur on Climatic Atlases, Professor H. Schirmer (Federal Republic of Germany) and expressed its satisfaction with the work accomplished in reaching a workable solution for the preparation of the Atlas, particularly as regards the preparation of the maps of sunshine duration for the second set of climatic maps.

6.2.2 The Association approved the outline for the explanatory text regarding the first volume of the Climatic Atlas for Europe as given in Annex II to this report, which was prepared by the rapporteur in consultation with the Members.

6.2.3 Details were given concerning the difficulties encountered in the pre­paration of sunshine duration maps for the second set of climatic maps for Europe. The Association noted that, at its eighth session, CCAM had agreed that both types of actual and relative sunshine duration could be regarded as intermediate steps in the preparation of maps of solar radiation and had considered that each regional association should decide what maps are to be included in its regional climatic atlas. It also approved the definition of "astronomic sunshine duration" and "relative sun­shine duration" as proposed by the RA VI Rapporteur on Climatic Atlases (CCAM-VIII, general summary, paragraph 12.7). .

6.2.4 It was agreed that the Members should pre~are relative sunshine duration maps for inclusion in the second set of climatic maps for Europe using the guidance material prepared by the rapporteur and distributed by WMO circular letter no. 3474 dated 10 September 1982.

6.2.5 The Association approved the list of maps proposed by the rapporteur to be included in the third set of climatic maps of Europe as given in Annex III to this report. In this connexion it was agreed that the maps of mean air pressure would be included in the second set of climatic maps.

6.2.6 The Association expressed its gratitude to the Hungarian Meteorological Service for its commendable co~operation in preparing the sets of climatic maps for Europe.

6.2.7 The Association decided by Resolution 29 to re-appoint a Rapporteur on Climatic Atlases. In doing this, it stressed that as other groups were also invited to prepare maps for special purposes the rapporteur should consult with them to achieve maximum efficiency.

32 GENERAL SUMMARY

6.2.8 The Association expressed its appreciation to the Federal Republic of Germany for its commendable efforts in acting as a co-ordination centre for collecting and processing data from the Members of the Region for inclusion in the World Weather Records, 1961-1970.

6.2.9. The offer by the Federal Republic of Germany to continue this activity for the period 1971-1980 was gratefully accepted. The Association approved the in­structions for the preparation of such data as given in Annex IV to this report. Members were requested to prepare the data in conformity with thes~ instructions, using magnetic tapes, whenever possible, which will be returned after use by the co­ordination centre.

6.2.10 The Polish delegation drew the Association's attention to the increasing demand for the exploration of the climatic conditions of relatively small sea basin areas, such as the Baltic Sea area. It was pointed out that, due to the expansion of industry, intensification of shipping and off-shore activities and expansion of nu­clear power plants, descriptions of comprehensive climatic characteristics and small sea basin areas are an essential aid in conducting economic activities in a way not to affect the stability of the natural environment.

6.2.11 As a pilot study in this field, the Association decided by Resolution 30 (VIII-RA VI) to appoint a Rapportuer on the Climate of the Baltic Sea. On the basis of the rapporteur's report to the ninth session, the Association will consider its further activities in this field.

6.2.12 The Association noted with appreciation the report by the Rapporteur on Applications of Meteorology to Energy Problems, Dr. J. Kolbig (German 'Democratic Republic). This report was considered to be of paramount importance not only for the Members of RA VI but for all Members of the Organization. It was recommended to the Secretary-General that he circulate this report to all Members of WMO after it has been re-edited by the rapporteur.

6.2.13 The Association agreed with the rapporteur's proposals that.the follo~ing additional steps were considered necessary in order to promote the applications of meteorology to the developm~nt and utilization of new and renewable resources of energy as envisaged by the.Nairobi Plan of Action:

(a) To prepare surveys of meteorological information for special utiliza­tion, such as:

(i) Energy production (thermal plants, hydroelectric power stations and nuclear power plants)j

(ii) Utilization of renewable energy sources (wind and solar radia­tion, etc.)j

(iii) Energy transport (electric power transmission networks, pipe­lines, ship transport of coal, liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons, land~based transport of fuel);

(iv) Energy consumption and conservation (energy demand caused by and dependent on meteorological processes, climate and weather-

/

/

GENERAL SUMMARY

related building design and construction and the planning of human settlements);

(Some drafts of the above surveys are given in Annex V.)

33

(b) To develop schemes for catalogues of meteorological assessments (cli­matological statistics) needed in applications and available in the various national climatological data reference books or climatic maps for applied purposes;

(c) The standardization of t€rminology;

(d) Specialized weather forecasts for the planning of construction and operation activities are needed:

(i) To reduce delay of or interference with work in progress due to adverse weather;

(ii) To have advance notice of unfavourable· weather conditions to allow vulnerable types of work to proceed;

(iii) To enable precautions to be taken against damage due to extreme weather events;

(iv) To assist in the control of energy, so that its use is optimized while maintaining comfortable interior conditions or the regu­larity of production processes.

6.2.14 The Association decided by Resolution 31 (VIII-RA VI) to re-appoint a Rappor-teur on Applications of Meteorology to Energy Problems to continue the work in this field and to co-operate with CCAM rapporteurs in examining the possibilities of devel­oping further the issues mentioned in the previous paragraph.

6.3 Environmental pollution (Agenda item 6.3)

6.3.1 The Association confirmed the particular interest and importance it attached to environmental issues. The major areas include in particular the operation and further implementation of the WMO Background Air Pollution Monitoring Network (BAPMoN); long-range transport and deposition of air pollution across national boundaries and its impact on physical and chemical attributes of the atmosphere and ecosystems (in­cluding the regional seas) and research in atmospheric chemistry matters and disper­sion of pollutants in the mesoscale.

6.3.2 The Association reviewed the present situation of the Background Air Pollu-tion Monitoring Network in the Region. It was noted that:

(a) Two mountain regional stations with extended programmes had been established at Jungfraujoch (Switzerland) at 3573 m and in Wank (Federal Republic of Germany) at 1780 m;

(b) The Federal Republic of Germany and Spai~ had agreed to establish a mountain station at Tenerife (Canary Islands) which is expected to start operation in 1982;

(c) It is planned that a mountain regional station will be established at Sonnblick (Austria) at 3150 m;

34 GENERAL SUMMARY

(d) The regional station at Ankara Camkoru (Turkey) has been in operation since 1 August 1982.

6.3.3 The Association stressed the important aspect of improved quality assur­anceand data-handling procedures in SAMPoN, particularly as regards quality control of sampling4 calibration and analysis procedures. To this end it'urgedits Members operating SAMPoN stations:

(a) To participate in the intercalibration exercises carried out regularly and in other quality assurance efforts;

(b) To report data completely and on time; laboratories which carry out analyses for other countries should report promptly the results of the analyses even when some data are subject ta possible late correc­tion; this is in line with the practice adopted with regard to CO2 data. '

6.3.4 ' Furthermore, it was proposed by the Italian delegation that the Association should consider the following measures:

(a) Designation of a regional centre for calibration and to provide reference samples of CO in N2 and CO2 in air within the framework of the carbon dioxide moni¥oring programme;

(b) Designation of a regional centre to take care of intercalibration of sun-photometers used in the turbidity network;

(c) Designation of a regional centre to provide assistance and scientific advice for developing and improving chemical analysis methodology;

(d) Establishment of regional procedures to ensure a quicker circulation of SAPMoN data within the Region.

The Association agreed to refer these proposals to the Secretary-General for further study in consultation with its president.

6.3.5 The Association noted with appreciation that the training courses in English and French on background air pollution measurement, organized by the Meteorolo­gical Service of Hungary, with support from UNEP, were continuing satisfactorily. The existence of this facility is contributing to the quality of observations and has been ver-y much appreciated by Members from other regions, particularly from the developing countries.

6.3.6 The Association noted with satisfaction that EC-XXXIV had encouraged the continued active participation of WMO in the ECE/UNEP/WMO Co-operative Programme on the Long-range Transmission of Air Pollutants in Europe (EMEP), the second phase of which started on 1 January 1981.

6.3.7 It was noted with interest that an expert meeting on the assessment of the meteorological aspects of the first phase of EMEP (1978-1980) which was held in " Shin field Park, U.K. (March/April 1981) stated that the progress and work achieved by the two Meteorological Synthesizing Centres (MSC-East, Moscow and MSC-West, Oslo) had been of a very high standard. Gratitude was expressed to the Norwegian Meteorological Institute and to the Institute of Applied Geophysics of the U.S.S.R. State Committee for Hydrometeorology and Control of the 'Nqtural Environment for the successful opera­tion of the two centres and it was felt that every possible support should be given to ensure the effective continuation of these centres.

GENERAL SUMMARY 35

6.3.8 Members were invited to provide the MSCs with available information on research and experimental work ~n LRT problems carried out in their countries, parti­cularly those dealing with numerical LRT models.

6.3.9 The Association endorsed the proposal by the expert meeting referred to in paragraph 6.3.7 above to establish additional monitoring stations within the European area, in particular in countries east of 120 longitude in Central Europe and on islands or suitable platforms in the North Sea and in the Baltic, provided that representative samples can be obtained. It also noted the proposal by the meeting that monthly samplings should be replaced by daily or event samplings.

6.3.10 The Association noted with satisfaction the good collaboration between its own experts on long-range transport as well as between the RA VI experts and their colleagues in the U.S.A. and Canada.

6.3.11 The Association noted with great concern that UNEP was going to cut its financial support to EMEP after the end of 1983 when the present phase comes to an end.

6.3.12 In this context the UNEP representative explained UNEP's policy towards } programmes such as th~ BAPMoN and EMEP. He explained first of all that the overall

UN Environment Programme is supported by a fund and co-ordinated by a small Secreta­riat in Nairobi. International environment projects are usually operated by the UN specialized agencies, in the EMEP case, WMO and ECE, with the support of the Environ­ment Fund. UNEP is not supposed to support international projects continuously but should rather provide the initial finance and playa catalytic role in getting impor­tant projects off the ground. As far as BAPMoN is concerned, the UNEP Secretariat feels that it has some responsibility to continue to give support as long as all the global aims are not reached. The situation with EMEP is different. As a regional project it should be considered within the context of the Global Environment Monitor­ing System (GEMS) as a pilot investigation the experience of which may be applied in other parts of the globe. Hence, it is felt that UNEP has now fulfilled its cataly­tic role on this pilot study and it is therefore not likely, with the present policy of UNEP, that support would be forthcoming for this project after the end of the present phase. The UNEP representative stressed his organization's great interest in the continuation of this project and expressed the hope that support for its continu­ation would become available through the Trust Fund which has been recently established under the UN for support to the project. He urged the directors of national Meteorolo­gical Services to encourage the environmental authorities in their countries to provide support to the project through this Trust Fund.

6.3.13 The Association noted with regret the explanations of the UNEP policy given by the UNEP representative and agreed that Member~ particularly those represented on the UNEP Governing Council, should be urged to approach UNEP to continue its financial support to EMEP so that the present organization of the operations would not be in jeopardy. It also requested the Secretary-General to take appropriate actions.

6.4.14 Members were urged to contribute to the existing Trust Fund established by ECE in order to ensure the continued operation .of EMEP beyond 1983.'

6.3.15 The Association noted with appreciation that two WMO co-sponsored symposia on integrated monitoring were held in Riga (U.S.S.R.) in December 1979 and in Tbilisi (U.S.S.R.) in October 1981. At the Tbilisi symposium it was noted that in a number of countries national programmes were already being operated using an integrated approach to background monitoring.

36

6.3.16 ties by:

GENERAL SUMMARY

Members were invited to participate in the integrated monitoring activi-

(a) Carrying out, at suitable BAPMoN stations - in accordance with the existing resolution of the Executive Committee -, the monitoring of pollutants in media other than air, in partic~lar soil and inland waters;

(b) Making use of weather ships for the sampling of air and water for sub­sequent chemical analysis. (The Association, however, noted that all sampling and analysis problems have not been solved.)

6.3.17 It was noted with interest that a UNEP/Unesco/WMO Pilot Project on Inte-grated Global Monitoring was, at the suggestion of the U.S.S.R., to be carried out in Eastern Europe, Eastern North America, temperate South America and in other regions and that formal approval by UNEP was expected to be given at the end of 1982.

6.3.18 The Association noted that EC-XXXIV had suggested that WMO should co-sponsor the project prepared by IOC on Baseline Determinations and Spatio-temporal Variations of Selected Pollutants in the Atlantic Ocean, provided that UNEP would support it.

6.3.19 The Association considered that there is a need for increasing activities to monitor pollution over regional seas in Europe and it therefore invited the Members concerned:

(a) To make computational procedures available to assess the transport and deposition of pollutants through the atmosphere to regional seas;

(b) To make available emission (air) inventories for substances relevant to the pollution of regional seas (heavy metals, organo-chlorines, etc.);

(c) To establish BAPMoN stations around regional seas and on small islands to help verify computational models and supplement information on emissions.

6.3.20 The Association noted with satisfaction the symposium on ocean monitoring with the support of WMO, UN~P and IOC, to be held in Tallin (U.S.S.R.) in October 1983, at which geophysical problems will be examined. Problems of air and ocean pollution as well as ecologic~l aspects of pollution in the media will be investigated.

7. HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES PROGRAMME - REGIONAL ASPECTS (Agenda item 7)

7.1 The Association noted with appreciation the report by Mr. F. Bultot (Belgium), chairman of the Working Group on Hydrology. It expressed its satisfaction that the working group had completed the tasks assigned to it and that these had resulted in reports of a high standard, including the ones on:

Special requirements of a hydrological network for water management;

Operational hydrological forecasting systems in Europe;

Cost/benefit study of low-flow forecasting for navigational purposes

-I

GENERAL SUMMARY 37

in the River Rhine (in co-operation with the International Commission for the Hydrology of the Rhine Basin);

Systematic and random errors in point precipitation measurement (included in Operational Hydrology Report No. 21, WMO-No. 589).

In addition detailed specifications had been prepared for a project on the intercom­parison of methods used by Members for estimation of lake evaporation. The Associa­tion also noted that a survey had been completed on networks of hydrological obser­ving stations by river basins and it looked forward to receiving the results.

7.2 by the should

The Association fully endorsed the future programme which was prepared working group a~d considered it to be of recognized regional interest and thus stimulate active participation by many Members of the Region.

7.3 The Association agreed with the view of the working group that operational exchange of areal precipitation data on certain international river basins should preferably be undertaken on the basis of bilateral or multilateral arrangements between the Members concerned.

7.4 The representative of the International Commission for the Hydrology of the Rhine Basin informed the Association of the interest of his Commission in WMO activities in the field of operational hydrology and of the collaboration between the two organizations. He mentioned especially the collaboration with the RA VI Working Group on Hydrology.

7.5 The Association was informed of the activities related to the implementa­tion of the HydrologicQl Operational Multipurpose Sub~programme (HOMS) which forms an integral part of the ~~O Operational Hydrological Programme. It noted that HOMS National Reference Centres (HNRCs) had been established in 24 countries of the Region and that these centres generated a large prop9rtioP of the HOMS components and were very active in the transfer of HOMS components between Members.

7.6 The Association supported the proposed regional project to develop and apply HOMS components in south-eastern Europe and for which UNDP financial assistance had been sought.

7.7 With regard to a proposal for the amendment of the General Regulations concerning regional hydrological advisers, the Association noted that the matter was to come before Ninth Congress. Noting further that present arrangements were operating satisfactorily in the Association, it was agreed that further action should await the decision of Congress on the matter.

7.B The Association decided to re-establish by Resolution 32 (VIII-RA VI) the Working Group on Hydrology. The working group was requested to continue to co-ordinate its activities with those of the Commission for Hydrology.

8. EDUCATION AND TRAINING PROGRAMME - REGIONAL ASPECTS (Agenda item 8)

8.1 The Association considered and discussed in detail the documents submitted under this item which was included for the first time in the agenda of a session of the Association. The discussion revealed that Members continued to contribute effec­tively to the education and training activities of the Organization. A number of scientists from various Members of the Region had been engaged in these activities, including the preparation and editing of training publications and the preparation of training materials (audio-visual aids), the presentation of lectures at seminars and

38 GENERAL SUMMARY

the undertaking of teaching and training assignments at national and regional training centres in developing countries. An increasing number of training fellowships had been made available by a number of Members in the Region under the \~O Voluntary Co­operation Programme (VCP), funds-in-trust (FIT) and bilateral arrangements. Some Members from the Region had also benefited from the awards of these fellowships.

8.2 The Association felt that education and training should continue to be a subject of high priority since the scientific and technical programmes of the Organi­zation could not be fully implemented in RA VI if its less developed Members were handicapped in their manpower development efforts due to requirements in education and training that could not be met from their respective national resources.

8.3 The Association was of the opinion that particular attention be given by Members of the Region and by the Organization to the following training requirements:

(a) Specialized training in different fields of activities of national Meteorological and Hydrological Services, especially in the developing countries of the Region;

(b) In-service training for existing staff in order to keep them abreast of the latest developments in meteorology and its applications and operational hydrology, and thereby raising their standards to the required levels for effective participation in the various WMO pro­grammes;

(c) Adequately equipping the national training centres within the Region with suitable and more up-to-date training materials;

(d) The necessity for ensuring that information on training courses, semi­nars, etc. was given the widest possible circulation.

8.4 The Association considered ways and means of meeting these requirements, taking into consideration the existing training facilities in the Region and the experience gained by the Members as well as the needs of in~ividual Members.

8.5 The Association noted with satisfaction that the existing national train-ing institutions within the Region contributed significantly to the training of meteor~ ological and operational hydrological personnel and that they met, to a large extent, the requirements of Members·concerned, particularly for the basic training of the different classes of meteorological and operational hydrological personnel, and to a certain extent for specialized training. At the same time it was noted that there were in existence national institutions in the less developed countries where special­ized training was required in particular fields for which there was no national exper­tise.

8.6 In this connexion the Association supported the recommendation of EC-XXXIV concerning the use of visiting scientists and roving expexts for organizing and con­ducting training activities in developing countries. The more developed Member coun­tries of the Region were urged to consider possibilities of assisting training insti­tutions in the developing countries by making available the scientists and experts concerned.

8.7 The Association's attention was drawn to the fact that, unlike all the other regions, RA VI did not have a Regional Meteorological Training Centre. It was

GENERAL SUMMARY 39

agreed that such a centre would help to alleviate the problems of specialized training of personnel especially from developing countries.

8.8 The Association studied a document submitted by Italy for the recognition of the International School of Meteorology of the Mediterranean as a WMO Regional Training Centre in RA VI. The Association warmly supported this proposal and requested the Secretary-General to take the appropriate measures for its recognition as a WMO Regional Meteorological Training Centre in accordance with the criteria laid down by the Executive Committee for this purpose (paragraph 8.3.4 of the general summary of the abridged report of EC-XXXIV).

8.9 The Association was informed that since its seventh session 60 fellowships had been awarded to personnel from Member countries in RA VI. It recognized the in­creasing needs for fellowships to assist its Members, and especially those from devel­oping countries.

8.10 The Association noted that some Members could not benefit from the training courses or fellowships offered by donors becasue of stringent language requirements. To assist in alleviating these difficulties, the Association invited its Members to consider increasing fellowships support (VCP, bilateral) by including provisions for initial language studies.

8.11 As regards the financing of these fellowships, the Association wished to express its gratitude to UNDP, WMO and donor countries for their commendable efforts in providing the necessary resources for the awarding of fellowships under UNDP, the WMO Regular Budget, VCP and FIT. The growing importance of these fellowship resources cannot be over-emphasized and hopes were expressed that increased allocations under them would be provided during the ninth financial period.

8.12 The Association was informed that since its seventh session a number of .training seminars, conferences, workshops and courses of interest to RA VI Members had been held. The opinion was expressed that such events were the most economic and efficient forums for making available to participants the advanced knowledge and latest techniques used in meteorology and operational hydrology. Moreover, the Association stressed that in some cases the developing Members in the Region had special training requirements which could be met from assistance within the Region or through WMO in a similar way as for the other WMO regional associations.

8.13 Apropos of this, the·Association expressed its requirements for the orga-nization of regional training seminars in the field of meteorological telecommuni­cations, particularly the WMO telecommunication procedures, weather radar, meteorolo­gical satellites and last but not least agrometeorology. It was pointed out that the "roving seminar" type was not only the most appropriate to serve the limited number of developing countries of the Region but also more effective and less costly.

8.14 The Association was pleased to note the Organization's efforts for the preparaT10n and translation of training publications, the production of slides and other audio-visual aids widely used by its Members. The activities aimed at strength­ening the WMO training library for improving its holdings in order effectively to . strengthen its role in advising Members on availability of training materials were also welcomed.

40 GENERAL SUMMARY

8.15 Members of the Region were invited to continue assisting the WMO Secre-tariat in:

(a) Preparation, editing and translation of training publications;

(b) Contributing modern textbooks, instructional films, slides and other related audio-visual training aids to the WMO training library.

8.16 In order to supplement existing stocks of training material in the national libraries of Meteorological Services with suitable and more up-to-date material un­available from national sources the Association suggested that the system of inter­country exchange-of such material should be employed or, where it already exists, it should be expanded.

9. WORLD CLIMATE PROGRAMME - REGIONAL ASPECTS (Agenda item 9)

9.1 General

9.1.1 The Association noted that the WCP, established in 1979 by Cg-VIII, com­prises four separate but inter-related components, namely the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP), the World Climate Applications Programme (WCAP) , the World Climate Data Programme (WCDP) and the World Climate Impact Studies Programme (WCIP). It was felt that regional associations should be more actively involved in the WCP, particu­larly in the WCAP and WCDP. Once plans have been fully developed this will be parti­cularly important as regards the regional implementation aspects.

9.1.2 Prof. Y. Izrael, chairman of STAC, gave details about the institutional arrangements for the co-ordination and conduct of the WCP and individual components. For the WCP, which requires multi-disciplinary expertise and participation of Members and international agencies, WMO is responsible for its overall co-ordination. UNEP is responsible for the WCIP, ICSU/WMO JSC for the WCRP and WMO for the WCAP and WCDP. By Resolution 17 (EC-XXXIV) an Advisory Committee for the WCAP and WCDP (ACCAD) was established with the following composition: presidents of CCAM (chairman), CAgM (vice­chairman), CBS and CHy and representatives of the three World Meteorological Centres, as well as representatives of actively contributing international organizations.

9.1.3 Having requested ACCAD, at its session planned for 1983, to provide clear guidance to regional associations on their role within the WCAP and WCDP,once their respective plans are finalized, the Association added that it was willing to partici­pate fully in the WCP. Therefore the Association authorized the president to esta­blish a regional working group or appoint (a) RA VI rapporteur(s) to deal with region­al aspects of the WeAP and WCDP, in accordance with Regulation 31 of the-WMO General Regulations.

9.2 World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)

9.2.1 The Association noted that the ICSU/WMO JSC had approved a preliminary plan for the WCRP which concentrated on the following three main research topics:

(a) Climatologically significant processes;

(b) Development, evaluation and use of climate models and, if possible, models for predictions of climate change;

(c) Climate diagnostics, observational studies and climate data require­ments.

GENERAL SUMMARY 41

9.2.2 The Association noted that, amongst the climatologically significant processes, cloudiness and radiation, as well as ocean processes, had been identified as requiring particular attention because 'of their overriding scientific importance as controlling factors of climate. It also agreed that there was a need for care­fully planned research projects and organization of experimental programmes to find answers to complicated processes in the atmosphere and the ocean which influence climate and its variability.

9.2.3 Prof. Dr. H. J. Bolle, vice-chairman of the JSC and representative of ICSU/ IAMAP, reported in detail on JSC activities and, in particular, on the results of the recent JSC officers' meeting in Helsinki (September, 1982). The JSC'officers agreed to structure the WCRP into three streams:

(a) Investigation of the physical basis of long-term weather prediction (time-scale some months) with prescribed ocean but interactive treat­ment of heat exchange between the surface and the atmosphere;

(b) The tropical ocean and the global atmosphere (TOGA) which should lead to the implementation of tropical ocean models and full parameteri­zation of its interaction with the atmosphere (mainly "warm-water sphere": time-scale one to three years);

(c) Inclusion of world ocean aspects of interdependent land surface changes and of the variability of radiative active gases and aerosols in the atmosphere (time-scale of more than three years).

For all three streams, research is already going on in parallel. It is, however, ex­pected that final conclusions can only be reached consecutively in the three streams. The major components of the programme are:

(a) Study and parameterization of the interdependence of clouds and radiation, under which the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project is to be implemented from 1983 onwards. The co-operation of all meteorological satellite operating agencies is absolutely manda­tory for the success of this important project.'

(b) Different regional and large-scale ocean programmes which will need major international co-ordination. For the necessary oceanographic studies, special altimeter and radar-equipped satellites are neces­sary, such as the currently planned ERs-t, ESA's first remote sensing satelli teo

(c) Investigation and parameterization of hydrological and land surface processes, including the question of desertification as one project on International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) was recently proposed.

(d) Treatment of radiatively active gases of which CO2 and 03 stand out prominently but are not the only critical constituents, and aerosols and'their variability in climate models. This may, inter alia, ulti­mately lead to models which generate their own aerosols.

A number of necessary regional studies in support of the programme have already been identified. IAMAP, COS PAR and WMO-CAS participate - in most cases jointly - in the definition and specification of specific research projects within the WCRP in close co-operation with the JSC.

42 GENERAL SUMMARY

9.2.4 In relation to different time-scales of variability within the climate system, the Association recognized that a central role would be played by exploita­tion of numerical models. However the development of, and obtaining results from/ such models required substantial scientific and computing resources which were avail­able only to relatively few Members of the Region. Bearing in mind the potential benefits of progress in the WCRP/ the Association urged Members with the required resources to take an active part in the extensive numerical experimentation programme forming the basis of the WCRP.

9.2.5 The Association noted with interest the "Section" programme of the U.S.S.R. which is concerned with studying the influence on the atmospheric circulation of key regions in the world oceans where the interaction between the atmosphere and the ocean is greatest. Noting that some Members of RA VI were participating in this programme the Association invited other Memb~rs to co-operate and participate in it.

9.3 World Climate Applications ProQramme (WCAP)

The Association supported the WCAP activities set out by EC-XXXIV as comprehensive guidelines for a priority-climate applications programme. It recognized the special importance of three major climate application areas, namely food/ energy and water (see paragraph 9.1.3 above).

9.4 World Climate Data Programme (WCDP)

The Association noted the proposal by EC-XXXIV on valuable guidelines to achieve WCDP objectives. It noted that Members of WMO were currently reviewing the draft plan for the WCDP. In considering the regional action required under the above draft plan, specific requirements for homogeneity of long-time series from carefully selected climate reference stations were mentioned. However, it was felt that region­al action must await the result of the CCAM study on worldwide selection criteria for climate reference stations.

9.5 World Climate Impact Studies Programme (WCIP)

9.5.1 The Association noted that the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), .as the agency responsible for the WCIP, had established a Scientific Advisory Commit­tee (SAC) which developed a plan of action. The UNEP representative gave details about the following planned WCIP activities during the coming year which relate to. studies of the impact of climate changes, including those due to an increase of CO2 in the atmosphere. These were:

(a) The evaluation of the climate changes which might occur in different regions of the globe;

(b) The assessment of the impact of such changes on the biosphere and on agricultural regions;

(c) The large-scale impact of such changes on socio-economic systems.

Apropos of this, it was pointed out that area (a) was the responsibility of WMO and ICSU and area (c) was that of UNEP. Since the responsibility of area (b) had not yet been defined, an expert meeting will be convened in October 1982 to discuss the actions under this important assessment area.

9.5.2 The Association also noted that a conference on methodology of assessments of climate was planned for September 1983. A project proposing IIASA to develop assessment methodology will be considered by the Scientific Advisory Committee of UNEP in January 1983.

· GENERAL SUMMARY 43

9.5.3 Some concern was voiced at a possible overlap between the WCAP and the WCIP. The UNEP representative agreed that the terms of reference of the two compo­nents should be more clearly defined. In this respect, it was mentioned that UNEP was dealing under the WCIP with the long-term impact of climate on large-scale agri­cultural regions and on the socio-economic system while the WCAP should be concerned with the application of climate data to human activities on national and regional levels.

10. TECHNICAL CO-OPERATION PROGRAMME - REGIONAL ASPECTS (Agenda item 10)

10.1 The Association noted the report presented by the Secretary-General on technical co-operation activities in the Region since its previous session.

10.2 The continued contribution of the Voluntary Co-operation Programme (VCP) to the implementation of the WWW in the Region was noted with appreciation. In this regard it was also noted with satisfaction that four VCP assistance projects, exclud-. ing fellowships, had been completed in the reporting period to further the implemen­tation of the WWW plan. The Association noted furthermore that four meteorologists from RA VI had successfully completed their general meteorology studies through VCP or Regular Budget long-term fellowships and that 17 short-term fellowships had been awarded to meteorologists from the Region since the introduction of this new scheme by Seventh Congress. It was emphasized, nevertheless, that there was still a parti­cularly high demand for such fellowships from Member countries in the south-eastern part of the Region and the hope was expressed that an even greater number of fellow­ships could be awarded in the next period.

10.3 The Association noted that small-scale UNDP country projects were or had been under execution in four countries of the Region. It considered that the level of assistance rendered through the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) remains low. As regards inter-country (regional) projects, the Association noted that no pro­ject had been approved for implementation in the previous four years neither in meteor­ology nor in operational hydrology in spite of the efforts made by WMO. Part of the difficulties here lies in the fact that the area covered by WMO Regional Association VI comprises two UNDP regions, namely Europe and the Arab states, and both regions have relatively small resources available for inter-country projects. The Association ex­pressed its concern over this situation and urged its Members to voice their dissatis­faction through the appropriate government channels to the Resident Representative of UNDP in their respective countries.

10.4 On the other hand, the Association noted the possibilities of developin~ Trust Fund projects and, in particular, appreciated the effort made by Turkey which provided funds for the strengthening of the telecommunication facilities of the State Meteorological Service to assist a VCP project for this purpose. Members were invited to consider, if their financial resources permit, the development of Trust Fund pro­jects to build up their national Meteorological and Hydrological Services, if neces­sary. 10.5 Of particular concern to the Association was the fact that no inter-country project had been approved for the Region during the period under review. It noted that several of the projects proposed by its seventh ses~ion had been submitted to UNDP but that none of these was approved. It also noted that the UNDP Regional Office for Europe encourages so-called cost-sharing by participating or other govern­ments and that in this way chances of having projects approved are enhanced and that this avenue is now being pursued with a project in hydrology for a number of countries in the south-eastern part of the Region. It noted furthermore that a new project for the south-eastern part of the Region is being developed to improve the telecommunica­tion facilities for data exchange arrangements between the countries and provide bet-ter liaison with Regional Associations I and II.

44 GENERAL SUMMARY

10.6 The Association recommended to its Members that the possibility of cost-sharing might be more systematically used in order to obtain support for inter­country projects for RA VI. In this connexion, the Association reviewed the list of projects suggested for support under the inter-country programme and adopted Reso­lution 33 (VIII-RAVI).

10.7 The Association noted with satisfaction the arrangements made by WMO and UNDP in providing sectoral support in the fields of both meteorology and operational hydrology to supply advice and assistance to governments and UNDP resident represen­tatives in identifying the requirements in these fields. It agreed that this was a most useful element of assistance in the preparation of new projects and expressed the hope that UNDP would continue to finance sectoral advisers in meteorology and operational hydrology.

10.8 The Association stressed the importance of bilateral and multilateral--assistance projects between Members as an effective measure to promote technical co-operationo Apropos of this it was pointed out that Members of developing countries in the Region should consider promoting mutual co-operation within the UN concept of "technical co-operation among developing countries (TCDC)"o

11. SCIENTIFIC LECTURES AND DISCUSSIONS (Agenda item 11)

11.1 The following scientific lectures were delivered during the session:

"Classification of radiation site. in terms of different indices of atmospeheric transparency", by Mr. R. Dogniaux (Belgium);

"Weather forecasting services·in the eighties: The Italian experience", by Dr. La Valle (Italy);

"The role of agrometeorological services in economic development", by Mr. J. Hrbek (Czechoslovakia).

11.2 These lectures were followed by discussions. The acting president, who chaired the meeting, thanked the lecturers for their interesting presentations.

12. REVIEW OF PREVIOUS RESOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION AND OF RELEVANT EXE~UTIVE COMMITTEE RESOLUTIONS (Agenda item 12)

12.1 In accordance with RElgulation 171 of the WMO General Regulations and the directives of the Executive Committee, the Association reviewed under each item of the agenda its relevant past resolutions and recommendations which were in force at the time of the eighth session. It was considered necessary to maintain in force a number of past resolutions; others, however, which had become obsolete or were replaced by a new resolution, or where the substance of the resolution had been incorporated in an appropriate publication of WMO (for example, the Manuals on Codes, the GDPS, GTS and GOS), were not kept in force. The Association noted the action taken by the com­petent bodies of the Organization and by Members concerned on the past recommendations of RA VI.

12.2 The Association considered that Resolution 3 (EC-XXXI) on the report of the seventh session of the Association need not be kept in force.

12.3 Resolution 34 (VIII-RA VI) was adopted.

c ____________ _ - ------ ----------------- - - ---- ------- ------------ -

GENERAL SUMMARY 45

13. ELECTION OF OFFICERS (Agenda item 13)

Dr. A. W. Kabakibo (Syrian Arab Republic) was elected president of the: Association and Dr. L. A. Mendes Victor (Portugal) vice-president.

14. DATE AND PLACE OF THE NINTH SESSION (Agenda item 14)

The Association was informed that the Government of the German Democratic Republic was considering the possibility of hosting the ninth session of Regional Association VI. It noted this information with appreciation and agreed that the date of its ninth session would be determined later in accordance with Article 18(c) of the WMO Convention.

15. CLOSURE OF THE SESSION (Agenda item 15)

15.1 The Permanent Representative of Norway, Dr. A. Langlo, expressed his thanks on behalf of all the participants at the session to the acting president for the able manner in which he had conducted the debates and extended to him his con­gratulations on his election as president. He also expressed his and the Association's gratitude to the Italian Government for their hospitality in Rome and the arrangements made for the visit to the International School of tbe Met~orology of th~ Mediterranean.

15.2 In his closing address, Dr. A. W. Kabakibo, the newly elected president, thanked Dr.. Langlo for his kind words and in turn expressed his sincere gratitude for the excellent co-operation and the friendly atmosphere which had prevailed during the course of the session. He extended his warm appreciation to the vice-president and to the chairmen of Committees A andB and thanked the Secretary-General's repre­sentative for the excellent work performed by the Secretariat. He also thanked the interpreters and the translators for their efficient contribution to the success of the session and ended in expressing his gratitude to the Italian authorities for the excellent facilities provided an4 in particular, to Mr. A. Zanela for organizing the session so efficiently. By way of expressing his gratitude for the excellent organi­zation of the session, Dr. Kabakibo presented to the Italian Meteorological Service a gift to commemorate this event.

15.3 The alternate to the principal delegate of Italy, Mr. A. ZancIa, thanked the speakers for the kind words addressed to his country and expressed his and the Italian authorities' pride in having contributed to the success of the session. He then wished all the participants a safe return to their respective countries.

15.4 The session closed' at 12.50 p.m. on 15 October 1982.

RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE SESSION

Res. 1 (VIII-RA VI) - MANUAL ON THE GLOBAL OBSERVING SYSTEM, VOLUME II - REGIONAL ASPECTS, REGION VI (EUROPE)

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) . Resolution 5 (Cg-VIII) - World Weather Watch,

(2) The Manual on the Global Observing System, Volume I (Annex V to the WHO Technical Regulations),

(3) Resolution 1 (Ill-RA VI) - Selection of absolute standard barometers in the Region,

CONSIDERING the need to compile regional decisions on the. p.lanning and. the operation of the Global Observing System in Region VI into a consolidated statement for inclusion into Volume II of the Manual on the Global Observing System,

DESIDES to adopt Volume II - Regional aspects, Region VI, of the Manual on the Global Observing System as given in the annex* to this resolution;

AUTHORIZES the president of the Association, in consultation with the Secretary-General, to approve minor changes and editorial amendments to the Manual on the Global Observing System, Volume II - Regional aspects, Region VI (Europe);

REQUESTS the Secretary-General to include the text given in the annex to this resolution in Volume II of the Manual on the Global Observing System.

* See Annex VI.

Res. 2 (VIII-RA VI) - REGIONAL BASIC SYNOPTIC NETWORK

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 2 (VII-RA VI) - Regional basic synoptic network,

(2) The World Weather Watch plan and implementation programme for 1980 -1983, paragraph 54,

(3) The Manual on the Global Observing System, Volume I, Part 111, Regula­tions 2.2.1, 2.2.2.1.4 to 2.2.2.1.8, 2.4.2.1, 2.4.2.2, 2.4.3.1, 2.4.3.2, and the de­finition of the regional basic synoptic network,

CONSIDERING that the establishment and maintenance of a regional basic synoptic network of surface and upper-air synoptic stations, adequate to meet the requirements of Members and of the World Weather Watch, constitute one of the most important obligations of Members under Article 2 of the WMO Convention,

RESOLUTION 3 47

DECIDES that the stations and the observational programmes listed in the annex* to this resolution constitute the regional basic synoptic network of Region VI;

URGES Members:

(1) To spare no effort in their endeavours to secure, at the earliest date possible, full implementation of the network of stations and observational programmes set forth in the annex to this resolution;

(2) To comply fully with the standard times of observation, the global and regional.coding procedures and data-collection standards., as laid down in the WMO Tech­nical Regulations and the Manuals on the GOS, on Codes and on the GTS;

AUTHORIZES the president of the Association to approve, at the request of the Member concerned and in consultation with the Secretary-General, amendments to the list of stations in accordance with the procedures laid down in the Manual on the Global O~~erving System, Volume II - Regional aspects, Region VI.

* See Annex VII. NOTE: This resolution replaces Resolution 2 (VII-RA VI) which is no longer in force.

Res. 3 (VIII-RA VI) - URGENT APPEAL FOR PARTICIPATION IN THE NAOS SCHEME

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 4 (VII-RA VI), Participation of RA VI Members in the NAOS scheme,

(2) Paragraphs 56 and 57 of the WWW Plan for 1980 - 1983,

(3) The decision of the NAOS Board to extend in principle the NAOS operation until 1985,

CONSIDERING:

(1) That maintenance of the North Atlantic Ocean Weather Stations is essential for the provision of adequate services to its Members as long as no well­established system of proven alternative observing systems is available,

(2) That NAOS upper-air data are essential for maintaining high quality of vertical temperature sounding data from satellites,

(3) That an extension OT Lne membersh1p or voluntary contributions are imperative to maintain the NAOS scheme despite substantial rising in costs,

URGES:

(1) Contracting Parties to the Agreement to continue to support the NAOS Agreement;

(2) Members contributing to the Agreement by voluntary contributions to con­tinue to support the NAOS Agreement and to consider the possibility of joining the Agreement as a Contracting Party;

APPEALS to all other Members of RA VI to join the Agreement as a Contracting Par-ty or, if this should not be possible, to make voluntary contributions to the NAOS system;

48 RESOLUTION 4

INVITES the president of RA VI to approach the presidents of other regional associations with a view to encouraging Members of other regional associations to con­tribute to NAOS, either as Parties to the Agreement or through voluntary contributions.

Res. 4 (VIII-RA VI) - REGIONAL ASPECTS OF COLLECTION, PROCESSING AND ARCHIVING OF METEOROLOGICAL RADAR INFORMATION IN DIGITAL FORM

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 5 (VII-RA VI) - Regional aspects of collection, exchange and processing of radar information in digital form,

(2) Paragraph 62 of the WWW Plan for 1980 - 1983,

(3) The excellent work carried out by the RA VI Rapporteur on the Regional Aspects of Collection, Exchange and Processing of Radar Information in Digital Form during the period between the seventh and eighth sessions of RA VI,

CONSIDERING:

(1) The importance of meteorological radar for both operational and re­search purposes,

(2) That proposals elaborated by the RA VI rapporteur have been used by the Special ALPEX Data Centre for Radar Data in Czechoslovakia but need to be further tested and elaborated,

DECIDES:

(1) To appoint a Rapporteur on the Regional Aspects of Collectioni· Pro­cessing and Archiving of Meteorological Radar Information in Digital Form with the following terms of reference:

(a) To develop proposals for methods of digitizing and processing radar information;

(b) To eleborate proposals and testing of methods. for storage of digitized radar data;

(c) .To develop principles f9r a management. system for data banks and archives for meteorological RADAR data in digital form;

(2) To invite Dr. D. Podhorsky (Czechoslovakia) to serve as Rapporteur on the Regional Aspects of Collection, Processing and Archiving of Meteorological Radar Information in Digital Form;

(3) To request the rapporteur to collaborate closely with the RA VI Work­ing Group on Regional Procedures for the Transmission of Digitized Meteorological Radar Data over the GTS;

I

(4) To request the rapporteur to submit progress reports at yearly in-tervals to the president of the Association and a final report not later than six months before the ninth session of the Association.

RESOLUTIONS 5 AND 6 49

Res. 5 (VIII-RA VI) - REGIONAL PROCEDURES FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF DIGITIZED METEORO­LOGICAL RADAR DATA OVER THE GTS

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTI~~ the need for the exchange of digitized meteorological radar observa­tionson a bilateral or multilateral basis on the GTS for very short or short-term forecasting,

CONSIDERING that regional procedures for transmission of radar data would facilitate the setting up of bilateral or multilateral arrangements,

DECIDES:

(1) To establish a Working Group on Regional Procedures for the Transmission of Digitized Meteorological Radar Data of the GTS with the following terms of refer­ence:

(a) To compile the requirements of Members for the transmission of digitized meteorological radar data on a bilateral or multilateral basis;

(b) To evaluate the methods used by Members for digitizing meteoro­logical radar data for transmission on medium-speed data circuits;

(c) To formulate proposals for regional procedures, codes and pro­tocols for the transmission of radar data over theGTS;

(2) To invite the following experts to serve on this group:

D. Podhorsky (Czechoslovakia) C. G. Collier (United kingdom);

(3) To select, in accordance with Regulation 31 of the WMO General Regula­tions, Mr. C. G. Collier (United Kingdom) to serve as chairman of the group;

(4) To request the chairman of the working group:

(a) To submit appropriate proposals to the RA VI Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications;

(b) To submit progress reports at yearly intervals to the president of the Association and a final report not later than six months before the ninth session of the Association.

Res. 6 (VIII-RA VI) - NETWORK OF CLIMAT AND CLIMAT TEMP REPORTING STATIONS IN REGION VI

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 7 (VII-RA VI)-- Network of CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP reporting stations in Region VI,

(2) The Manual on the Global Observing System, Volume II - Regional aspects, Region VI,

(3) WMO Technical Regulation [A.2.4~3.~

50 RESOLUTIONS 7 AND 8

DECIDES that the network of stations preparing and transmitting CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP reports in the Region shall include the stations listed in the annex* to this resolution;

URGES Members to maintain the required observing programmes at the stations listed in the annex to this resolution and to provide regularly, for iriternational ex­change, the required CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP reports;

AUTHORIZES the president of the Association, in consultation with the Secretary-General, to approve minor changes to this network as may be required;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General:

(1) To arrange for the inclusion in WMO Publication No.9, Volume A, of the information concerning this network of CLIMAT and CLIMAT TEMP reporting stations;

(2) To bring the changes to this network approved by the president of the Association to the attention of all Members of WMO.

* See Annex VIII.

NOTE: This resolution replaces Resolution 7 (VII-RA VI) which is no longer in force.

Res. 7 (VIII-RA VI) - THE USE OF SATELLITE DATA

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING Resolution 6 (VII-RA VI) - The use of satellite data,

CONSIDERING that there exists a need for Members of the Association to be kept informed of developments taking place in the field of satellites as regards the use of satellite data,

DECIDES:

.(1) To appoint a Rapporteur on the Use of Satellite Data with the follow­ing terms of reference:

(a) To analyse available information from the Region on work in con­nexion with the use of satellite data;

(b) To submit progress reports at yearly intervals to the president of the Association and a final report hot later than· six months before the ninth session of the Association;

(2) To invite B. Bizzarri (Italy) to serve as Rapporteur on the Use of Satellite Data.

NOTE: This resolution replaces Resolution 6 (VII-RA VI) which is no longer in force.

Res. 8 (VIII-RA VI) - WORKING GROUP ON CO-ORDINATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR DATA IN GRID CODE FORM

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING the GDPS part of the WWW Plan for 1980 - 1983,

RESOLUTION 8 51

CONSIDERING:

(1) The need of Members to receive WMC and RMC products both for direct use as well as for their direct input into computers so as to use them for specified applications,

(2) The need to minimize the number of pictorial products- transmitted on the GTS through the use of the GRID code,

DECIDES:

(1) To establish a Working Group on Co-ordination of Requirements for Data in GRID Code Form with the following terms of reference:

(a) To evaluate Members' requirements concerning GRID code data for various applications;

(b) To standardize grid sizes and areas used for the exchange of pro­ducts in GRID form at various RA VI centres;

(c) To formulate proposals on the co-ordination of requirements for the exchange of processed information in both pictorial and GRID code form in order to avoid unnecessary duplication of trans­missions on the GTS;

(d) To draw up a list of GRID products issued by WMCs, RMCs and other centres to be exchanged in GRID code format within the Region;

(e) To formulate procedures for monitoring the exchange of output pro­ducts and suggest elimination of redundant exchanges;

(f) To co-operate with the RA VI Working Group on Meteorological Tele­communications concerning certain aspects of using GRID code data to exchange processed information (e.g. storage of GRID code data at RTHsand problems c with.:bulletin headings);

(g) To formulate procedures for verification of the quality of output products;

(2) To invite the following experts to serve on this working group:

M. Trochu (France) W. Bus01d (Germany, Federal Republic of) B. Jakubiak (Poland)--S. Cristina (Portugal) E. G. Lomonosov (U.S.S.R.) R. A. Bromley (United Kingdom)

(3) To select, in accordance with Regulation 31 of the WMO General Regula­tions, Dr. E. G. Lomonosov (U.S.S.R.) to serve as chairman of the working group;

(4) To request the chairman of the working group to submit progress re­ports at yearly intervals to the president of the Association and a final report six months prior to the next session of the Association.

52 RESOLUTIONS 9 AND 10

Res. 9 (VIII-RA VI) - SUPPLEMENT TO SECTION VI (EUROPE) OF VOLUME II OF THE MANUAL ON THE GDPS

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 4 (EC-XXXI) - Report of the seventh session of the Com~ mission for Basic Systems,

(2) The Manual on the GDPS - Volume II, Regional aspects,

CONSIDERING the need to review the regional data-processing plan for-RA VI (Europe) to meet the requirements of Members in Region VI and of the World Weather Watch,

DECIDES to amend the Manual on the Global Data-processing System, Volume II, Regional aspects, Region VI - Europe, Parts I and II as given in the annex* to this resolution;

AUTHORIZES the president of the Association, in consultation with the Secretary-General of WMO, to approve minor changes to the Manual on the Global Data­processing System, Volume II, Regional aspects, Region VI - Europe, Parts I and II;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General of WMO to include the amended text given in the annex to this resolution in Parts I and II of the Manual on_the Global Data­processing System, Volume II, Regional aspects, Region VI - Europe.

* See Annex IX.

Res. 10 (VIII-RA VI) - PRESENTATION OF WEATHER INFORMATION IN THE MASS ME~IA

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 1 (VlI-RA VI) - Effective presentation of weather informa­tion for distribution by the mass media,

(2) The discrepancy that exists between the amount of work put into the preparation of weather information for the mass media and the efforts made to give the information a form suitable for the users,

CONSIDERING:

(1) The importance of supplying the general public and other users with . correct as well as digestible weather information,

(2) The need for more effective ways of distributing weather information through the mass media taking into account the potentialities of the media and the limitation in man's ability to receive and understand oral and visual information,

(3) Recent developments in the field of perception information processes and technology,

RESOLUTIONS 11 AND 12 53

ENCOURAGES Members:

(1) To increase efforts in the area of presenting weather information to users through the mass media in an efficient way;

(2) To include in the training of meteorologists a better knowledge of how to present weather information, taking into account journalistic ideas and theories of perception and information processes.

Res. 11 (VIII-RA VI) - WORKING GROUP ON THE EXCHANGE OF WARNINGS OF HAZARDOUS WEATHER PHENOMENA

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTII\IG:

(1) The importance of an early warning of hazardous weather phenomena for the protection of human life and, as much as possible, for the avoidance of material losses,

(2) The experience gained between neighbouring countries in the exchange of warnings of hazardous weather phenomena,

DECIDES:

(1) To establish a Working Group on the Exchange of Warnings of Hazardous Weather Phenomena with the following terms of reference:

(0) To collect information on ongoing activities in this field;

(b) To evaluate available experience on the exchange of warnings of hazardous weather phenomena and on the related operational methods;

(c) To prepare and standardize methods and other basic principles for bilateral exchanges of such warnings;

(2) To invite the following experts to serve on this working group:

R. Doumont (Belgium) H. Veit (German Democratic Republic) W. Kressling (Germany, Federal Republic of) K. Vissy (Hungary) L. Nowosielski (Poland) D. Queiroz (Portugal) R. Stoian (Mrs.) (Romania) R. Font (Spain) G. G. Sivopiias (U.S.S.R.)

Res. 12 (VIII-RA VI) - STANDARDIZATION OF VOLUME II OF THE MANUAL ON CODES

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 9 (VII-RA VI) - Regional codes,

54 RESOLUTIONS 13 AND 14 .

(2) Resolution 28 (80- RA VI) - Regional coding procedures, FM 12-VII, FM 13-VII,

(3) Recommendation 12 (CBS-VII) - Standardization of Volume II of the Manual on Codes,

(4) ,WMQ Publication No. 306 - Manual on Codes, Volume II,

CONSIDERING that the regional coding procedures with respect to FM 12-VII SYNOP and FM 13-VII SHIP have already been adapted to the structure of Volume I of the Manual on Codes,

DECIDES to standardize the regional coding procedures with respect to FM 20-V RADOB, FM 32-V PILOT, PM 33-V PILOT SHIP, FM 35-V TEMP, FM 36-V TEMP SHIP, FM 48-V ARMET, FM 53-V ARFOR, FM 67-VI HYDRA, FM 68-VI HYFOR and FM 85-VI SAREP, in accordance with the layout given in the annex* to this resolution;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General to include the standardized regional coding procedures in Part .A, Chapter VI of Volume II of the Manual on Codes.

* See Annex 10.

Res. 13 (VIII-RA VI) - RAPPORTEUR ON CODES

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

CONSIDERING that there is a need for further study of a number of regional code problems in Region VI,

reference:

on Codes;

DECIDES:

(1) To re-appoint a Rapporteur on Codes with the following' terms of

(a) To keep under review the existing regional meteorological codes for Region VI and to develop new codes or recommend changes to existing regional codes, as required;

(b) To take action on coding problems assigned by the president of the Regional Association;

(c) To represent RA VI on the CBS Working Group on Codes;

(2) T6 invite Mrs. N. P. Fakhrutdinova (U.S.S.R.) to serve as Rapporteur

(3) To request the rapporteur to submit progress reports at yearly in­tervals to the president of the Association and a final report not-lcifer than six' months before the ninth s~ssi~n of the' Association.

Res. 14 (VIII-RA VI) - REGIONAL CODING PROCEDURES FOR REPORTING DATA FOR THE 925 hPa SURFACE

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING paragraph 4.1.3 of the general summary of the abridged final report of the seventh session of the Commission for Basic Systems,

RESOLUTIONS 15 AND 16 55

CONSIDERING:

(1) That the international exchange of data at 925 hPa would be very useful for forecasting meteorological conditions in the atmospheric boundary layer,

(2) That regional associations should develop appropriate regional coding procedures for reporting low-level data in Part B of the TEMP code,

DECIDES to apply the regional use of the revised version" of Sec"tion 9 of Part B as from 1 July 1983;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General of WMO to include the revised coding pro­cedures for FM 35-V TEMP and FM 36-V TEMP SHIP, as given in the annex* to this reso­lution, in Chapter VI of Volume II of the Manual on Codes.

* SEE Annex XI.

Res. 15 (VIII-RA VI) - REGIONAL CODE" FOR GENERAL AVIATION FORECASTS IN EUROPE

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING Conclusion 19/6 of the nineteenth meeting of the European Air Navigation Planning Group as approved by the l06th ICAO Council,

CONSIDERING that METSIGAG had planned to limit the international exchange of general aviation forecasts to those parts which provide visibility/cloud inform­ation,

DECIDES to adopt the regional code GAFOR as given in the annex* to this resolution for use in Europe as from 1 July 1983;

INVITES Members of the Association to specify to the Secretary-General of WMO the zone number(s) of the sub-areas/route segments for which forecasts will be provided;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General of WMO to arrange for the inclusion of the regional code for general aviation forecasts in Europe together with specifications for sub-areas and/or route segments, as specified by Members in Volume II of the Manual on Codes.

* See Annex XII.

Res. 16 (VllI-RA VI) - TRANSMISSION OF SHIPS' WEATHER REPORTS

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Recommendation 5 (CMM-VIII) - Transmission and collection of ships' weather reports,

(2) That, in accordance with ITU Telegraph Regulations and CCITT Recommen­dations, groups of characters or expressions which do not exceed ten characters are charged as one word,

56 RESOLUTION 17

CONSIDERING:

(1) That combining the five-character groups composing messages in FM 13-VII SHIP code into ten-character groups would result in a considerable re­duction in the number of words for the calculation of charges and, consequently, the expenses to Meteorological Services,

(2) That there are difficulties at some NMCs for reformatting ten­character groups into five-character groups,

(3) That there are no difficulties at other NMCs for reformatting ten­character groups into five-character groups,

DECIDES:

(1) To use ten-character groups within Region VI for ship-to-shore trans­mission of ships' weather reports in the FM 13-VII code when necessary and useful;

(2) That GTS centres in Region VI, when receiving ships' weather reports from coastal stations, reformat the ten-character groups into five-character groups prior to their insertion into the GTS;

INVITES Members of Regional Association VI to arrange with their respective telecommunication authorities responsible for operating coastal radio stations to accept ships' weather reports comprising ten-character groups.

Res. 17 (VllI-RA VI) - AMENDMENTS TO THE MANUAL ON THE GTS, VOLUME II - REGIONAL ASPECTS - EUROPE - PART I - ORGANIZATION OF THE REGIONAL METEOROLOGICAL TELECOMMUNICATION PLAN IN REGION VI (EUROPE)

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 5 (Cg-VIII) - World Weather Watch,

(2) The Manual on the Global Telecommunication System - Volume II ~ Regional aspects - Europe,

CONSIDERING the need to review the regional meteorological telecommunication plan for Region VI (Europe) to meet the requirements of Members of RA VI and the World Weather Watch,

DECIDES that the Manual on the Global Telecommunication System - Volume II -Regional aspects - Europe - Part I be amended as given in the annex* to this resol­ution;

AUTHORIZES the president of the Association, in consultation with the Secretary-General of WMO, to approve changes to the Manual on the Global Tele­communication System - Volume II - Regional aspects - Europe - Part Ii

REQUESTS the Secretary-General of WMO to include the amendments given in the annex to this resolution in Part I of the Manual on the Global Telecommunication System - Volume II - Regional aspects - Europe.

* See Annex XIII.

RESOLUTIONS 18 AND 19

Res. 18 (VIII-RA VI) - AMENDMENTS TO THE MANUAL ON THE GTS, VOLUME II - REGIONAL ASPECTS - EUROPE - PART II - TELECOMMUNICATION PROCEDURES FOR REGION VI (EUROPE)

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 5 (Cg-VIII) - World Weather Watch,

57

(2) The Manual on the Global Telecommunication System (GTS) - Volume II -Regional aspects - Europe - Telecommunication procedures for Region VI (Europe),

CONSIDERING the need to review and update the telecommunication procedures for Region VI (Europe) to meet the requirements of Members of RA VI and the World Weather Watch,

DECIDES that the Manual on the Global Telecommunication System - Volume II -Regional aspects - Europe - Part II be amended as given in the annex* to this resol­ution;

AUTHORIZES the president of the Association, in consultation with the Secretary-General of WMO, to approve minor changes to the Manual on the Global Telecommunication System - Volume II - Regional aspects - Europe - Part II;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General of WMO to include the amendments given in the annex to this resolution in Part II of the Manual on the Global Telecommunication System - Volume II - Regional aspects - Europe - Part II.

* See Annex XIVo

Res. 19 (VlII-RA VI) - AMENDMENTS TO THE MANUAL ON THE GTS, VOLUME II - REGIONAL ASPECTS - EUROPE - PART III - ENGINEERING OF CENTRES AND CIRCUITS AND ASSOCIATED OPERATING PROCEDURES IN REGION VI

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING the Manual on the Global Telecommunication System, Volumes I and II,

CONSIDERING:

(1) The need to eliminat~ unnecessary duplication of texts in Volumes I and II of the Manual on the Global Telecommunication System,

(2) The need for guidance material to assist RA VI Members in the upgrading and automation of the operation of their GTS centres and circuits,

DECIDES that the Manual on the Global Telecommunication System - Volume II -Regional aspects - Europe - Part III be amended as given in the annex* to this resol­ution;!

f

AUTHORIZES the president of the Association, in consultation with the Secretary-General of WMO, to approve minor changes to the Manual on the Global Telecommunication System - Volume II - Regional aspects - Europe - Part III;

58 RESOLUTION 20

REQUESTS the Secretary-General of WMO to include the amendments given in the annex to this resolution in Part III of the Manual on the Global Telecommunication System - Volume II - Regional aspects - Europe.

* See Annex XV.

Res. 20 (VllI-RA VI) - WORKING GROUP ON METEOROLOGICAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 5 (Cg-VIII) - World Weather Watch,

(2) That Members' requirements for collection, exchange and distribution of meteorological information are undergoing constant change, due to progress in atmospheric science and data-processing technology,

(3) That the technology in the field of telecommunications is progressing at an ever-increasing rate,

CONSIDERING that these developments require constant review and adjustments of the meteorological telecommunication arrangements in Region VI,

DECIDES:

(1) To establish a Working Group on Meteorological Telecommunications and to give it the following terms of reference:

(a) To keep abreast of developments in new telecommunication tech­nology and equipment and to study their possible adaptation to -the requirements for an efficient regional meteorological tele­communication system in Region VI, as -well as the advanta.ges de­rived from communication space techniques, including-meteoro­logical satellites;

(b) To formulate recommendations on regional activities relating to -the World Weather Watch telecommunication system in Region-VI;

(c) To formulate recommendations for the co-ordination of the imple­mentatio.n of telecommunic.ation facilities and techniques, if required; ._

(d) To study problems and develop improved and cost-effective arrange­ments relating to the exchange of observational data and processed information, both in pictorial and digital form, within Region VI and with neighbouring regions;

(e) To keep under review the regional meteorological telecommunication plan, particularly as regards developments in the -capabilities of geostationary satellites for data collection and distribution;

(f) To formulate recommendations on re-routeing arrangements of ob­servational data and processed information in cases of outages of circuits and centres;

(g) To develop a detailed distribution plan for the exchange of addressed messages within Region VI;

RESOLUTION 20 59

(h) To monitor and report on the efficiency of the operation of meteorological telecommunications in Region VI, and to formulate recommendations on the basis of these reports;

(i) To establish any group considered necessary for studying special problems;

(j) To advise the president of the Association on regional meteoro­logical telecommunication problems, as assigned to the group;

(2) That the working group be composed of experts in meteorological tele­communications nominated by Members of RA VI wishing to participate actively in the work of the group;

. (3) To give the following composition to the working group:

(a) The following experts who were nominated in the course of the session:

H. Trnka (Austri~) E. De Dycker (Belgium) L. Selderslags (Belgium) L. Gezova (Bulgaria} L. Stephanou (Cyprus) J. Masl (Czechoslovakia) P. V~lkovuori (Finland) P. Kerherve (France) H. Veit (German Democratic Republic) W. Bopp (Germany, Federal Republic of) K. Velmachos (Greece) B. Kassai (Hungary) A. Petracchini (Italy) A. T. F. Grooters (Netherlands) A. Strandli (Norway) W. Cudny (Poland) J. Sobczyk (Poland) A. Pascoal (Portugal) C. Radulescu (Romania) J. Segovia (Spain) L. Giorne (Sweden) L. E. Bezruk (U.S.S.R.) A. Johnson (U.K.)

(b) Additional experts who may be nominated later by Members of the Association;

(4) To select, in accordance with Regulation 31 of the General Regulations, Mro W. Bopp (Federal Republic of Germany) as chairman of the working group;

(5) To request the chairman of the working group to submit progress re­ports at yearly intervals to the president of the Association and a final report not later than six months before the ninth session of the Association.

NOTE: This resolution replaces Resolution 11 (VII-RA VI) which is no longer in force.

60 RESOLUTIONS 21 AND 22

Res. 21 (VIII-RA VI) - CO-ORDINATED COMMON SYSTEM OF MARINE FORECAST AREAS IN THE BALTIC SEA

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 12 (VII-RA VI) - Common designation of marine forecast areas in the North Sea and the Baltic Sea,

(2) The report by the Rapporteur on a Common System for the Designation of Marine Forecast Areas in the Baltic Sea,

CONSIDERING that the designation of common forecast areas in the Baltic Sea will enhance the co-ordination of marine meteorological support to marine activities, particularly shipping, fisheries, marine pollution clean-up and maritime search-and­rescue o~eration& in the Baltic Sea,

DECIDES to adopt the Co-ordinated Common System of Marine Forecast Areas in the Baltic Sea as given in the annex* to this resolution for implementation on 1 August 1984;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General of WMO to include the substance of the annex to this resolution in WMO Publication No.9, Volume D, and in other relevant WMO Pub­lications •.

* See Annex XVI.

Res. 22 (VIII-RA VI) - CO-ORDINATED COMMON SYSTEM OF MARINE FORECAST AREAS IN THE NORTH SEA

NOTING:

(I) Resolution 12 (VII-RA VI) - Common designation of marine forecast areas in the North Sea and Baltic Sea,

(2) The report by the Rapporteur on a Common System for the Designation .C'f Marine Forecast Areas in the North Sea,

CONSIDERING that the designation of common forecast areas in the North Sea will facilitate the co-ordination of marine meteorological support to marine activities, particularly shipping, off-shore operations, marine pollution clean-up and maritime search-and-re~cue 6perations in the North Sea,

DECIDES to adopt the Co-ordinated Common System of Marine Forecast Areas in the North Sea as given in the annex* to this resolution for implementation on . 1 August 1984;

INVITES the president of the Association as a matter of urgency to arrange for completion of an explanatory text (i.e. numbering of areas);

REQUESTS the Secretary-General of WMO to include the substance of the annex to this resolution in WHO Publication No; 9,· Volume 0, and in other relevant WMO~Ub­lications.

* See Annex XVII.

RESOLUTIONS 23 AND 24

Res. 23 (VIII-RA VI) - IMPLEMENTATION OF THE JOINT IOC/WMO INTEGRATED GLOBAL OCEAN SERVICES SYSTEM (IGOSS)

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 13 (Cg-VIII) - IGOSS,

61

(2) Resolution 7 (EC-XXXIII) - Co-ordination of WMOmarine meteorological and related oceanographic activities with activities under the-IGOSS General Plan and Implementation Programme 1982 - 1985,

(3) The IGOSS General Plan and Implementation Programme 1982 - 1985,

(4) The slow progress in the implementation of IGOSS, .

CONSIDERING:

(1) That the adequate treatment of oceanic information is essential for the improvement of ,long-range weather forecasts and climate studies,

(2)' That the timely availabiE ty of oceanographic data is important wi thin both the World Weather Watch and the World Climate Programme,

URGES Members:

(1) To strengthen their contributions to the implementation of var10US components of IGOSS;

(2) To enhance the co-operation and co-ordination between Meteorological Services and oceanographic institutions/organizations at the national level with a view to ensuring a more active and efficient participation in the implementaion of IGOSS, in particular in the ocean areas in Region VI.

Res. 24 (VIlI-RA VI) - CO-ORDINATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION OF THE WWW - - IN REGION VI

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) The main trends for the development of a future WWW and the forthcoming results of the Integrated WWWSystem Study,

(2) The WWW Plan for 1980 - 1983,

CONSIDERING: -

(1) The need to formulate and agree on a regionally co-ordinated action pro­gramme for the implementation of major WWW elements in the HelCl--ol GOS~-GbpS and GIS, ,

(2) The need to keep under constant review the progress made in the im­plementation and operation of the WWW in the Region,

62 RESOLUTION 24

DECIDES:

(1) To establish a Working Group on the Co-ordination of the Implementation and Operation of the WWW in Region VI with the following terms of reference:

(a) Formulation of detailed proposals for the design and implementation of regionally co-ordinated observing systems (including both fixed and drifting buoys, meteorological satellites, upper-air observa­tions from islands and ships) drawing appropriately on OSEs and other studies of the ISS;

(b) Co-ordination of real-time and non~real-time functions of the WMC and RMCs in the Region in a system of interdependent processing centres exploiting opportunities for local, specialized application of products provided in grid code;

(c) Co-ordination of the implementation and effective operation of GTS facilities in the Region paying due regard to new technologies, protocols and methods;

(d) Provision of an Implementation Plan for the period 1987 - 1992, identifying target dates and resources required where appropriate, recognizing the need to harmonize that Plan with the WMO Long-term Plan;

(e) Formulate proposals for the rationalization of observing networks for global and regional purposes in the Region in order to make optimum use of the available resources;

(f) Formulate proposals for the co-ordination of plans for the appli­cation of resources within the VCP for the improvement of global facilities within and between adjacent regions;

(2) To give the following composition to the working group:

(a) The experts mentioned below as the core of the working group:

F. Duvernet (France) T. Mohr ~Germany,Federal Republic of) A. Kapovits (Hungary) G. de Florio (Italy) O. H. Bremnes (Norway) M. Huert~ (Spain)

(b) The following experts who were nominated in the cours~ of the session:

K. Richter (German Democratic Republic) J. A. Wisse (Netherlands) J. Parfiniewicz (Poland) M. Cabrita (Portugal) D. Poje (Yugoslavia) One expert to be nominated by Finland One expert to be nominated by Israel One expert to be nominated by the U.S.S.R. One expert to be nominated by the United Kingdom One expert to be nominated by the JSC Working Group on Numerical

Experimentation (WGNE)

(c) Additional experts who may be nominated later by the Members of the Association;

RESOLUTION 25 63

(3) To designate, in accordance with Regulation 31- of the WMO General Regu­lations, Mr. F. Duvernet (France) as chairman of the working group;

(4) To request the chairman of the working group to submit progress reports at yearly intervals to the president of the Association for subsequent distribution to all its Members and a final report not later than six months before the ninth session of the Association.

Res. 25 (VIII-RA VI) - RAPPORTEUR ON NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION IN EUROPE

.THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 22 (Cg-VIII) - Programme on Short-, Medium- and Long.,;.range Weather Prediction Research (PWPR),

(2) That a number of meteorological computer centres are working in Europe,

CONSIDERING:

(1) That many Meteorological Services are actively concerned with the de­velopment of models for limited-area weather prediction,

(2) The need for the Members of the Association.to make the best use of numerical weather products,

DECIDES:

(1)- To appoint a Rapporteur on Numerical Weather Prediction in Europe with the following terms of reference:

(a) To study existing forums and journals in which numerical weather prediction problems are discussed;

(b) To advise when it would be useful to hold occasional meetings of experts from -the major European NWP Centres to exchange experience and expertise in developing and operating NWP models on all scales;

(c) To recommend arrangements by which National Weather Services re­ceiving NWP products could be better informed of the- possibilities and limitations of the various models and how the products could best be-interpreted and used;

(d) To consider how any such activities could relate to the activities of bodies such as the Working Group on Numerical Experimenta-tion (WGNE) and Limited -Area Model (LAM) Groups;

(2) To invite Dr. H. Reiser (Federal Republic of Germany) to serve as Rapporteur on Numerical Weather Prediction in Europe;-

(3) To request the rapporteur to submit progress reports at_yearly intervals to the president of the Association and a final report not later than six months before the ninth session of the Association.

64 RESOLUTION 26

Res. 26 (VIII-RA VI) - RAPPORTEUR ON RADIATION

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 17 (VII-RA VI),

(2) The report by the chairman of the Working Group on Radiation presented to the eighth session of RA VI,

CONSIDERING:

(1) That the activities of the RA VI Working Group on Radiation should be continued,

(2) The necessity of orgam.Zl.ng periodic pyrheliometer comparisons and of co-ordinating activities in the measurement of radiation within Region VI,

reference:

tion;

DECIDES:

(1) To appoint a Rapporteur on Radiation· with the following terms of

(a) To maintain liaison with the CIMO Working Group on Radiation and Atmospheric Turbidity Measurement;

(b) To maintain liaison with the CAS Rapporteurs on Atmospheric Radiation;

(c) To consider the desirable distribution of stations measuring radiation in Region VI and of the development of their observa­tional programmes;

(d) To organize and supervise periodic regional comparisons of national standard radiometers and to collect and record the results;

(e) To draft instructions concerning the implementation of the methods recommended by CIMO for the calibration of the radiometers recom­mended .for use in the national networks;

(f) To give to Members, on request, the ne'cessary assistance for them to conform to the international and regional decisions concerning radiation measurements and to contribute by all appropriate means in the implementation of the WMO plan of action in the field of energy problems;

(g) To promote the exchanges of radiation information and publications both within Regional Association VI and between the RA VI Working Group on Radiation and similar working groups in other regions;

(h) To keep the Inventory of Radiation Measurements, Region VI (Europe), up to date;

(2) To invite Mr. R. Dogniaux (Belgium) to serve as Rapporteur on Radia-

RESOLUTION 27 65

(3) To request the rapporteur to submit progress reports at yearly inter­vals to the 'president of the Association and a final report not later than six months oefore the ninth session of the Association.

NOTE: This resolution replaces Resolution 17 (VII-RA VI) which is no longer in force.

Res. 27 (VIII.:.RA VI) - RAPPORTEUR ON ATMOSPHERIC OZONE

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 18 (VII-RA VI),

(2) Resolution 8 (EC-XXVIII),

CONSIDERING:

(1) The importance of Members' contributions and co-operation to ensure the successful implementation of the WHO Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project,

(2) The need for the study of specific regional problems involved in the implementation of the project, particularly the requirements for strengthening the existing network of ozone-measuring stations,

DECIDES:

(1) To appoint a Rapporteur on Atmospheric Ozone with the following terms of reference:

(2) on Atmospheric

(a) To collaborate closely with the Regional Ozone Centre and other appropriate bodies in arranging for intercomparisons of ozone instruments, particularly balloon-borne sondes and new techniques which may become available;

(b) To ensure the exchange of information with the Regional Ozone Centre on the activities concerning regional aspects of the WMO Ozone Research and Monitoring Project;

(c) To contribute to the facilitation of the exchange of information among Members on scientific and technological developments in ozone-monitoring studies;

(d) To maintain close liaison with the CAS working group and CIMO Rapporteur on Atmospheric Ozone and, if appropriate, to represent the Region at meetings of common interest;

(e) To determine the state of international or regional calibration of ozone-measuring instruments used in the Region;

To invite Dr. C. D. Walshaw (United Kingdom) to serve as Rapporteur Ozone;

66 RESOLUTION 28

(3) To request the rapporteur to submit progress reports at yearly inter­vals to the president of the Association and a final report not later tharn six months before the ninth session of the Associ<;ltion.

NOTE: This resolution replaces Resolution 18 (VII-RA vI) which is .1'10 longer in force.

Res. 28 (VIH-.RA VI) - WORKING 'GROUP ON AGRICULTURAL ~ETEOROLOGY

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolutions 17 and 18 (Cg ... ;VIII),

(2) The conclusion of the EPPO/WMO Symposium on Agrometeorologyand Plant Protection,

~<>NSlDERING:

(1) That many problems in agrometeorology ar.e of a regional nature.l

0(2) That priority should be given to work of direct or indirect influence on foodpr,odu.cti.on,

'DECIDES:

(1) To re-establish the Working Group on Agricultural Meteorology and give it the following terms of reference:

(a) To survey and summarize available information and techniques on operational agrometeorological services fo~ plan~ .protection;

(b) To prepare guidance material on crop protection models for crops which are of particular interest to the Region;

(c) To study the agrometeorology of the potato crop in detail (inciu­ding plant protection) and to make proposals for further action required on~he subject;

(d) To take care of the implementation of regional agrometeorological aspects in the datainformaHon systems CARS FOOD and INFOCLIMA in close collaboration with CAgM andCCAM;

(e) To provide advice to the president of RA VI on all regional mat­tersconcerning agricultural meteorology;

(2) That the working group be comprised'of experts in the fields of studies assigned to the group and readily available to participate in its activities;

(3) To give the following composition to the group:

(a) The following experts as the core of the working group:

J. Hrbek (Czechoslovakia) K. Hoffmann (German Democratic Republic)

RESOLUTION 29

J. Lomas (Israel) W. N. Lablans (Netherlands) A. N. Polevoy (U.S.S.R.)

(b) The following experts who were. nominated in the course of the session:

N. Slavov (Bulgaria) E. Elomaa (Finland) D. Payen (France) F. Rapilly (France) A. Liakatas (Greece) T. Gorski (Poland) J. Casimiro Mendes (Portugal) O. Berbecel (Romania) L. Garcia de Pedraza (Spain) L. R. Sparkes (United Kingdom) S. Otorepec (Mrs.) (Yugoslavia)

67

(c) Additional experts who may be nominated later by Members of th~ Association;

(4) To select, in accordance with Regulation 31 of the WMO Gener~l Regula­tions, Mr. J. Hrbek (Czechoslovakia) to serve as the' chairman of the working gr'oupi

REQUESTS:

(1) The chairman of the working group to work in close collaboration with the president of the Commission for Agricultural Meteorology;

(2) The chairman of the working group to submit progress reports at yearly intervals to the president of the Association and ~ final report not later than aix months before the ninth session of the Association.

NOTE: This resolution replaces Resolution 19 (VII-RA VI) which is no longer in force.

Res. 29 (VIII-RA VI) - CLIMATIC ATLASES

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Paragraph 4.2.11 of thegener,a1 summary of EC-XXXIII,

(2) The report to VIII-RA VI by its Rapporteur on Climatic Atlases,

CONSIDERING that there is a need for RA VI to continue its work on climatic maps for the Region, in particular as regards the preparation of an explanatory text­book for the first set of maps and of maps of the mean monthly and annual relative sunshine duration,

DECIDES:

(1) To reappoint a Rapporteur on Climatic Atlases with the following terms of reference:

,-

68 RESOLUTION 30

(a) To organize, within the World Climatic Atlas Project, the comple­tion of the second se.t of climatic maps for RA VI;

(b) To prepare the explanatory text for the first set and to draft an outline for the second set;

(c) To continue the organization of the preparation of the third set of climatic maps within RA VI, inclos.e consultation with the CCAM rapporteurs in this field, with .other -interested groups and in co-operation with the WMO Secretariat;

(2) To invite Prof. H. Schirmer (Federal Republic of Germany) to serve as Rapporteur on Climatic Atlases;

REQUESTS:

(1) The Members, who have not done so, to provide the Meteorological Service of Hungary with data and maps of relative sunshine duration;

(2) The Members to provide to the rapporteur the data required for the preparation of the explanatory text for the first set of climatic maps;

(3) The rapporteur to submit progress reports at yearly intervals to the president of the Association and a final report not later than six months before the· ninth session of the Association.

NOTE: This resolution replaces Resolution 21 (VII-RA VI) which is no longer in force.

Res. 30 (VIII-RA VI) - RAPPORTEUR ON THE CLIMATE OF THE BALTIC SEA BASIN

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING the increasing demand for exploration of climatic conditions of relatively small sea-basin areas due to the expansion of industry, intensification of shipping and off-shore activities and expansion of nuclear power plants,

CONSIDERING that a pilot study for use of small sea-basin areas would assist the Association in formulating its future studies on the climatological characteristics of small sea-basin areas in Europe,

DECIDES:

(1) To appoint a Rapporteur on the Climate of the Baltic Sea Basin with the f~llowing terms of referencei

(a) To make a review of existing works and publications on the climate of the Baltic Sea Basin and of present activities conducted in this field within different projects and organizational .tructures (e.g. Water Balance of the Baltic Sea);

(b) To develop proposals to define the climatological characteristics of the Baltic Sea area;

(c) To make proposals for organizing, especially at the technical .level, co-operation on this subject between the Services concerned;

RESOLUTION 31

(d) To carry out -the task in close consultation with the Services wishing to participate in the project;

69

(2) To invite Mr. J. Malicki (Poland) to serve as Rapporteur on the Climate of the Baltic Sed Basin;

(3) To request the rapporteur to .submit progress reports at yearly inter­vals to the president of the Association and a final report not· later than six months before the ninth session of the Association.

Res. 31 (VIII-RA VI) - RAPPORTEUR ON APPLICATIONS OF METEOROLOGY TO ENERGY PROBLEMS

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(I) Resolution 20 (VIII-RA VI) - Applications of meteorology to energy problems,

(2) Resolution 19 (Cg-VIII) - Promotion of applications of meteorology to energy problems with particular regard to solar and wind energy,

(3) Resolution 15 (EC-XXXIV) - WHO activities related to energy matters,

CONSIDERING the need for the Association to be kept informed of developments in the WHO Plan for Action in the Field of Energy Problems,·.

DECIDES:

(I) Tore-appoint a Rapporteur on Applications of Meteorology to Energy Problems with the following terms of reference;

(a) To keep under review the world-wide devel~pment of the WMO Plan of Action in the Field of Energy Problems and to identify those aspects with regional implications;

(b) To provide for surveys of meteorological information for special utilization in energy production, transport, consumption and con­servation as well as in renewable energy resources;

(c) To develop schemes for catalogues of meteorological assessments (climatological statistics) needed in energy applications;

(2) To invite Mr. J. Kolbig (German Democratic Republic) to serve as Rapporteur on Applications of Meteorology to Energy Problems;

REQUESTS the rapporteur:

(I) To keep in contact with the relevant organizdtions in the Region which are connected with the meteorological aspects of energy problems;

(2) To carry out the work in close consultation and collaboration with CCAM rapporteurs in this field;

70 RESOLUTION 32

(3) To submit to the~ president of the Association progress reports at yearly intervals and a final report not later than six months· before the ninth session of the Association~

NOTE: This resolution replaces Resolution 20 (VII-RA VI) which is no longer in force.

Res. 32 (VIlI-RA VI) WORKING GROUP ON HYDROLOGY

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) The report of its Working Group on Hydrology,

(2) Resolution 26 (Cg-VII) - WMO Operational Hydrology Programme,

(3) Re~olution 30 (Cg-VIII) - Hydrological Operational Multipurpose Sub­programme (HOMS},

(4) Resolution 31 (Cg-VIII) - Co-operation between Hydrological Services:l

(5) Resolution 32 (Cg-VIII) - Water Resources Development Programme,

(6) Resolution 8 (fC-XXXII) - Report of the sixth session of the Commission for Hydrology"

CONSIDERING that Regional Association VI plays an important and active role in the implementation of WMO regional activities in the field of hydrology and water resources~

DECIDES:

(1) To re-establish the Working Group on Hydrology with the following terms of reference:

(a) To prepare studies on specific cases of hydrological network operation based on the analysis of the information already col­lected and taking into account such factors as physiography, climate and population of the basins, and to assess the adequacy of networks of hydrological observing stations in the Region;

(b) To co-operate in the development and promotion of the Hydrological Operational Multipurpose Sub-programme (HOMS) , especially with respect to its application to particular needs of the Region~nd to evaluate the overall contribution of Members of the Region to HOMS;

(c) To identify, within the framework of the WCP, applications in the Region of knowledge of climate to activities in the field of water and, in particular,to study the possible influence on the hydrological cyole and water resources (in regional basins) of specific microclimatic and macroclimatic variations;

(d) To complete the project on comparison of methods for estimation of lake evaporation;

RESOLUTION 32 71

(e) To evaluate, at a regional level, operational hydrological models;

(f) To carry out studies concerning the implementation of hydrological projects in international river basins of the Region, in parti­cular those requiring joint actions such, as hydrological fore­casting, use of an integrated radar network, the continuous moni­toring of wat.er quality, the exchange of warnings for dangerous phenomena, etc.;

(g) To examine the regional aspects of the data information systems CARS WATER and INFOCLIMA;

(h) To work in close liaison with CHy;

(i) To provide advice to the president of RA VI on all regional questions concerning hydrology and water resources;

(2) To invite all Members in the Region to nominate ~xperts from their Meteorological and/or Hydrological Services (or equivalent organizations) to partici­pate in the work of the group and attend its meetings. The following expert.swere nominated during the eighth session:

F.Bultot (Belgium) P. Beziuski (Bulgaria) Chr. Ioannou (Cyprus) J. Hladny (Czechoslovakia) R. Lemmela (Finland) O. Chevassus (France) T. GUnther (German Democratic Republic) R. Enderlein (German Democratic Republic) H. Bartels (Mrs.) ((]ermanYI Federal Republic of) H. Kalweit (Germany, Federal Republic of) H. J. Liebscher (Germany, Federal Republic of) . A. Nianios (Greece) E. Antal (Hungary) O. Starosolszky (Hungary) J. W. Van der Made (Netherlands) B. Aune (Norway) W. P. Wingaard (Norway) W. Meyer (Poland) C. Wieckowski(Poland) S. Godinho (Portugal) M. Lovreiro (Portugal) S. Petru (Romania) J. Mira-Granada (Spain) A. Peinado (Spain) A. Forsman (Sweden) V. M. Lilo (Ukranian S.S.R.) W. S. Vulginsky (U.S.S.R.) M. Andjeli8 (Yugoslavia)

An expert to be'nominated by Israel;

(3) To designate, in accordance with Regulation 31 of the WMO General Regu­lations, Dr. A. Forsman (Sweden) as chairman of the working group and as Regional Hydrological Adviser;

72 RESOLUTION 33

REQUESTS the chairman of the wor~ing group:

(1) To designate, in consultation with the president of the Association, rapporteurs from the working group to undertake specific work on the following as­pects of the terms of reference:

(a) Hydrological networks;

(b) HOMS - regional aspects;

(c) WCP - hydrological aspects; .

(d) Operational hydrological models;

(e) Lake evaporation;

(f) Studies of hydrological projects in international river basins;

(2) To submit progress reports at yearly intervals to the president of the Association and a final report not later than six months prior to the ninth session of the Association.

NOTE: This resolution replaces Resolution 23 (VII-RA VI) which is no longer in force.

Res. 33 (VIII-RA VI) - UNDP INTER-COUNTRY PROJECTS· IN EUROPE

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING Resolution 24 (VII-RA VI) -UNDP inter-country projects in Europe,

CONSIDERING:

(1) That Meteorological and Hydrological Services need to be strengthened in order to make an effective contribution to the social and economic·development of their countries,

(2) That the application of new technologies should be furthered as much as possible by Meteorological and Hydrological Services of fhe ~ouhtries concerned,

(3) That inter-country or regional assistance-projects provide an effi­cient and effective opportunity for regional collaboratio~ to achieve the above goals,

RESOLVES that the following projects should be'organizedby'WMO with the support of UNDP:

(1) Inter-country projects involving the Members in the south-eastern part of the Region, particularly the proposals submitted to UNDP on:

(a) Regional development and applications of components of the Hydro­logical Operational Multipurpose Sub-programme (HOMS);

(b) Improvement and development of meteorological telecommunications in south-eastern Europe and the near east;

(2) The regional climatic atlas;

-I I

RESOLUTION 34 73

(3) The preparation of some special climatic maps for applied purposes;

(4) The holding of a regional~seminar on "Applications of Meteorology to Problems Related to Air Pollution in Cities and Industrialized Areas";

(5) Meteorological aspects of the exploration of renewable energy re-sources;

URGES Members to submit a formal request to UNDP, through the Resident Representative in their countries, to approve these. projects as regional projects under UNDP;

REQUESTS the Secretary-General:

(1) To assist Members .as necessary in formulating these requests for projects;

(2) To advise Members on the most appropriate time fdr making such requests, taking into account the availability of host and other facilities;

(3) To make final arrangements for -implementing the projects after they have been approved by UNDP.

NOTE: This resolution replaces Resolution 24 (VII-RA VI) which is no longer in force.

Res. 34 (VIII-RA VI) - REVISION OF PREVIOUS RESOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING paragraph 3.7.1 of the general summary of EC-IX,

CONSIDERING:

(1) That a number of its resolutions adopted before its eighth session have been re~ised and incorporated in resolutions of the eighth session,

(2) That others of its previous resolutions have been incorporated in appro­priate WMO publications or have become obsolete,

(3) That some of the previous resolutions are .still to be implemented,

(4) The action taken by the "competent bodies of.the Organization and by Members on the recommendations of RA VI adopted before the eighth session,

DECIDES:

(1) To keep in force Resolutions 25 (IV-RA VI), 25 (V-RA VI), 7 (EXT 76-RA VI), 16 and '22 (VII-RA VI);

(2) Not to keep in force the other resolutions and recommendations adopted before its eighth session;

(3) To publish the text of the resolutions kept in force in the annex* to this resolution.

* See Annex XVIII.

1-

RECOMMENDATION ADOPTED BY THE SESSION

Rec. 1 (VIII-RA VI) - SATELLITE PROGRAMMES

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(I) That satellite data have proved to be essential for weather prediction, especially for issuing warnings of hazardous weather phenomena,

(2) That satellite programmes provide essential data to the World Climate Programme,

(3) Paragraphs 77 to 90 of the World Weather Watch Plan for 1980-1983 on the composition of the space-based sub-system of the Global Observing System,

(4) The vital data collection functions performed by polar and geostationary meteorological/environmental satellites,

CONSIDERING the need to maintain at least the ongoing satellite programmes­of near-polar orbiting and geostationary meteorological/environmental satellites to ensure global satellite data coverage, as well as collection of in-situ data from fixed and mobile platforms,

URGES Members concerned:

(1) To maintain the polar-orbit_ing satellite systems consisting of two simul­taneously operated TIROS-N type (U.S.A.) and METEOR-2 type (U.S.S.R.) satellites on a continuous basis;

(2) To continue the geostationary satellite programmes at:

1400- E - operated by Japan

60 E operated by ESA - I

750

W - operated by the U.S.A.

1350

W - operated by the U.S.A.

(3) To complete, as soon as practicable, the geostationary meteorological satellite programme of the World Weather Watch by placing into orbit a.satellite' in the vicinity of 700 E;

(4) To ensure the continuity of operation of the satellite systems listed under (1) and (2) above, in order to ensure no major disruption of the availability of vital satellite data and the provision of indispensable data collection services for land, sea and aircraft platforms;

INVITES the President of WMO to approve this recommendation as a matter of urgency, in accordance with Regulation 9(5) of the WMO General Regulations.

COOE FORM:

ODAS

Part A

SECTION 0

SECTION 1

SECTION 2

SECTION 3

SECTION 4

SECTION 5

Part B

SECTION 0

SECTION 6

SECTION 7

ANN E X I

Annex to paragraph 4.2.5.B of the general summary

ODAS - REPORT OF AN OCEAN DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM

OSAA

4PPPP

9hh//

2220 v 5 5

333

4E'sss

444

555

OSBB

3x H H H w w w w

4c c c c 000 0

(0 •••• 0 ) (Albwnbnbnb)

Nddff

5appp

Os T T T n w w w

0 ....

Boooo

YVGGi w

Is TTT n

(IIiH) (99L L L

a (1 a Q L L L L ) coo 0 0

3P P P P 000 0

IP P H H 2P P H H 3d 1d ld 2d 2 wa wa wa wa w w w w w. w. w w

ls T T T n x x x

OKKKK (*)

. ( plain language ) ICE + ( or )

( c.S.b.D.z. ) ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

25 T T T n n n n

7~ •••

1 ....

3Ejjj

BNhCh h s s

Groups to be developed regionally

Groups to be developed nationclly

(O •••• D ) (A,bwnbribnb)

YYMMJ

Oz z z z 000 0

YVGG/

OGGgg

1T T T T o 0 0 0

(IIiii (99L L L

a a a

11 1 1 1 a a a a

2S S S S o 0 0 0

QLLLL) coo 0 0

21 1 1 1 000 0

3/d d d 000

,--

76

SECTION 7 (contd.)

4c, cl c1 c1

SECTION 8 88B'1k5

SECTION 9 999

SECTION 10

SECTION 11

(* To be included if

Notes:

Ogggg

ANNEX I

IN N N N o 0 0 0

Reserv~d for spectral data ---

Code groups to be developed

2N N N N w w w w

7H H H H s s -s, s,

regionally

Code groups to be developed nationally

agreed regionally for FM12 and FM13)

3H JH J H lH J c - c c c

8/t t t z z z

(1) ODAS is, the name of the code for repor:ting meteorological and oceonographical data from an ocean data acquisition system.

(2) An ODAS report from a station using IIiii as a location indicator is identified by the symbolic letters 00 in Section O.

(3) An ODAS report from a station using latitude and longitude co-ordinates is identi fied by the symbolic letters CS in Section 0,.

(4) The code form consists of two parts as follows:

Part Identifier letters Contents

A AA Meteorological data

BB Oceanographical data

Each part can be transmitted separately.

(5) The code form is divided into a number of sections as follows:

Section number

o

1

2

3

4

5

6

Indicator figures or symbolic figure groups

222

333

444

555

666

Contents

Data 'for reporting identification (type, identifier, date, time and location)

Meteorological data

Mari time data

Dcita for regional exchange are common to Section 3 of the FM 13:..VII SHIP code form.

Reserved for regional decision

(Groups to be developed nationally)

ODAS type, additional position and time data, water-level data

Section number

ANNEX I

Indicator figures or symbolic figure groups

77

Contents

7 77 Temperature, salinity and current data at selected and/or significant depths

8 888 Statistical wave data

9 999 Spectral wave data'

10 .- Data for regional groups

11 Data for national groups

REGULATIONS :

xx.l General

xx.l.l The code name ODAS shall not appear as a prefix to each individual report.

xx.1.2 The code name ODAS shall be included as the first line of the text of a bulletin of ODAS reports. Individual ODAS reports in the bulletin shall not contciin the code name ODAS.

xx.l.3 Part A shall contain meteorological data.

xx.I.3.l Observation reports from an ocean data acquisition system shall always in­clude Section o and the maximum number of data groups from Sections 1, 2 and 3.

xx.l.4 Part B shall contain oceanographical data.

xx.l.4.1 Observation reports from an ocean data acquisition system shall always in­clude Section o and the maximum number of data groups from Sections 6, 7, 8 and 9.

xx.l,5

xx.2

? • xx.£...~

Other than in Section 0 and the first two groups of Section· 1, all groups which do not convey information (including sectional indicators) shall be omitted.

Part A

Section 0 - Data for reporting identification (type, identifier, data, time and location)

xx.:2.l.l Group Albwnbnbnb shall be included only when the ODAS is a fixed or

drifting buoy.

xx.2.1.2 In the case of drifting buoys, 500 shall be added to the original nbnbnb number.

xx.2.2 Section I - Meteorological data

xx.2.2.l Regulation 12.2 shall apply where appropriate.

xx.2.3 Section 2 - Maritime data

xx.2.3.l Regulations 12.3.1, 12.3.2, 12.3.3 and 12.3.4 shall apply where appropriate.

78 ANNEX I·

xx.3 Part B

xx.3.1 Section 0

xx.3.l.1 Regulation xx.2.1 shall apply.

xx.3.2 Section 6 -~ -

xx.3.2.1 Groups 11 1 11 and 21 III may be used to give a more precise position __ .aaaa, 0000

than in Section O. ,.

xx.3.3 Section 7

xx.3.3.1 ~hen the ~eas~r~ment ~f one of the eleme~ts at a particular depth is not available, the corresponding group shall be omitted from the repor.t(

xx.3.3.2 The group 00000 shall be included only when the data at the.low~s;t depth,_ which are reported in the groups of the section, are actuall~rt~e bottom' layer data.

xx.3.4 Section 8

xx.3.4.1 When the measurement of the wave height is not available, the corresponding group shall be omitted from the report.

xx.3.5 Section 9

xx.3.5.1 Inclusion of groups of Section 9 for reporting spectral wave data has yet to be agreed.

xx.3.6 Section 10

xx.3.6.1 Inclusion of groups of Section 10 shall be determined by regional decision.

xx.3.7 Section 11

xx.3.7.1 Inclusion of groups of Section 11 shall be determiaed by national decision.

Additional specifications required for the WMO Manual on Codes, WMO-Nb~ 306/ Vol. 2, should the above ODAS code be adopted.

B - MEANING OF SYMBOLIC WORDS AND GROUPS FOR REGIONAL USE

a. List of symbolic words and letter groups.

ODAS Report from an ocean data acquisition system

b. List of symbolic figures and figure groups

666 ODAS type, additional position and time data, and water-level data follow (RF 6-XX)

77 Temperature, salinity and current data at observed and/or significant depths follow (RF 6-XX)

ANNEX I 79

-888 Statistical wave data follow (RF 6-XX)

999 Statistical wave data follow (RF 6-XX)

C - SPECIFICATION OF SYMBOLIC LETTERS (or groups of letters) FOR REGIONAL USE

c c c c o 0 0 0

c1c1c1c1

c c c c n n n n

d d d n nn

9999

H H H www

H H H H s s s s

KKKK

1 1 1 1 a a a a

1 1 1 1 o 0 0 0

Speed of the current, in centimetres per second, at observed or significant depths, starting with sea surface (RF 6-XX)

True direction, in degrees, towards which sea current at obser­ved or significant depths, starting with sea surface, is moving (RF 6-XX)

Type of ODAS (code table 1172) (RF 6-XX)

Time, in seconds, of record duration (RF 6-XX) Difference of height, in centimetres, between mean sea level (msl) and the actual water mean level Note: The msl and averaging period must be specified for each

station. (RF 6-XX) Height of the highest wave peak, in centimetres, above datum (RF 6-XX)

Height of the second highest wave peak, in centimetres, above datum (RF 6-XX) Significant wave height, in centimetres (RF 6-XX)

Depth of the lowest wave trough, in centimetE'es, below datum (RF 6-XX)

Depth of the second lowest wave trough, in centimetres, below datum (RF 6-XX)

Amount of solar global radiation, in watt hours per square metre, over the hour preceding and ending with the hour of observation (RF 6-XX)

Time of commencement of collection of statistical data (code table 2266) (RF 6-XX) Lati tude, Section 0 (RF 6-XX) . Longitude, Section 0 (RF 6-XX)

in hundredths of minutes, as defined by L L L in a a a

in hundredths of minutes, as defined by L L L in 000

, ~-------------------------------

80

M

NNNN o 0 0 0

NNNN wwww

t t t zzz

x w

ANNEX· I

Method of data analysis (code table 2500) . (RF 6-XX)

Number of zero crossings of wave train in measurement interval (RF 6-XX)

Number of wave crests in measurement interval (RF 6-XX) Period of significant wave, in tenths of a second (RF 6-XX) Sign of variation in tide level (code table 4823) (RF 6-XX)

o - SPECIFICATION OF CODE FIGURES (code tables) FOR REGIONAL USE

FbFb - Type of ODAS

'·.Code figure

11

12

13

22

33

44

1172

Anchored surface buoy

Drifting surface buoy

Submerged buoy

Lighthouse

Fixed tower

Oil or gas platform

2266

k5 - Time of commencement of collection of statistical data

.:Code figpre

o

2

3

4

5

6

7

. No statistical

Data collection

" .. II II·

.. "

.. "

.. II

.. "

data available

commences at GG

" .. GG-IO

II II GG-15

.. .. GG-20

.. " GG-30

" .. GG-40

" " GG-45

Code figure

ANNEX I

8 Data collection commences at GG-50

9 " "

M - Method of analysis

Code figure

o Manual from chart

" " GG-60

2500

1 Automatic from digital time history

2 " II

x - Sign of variation in tide level w

Code figure

analogue

4823

o Positive or zero

1 Negative

" "

81

ANNEX II

Annex to paragraph 6.2.2 of the general summary

OUTLINE FOR THE EXPLANATORY TEXT REGARDING THE FIRST VOLUME OF.THE CLIMATIC ATLAS' OF EUROPE

Set 1: Temperature and precipitation

Foreword

1& Introduction

1.1 Climatic atlases of different regions and countries (structure, purpose and aims)

1.2 Data basis

2.. Climate

2.1 Defini Hons

2.2 Air flow conditions and weather sequences

2.3 Climatic structure

3. Temperature

3.1 General remarks

3.1.1 Measurement of temperature Installation, instruments, accu,racy, times of observation, network density

3.1.2 Procedures for the calculation of daily and monthly means

3.2 Daily mean of air temperature

3.2.1 Average daily mean of air temperature for the months and the year

3.2.2 Mean annual range of monthly values (hottest minus coldest month)

3.2.3 Frequency distribution of monthly mean values

3.2.4 Highest and lowest monthly mean values

3.2.5 Frequency distribution of the daily means

3.2.6 Highest and lowest values of the daily means for the months

3.2.7 Application of results:

4. Precipitation

Heating, air-conditioning, energy, man, engineering, agriculture, forestry, etc.

4.1 General remarks

4.1.1 Measurement of precipitation Installation, instruments, accuracy, times of observation, network, assignmel'lt

ANNEX II

4.2 Amount of precipitation

4.2.1 Average monthly and annual amount of precipitation

4.2.2 Average annual range of precipitation

83

4.2.3 Frequency distribution of monthly and annual amount of precipitation

4.2.4 Highest and lowest monthly and annual amount of precipitation

4.2.5 Information regarding available data of area precipitation (river basins)

4.2.6 Application of results: Hydrology, agriculture, etc.

Appendix

I List of tables on temperature (T)

T 1 Frequency distribution (number of cases) of monthly values of air temperature (oC)

Remarks: At least one station per country for the period 1931-1960. If possible for the whole of Region VI: in addition some stations with periods of 90 or 100 years. Reference: Chapter 3.2.3

T 2 Highest and lowest monthly mean values of air temperature (oC)

Remarks: The same as T 1 Reference: Chapter 3.2.4

T 3 Frequency distribution (number of cases) of daily means of air temperature for the months and the year

Remarks: The same as Table T I Reference: Chapter 3.2.5

T 4 Highest and lowest daily means of air temperature (oC) for the months

Remarks: The same as Table T 1 Reference: Chapter 3.2.6

II List of tables on precipitation (P)

P I Average monthly amount of precipitation in per cent of the average annual amount

Remarks: Selection of stations with typical annual range and variations of precipitation (percentage) by Members (see example) Period: 1931-1960 (corresponding to the climatic maps in the atlas) Reference: Chapter 4.2.2

P 2 Frequency distribution (number of cases) of the monthly and annual amount of precipitation

Remarks: The proposed logarithmic index scale is used in the attached example. If possible (topography) not more than five stations per country Period: 1931-1960 Reference: Chapter 4.2.3

P 3 Highest and lowest monthly and annual amount of precipitation (mm)

Remarks: The same stations and period as in Table P 2

84 ANNEX II

If possible for the whole of Region VI: in addition some stations with periods of 90 or 100 years (see remarks to Table T 1) Reference: Chapter 4.2.4

P 4 Average monthly amount of area precipitation (mm) for specific river basins

Remarks: Examples for some specific river basins with available data Period: 1931-1960 Eventually individual time series (1931 to 1960) for these river basins Reference: Chapter 4.2.5

Additional remarks

Attached to this annex are the tables required by the Members for the preparation of the textbook. Apart from this, further material is necessary for the preparation in order to avoid time-consuming and, up to now, insufficient studies of the literature by the person preparing the textbook, so that all concrete explanations of the text are based on the information provided by the Members.

Before dealing with the different chapters, attention has to be drawn to the fact that in the tables of the air temperature and the precipitation purposely no para­meters have been included for which maps should be prepared within the World Climate Atlas project (e.g. number of days with precipitation).

re 2.2:

re 2.3:

re 3.1.1:

re 3.1.2:

re 3.2.1:

re 3.2.7:

On the basis of the available mean monthly pressure distribution. and the currents having effect on the weather emphasis shall be given to the typical weather sequences which influence, in the first place, air temperature and precipitation. The corresponding area may go beyond the borders of the different countries. Members are asked to provide information on relevant publications or copies of brief ' descriptions.

A brief description of the essential features of the climate of Europe for the purposes of the user is envisaged.

For this item concrete information from the Members is required. Copies of corresponding publications, etc. will be sufficient.

The Members will require the procedures for the computation of the daily and monthly means. As far as available, the results of the computation$ of the differences from the actual daily mean (based on data of 24 hours) should be. provided.

The mean values have already been provided by Members. If data are still required for the tables to the 13 maps of the air temperature, they will be requested separately. Apart from this, it would be interesting to compare the mean values of 1951-1980 with those of 1931-1960 of a selected number of stations, in order to update the maps of the atlas. For this purpose it would be necessary to have mean values of the air temperature of 1951-1980 of selected stations.

Members are asked to provide examples on the application for users of the parameters mentioned under 3.2.1 to 3.2.6, as the conditions in the countries vary considerably due to different reasons. Copies of any relevant publications will be sufficient. The catalogue of applications is not complete and may be extended. Suggestions and proposals on this chapter are especially welcome and important.

re 4.1.1:

re 4.2.1:

re 4.2.6:

ANNEX II 85

Members are asked for concrete information. Copies of publications etc. will suffice. The assignment of the daily precipitation re­cording should not be forgotten: referring to the day of measurement or the preceding day.

As this chapter will also deal with the errors of precipitation recordings, comments of the RA VI Working Group on Hydrology are required on the correction of the precipitation measurements.

Analogous to 3.2.1, data for the 13 m~ps of precipitation might be requested separately. In this case mean values of the period 1951-1980 from selected stations should be provided too.

Analogous to 3.2.7, this chapter is of special significance for the readers. For this reason all Members are asked to provide infor­mation on present applications or future possibilities (copies of publications etc. will suffice). In chapters 3.2.7 and 4.2.6 one wishes to demonstrate the great benefit governments and national economies may derive from the work of Meteorological Services, in this special case of the climatological service.

TABLE T 1

Fre9uenc~ distribution (number of cases) of monthlx values of air tem~erature (oC)

Period: 1931 - 1960

(Station: Aachen, Federal Republic of Germany;

Elevation: 202 m above msl)

Intervals in °c Jan. Feb o Mar. Apr, May. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Novo Deco

-8·.0 to -6.1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

~6.0 to -4.1 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

-4.0 to -201 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

-2.0 to -0.1 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2

0.0 to 1.9 8 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7

2.0 to 3.9 9 9 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 8

4.0 to 5.9 7 9 12 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 10

6.0 to 7.9 0 1 7 8 0 0 0 0 0 2 11 2

8.0 to 9.9 0 0 4 10 1 0 0 0 0 15 4 0

10.0 to 1l.9 0 0 0 10 6 0 0 0 2 11 0 0

12.0 to 13.9 0 0 0 0 18 1 0 0 6 2 0 0

14.0 to 15.9 0 0 0 0 4 12 2 5 18 0 0 0

16.0 to 17.9 0 0 0 0 1 15 15 19 2 0 0 0

18.0 to 19.9 0 0 0 0 0 2 12 4 2 0 0 0

20.0 to 2L9 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0

86 ANNEX II

TABLE T 2

H" h t d 1 t thl 1 f" t (oC) ~g es an owes mon y mean va ues 0 a~r emperature_

Value Year

Highest value

Year

Lowest value

Year

Period: 1931 - 1960

(Station: Aachen, Federal Republic of Germany,

Elevation: 202 m above msl)

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept.

508 6.2 904 1109 1601 18.9 20.1 20.9 1802

1948 1945 1957 1949 1947 1950 1947 1947 1949

-5.0 -7-4 2.2 5.6 9.6 12.9 14.6 14.3 10.5

1940 1956 1958 1938 1941 1956 1954 1956 1952

TABLE T 3

Oct.

12.4

1942

7.7

1936

Novo Dec.

9.1 7.6

1938 1934

3.0 -2.9

1952 1933

Frequency distribution (number of cases) of daily means of air temperature (oC)

for the months and the year

Intervals in °c

-16.0 to -17.9 -14.0 to -15.9 -12.0 to -13.9 -10.0 to -11. 9 - 8.0 to - 9.9 - 6 0 0 to - 7.9 - 4.0 to - 5.9 - 2.0 to -·3.9 - 0.1 to - 1. 9

0.0 to 1.9 200 to 3.9 4.0 to 5.9 6.0 to 7.9 8.0 to 9.9

10.0 to 11.9 12.0 to 13.9 14.0 to 15.9 16.0 to 17.9 18.0 to 19.9 20.0 to 2109 22.0 to 23.9 2400 to 25.9 26.0 to 27.9 28.0 to 29.9

Sum

Period: 1931 - 1960

(Station: Aachen, Federal Republic of Germany,

Elevation: 202 m above msl)

Jan. Febo Mar. Apr. May June July Augo Sept. Oct. Nov.

1 1 3 4

10 9 21 17 42 20 2 55 42 2 1 67 74 22 1 5

105 93 71 3 3 40. 141 106 99 15 1 14 71 153 154 153 67 5 42 134 133 133 144 135 28 3 81 192 124 103 117 176 63 1 17 97 187

53 66 164 176 117 23 2 74 174 148 21 21 103 132 179 88 12 19 113 224 72 1 3 45 88 176 194 90 107 184 175 39

2 6 53 156 186 211 229 205 92 11 1 43 III 152 241 223 151 19

8 45 102 169 179 91 9 4 29 91 107 94 42

13 36 53 51 16 5 22 36 19 4 2 4 8 5

1 3 2

930 848 930 900 930 900 930 930 900 930 900

Dec. Year

2 1 8 6 25 9 47

18 82 19 119 67 237 95 410

144 591 156 863 161 1010 122 1007

85 1082 39 1023

7 1109 1 1152

941 603 367 169

86 19

6

930 10958

ANNEX II 87

TABLE T 4

Highest and lowest daily means of air temperature (oC) for the months

Value

Period: 1931 - 1960

(Station: Aachen, Federal Republic of Germany;

Elevation: 202 m above msl)

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Novo Dec.

Highest value 12.0 15.2 16.8 21.0 27.1 28.4 2806 28.8 25.8 19.2 15.5 12.8

Lowest value -14.8 -15.6 -7.0 0.6 1.7 608 10.4 9.1 5.3 -2.0 -4.2 -13.5

TABLE P 1

Average monthly amount of precipitation in per cent of the average annual amount

Period: 1931 - 1960

(Country: Federal Republic of Germany)

Station m Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. above msl

Schleswig 43 8.5 6.8 5.1 6.6 6.9 7.0 10.8 11.9 10.0 1004 8.1 7.9

Braunlage 607 10.3 9.3 6.3 6.7 6.3 7.7 10.0 8.3 708 8.8 9.2 9.3

Karlsruhe 114 807 7.4 5.6 7.7 8.7 11.0 10.0 10.5 8.7 7.4 7.5 6.8

Feldburg/Schw. 1486 9.4 8.9 6.7 6.4 7.3 905 9.5 9.8 8.5 8.3 8.8 6.9

Passau 409 7.9 7.6 5.5 6.4 8.5 11.3 13.3 1009 7.5 7.2 6.5 7.4

MUnchen 520 6.1 5.7 5.3 6.6 11.5 12.5 14.7 10.9 8.9 7.0 5.9 4.9

00 00

TABLE P 2

Freguenc~ distribution (number of cases~ of the month1~ and annual amount of erecieitation

Period: 1931 - 1960

(Station: Aachen, Federal Republic of Germany;

Elevation: 202 m abol({e ms1)

Intervals (mm) Jan o Feb o Maro Apr. May June July Augo Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Intervals (mm) Year

400 to 409 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O· 0 50000 to 54909 1

5.0 to 5.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 550.0 to 59909 0

600 to 709 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 600.0 to 699.9 3

800 to 9.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 700.0 to 799.9 12 » z 1D.0 to 11.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 800.0 to 89909 7 z

1"11 ><

12.0 to 1509 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 900,0 to 999.9 5 1-1 1-1

1600 to 19.9 0 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1000.0 to 109909 1

2000 to 24.9 1 1 0 4 0 1 2 0 1 1 2 0

25.0 to 31.9 2 2 3 1 1 0 1 0 0 2 4 1

32.0 to 39.9 1 5 8 4 4 1 3 2 4 4 0 1

4000 to 49 09 3 4 1 3 4 3 3 2 7 3 5 5

50.0 to 59.9 5 3 8 2 4 4 5 7 1 3 5 7

6000 to 79 09 7 4 3 7 7 9 3 6 9 2 5 9

80 00 to 99 09 7 2 3 4 3 4 4 2 2 5 2 5

1010 00 to 124.9 1 2 1 2 6 6 5 6 3 4 3 0

12500 to 15909 3 2 0 2 0 2 4 3 1 2 2 1

161000 to 19909 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0

ANNEX II 89

Logarithmic scale for Table P 2

Month Year Year Intervals (mm) Intervals (mm) Intervals (mm) Nb prec. No prec •. No prec.

0.0 to 0.9 0.0 to 0.9 160.0 to 179.9 1.0 to 1.9 1.0 to 1.9 180.0 to 199.9 2.0 to 2.9 2.0 to 2.9 200.0 to 224.9 3.0 ·to 3.9 3.0 to 3.9 225.0 to 249.9 4.0 to 4.9 4.0 to 4.9 250.0 to 279.9 5.0 to 5.9 5.0 to 5.9 _280.0 to 319.9 6.0 to 7.9 6.0 to 6.9 320.0 to 359.9 8.0 to 9.9 7.0 to 7.9 360.0 to 399.9

10.0 to 11.9 8.0 to 8.9 400.0 to 449 0 9 12.0 to 15.9 9.0 to 9.9 450~0 to 499.9 16.0 to 19.9 10.0 to 10.9 500.0 to 549.9 20.0 to 24.9 11.0 to 11.9 550.0 to 599.9 25.0 to 31.9 12.0 to 13.9 600.0 to 699.9 32.0 to 39.9 14.0 to 15.9 700.0 to 799.9 40.0 to 49.9 16.0 to 17.9 800.0 to 899.9 50.0 to 59.9 18.0 to 19.9 900.0 to 999.9 60.0 to 79.9 20.0 to 21.9 1000.0 to 1099.9 80.0 to 99.9 22.0 to 24.9 1100.0 to 1249.9

100.0 to 124.9 25.0 to 27.9 1250.0 to 1399.9 125.0 to 159.9 28.0 to . 31.9 1400.0 to 1599.9 160.0 to 199.9 32.0 to 35.9 1600.0 to 1799.9 200.0 to 249.9 36.0 to 39.9 1800.0 to 1999.9 250.0 to 319.9 40.0 to 44.9 2000.0 to 2249.9 320.0 to 399.9 45.0 to 49.9 2250.0 to 2499.9 400.0 to 499.9 50.0 to 54.9 2500.0 to 2799.9

. 500.0 to 599.9 55.0 to 59.9 2800.0 to 3199.9 600.0 to 799.9 60.0 to 69.9 3200.0 to 3599.9 800.0 to 999.9 70.0 to 79.9 3600.0 to 3999.9

1000.0 to 1249.9 80.0 to 89.9 4000.0 to 4499.9 1250.0 to 1599.9 90.0 to 99.9 4500.0 to 4999.9 1600.0 to 1999.9 100.0 to 109.9 5000.0 to 5699.9 2000 0 0 to 2499.9 110.0 to 124.9 5700.0 to 6399.9 2500.0 to 3199.9 125.0 to 139.9 6400.0 and more 3200.0 to 3999.9 140.0 to 159.9 4000.0 to 4999.9 5000.0 to 6394.9 6400.0 and more' 0 ••

'" TABLE P 3 0

Highest and lowest month1~ and annual amount of ~reci~itation (mm)

Period: 1931- 1960

(Station: Aachen, Federal Republic of Germany;

Elevation: 202 m above ms1)

Value Jan. Feb. .: Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. .Dec. Year Year

Highest value 14008 16203. 11405 158 02 118.2 140 0 5 15406 168.1 16502 139.6 163.1 12707 1007.7

Y,ear 1948 1946 1947 1935 1933 1936 1948 1941 1957 1932 1952 1947 1952

L'Dwest value 23.7 4.6 16.2 18.4 7.2 22.5 22.9 11.2 5.5 7.7 503 9.2 53409

Y,ear 1933 1959 1936 1957 1939 1938 1941 1947 1959 1951 1953 1933 1959 » z Z rn X

TABLE P 4 (1) 1-1 H

Average month1~ amount of area ~reci~itation ~mm)

for s~ecific river basins

Period: 1931 - 1960

(Country: Federal Republic of Germany)

River basin km2

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Septo Octo Nov. Deco Year

Lech 4126 96 91 84 87 136 172 192 162 131 94 82 72 1399

Isar 8964 77 70 69 76 116 149 166 134 104 81 67 64 1172

Iller 2152 103 92 89 91 134 173 183 160 137 102 91 80 1435

AltmUh1 3256 55 50 42 46 65 86 99 75 60 55 49 47 727

Naab 55,08 60 56 45 49 65 84 101 78 61 59 54 57 769

ANNEX II

TABLE P 4 (2)

Actual monthly and annual amount of area precipitation (mm)

for the years 1931 to 1960 2 (Lech, whole area, 4126 km ;

Federal Republic of Germany)

91

Year Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Septo Oct. Nov. Dec. Total

1931 121

1932 84

. 1933 68

1934 73

1935 89

1936 165

1937 81

1938 139

1939 59

1940 66

1941 93

1942 96

1943 69

1944 101

1945 78

1946 59

1947 74

1948 136

1949 70

1950 81

1951 158

1952 96

1953 43

1954 120

1955 138

1956 121

1957 56

1958 108

1959 137

1960 100

93

23

76

14

185

86

163

52

38

95

72

60

59

129

109

144

54

129

38

85

105

120

67

48

159

42

159

224

19

81

112

84

52

58

78

43

90

55

170

115

84

71

50

137

126

34

126

80

71

43

123

140

25

47

63

114

79

84

64

99

10·3 131 153 206

81 142 130 298

84 270 192 176

27 44 209 176

150 173 124 127

108 136 266 219

117 86 205 109

72 126 146 176

51 272 132 190

57 257 137 195

94 149 110 226

81 120 152 176

95 93 203 139

98 89 200 219

118 109 133 114

32 156 173 294

56 90 133 166

44 104 252 240

91 250 103 102

141 53 92 156

43 106 203 211

54 98 131 70

130 138 199 245

101 135 144 282

III 144 161 296

85 140 234 188

95 108 225 252

115 83 171 189

87 139 214 139

90 138 233 183

229 144

135 112

III 103

228 160

155 88

159 192

229 221

242 112

139 210

204 244

240 98

118 84

65 149

150 197

150 185

119 93

48 37

184 93

176 78

212 167

149 92

119 185

92 61

181 211

114 137

238 97

206 128

101 104

142 39

224 110

92

135

129

102

170

110

79

76

220

61

182

80

1

112

79

87

33

49

35

45

12

148

48

116

74

156

23

166

67

133

33

89

73

32

51

47

71

32

123

127

97

70

67

239

49

43

246

45

77

181

94

185

23

45

29

71

32

57

57

77

64 1476

20 1342

44 1388

60 1185

101 1487

71 1607

73 1521

54 1283

96 1717

90 1654

57 1457

33 1142

48 1044

80 1745

130 1371

67 1309

123 1185

29 1377

126 1228

37 1288

55 1350

103 1444

42 1123

119 1558

125 1549

45 1537

32 1394

97 1491

64 1175

74 1543

ANN EX III

Annex to paragraph 6.2.5 of the general summary

LIST OF MAPS FOR THE THIRD SET OF CLIMATIC MAPS IN REGION VI

1. Average monthly and annual wind speed (m s-l) with windroses (13 maps). Scale 1:10 M. A selected number of stations with windroses will be printed into the map of the average wind speed.

2. Average number of days with precipitation equal to or more than 1.0 mm : year, four seasons (five maps).

Isolines: Year Seasons

Scale: Year Seasons

5, 10, 15, 20, 35, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250, 300 days. 3, 6, 10, 15, 22, 30, 37, 4S;-60, 75 days.---

1:10 M (one sheet) 1:20 M (two sheets)

Remark: Only the underlined values are mentioned in the Guide to Clima­tological Practices. For the purpose of RA VI, it is proposed to take into consideration all the values indicated above.

3. Average number of days with precipitation equal to or more than 10.0 mm year, four seasons (five maps).

Isolines: Year 5, 10, 15, 20, 35, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 200 days. Seasons 3, ~ 10, l~ 22, 3~ 37, 4S;-60, 75 days.---

Scale: Year 1:10 M (one sheet) Seasons 1:20 M (two sheets)

(Underlined values: the same remark as for days with precipitation equal to or more than 1.0 mm.)

Remark: Contrary to the guidance given in the Guide to Climatological Practices, it is proposed to provide with layer tints the maps with the number of days with precipitation equal to or more than 1.0 mm and 10.0 mm.

4. Average values of highest 24-hours precipitation amounts for the year (one map). Scale: 1:10 M.

Isolines with values of 10, 25, 50, 75, 100~ 150, 300 mm.

General remarks:

Period 1. Precipitation: 1931 - 1960 2. Wind speed: still to be clarified (problem of

sufficient data).

Volume of the third set: 24 maps on 20 sheets.

ANN E X IV

Annex to paragraph 6.2.9 of the general summary

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PREPARATION OF DATA TO BE PRINTED IN THE WORLD WEATHER RECORDS, 1971 - 1980

1. Checking of data as regards their accuracy (quality control) and homogeneity is to be made by the originating country.

2. Together with the data the appropriate accompanying text should be submitted ("station notes", for example, see World Weather Records, 1951 - 1960, Volume II, Europe) •

3. Magnetic tapes shall be prepared as follows:

Density (bpi) 556 or 800 or 1600 Mode BCD EBCDIC EBCDIC or ASCII Blocking 80/800* 80/800* 80/800* Number of tracks 7 9 9 Parity even odd odd

* Blocked ten records per block

NOTES: (1) Tapes shall contain no tape marks except two END OF FILES (EOFs) at the end of data on each tape~

(2) Record length shall be 80 characters.

4. The format of the first record of the data from each station is as follows:

Character No.

1-2

3-7

8

9-12

13

14-18

19

20-43

44-67

Contents

15

I~ternational station number

1

Geographical latitude in degrees and minutes

N

Geographical longitude in degrees and minutes, right justified and zero filed

E or W for longitude east or west as appropriate

Name of country (English, left justified)

Name of station (English, left justified)

Comments

See WMO Publication No.9, Volume A

e.g. 5234

e.g. 00534

94

Character No.

68-72

73-78

79-80 -

ANNEX IV

Contents

Height of station in m (right justified)

Height of barometer in tenths of metres (right justified)

Not used

Comments

If value is below NN Character 68 is - (minus)

If value is below NN Character 73 is - (minus)

5. The format of the second and the following records (see paragraph 6 below) of the data from each station is as follows:

Character No. Contents Comments

1-2

3-7

8

9-12

13

14-18 19-23

II

II

II

II

69-73 74-78

79-80

15

International station number

Code figure for element

Year

Code figure for MEAN or CLINO values

Value for January ~ Value for February

II

II

II

II

Value for December Value for year

Not used

See WMO Publication No.9, Volume A

See paragraph 7 below

See comments to Character No. 13

See paragraph 8 below

The coded element and period (one single year, MEAN or CLINO) are specified by Characters Nos. 8, 9-12 and 13, respectively

The coded element and period (one single year, MEAN or CLINO) are specified by Characters Nos. 8, 9-12 and 13, respectively

6. Starting with the sec-ond record the data from each station shall consist for each of the four elements of:

(a) Ten records for values for each of the years 1971 to 1980;

(b) One record for the mean value of the decade 1971 to 1980;

(c) If available, one record for the climatological normal (CLINO).

ANNEX IV 95

7. The code figures for the elements (Character No.8) are as follows:

Code figure Specification Comments

2

3

4

5

Mean pressure at station See Notes (1) and (2) in tenths of a hectopascal

Mean pressure reduced to See Notes (1) and (2) mean sea-level in tenths of a hectopascal

Mean air temperature in See Notes (1), (2) and (3) tenths of a degree Celsius

Total amount of precipit- See Notes (1), (2) and (4) ation in tenths of a millimetre

NOTES: (1) In case of missing data the corresponding field(s) shall be coded (blank) e.g. if data for a whole year are missing, Characters Nos. 14-78 each shall be coded (blank).

(2) The values (Characters Nos. 14~78) shall be right justified. If the tenth figure of a value is not available, the corresponding character shall be coded 0 (zero).

(3) If the mean temperature is negative, the first character of the corres­ponding field shall be coded - (minus)o

(4) If the total amount of precipitation is zero, the fourth character of the corresponding field shall be coded 0 (zero). If the total amount of precipitation is greater than zero but smaller than one-half tenth ofa millimetre, both the fourth and the fifth character of the correspond­ing field shall be coded'O (zero).

8. (a) If the record contains data of one year of the decade, Character No. 13 shall be coded (blank) and the year shall be coded in Characters Nos. 9-12.

(b) If the record contains mean values of pressure or temperature or total amounts of precipitation of the decade 1971 - 1980 (MEAN), Character No. 13 shall be coded 1 (one) and Characters Nos. 9-12 shall be coded 1980. .

(c) If the record contains climatological normals (CLINO), Character No. 13 shall be coded 2 and Characters Nos. 9-12 shall be coded 1980. CLINO reports refer to the period 1931 - 1960.

9. For punched cards the formats given in paragraphs 4 and 5 above shall be used. Lists of data should be adapted to the formats given in paragraphs 4 and 5 above, so that they may be used as an original record for the terminal input.

10. The data for inclusion in the 1971 - 1980 issue of World Weather Records should be submitted to the following address:

Deutscher Wetterdienst Zentralamt, Abteilung Klimatologie Frankfurter Strasse 135 0-6050 Offenback Federal Republic of Germany

ANN E X V

Annex to paragraph 6.2.13 (a) of the general summary

SURVEY OF METEOROLQGICAL INFORMATION FOR ENERGY MANAGEMENT*

I. Energy production§

Thermal plants Hydroelectric power stations Nuclear power plants

II. Utilization of renewable energy sources

A. Wind§ B. Solar radiation

III. Energy transport

A. Electric power transmission networks B. Transportation

Ship transport Land-based transport Pipelines

IV. Energy consumption and conservation

Demand Buildings Human settlements

The CIB Working Commission on "Collection and presentation of climatological information for the building industry" had prepared at the turn of the 60s to the 70s the first widely circulated survey tables published in Report No. 15 "Survey . of meteorological information for architecture and building" (W. Boer, Meteorological Service, Potsdam, German Democratic Republic, and R. E. Lacy, Building Research Station, Garston, U.K.).

Such surveys of the required meteorological evaluations have in subsequent years been continued in the catalogues of meteorological evaluations and in the published handbooks. The various branches of the national economies are increasingly making use of meteorological servicing supplied by the Hydrometeorological and Meteoro­logical Service, in the process of which we can recognize that - in spite of the . hitherto development of the basic material for meteorological servicing and related methods - the importance of the surveys has not decreased. This quick-reference material today still plays its role in meteorological servicing.

* Compiled by Joachim Kolbig, Meteorological Service of the German Democratic Republic in connexion with the WMO RA VI Report, Applications of meteorology to energy pro­lems (1982)

§ Only these two-way matrices are reproduced in the appendix·

ANNEX V 97

As may be seen in the various tables contained in the Technical Notes on energy, the more recent surveys are expected to supply not only alternative information, but specific answers on what types of meteorological performance are required (climato­logical statistics and/or weather forecasts). At the same time, it must be shown what types of meteorological parameter are needed, what type of evaluation and (if feasible) what type of presentation are most useful.

The available surveys describe the present state of affairs of a large range of tasks in meteorological servicing. The surveys, data and evaluation catalogues, data handbooks, and the supplementary material for information on useful modes of presenta­tion, available stations and their representativity provide today a reasonable service and, largely, even now an anonymous communication between the engineer and the meteor­ologist. These tools are the basis of the co-operation between the engineer and the meteorologist concerning new problems in order to contribute to the clarification of the interrelationship between the meteorological environment and technical objects and/or processes.

If we review the great number of questions asked by enginners we l~arn that many of them refer to one and the same type of information to be used for technologi­cal solutions; such surveys are still increasing and are growing much more quickly than the volume of climatological statistics because, in a sense, they represent a kind of documentation of questions put to meteorology.

From such experiments we learn that -in spite of the rapid growth of the re­quirements to be satisified by meteorology - such requirements can even in future be met provided a reasonable and efficient methodology is applied in future.

*

* *

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ANN E X VI

Annex to Resolution 1 (VIII-RA VI)

MANUAL ON THE GLOBAL OBSERVING SYSTEM, VOLUME II -

REGIONAL ASPECTS, REGION VI (EUROPE)

Regional basic synoptic network of surface and upper-air observing stations

~~~~~~~!~~~_~i_!~~_~~~~~~~!_~~~~~_~~~~~!~:_~~!~~~~

1.1.1 The regional basic synoptic network of surface and upper-air observing stations has been adopted by a resolution of the Association.

1.1.2 Manned surface land stations included in the regional basic synoptic network shall conform to the specifications laid down for principal land stations in Volume I of the Manual on the Global Observing System.

1.2

All surface stations included in the regional basic synoptic network ~ ~ should make surface observations at the four main standard times of observation, i.e. 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 GMT, and at the four intermediate standard times of obser­vation, i.e. 0300, 0900, 1500 and 2100 GMT. Any surface station unable to carry out the full observational programme should give priority to making observations at the main standard times.

1.3

-All upper-air stations included in the regional basic synoptic network should carry out radiosonde and radiowind observations reaching regularly* at least the 30-mb level at 0000 and 1200 GMT and radiowind observations reaching regularly* at least the 70-mblevel at 0600 and 1800 GMT. The carrying out of radiowind obser~ vations at 0000 and 1200 GMT should receive priority over radiowind observations at 0600 and 1800 GMT.

1.4 Arrangements and procedures for_updating and amending the regional basic ~~~~~!!~=~~!~~~~--------------------------------------------------------

Certain minor changes in the regional basic synoptic network of surface and upper-air synoptic stations which do not affect the data requirements of the Region as a whole are inevitable from time to time. To provide a simple and rapid means of effecting changes proposed by the Members concerned, the following procedure shall be observed:

(a) Regional Association VI authorizes its president to approve, at the request of the Member concerned and in consultation with the

* The word "regularly" means that the levels indicated should be reached with a frequency of at least 90 per cent of the ascents.

2.

2.1

ANNEX VI 101

Secretary-General, minor changes to the regional basic synoptic network without formally consulting the Members of the Association, it being understood that any change of substance, i.e. one adversely affecting the density of the network or proposing a change in obser­vational hours, would still require the formal agreement of Members through the adoption of a resolution by postal ballot.

(b) The Secretary-General shall notiiy all Members of WMO by circular letter of changes agreed with the president of the Association.

Regional arrangements and procedures for observations

Pressure-reduction method

2.1.1 According to the WMO Technical Regulations, Annex V - Manual on the Global Observing System, Volume I, Part III, Regulation 2.4.4.4.5, the atmospheric pressure at a station shall be reduced to mean sea level.

2.1.2 The Association did not take any decision regarding the possibility of introducing a uniform method of pressure reduction throughout the Region although the desirability of accepting a single method was generally recognized. However, it decided to encourage Members, especially those for whom the problem of pressure re­duction is of particular importance because of the nature of the orography of their country, to make further trials concerning the use of the formula suggested in WMO Publication No. 154 - Technical Note No. 61 on the Standardization of Pressure Reduc­tion Methods in the International Network of Synoptic Stations, Section 8. A list of countries together with an indication of the pressure-reduction method used is given in WMO Publication No. 226 - Technical Note No. 91 on Methods in Use for the Reduction of Atmospheric Pressure.

2.2

2.2.1 Each Member in the Region should ensure that the barometer of each synop. tic station in its territory be compared with a fixed national standard barometer at least every three years.

2.2.2 Each national standard barometer should be compared with one of the ab­solute standard barometers recognized by WMO, within or outside the Region, at least every ten years.

2.2.3 The standard barometers in Hamburg, Leningrad, London and Trappes ahall be recognized as the absolute standard barometers (A ) for the Region. - r

2.3 Ground weather radar observations

Considering the usefulness of exchanging, on a bilateral or multilateral basis, meteorological information obtained by ground weather radar stations, Members are urged to continue their efforts to install ground weather radar stations for detecting precipitation, including heavy rain, hail and other severe weather phenomena and to exchange on a bilateral or multilateral basis the meteorological information so obtained using the WMO international Code Form FM 20-V - RADOB or an appropriate code form to be developed for this purpose.

Network of CLlMAT and CLlMAT TEMP reporting stations in the Region

The network of CLlMAT and CLlMAT TEMP reporting stations in the Region has been adopted by a resolution of the Association.

ANNEX VII

Annex to Resolution 2 (VIII-RA VI)

STATIONS AND OBSERVATIONAL PROGRAMMES COMPRISING THE BASIC SYNOPTIC NETWORK IN WI~O REGION 6

STATIONS ET PROGRAMt1ES D'OBSERVATION CONSTITUANT LE RESEAU SYNOPTIQUE DE BASE DE LA REGION 6 DE L'OMM

================================================================================ STATION SURFACE

1 2 '

00 0306 09 12 15 18 21

RADIOWIND/ RADIOVENT

3

00 06 12 18

RADIO­SONDE

4

00 12 ================================================================================

0l00l JAN MA YEN

001 JAN MAYEN

008 SVALBARD LUFTH~VN

010 ANDOYA

025 TR0I4S0/LANGNES

028 BJORNOYA

028 BJORNOYA

055 FRUHOLMEN FYR

059 BANAK

062 HOPEN

078 SLETNES FYR

098 VARDO

102 SKLINNA FYR

106 ROST II

152 BODO VI

152 BODO

160 SKROVA FYR

205 SVINOY FYR

212 DNA II

228 SULA

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X. X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X XX

ANNEX VII

=:=:===:;:====:=:=::::=::::==:=::::=::==:::::=::::==::======~===================

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

01238 FOKSTUA II

241 ORLAND III

241 ORLAND

271 TRONDHEIM/VAERNES

311 BERGEN/FLESLAND

384 OSLO/GARDERMOEN

384 OSLO/GARDERMOEN

403 UTSIRA FYR

415 STAVANGER/SOLA

415 STAVANGER/SOLA

427 LISTA FYR

445 SKAFSA

448 OKSOY FYR

477 KONGSBERG IV

482 FERDER FYR

488 OSLO/FORNEBU

02020 KATTERJAKK

044 KIRUNA FLYGPLATS

060 NAIMAKKA

096 PAJALA

104 HEMAVAN

120 KVIKKJOKK

128 GUNNARN

142 JOKKMOVK

144 SUDDESJAUR

185 LULEA/KALLAX

186 LULEA/KALLAX

206 STORLIEN-VISJOVALEN

222 GADDEDE

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

.. x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

.. X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

103

104 ANNEX VII

================================================================~=============== 1 2 3 4

------------------------------------------------------------------------------~-00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

================================================================================

02226 OSTERSUND/FROSON

252 IDVATTNET

288 HOLMOGADD

296 BJUROKLUBB

324 SVEG

365 SUNDSVALL-HARNOSAND FLYGPLATS

366 SUNDSVALL-HARNOSAND FLYGPLATS

376 SODERHAMN

410 MAlUNG

418 KARLSTAD FLYGPLATS

444 FOLKARNA

446 VASTERAS/HASSLO

460 STOCKHOLMjARLANDA

464 STOCKHOLM/BROMMA

465 STOCKHOLM/BROMMA

474 SINGO

496 SVENSKA HOGARNA

520 SATENAS

526 GOTEBORG/LANDVETTER

. 527 . GOTEBORG/LANDVETTER

544 KARLSBORG,

556 HAGSHULT

566 MALILLA

570 NORRKOPING/BRAVALLA

584 GOTSKA SANDON

586 HARSTENA

590 VISBY FLYGPLATS

591 VISBY AEROLOGISKA STATION

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X, X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X 'X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X· X X

X X X X X X X X

X X XX X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X ·X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X· X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X ,X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

ANNEX VII

.================================================================================ 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

02592 OLANDS NoRRA UDDE

606 KULLEN

624 MARKARYD

636 MALMO/STURUP

664 RONNEBY

666 UNGSKAR

672 KALMAR

680 HOBURG

805 KEVO

807 IVALO

823 MUONIO

836 SODANKYLA

844 PELLO

848 SALLA

864 KEMI

869 KUUSAMO

875 OULU

897 KAJAANI

903 KRUUNUPYY

905 NIVALA

910 VALASSAARET

911 VAASA

917 KUOPIO

919 ILOMANTSI

929 JOENSUU

935 JYVASKYLA

944 TAMPERE/PIRKKALA

. 948 SAVoNLINNA

952 PORI

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X· X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X ..

X X _X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X ~ X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

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X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

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X X X X X X

105

106 ANNEX VII

================================================================================ 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

02958 LAPPEENRANTA

963 JOKIOINEN

970 MAARIANHAMINA

·972 TURKU

974 HELSINKI/VANTAA

976 RANKKI

981 UTO

982 RUSSARO

03005 LERWICK

017 KIRKWALL AIRPORT

022 BENBECULA

026 STORNOWAY

066 KINLOSS

091 ABERDEEN/DYCE

100 TIREE

135 PRESTWICK AIRPORT

162 ESKDALH1UIR

170 SHANWELL

171 LEUCHARS

204 ISLE Of MAN/ RONALDSWAY AIRPORT

240 BOULMER

257 LEEMING

302 VALLEY

318 BLACKPOOL AIRPORT

322 AUGHTON

334 MANCHESTER AIRPORT

377 WADDINGTON

396 SPURN POINT

496 HEMSBY

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X 'X X X X

X X X ·X X X X X

X X X X· XX X X

X X XXX X X X

X X X X X ·X X X

X XX X X X X X

'X X X ·XX X X X

X X ·X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X ·XX·X X

X X X X X X X X

X X ·X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

. . X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

~ X X X ·X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

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X XXX X X

XX xX' X·X

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ANNEX vn

========~====================================================~================== 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

03502 ABERPORTH

534 BIRMINGHAM/AIRPORT

586 HONINGTON

603 BRAWDY.

715 CARDIFF-WALES AIRPORT

772 LONDON/HEATHROW AIRPORT

774 CRAWLEY

797 MANS TON

808 CAMBORNE

809 CULDROSE

817 ST. MAWGAN

827 PLYMOUTH/MOUNT BATTEN

862 BOURNEMOUTH AIRPORT

884 HERSTMONCEUX

917 BELFAST/ALDERGROVE AIRPORT

920 LONG KESH

953 VALENTIA OBSERVATORY

955 CORK AIRPORT

957 ROSSLARE

960 KILKENNY

962 SHANNON AIRPORT

965 BIRR

969 DUBLIN AIRPORT

970 CLAREMORRIS

971 MULLINGAR

974 CLONES

976 BELHULLET

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X·X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X· X X X X X X

X X X X X X X ·X

X X· X X ·X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X ·X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

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X X X X X X X X

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x X X X X X X X

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X X X X X X X X

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X X X X X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X

x X

X X

X X

107

108: ANNEX VII '

======~===========:============================================================= 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12,15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

03980 MAL~N HEAD

04004 GUFUSKALAR

005 GALTARVITI

018 KEFLAVIK

030 REYKJAVIK

048 VESTMANNAEYJAR

063 AKUREYRI

077 RAUFARHOFt-I

082 HOFN I HORNAFIRDI

097 DALATANGI

202 THULE A.B.

210 UPERNAVIK

212 UMANAK

220 EGEDESMINDE

220 EGEDESMINDE

230 HOLSTEINSBORG

231 SDR. STROMFJORD

240 ,SUKKERTOPPEN

250 GODTHAB

260 FREDERIKSHAB

270 NARSSARSSUAQ

270 NARSSARS5UAQ

272 JULIANEHAB

320 DANMARKSHAVN

320 DANMARKSHAVN

330 DANEBORG

339 SCORESBYSUND

350 APUTITEQ

360 ANGMAGSSALIK

x· X X X X X X' X

X X' X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X, X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X' X X X X, X X X

X X X, X X X. X, X

X X X X. X· X X, X

X X X X X, X X X

X X X' X, X X, X, X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X' X X

X X X X, X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X. X X X

X X· X X· X X X X

.. . . X X X X X X X X

X· X X X. X . X . X . X

X . X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X. X X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

x X X X

,X X

X X

X X

·X X

c' .•• -

x X

. X X

.x X

ANNEX VII

========;====================================================~================== 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

04381 IKERHIUARSSUK

390 PRINS CHRISTIAN SUND

06011 THORSHAVN

011 THORSHAVN

024 THISTED FLYVEPLADS

030 ALBORG

041 SKAGEN

059 LYNGVIG

060 KARUP

070 TIRSTRUP

071 FORNAES

089 SAEDENSTRAND

110 SKRYDSTRUP

151 OMO

179 MON

180 KOBENHAVN/KASTRUP

181 KOBENHAVN/ JAEGERSBORG

193 HAMMERODDE

235 DE KOOY

240 AMSTERDAM/SCHIPHOL.

260 DE BILT

280 EELDE

310 VLISSINGEN

344 ROTTERDAM

380 ZUID-LIMBURG

407 OOSTENDE (AIRPORT)

408 OOSTENDE (PIER)

447 UCCLE

451 BRUXELLES NATIONAL

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X XXX XXX X

X X ·X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

109

110 ANNEX VII.

=====================================================================~========== 1 2 3 4

00 0306 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

06456 FLORENNES

476 ST-HUBERT

590 LUXHlBOURG/ LUXEMBOURG

610 PAYERNE

670 ZURICH/KLOTEN

700 GENEVE/COINTRIN

720 SHlN

750 GUETSCH

762 LOCARNO/MAGADINO

990 VADUZ(LIECHTENSTEIN)

07002 BOULOGNE

005 ABBEVILLE

015 LILLE

024 CHERBOURG

027 CAEN

037 ROUEN

061 SAINT-QUENTIN

070 REIMS

100 OUESSANT

110 BREST/GUIPAVAS

119 ROSTRENEN

121 BREHAT

130 RENNES

139 AlENCON

145 TRAPPES

149 PARIS/ORLY

169 ST-DIlIER

180 NANCY/ESSEY

190 STRASBOURG

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X' X XX X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X .X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X XX X X X X

X .X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X . X X X X X

X X X X

X X X X X X

l

ANNEX VII

=======;====================================================~=================== 1 2 3 4

-------------------~------------------------------------------------------------00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

================================================================================

07207 LE TALUT

222 NANTES

240 TOURS

249 ORLEANS

255 BOURGES

265 AUXERRE

280 DIJON

292 LUXEUIL

299 BALE/MULHOUSE

315 LA ROCHELLE

335 POITIERS

412 COGNAC

434 LIMOGES

460 CLERMONT-FERRAND

470 LE PUY

481 LYON/SATOLAS

486 GRENOBLE/ST. GEOIRS

497 BOURG-ST-MAURICE

510 BORDEAUX/MERIGNAC·

524 AGEN'

535 GOURDON

558 MILLAU

577 HONTELIMAR

591 EMBRUN

602 BIARRITZ

610 PAU

627 ST-GIRONS

630 TOULOUSE/BLAGNAC

643 MONTPELLIER

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X XX X, XX

X X X X X X X X'

X X X X X· X X X

X XX XX XXX

X, X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X·

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X· X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

. X X X X X X

111

112 ANNEX. VII-

======================================================================~========= 1 2 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 =========================================================================="======

07645 NIMES!COURBESSAC

650 MARSEIlLE/t1ARIGNANE -- X X X X - X X - X X

660 TOULON ~ X X X X X X - X X

690 NICE X - X X X X X X X

747 PERPIGNAN X X X X - X X X X

761 AJACCIO

790 BASTIA

08001 LA CORUNA

008 LUGO/PUNTO CENTRO

IU5 OVIEDO

(123 SANTANDER

-021 SAN SEBASTIAN/ IGUELDO

045 VIGO/PEINADOR

055 LEON/VIRGEN DEL CAMINO

- 075 BURGOS/VILLAFRIA

084 lOGRONO/AGONCILLO

141 VALL AOOLlD

160 ZARAGOZA/SANJURJO

181 BARCELONA/PRAT

202 SAlAMANCA/MATACAN

221 MADRID/BARAJAS

233 CALAMOCHA

238 TORTOSA

261 CACERES

280 ,ALBACETE/LOSLLANOS

284 VAlENCIA/MANISES

302 PALMA/SON BONET

306 PALMA DE MALLORCA/ SON SAN JUAN

X X - X - X- X X X X

,X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X' X - X X X X

X X- X X X, X - X X

X X X- X X X X X

X X - X - X X- X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X- X X

X X X X X X X X

- X X X X X X - X X

X - X X X X X X X

X' Xc X X X X - X X

X X X X- X X X X

X' X- X X X X - X X

X- X X X X X X X

X X X X X- X - X X

x X X X X X X X

x X X- X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X- X X X X X

X X X_ X x X

X X XX-', x X

x X

X X X X x X

x X X X x X

ANNEX VII

=======:;======================================================================= 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

08314 MENORCA/MAHON

348 CIUDAD REAL

360 ALICANTE/EL ALTET

373 IBIZA/ES 'CODOLA

391 SEVILLA/SAN PABLO

410 CORDOBA/AEROPUERTO

419 GRANADA/AEROPUERTO

433 MURCIA/SAN JAVIER

451 JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA AEROPUERTO

482 MALAGA/EL ROMPEDIZO

487 ALMERIA/AEROPUERTO'

495 GIBRALTAR

495 GIBRALTAR

501 FLORES (ACORES)

505 HORTA/CASTELO BRANCO (ACORES)

509 LAJES (ACORES)

515 SANTA MARIA (ACORES)

536 LISBOA/PORTELA

538 SAGR£S

542 SINES

543 VIANA DO CASTELO

545 PORTO/PEDRAS RUBRAS

549 COIMBRA

554 FARO

562 BEJA

571 PORTALEGRE

575 BRAGANCA

579 LISBOA/GAGO COUTINHO

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X· X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X' X

x X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X.X X X X X X

X X X' X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X x X

X X X X X X

X X X X x X

113

114 ANNEX VII

===~==========================:=============~======~=~==~======================= 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

========~=~~====~=========================;===============;=====================

09091 ARKONA

162 SCHWERIN

170 WARNEf~UENDE

1B4 GREIFSWALD

261 SEEHAUSEN/ALTMARK

280 NEUBRANDENBURG

361 MAGDEBURG

385 BERLIN-SCHOENEFELD

393 LINDENBERG

393 LINDENBERG

453 BROCKEN

469 LEIPZIG-SCHKEUDITZ

488 DRESDEN-KLOTZSCHE

548 MEININGEN

554 ERfURT-BINDERSLEBEN

578 FICHTELBERG

100.02 BORKUMRIFF

006 fEHMARNBELT

015 HELGOLAND

035 SCHLESWIG

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X' X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X. X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X· X X

X X X X X· X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X. X

X' X 'X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X. X X X X X X X

129 BREMERHAVEN . X X X X X X X X

147 HAMBURG/F.UHLSBUE TTEL X X X X X. X X· X

203 EMDEN-HAfEN X X' X X X' X . X X

224 BREMEN X, X X X XX X X

313 MUENSTER X X X X X X X X

338 HANNOVER

384 BERLIN/TEMPELHOF

400 DUESSELDORF

410 ESSEN

x X, X X· X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X. X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

ANNEX VII

=============================================================~================== 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

10427 KAHLER ASTEN

438 KASSEL

513 KOELN/BONN

532 GIESSEN

544 WASSERKUPPE

609 TRIER/PETRISBERG

637 FRANKFURT/MAIN

685 HOF

708 SAARBRUECKEN/ENSHEIM

738 STUTTGART / ECHTERDINGEN

739 STUTTGART / BAD CANNSTATT

763 NUERNBERG

776 REGENSBURG

803 FREIBURG

852 AUGSBURG

866 MUENCHEN/RIEM

868 MUENCHEN­OBERSCHLEISSHEIM

893 PASSAU

929 KONSTANZ

961 ZUGSPITZE

11010 LINZ/HOERSCHING­FLUGHAFEN

035 WIEN/HOHE WARTE

036 WIEN/SCHWECHAT­nUGHAFEN

120 INNSBRUCK-FLUGHAFEN

150 SALZBURG-FLUGHAFEN

231 KLAGENFURT-FLUGHAFEN

240 GRAZ-THALERHOF­FLUGHAFEN

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

115

116 ANNEX VII

============================================================~~=======~========== 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

11406 CHEB

448 PLZEN/DOBRANY

518 PRAHA/RUZYNE

520 PRAHA-LIBUS

541 CESKE BUDEJOVICE

603 LIBEREC

659 PRIBYSLAV

723 BRNO/TURANY

782 OSTRAVA/MOSNOV

816 BRATISLAVA IVANKA

903 SLIAC

934 POPRAD/TATRY

952 POPRAD/GANOVCE

968 KOSICE

12100 KOLOBRZEG

120 LEBA

135 HEL

150 GDANSK-REBIECHOWO

185 KETRZYN

195 SUWALKI

205 SZClECIN

235 CHOJNICE

250 TORUN

270 MLA\~A

295 BIALYSTOK

300 GORlOW WLKP

330 POZNAN

360 PLOCK

374 LEGIONOWO

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X ~ X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X x X

ANNEX VII

================================================================================ 1 2 3 4

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------00 03 06 09 12'15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

================================================================================

12375 WARSZAWA-OKECIE

385 SIEDLCE

400 ZIELONA GORA

424 WROCLAW II

425 WR-DCLAW I

435 KALISZ

465 LODZ

495 LUBLIN RADAWIEC

510 SNIEZKA

520 KLOI>ZKO

560 KATOWICE'

566 KRAKOW

570 -KIELCE

575 TARNOW

595 ZAMOSC

695 PRZEMYSL

772 MISKOLC

. 812 SZOMBA THEL Y

.822 GYOR

84} BUDAPEST/LOR INC

860 SZ-oLNOK

882 DEBRECEN

925 NAGYKANIZSA

9J5 SlOFOK

942 PEes

982 SZEGED

13014 LJUBLJANA/BRNIK

.067 PALIC

130 ZAGREB/MAKSIMIR

x x x x x x x x x x x x x '·X x x x ~ x x x x x x

x x x x xx x X'

. . . x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

x x x x x ·X x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

XXX x XXX x

x x x x x x x x x . x x x x x x x

x x x x X. x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x X' x x x x x x x x' x x x x x x x x X· x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

x' x x x x x

xx X' x x x

x x x x x x

117

118 ANNEX VII

========================~=======;;=========~===========;======================== 1 2 3 4

------------------------------~------------~------------------------------------00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

=====~=~=~===~~======;===~=;=====~=~==~================~=======;;=;=~~===;~~====-

13131 ZAGREB/PLESO

150 SLAVONSKI BROD

209 PULA

224 ZADAR/ZEMUNIK

2·26 . B IHAC .

242 BANJA·LUKA

262 LOZNICA

272 BEOGRAD!SURCIN

275 BEOGRAD/ZELENO BRDO

333 SPLIT/KASTEL STAflLlC

353 SARAJEVO!BUTMIR

388 N15

452 DUBROVNIK-CIlIPI

462 TITOGRAD!GOLUBOVCI

473 PEC

562 ULCINJ

586 5KOPJE-PETROVAC

615 TIRANA

622 VLORE

15004 'SIGHETU MARMATIEI

010 SA TU 1·1ARE

020 BOTOSANl'

x X X X X X X X

x. X X X X X X X

x: X· X x· x. X, x. X

x· X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X; X· X X· X .. X· X" X

X· X, Xy X. X, X, X~ X

X X. Xc x' x' X· X X

.. . . ./. . . . X; X' X,, X: X~ X. X: X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X .~. -"

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X i ,.

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X' X X X X /. .'--

080 ORADEA X X X X X X X X

108 CEAHLAU TOACA

120 CLUJ~NAPOCA

150 BACAU

200 ARAD

230 DEVA

280 VF.OMU

X X X'x'X'x'x X y

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X·, J ,X oX

"''''.' -....

.' I

X X X X X X ,'. -

-; -"~

'.-< . - '.. -' ~. ~.

::. ,~- . . . " .. "- -,:-

X X X X X X

ANNEX VII

========~===============~====================================;================== 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

15292 CARANSEBES

310 GALATI

346 RIMNICU VILCEA

350 BUZAU

360 SULINA

410 DROBETA TR. SEVERIN

420 BUCURESTI/IMH

450 CRAIOVA

460 CALARASI

480 CONSTANTA

499 MANGALIA

511 LOM

526 PLEVEN

535 ROUSSE

544 SHUMEN

552 VARNA

614 SOFIA (OBSERV.)

615 MUSSALA (TOP/SOMMET)

625 PLOVDIV

627 BOTEV VRAH (TOP/SOMMET)

640 SLIVEN

655 BURGAS

712 SANDANSKI

730 KURDJALI

16008 S. VALENTINO ALL A MUTA

020 BOLZANO

040 TARVISIO

044 UDINE/CAMPOFORMIDO

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

119

120 ANNEX VII

================================================================================ 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

16045 UDINE/RIVOLTO

052 PIAN ROSA

059 TORINO/CASELLE

066 MILANO/MALPENSA

080 MILANO/LINATE

084 PIACENZA

090 VERONA/VILLAFRANCA

105 VENEZIA/TESSERA

110 TRIESTE

120 GENOVA!SESTRI

134 ~10NTE CIMONE

149 RIMINI

153 CAPO MELE

158 PISA/S. GIUSTO

170 FIRENZE/PERETOLA

181 PERUGIA

191 FALCONARA

206 GROSSETO

219 MONTE TERMINILLO

230 PESCARA

242 ROMA/FIUMICINO

252 CAMPOBASSO

261 AMENDOLA

270 BARI/PALESE MACCHIE

280 PONZA

289 NAPOLI/CAPODICHINO

300 POTENZA

310 CAPO PALINURO

320 BRINDISI

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X· X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X. X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X· X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X .X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

ANNEX VII

========~====================================================~================== 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

16325 MARINA DI GINOSA

350 CRDTONE

360 S. MARIA Dl LEUCA

362 LAMEZIA TERME

400 USTICA

405 PALERMO/PUNTA RAISI

420 MESSINA

429 TRAPANI/BIRGI

453 GEL A

460 CATANIA/FONTANAROSSA

470 PANTELLERIA

480 COZZO SPADARO

490 LAMPEDUSA

506 GUARDIAVECCHIA

520 ALGHERO

539 CAPO FRASCA

550 CAPO BELLAVISTA

560 CAGLIARI/ELMAS

596 QRENDI

597 LUQA

614 KASTORIA (AIRPORT)

622 THESSALONIKI/MIKRA

624 CHRISOUPOLI OF KAVALA

627 ALEXANDROUPOLIS

641 KERKYRA

643 AKTION

648 LARISSA

650 LIMNOS(AIRPORT)

667 MYTILINI

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X- X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

121

122 ANNEX VII

================================================================================ 1 2 3 4

---------------------------~----------------------------------------------------00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

16675 LAI~IA

682 ANDRAVIDA

684 SKYROS

710 TRIPOLIS

716 ATHENS(HELLINIKON)

723 SAMOS (AIRPORT)

732 NAXOS

734 METHONI

738 MILOS

743 KYTHIRA

746 SOUDA

749 RHODES (PARADISSI)

754 HERAKLION

17022 ZONGULDAK

024 INEBOLU

026 SINOP

030 SAMSUN

038 TRABZON

050 EDIRNE

056 TEKIRDAG

060 ISTANBUL/YESILKOY

062 ISTANBUL/GOZTEPE

067 GOLCUK/DUMLUPINAR

070 BOLU

082 MERZIFON

084 CORUM

090 SIVAS

092 ERZINCAN

096 ERZURUM

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X- X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X XX X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X -X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

ANNEX VII

========;====================================================~==================

1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 IB 21 00 06 12 IB 00 12 ================================================================================

17110 GOKCEADA

112 CANAKKALE

115 BANDIRMA

116 BURSA

124 ESKISEHIR

12B ANKARA/ESENBOGA

129 ANKARA/ETIMESGUT

130 ANKARA/CENTRAL

150 BALIKESIR

170 VAN

IBO DIKILI

IB4 AKHISAR

IBB USAK

190 AFYON

195 KAYSERI/ERKILET

200 MALATYA/ERHAC

202 ELAZIG

21B IZMIR/CIGLI

220 IZMIR

234 AYDIN

240 ISPARTA

244 KONYA

260 GAZIANTEP

2BO DIYARBAKIR

290 BODRUM

292 MUGLA

300 ANTALYA

330 SILIFKE

350 ADANA/INCIRLIK

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

123

124 ANNEX VII

================================================================================ 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

17370 ISKENDERUN

600 PAPHOS

601 AKROTIRI

607 ATHALA55A

609 LARNACA AIRPORT

20107 BARENCBURG

22028 TERIBERKA

106 PAD UN

113 t-1URMANSK

127 LOVOZERO

145 MYS CERNYJ

165 KANIN NOS

217 KANDALAKSA

235 KRASNOSCEL'E

269 MYS KONUSIN

271 SOJNA

282 MYS MIKULKIN

292 INDIGA

324 UHBA

349 PJALlCA

. 365 ABRAMOVSKIJ MAJAK

403 KESTEN'GA

408 KALEVALA

422· GRIDINO

438 ZlZGIN

446 ZIMNEGORSKIJ MAJAK

471 HEZEN'

511 JUSKOZERO

522 KEM'-PORT

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

ANNEX VII

=======~====================================================~=================== 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

22550 ARHANGEL'SK

563 PINEGA

583 KOJNAS

602 REBOLY

621 SEGEZA

641 ONEGA

657 EMeA

676 SURJ1.

695 KOSLAN

721 MEDVEZEGORSK

768 SEN KURSK

778 VERHNJAJA TOJMA

798 JARENSK

802 SORTOVALA

820 ~ETROZAVODSK

831 PUDOZ

837 VYTEGRA

845 KARGOPOL'

854 NJANDOMA

867 VEL 'SK .

887 KOlLAS

892 VYBORG

915 SVIRICA

939 BELOZERSK

954 VOZEGA

996 OB"JACEVO

26038 T ALLIN

059 KINGISEPP

063 LENINGRAD (TOWN/VILLE)

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

125

126 ANNEX VII

=======================================================================~======== 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

26094 TIHVIN

115 RISTNA

215 KINGISEPP

231 PJARNU

242 TARTU

258 PSKOV

275 STARAJA RUSSA

298 BOLOGOE

313 KOLKA

348 GULBENE

389 OSTA-SKOV

406 LIEPAJA

422 RIGA

459 IDRICA

477 VELIKIE LUKI

498 RZEV

509 KLAJPEDA

524 SJAULJAJ

544 DAUGAVPILS

585 BELYJ

629 KAUNAS

666 VITEBSK

695 VJAZ'~lA

702 KALININGRAD

730 VIL'NJUS

781 St~OLENSK

825 GRODNO

850 MINSK

863 MOGILEV

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X -X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X- X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

x X X X x X

X X X X X X

ANNEX VII

========~====================================================~================== 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ==============================================-==================================

26882 ROSLAVL'

898 BRJANSK

951 SLUCK

997 TRUBCEVSK

27008 BABAEVO

037 VOLOGDA

051 TOT'MA

066 NIKOL'SK

083 OPARINO

113 CEREPOVEC

196 KIROV

217 BEZECK

225 RYBINSK

242 BUJ

252 NIKOLO-POLOMA

271 SAR' JA

329 ROSTOV

355 JUR'EVEC

369 KRASNYE SAKI

373 SAKUN'JA

393 NOLINSK

402 KALIN IN

479 KOZ'MODEM'JANSK

532 VLADIMIR

553 GOR'KIJ

595 KAZAN'

612 MOSKVA

648 ELAT'MA

665 LUKOJANOV

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X- X ,X X- X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X x X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

127

128 ANNEX VII

===============;=====================================================~========== 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 ·00 12 ================================================================================

27679 ALATYR'

703 KALUGA

707 SUHINICI

719 TULA

731 RJAZAN'

786 UlYANOVSK

823 PAVElEC

872 INZA

906 OREl

928 ElEC

947 TAMBOV

962 PENZA

983 SYZRAN'

33008 BREST

036 MOZVR'

041 GOMEl'

088 SARNY

177 ·VlADIMIR-VoLYNSKIJ

246 NEZIN

275 SUMY

301 ROVNO

317 SEPETOVKA

325 ZITOMIR

345 KIEV

377 LUBNY

393 l'VOV

415 TERNOPOL'

429 HMEL'NICKIJ

466 IMENI STARCENKO

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X. X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X. X. X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X x X

ANNEX VII

.========~====================================================~======~=========== 1 2 3 4

,.

~-----------------------------------------------------------------------.-------00 03 06 09 12 15 IB 21 00 06 12 IB 00 12

================================================================================

33526 IVANO-FRANKOVSK

562 VINNICA

5B7 UMAN'

615 KREMENCUG

631 UZGOROD

65B CERNOVCY

663 MOGILEV-PODOL'SKIJ

711 KIROVOGRAD

759 ZATIS'E

777 VOZNESENSK

791 KRIVOJ ROG

815 KISINEV

B37 ODESSA

869 KAHOVKA

887 BOLGRAD

902 HERSON

910 GENICESK

924 CERNOMORSKOE

946 SIMFEROPOL'

983 KERC'

990 JALTA

34009 KURSK

047 ZERDEVKA

116 STARYJ OSKOL

122 VORONEZ

152 BALASOV

172 SARATOV

186 ERSOV

240 URJUPINSK

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

-X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X . X X· X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X· X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X-X

X X X X

X X X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

129

130 ANNEX VII

~~==~=~========================================================================= 1 2 } 4

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12

================================================================================

34247 KALAC

300 HAR'KOV

336 BOGUCAR

357 SERAfIMOVIC

363 KAMYSIN

391 ALEKSANDROV-GAJ

415 IZJUM

504 DNEPROPETROVSK

519 DONECK

523 VOROSHIlOVGRAG

545 MOROZOVSK'

. 560 VOlGOGRAD

579 VERHNIJBASKUNCAK

601 ZAPOROZ'E

655 KOTEL'NIKOVO

691 NOVYJ USTOGAN

717 BERDJANSK

731 ROSTOV-NA-DONU

'147 CELINA

759 REMONTNOE

824 PRIMORSKO-AHTARSK

B3B TIHORECK

B5e DIVNOE

866 JASKUL'

880 ASTRAHAN'

929 KRASNODAR

954 SVETlOGRAD

37018 TUAPSE

031 ARMAVIR

x X X X X X X X

X X X X XX X, X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X 'X X X X X X X

X X X X, X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X, X X X X X X

X X. X X X, X ·X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X 'X X

X X X X X X ,:X X

. X X X X' X X X X

'X X X XXX X X

X X X X X X, X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X' X X

X X X X X X X 'X

X . X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X x .X

XX XX X X

X XX X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

ANNEX VII

.=============================================================~================== 1 2 3 4

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ================================================================================

37054 MINERAL'NYE VODY

085 KOCUBEJ

116 KARATCHAEVSK

145 MOZDOK

171 SOTeHI

228 ORDZONIKIDZE

235 GROZNYJ

260 SUHUMI

395 KUTAISI

472 MAHACKALA

484 BATUMI

515 BORZOMI

549 TBlLISI

575 ZAKATALY

639 AKSTAFA

686 LENINAKAN

735 KIROVABAD

789 EREVAN

907 FIZULI

936 NAHICEVAN'.

985 LENKORAN'

40001 KAMISHLI

007 ALEPPO

007 ALEPPO

009 TEL ABIAD

016 HASSAKAH

022 LATTAKIA

030 HAMA

039 RAQQA

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

. . x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

131

132 ANNEX VII

==============1===========================2====================3============4===

00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 00 06 12 18 00 12 ===========================================~====================================

40045. DEIR ElZOR

061 PALMYRA

066 SAFITA

072 ABU KAMAL

080 DAMASCUS NEW INTNL. AIRPORT

OB3 NABK

OB7 JABAL ETTANF

091 FIQ

100 BEY ROUTH (AEROPORT)

102 RAYACK

103 TRIPOLI

104 MERDJAYOUN

155 HAIFA SOUTH

179 Btl DAGAN .

180 BEN-GURION INT. AIRPORT

191 BEER-SHE VA

198 OVDA

199 ElLAT

250 H-4

255 IRBID.

260 H-5

265 MAFRAQ

270 AMMAN AIRPORT

310 r~A'AN

LIMA

MIKE

ROMEO

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

x X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X

X X

X X

X X

x X

X X

X X

ANN E X VIII

Annnex to Resolution 6 (VIII-RA VI)

NETWORK OF CLIMAT AND CLIMAT TEMP REPORTING STATIONS IN REGION VI

Index number

Chiffre indicatif

O~OOI 008 025 028 098 152 241 258 316 384 415 492

02080 127 196 226 361 365 418 464 465 512 527 551 590 836 897 911 935 963 972 974

03005 026 091

RESEAU DE STATIONS DEVANT TRANSMETTRE DES MESSAGES CLIMAT ET

CLIMAT TEMP DE LA REGION VI

Name of station CLIMAT

Nom de la station

Jan Mayen X Svalbard Lufthavn X Tromsp/Langnes X Bjprnpya X Vardp X Bodp X ¢rland X Trondheim-Tyholt X Bergen/Fredriksberg X Oslo/Gardermoen X Stavanger/Sola X Oslo/BHndern X

Karesuando X Stensele X Haparanda X Ostersund/Froson X Harnosarid X· Sundsvall/Harnosand Flygplats Karlstand Flygplats X Stockholm/Bromma X Stockholm/Bromma Goteborg/Save X Goteborg/Landvetter Jonkoping X Visby Flyplats X Sodankyla X Kajaani X Vaasa X Jyvaskyla/Luonet jarvi X Jokioinen X Turku X Helsinki/Vantaa X

Lerwick X Stornoway X Aberdeen/Dyce X

CLIMAT

TEMP

X

X

X X

X X

X

X

X

X

X X

X X

134 ANNEX VIII

Index number Name of station CLIMAT CLIMA!

Chiffre Nom de la station TEMP

indicati f

03162 Eskdalemuir X 322 Aughton X 334 Manchester X 377 Waddington X 774 Crawley X 776 London/Gatwick Airport X 827 Plymouth/Mountbatten X 917 Belfast/Aldergrove Airport X 953 Valentia/Observatory X X 955 Cork Airport X 962 Shannon Airport X 969 Dublin Airport X 976 Belmullet X 980 Malin Head X

04018 Keflavik X X 030 Reykjavik X 063 Akureyri X 082 HBfn i Hornafirdi X-220 Egedesminde X X 250 Godthab X 270 Narssarssuaq X 320 Danmarkshavn X X 339 Scoresbysund X X 360 Angmagssalik X X 390 Prins Christian Sund X

06011 Thorshavn X X 030 Alborg X 181 Kpbenhavn/Jaegersborg X 186 Kpbenhavn/Landbohojskolen X 190 Rpnne X 260 De Bilt X - X 447 Uccle X X 590 Luxembourg X 610 Payerne X X 660 ZUrich X 680 Santis X 700 Geneve/Cointrin X-770 Lugano X

07024 Cherbourg/Maupertus X 110 Brest/Guipavas X X 145 Trappes X 150 Paris/Le Bourget X 180 Nancy/Essey X X 190 Strasbourg/Entzheim X 222 Nantes X 255 Bourges X 280 Dijon X 434 Limoges/Be1legarde X

Index number Name of station

Chi ffre indicati f

07480 481 510 630 645 650 690 747 761

08001 141 161 180 221 222 301 302 314 329 359 390 488 495 506 509 513 515 535 546 579

09170 184 379 393 469 488 499 548 554 578

10035 147 203 338 384 410 438 628

Nom de la station

Lyon/Bron Lyon/Satolas Bordeaux/Merignac Toulouse/Blagnac Nimes/Courbessac Marseille/Marignane Nice/Cote d'Azur Perpignan Ajaccio/Campo del Oro

La Coru?l'a Valladolid Zaragoza Barcelona Madrid/Barajas Madrid Palma de Mallorca Palma/Son Bonet Menorca/Mahon Badajos Alicante Sevilla/Tablada Almeria Gibraltar Horta Lajes Ponta Delgada Santa Maria Lisboa Porto/So Pilar Lisboa/Gago Coutinho

WarneniUnde Greifswald Potsdam Lindenberg Leipzig/Schkeuditz Dresden/Klotzche Gorlitz Meiningen Erfurt/Bindersleben Fichtelberg

Schleswig Hamburg/FuhlsbUttel Emden/Hafen Hannover Berlin/Tempelhof Essen Kassel Geisenheim

ANNEX VIII

CLIMAT

X

X X X X X X X

X X X X

X X

X X X X X X X

X X X X

X X X X X X X X X X

X X X X X X X X

CLIMAT

TEMP

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

135

136 ANNEX VIII

Index number Name of station CLIMAT

CLIMAT Chiffre Nom de la station TEMP

indieati f

10739 Stuttgart/Sehnarrenberg X X 763 NUrnberg X 866 MUnchen/Riem X 868 MUnehen/Obersehleissheim X 929 Konstanz X 961 Zugspitze X

11028 St. Poe1ten X 035 Wien/Hohe Warte X X 120 InnsbrUek/Flughafen X 146 Sonnbliek X 150 Salzburg/Flughafen X 231 Klagenfurt/Flughafen X 240 Graz/Thalerhof Flughafen X 406 Cheb X 518 Praha/Ruzyne X 520 Praha/Libus X· X 723 Brno/Turany X 782 Ostrava/Mosnov ·X 903 Sliae X 934 Poprad/Tatry X 952 Poprad/Ganovee X

12120 Leba X 160 Elblag X 205 Szezecin/Dabie X 295 Bia,lystok· X 330 Poznan/Ilawiea X X 374 Legionowo X 375 Warszawa/Okeeie X 424 Wroe,law II/Straehowiee X 425 Wroe,law I/Maly Gadow X 497 W,lodawa X 566 Krakow/Baliee X 772 Miskole X 840 ' Budapest/Meteorologia X 843 Budapest/Lorine ·X 882 Debreeen X 942 Pees X 982 Szeged X

13015 Llubljana/Bezigrad X 129 Zagreb/Grie X 130 Zagreb/Maksimir X 274 Beograd X 275 Beograd/Zeleno Brdo X 334 Spli t/Marjan v

"

13354 Sarajevo X 462 Titograd/Go1ubovei X 586 Skopje/Petrovae X

ANNEX VIII 137

Index number Name of station CLIMAT

CLIMAT Chiffre

indicati f Nom de la station TEMP

15085 Bistrita X 090 Iasi X 120 Cluj/Napoca X X 247 Timisoara X 260 Sibiu X 360 Sulina X 420 Bucuresti X X 480 Constanta X 511 Lom X 552 Varna X 614 Sofia X X 655 Burgos X

16044 Udine/Campoformido X 045 Udine/Rivolto X 080 Milani/Linate X X 090 Verona/Villafranca X 105 Venezia/Tessera X 110 Trieste X 158 Pisa/S. Giusto X 191 Falconara X 230 Pescara X 242 Roma/Fiumicino X X 289 Napoli/Capodichino X 320 Brindisi X X 325 Marina di Ginosa X 420 Messina X 429 Trapani/Birgi X X

. 460 Catania/Fontanarossa X 520 Alghero X 560 Cagliari/Elmas X X 596 Qrendi X 597 Luqa X 622 Thessaloniki/Mikra X X 641 Kerkyra X 648 Larissa X 705 Zakynthos X 716 Athinai/Hellinikon X X 726 Kalamata X 746 Souda X 754 Heraklion X X

17030 Samsun X X 040 Rize X 050 Edirne X 062 Istanbul/Goztepe X X 074 Kastamonu X 090 Sivas X 092 Erzincan X 096 Erzurum X 112 Canakkale X

138 ANNEX·VIII

Index number Name of station CLIt1l\T

CLIt1l\T Chiffre Nom de 1a station TEMP

indicatif

17116 Bursa X 130 Ankara X X 170 Van X 190 Afyon X 196 Kayseri X 200 Malatya/Erhac X 220 Izmir X X 240 Isparta X X 244 Konya X 270 Urfa X 280 Diyarbakir X X 292 Mug1a X 300 Antalya X 350 Adana/lncirlik X 607 Atha1assa X 609 Larnaca Airport X

22113 Murmansk X X 165 Kanin Nos X 550 Archongel'sk X X ~02 Rebo1y X 837 Vytegra X

26038 Tollin X 063 Leningrad X X 477 Velikie Luki X 629 Kaunas X X 850 Minsk X X

27037 Vologda X X 196 Kirov X 595 Kazan X X 612 Moskva X X

33345 Kiev X X 393 L'vov X X 837 Odessa X X 946 Simferopo1' X

34122 Voronez X 172 Saratov X X 300 Har'kov v X 1\

731 Rostov-na-Donu X X 880 Astrahan' X

37050 Pjatoigorsk X 549 Tbilisi v X 1\

40007 Aleppo X X 022 Lattakia X 045 Deir Ezzar X

ANNEX VIn 139

Index number Name of station CLIt¥.T

CLIt¥.T Chiffre Nom de la station TEMP

indicati f

40061 Palmyra X 080 Damascus X 100 Beyrouth X X 103 Tripoli X 179 Bet Dagan X 180 Ben Gurion International Airport X 199 Eilet X 250 H-4 X 265 Mafraq X 270 Amman X 310 Ma'an X

1.

1.1

ANN E X IX

Annex to Resolution 9 (VIII-RA VI)

SUPPLEMENT TO SECTION VI VOLUME II

OF THE MANUAL ON THE GOPS

PART I

REAL-TIME OATA ·PROCESSING - REGIONAL AND NATIONAL ASPECTS

Minimum standards for quality control of real-time data in the Region

The existing minimum global standards are satisfactory for both observa­tional and processed data. No regional standard is required.

NOTE:

1.2

Minimum standards for quality control of data for real-time use in the GOPS are given in Volume I, Attachment 11.1.

The United Kingdom has agreed to carry out real-time quality control of data received from Greenland and Iceland.

1.3 Standards established nationally, not included in global or regional --------------------------------r------6----------------------------=!~~~~~~~~_~~~_~i_!~!~~~~!_!~_~!~~~_~~~_~~~

Standards established nationally are included in Volume B of WMO Publi­cation No.9.

2.

NOTE:

2.1

Observational data requirements and times of receipt of observational data for regional exchange in the Region

The global standard practices and procedures for requirements of obser­vational data and times of receipt of observational data are laid do~n in Volume I, Part II, paragraphs 2.2 and 2.3.

Types of observational data required from within the Region, as noted by the seventh session of Regional Association VI, are obtained from:

(a) The regional basic synoptic network: the Regional Association has agreed (Resolution 2 (VII-RA VI)) to the following observing pro­gramme for surface and upper-air observations:

(i) All the surface stations included in the regional basic synoptic network should make surface observations at the four main standard times of observation, i.e. 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 GMT, and at the four intermediate standard times of observation, i.e. 0300, 0900, 1500 and 2100 GMT.

NOTE:

2.2

2.2.1

NOTE:

2.2.2

NOTE:

ANNEX IX 141

Any surface station that cannot carry out the full observa­tional programme should give priority to the carrying out of the observations at the main standard times;

(ii) All the upper-air stations included in the regional basic synoptic network should carry out radiosonde and radiowind observations reaching regularly* at least the 30-mb level at 0000 and 1200 GMT, and radiowind observations reaching regu­larly* at least the 70-mb level at 0600 and 1800 GMT. The carrying out of radiowind observations at 0000 and 1200 GMT should receive priority over radiowind observations at 0600 and 1800 GMT.

Information on the state of implementation of the RA VI Regional Basic Synoptic Network is given in WMO Publication No.21?

(b) Fixed sea stations:

(i) The minimum requirements o.f four ocean weather stations (NAOS) are as follows:

Station L

Station M

Station R

Station C

(c) Mobile ships;

(d) Aircraft:

(e) Radar observations:

57000'N

660 00'N

47°00'N

§2045'N

02°00'E

l70 00'W

350 30'W

(f) Near-polar-orbiting meteorological satellites;

(g) Geostationary (environmental) meteorological satellites.

!~~:!_~f_~~~:~~~!!~~~!_~~!~_~:9~!~:~_!~~~_~~!~!~:_!~:_~:~!~~

Qa!a_w~i£h_aEe_i~c!u~e~ in_the_g!o£a! ~x£h£n~e-p£o~r~~e

The types of observational data for global exchange. are listed in Volume I, Attachment II.2 and Volume I of the Manual on the GTS, Attach­ment I-3.

(a)

(b)

DRIBU reports \'

ROCOB reports

as required for inter-regional exchange

Stations for regional exchange of SYNOP reports at the main standard times of observation are listed in Volume II of the Manual on the GTS, Attach­ment EU-I.

* The expression "regularly" means that the levels indicated should be reached with a frequency of at least 90 per cent of the ascents.

142

2.3

NOTE:

3.

3.1

NOTE:

3.2

NOTE~

4.

NOTE:

4.1

4.2

4.3

ANNEX IX

(a) From within the Region:

SYNOP { TEMP and PILOT~

be received by {H + 1 1/2 hr H + 2 1/2 hr

(b) From outside the Region:

SYNOP l TEMP and PILOT ~ b d b {

H + 2 1/2 hr e receive y H + 3 1/2 hr

Times of receipt of observational data for use in the GDPS are given in Volume I, Attachment 11.3.

Pictorial representation of information - regional and national aspects in the Region

Scales and projections of meteorological charts' ------------------------------------------~----

A selection of scales which should be used for weather charts in the GDPS is given in Volume I,: Part' II, paragraph 4.1.2.

Symbols for:-'pictorial representation of dO'ta, analyses and forecasts on meteororogIcaI-charts---------~------------------------------------------------------------- ' .

Symbols used for pictorial representation of data, analyses and forecasts on meteorolCigical charts are'given in Volume'I,' Attachment II.4.

Exchange of processed products between centres:..;.regioncil practices in the Region _ ,

......

The global standard and recommended practices and procedures concerning the programmes of output products, the transmission p-riorities and the responsibilities of Members for providing information on their real-time data-processing activities'are laid down in Volume I, Part II, para­graphs 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 respectively. Several lists dealing with WMC/RMC output products are given in the attachments ·to paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3. Detailed information on the programmes for preparation of output products byWWW centres is given in WMO Publication No.9, Volume B, Data­processing.

Requirements for WMC and RMC output products from outside the Region --------------------------------------------------------------------(See paragraph 4.5 below.)

~=9~~~:~:~!~_!~~_~~_~~~_~~~_~~!~~!_~~~~~:!~_!~~~_!~~!~=_!~=_~=~!~~

(a) Provisional requirements for WMC products are given in Attachment EU:"II; Part A;

(b) Provisional requirements for RMC products from inside the Region are, .. given in Attachment EU-II, Part B.

Transmission priorities for WMC and RMC output products exchanged on the ~~~!~~§!=~~~!!~~~=~!=!~~=~!~--------------------------------------------

(To be developed.)

ANNEX IX' 143

4.3 Transmission priorities for WMC and RMC output products exchanged on the ~~~!~~~!=~~~!!~~~=~!=!~~=~!~--------------------------------------------

(To be developed.)

4.4 WMC and RMC output products which must be exchanged in pictorial form ~!!~!~=!~~=~~~!~~--------------------------~-------------------------

A provisional list of products which must be exchanged in pictorial form within the Region is given in Attachment EU-I (taken from the final report of the second session of the RA VI Working Group on Co-ordination of Requirements for Data in GRID-code form).

4.5

Provisional requirements for WMC and RMC products to be exchanged in GRID/GRAF code form within Region VI are given in Attachment EU-II (taken from the final report of the second session of the RA VI Working Group on Co-ordination of Requirements for Data in GRID-code form).

PART II

NON-REAL-TIME DATA PROCESSING - REGIONAL AND NATIONAL ASPECTS

1.

NOTE:

1.1

1.2

the Region:

2.

NOTE:

Data to be stored at centres (RMCs and NMCs) within the Region

The general responsibilities for storage of data at RMCs are given in Volume I, Part III, paragraph 2.1.2 and Attachment III.2.

Responsibilities for storage of observational and processed data at . --------Ji----Ji-----------------------------------------------------~~~!-~~!-~~-!-=-~=~~~~ (To be developed.)

Special requirements for storage of observational and processed data ~!=~~~=~!!~!~=!~~=~~~!~~-------------------------------------------

The following are special requirements for storage of data at NMCs within

(a) Hungary: SYNOP from Europe four times a day, from Carpathian basin eight times a day;

(b) German Democratic Republic: NWP and other forecast data and trans­port routeings;

(c) Sweden: Global ship observations carried out by Swedish ships;

(d) Yugoslavia: Data needed for Alpine data bank to be used for ALPEX.

Minimum standards for quality control of non-real-time data in the Region

Minimum standards for quality control of data for non-real-time use in the GDPS are given in Volume I, Attachment II.l.

144

2.1

2.2

2.3

3.

NOTE:

3.1

3.2

4.

NOTE:

4.1

4.2

4.3

ANNEX IX

(To be developed.)

(To be developed.)

Standards established nationally, not included in global or regional !!~~~~~~~~=~~~=~!=!~!~~~!!=!~=~!~~~=~~~~~~~-------------------------

(To be developed.)

Classification and cataloguing of stored data in the Region

Volume I, Part III, paragraph 4 establishes recommended procedures for classification and cataloguing of data.

(To be developed.)

(To be developed.)

Media and formats for exchange of stored data in the Region

Volume I, Part III, paragraphs 5.1 and 5.4 gives recommended media and formats for exchange of stored data.

~=~~~_i~~_=~~~~~~~~~_~!~~=~_~~!~_~~!~~~_!~=_~=~~~~

The following media are recommended for use within the Region:

(a) Magnetic tape with 9 tracks, 1/2 inch and'SOO bpi;

(b) Standard paper tape with five or eight tracks, using International Alphabets Nos. 2 and 5 respectively.

(To be developed.)

Responsibilities of Members for exchange of non-real-time data within !~~=~~~!~~-----------------------------~-----------------------------

(To be developed.)

1. text:

ANN E X X

Annex to Resolution 12 (VIII-RA VI)

STANDARDIZATION OF VOLUME II OF THE MANUAL ON CODES, VOLUME II,

CHAPTER VI, PART A

Replace the present text under the heading FM 20-V RADOB by the following

6/20.1 Part B, Section 2 6/20.1.1 This section shall be used in the following form:

51515 nlREEE (/heheHeHe) n2REEE

(jh h H H ) e e e e

---------n REEE (/h h H H ). nee e e

6/20.1.2

This section shall be used to indicate the range of the radar equipment and the angle of elevation of the antenna at the time of observation of each of the echo systems described in Part B using each series of groups etW I a H to /999/.

e e e e

6/20.1.3

6/20.1.3.1

6/20.1.4

6/20.1.4~1

6/20.1.5

6/20.1. 5.1

Group nlREEE

This group shall refer to the first system of echoes described.

This group shall refer to the second system of echoes, etc.

Group (/h h H H ) e e e e

These groups, when included, shall indicate the height of the base and the top of the systems of echoes described.

2. Replace the present text under heading FM 32-V PILOT and FM 33-V PILOT SHIP by the following:

6/32.1 Part A,Section 2

When upper-wind observation is carried out without ~imultaneo.us . pressure measurement, the following altitudes shall be used as approximations to the standard pressure levels:

146

NOTE:

NOTE:

ANNEX X

Standard isobaric surface (hPa) Altitude or

850 1500 1500 700 3000 3000 500 5500 5400 400 7000 7200 300 9000 9000 250 10500 10500 200 12000 12000 150 13500 13500 100 16000 15900

6/32.2 Part A, Section 3

The inclusion or omission of the group (4vbvbvava) shall be left to national decision.

Members are encouraged to include this group as often as possible.

6/32.3 Part B, Section:4

(i) When upper-wind observation .is carried out without simultaneous pressure measurement and altitudes are indicated in geopotential units (use of the symbolic form 8/9t u1 u2u3 ddfff) , wind data shall be included in this section foQ the following levels:

Either 1000, 2000, 4000 m (when the group 8tnu1u2

ua shall be used);

Or: 900, 2100, 4200 m (when the group 9tnu1u2u3 shall be used).

By national decision additional levels, not exceeding two, may be selected -and included.

(ii) When upper-wind observation is carried out with simultaneous pressure measurement, and altitudes are indicated in pressure units (in whole hectopascals) (us~ of the symbolic form 21212 n n P P P d d f f f ), wind data shall be included in this section fgrnt~ens~gHi~i2aHtnlevelsas well as for the following fixed regional -levels:

900, 800 and 600 hPa (considered as approximations to the levels 1000, 2000 and 4000 m, respectively).

6/32.3.1 The different levels of Section 4 shall be inserted so that they succeed each other in ascending order of altitude.

6/32.4 Part C,'Section 2

_When upper-wind observation is carried out without simultaneous pressure measuremEmt, the following altitudes shall be used as approximations to the standard isobaric surfaces:

Standard isobaric surface (hPa)

70 50 30 20 10

6/32.5 Part C, Section 3

ANNEX X

Altitude

18500 20500 23500 26500 31000

Regulation 6/32.2 shall apply.

6/32.6 Part 0, Section 4

or

18300 20700 23700 26400 30900

147

This section shall contain wind data for significant levels up to the top of the ascent.

6/32.7 Requirements for international exchange. All Parts A, B, C and 0 shall be included in international exchange.

3. Replace the present text under heading FM 35-V TEMP and FM 36-V TEMP SHIP with text proposed in the annex to Resolution 14 (VIII- RA VI), i.e. Annex XI.

4. text:

5.

6.

Replace the present text under heading FM 48-V ARMET with the following

6/48.1

6/48.2

Replace the

6/53.1

Replace the

6/67.1

6/67.2

Group QL L L L a a 0 0

This group shall be used to report positions.

Group dd ff fTT

Negative temperatures shall be indicated by inserting the letter M before the absolute value of the temperature.

present text under heading FM 53-V ARFOR by the following:

Group AAAAA

Plain language shall be used in place of the zone indicator AAAAA.

present text under heading FM 67-VI HYDRA by the following:

The use of this code and, in particular, the inclusion or omission of various sections shall be left to national decision.

Group TsnTtTtTt Code figures 6 and 7 shall be used for the following specifi­cations of t (code text 4001):

6 air temperature measured 12 hours before the time of obser­vation.

148·

8.

ANNEX -·X·

7 water temperature measured-12 hours before the time of observation. ~.

Replace the present text under heading FM 68-VI HYFOR by the following:

6/68.1 Regulation 6/6t~'~ shall apply.

Replace the present text under heading FM 85-VI SAREP-by the following:

NOTE: For section 5 no regional regulations have been :developed.

9. Replace in Section A-2 - Regional code forms, Notes and regulations, the existing Code RF 6-01 EXFOR by the followirig6ne:

RF 6-01 EXFOR - Forecast of extreme temperatures : _ ..

Code Form; EXFOR IIiii Tx.l Txl Tn.l Tn.l Tx2 (Tx2Tn2Tn2C]Cl)

NOT E S:

(1) The code form 6-:01 (EXFOR) is used for the reporting of forecast extreme temperatures.

(2) Members requiring these forecasts from other Members arrange for the exchange of EXFOR reports on the basis of bilateral or multilateral agreement.

(3) The group in brackets is used only on special request between Members.

REG U L A T ION S

6/01.1

GENERAL

6/01.1.1

6/01.2 _

6/01.2.1

6/01.3

6/01. 3.1

6/01. 3. 2

6/01.4

6/01.4.1

The code name EXFOR shall be included at the beginning of an individual report; however, in case of a group of such reports the code name EXFOR shall be included only in the heading of the collective.

Group T IT 1 T 1 T IT 2 x. x n. n x

If the group (rx2Tn2Tn2C1Cl) is not trdnsmitted the last symbolic letter of the first grqup shall be coded as T x2= /. _

This optional group shall be included only when information on extreme temperatures of the next day and following riight is needed.

The two confidence figures C1 and Cl refer to Tx2Tx2 and Tn2Tn2 respectively.

International exchange

The arrangement of the exchange of EXFOR reports shall be left to the Members concerned.

ANN £ X XI

Annex to Resolution 14 (VIII-RA VI)

REGIONAL CODING PROCEDURES FOR REPORTING DATA

FOR THE 925 hPa SURFACE

Amendments to the Manual on Codes, Volume II, Chapter VI, Part A:

1. Replace the present text under the heading FM 35-V TEMP and FM 36-V TEMP SHIP by the following:

6/35.1

Part A, Section 4

The inclusion or omission of the group (4vbvbvava ) shall be left to national decision.

NOTE: Members are encouraged to include this group as often as possible.

6/35.2

Part S, Section 9

6/35.2.1

This section shall be used in the following form:

51515

-22800 ddfff

33600 ddfff

52525

6/35.2.2

The subsection beginning with the symbolic figure group 51515 shall be included to transmit the following wind data:

(i) Wind for 900 or 1000 metres above the surface, described by groups llPlPlPl dldlflflfl in which PlPlPl is the pressure (hPa) at

900 or 1000 metres above the surface. These winds are included to calculate wind vector differences;

(ii) Wind for 800 hPa, described by groups 22800 ddfff;

(iii) Wind for 600 hPa, described by groups 33600 ddfff.

150 ANNEX XI

6/35.2.3

The subsection beginning'with the symbolic figure group 52525 shall be included to transmit geopotential, air temperature, dew-point depression and wind data for 925 hPa,when the station pressure is above 925 hPa.

6/35.3

Part C, Section 4

Regulation 6/35.1 shallapply~

6/35.4

International exthange

All Parts A, B, C and 1) shall be included in the international exchange.

2. Insert under the heading SPECIFICATION OF SYMBOLIC LETTERS, 1Jt the appropriate place:

Dew-point depression at the 925 hPa level. (international code 0777) (FM 35-V, FM 36-V)

True direction (rounded off to the nearest 5°), in tens of degrees~ from which the wind is blowing at the 925 hPa level. (FM 35-V, FM 36-V)

Wind speed, in metres per second or knots, at the 925 hPa level (FM 35-V, FM 36-V) (1) See Note (1) under dd.

(2) See Note (I) under yy.

Geopotential of the 925 hPa level in standard geopotential metres. (FM 35-V, FM 36-V)

Approximate ten"ths value and sign (plus or ~inus) of the air temperature at the 925 hPa level (international code 3931) (FM 35-V, FM 36-V)

Tens and uni t digits of air temperature., not rounded off, in degrees Celsius, at the 925 hPa level. (FM 35-V, FM 36_V)

(1) The tenths of the temperature, which is .. measured in degrees and tenths, shall be indicated by means of Ta9.

1.

6-02/1

6-02/2

6-02/3

2.

3.

ANN E X XII

Annex to Resolution 15 (VIII-RA VI)

REGIONAL-CODE FOR GENERAL AVIATION FORECASTS IN EUROPE

Add to the Manual on Codes, Volume II, Chapter VI, Part A-~ the following:

RF 6- 02 GAFOR GENERAL AVIATION FORECAST

GAFOR

or

BBBB

CCCC

(zone number(s»

(zone number(s»

www 9 9 9

w (k) (/w (k» 9 9

TTTTT G' G' G' G' 1 122 w (k) (/w (k» 9 9

LLL w (k) 9

(w'w' )

(w'w')

(w'w')

The GAFOR message shall include the information following indicator AAM or the one following BBBB,_ but not both of them.

In section BBBB, if one visibility/cloud base category ap~lies, use shall be made of" \I (k) • If the category is expected to be within two limits, use shall begmade of w,(k)/w (k).

9 9

NOTE: Each category of w includes its lower but not its upper threshold values for visibility andgcloud base.

Zone number(s) shall be given as a a for sub-area or route segment; .g g . -.

a a /o.a for continuous series of sub-area/route segments (example: - 9 9 . 9 9 61/67 means 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 and 67), or a a a a

9 9 g 9 for non-continuous sequence of sub-areas (example: 61, 63, 6~ 67).

Insert under meaning of symbolic words and groups:

GAFOR: Gener.al aviation forecast

(Zone number(s»: forecasts refer.

Indication of sub-areas/route segments to which w (k) 9

Insert under specification of symbolic letters ~t the ·appropriate place:

CCCC ICAO indicatgr of the centre originating the GAFOR message.

Period of validity of the forecast.

152

AAAA

BBBB

a a g 9

w g

k

w'w'

TTTTT

LLL

ANNEX XII

Indicator letter group used to identify forecasts of pre­vailing conditions of visibility and cloud base throughout the. six-hour period specified by GIGIG

2G2, in three

perl.ods of two hours.

Indicator letter group used to identify forecasts of the prevailing condition of visibility and cloudbase throughout the six-hour peri?d specified by GI GI G2G2 by means of change groups as appropr1ate.

Sub-area or route segment for which the forecast is provided (specified by the country concerned).

Category of . forecast prevdiling conditioris of visibility and cloudbase (code table 691).

Index used to specify a suh-category of w , when w is M or D (code table 691). . 9 g

Significant forecast weather (WMO code table 4678).

Change ·indicator.

lCAO standard abbreviation to specify. variations in space ..

*

* *

AN\!EX XII

4. Insert under specification of cod~ figures the following code table:

691

w - category of forecast prevailing conditions of visibility and g cloud base

Cloudbase ( ft)

2000

k = 2

----------------------~~--~~~-'-

153

= 4 k = 3 k = 1 ..... _-- Wg = 0

1000

k = 2

500

1.5 8

k = 1 ..... ___ Wg = M

/

• Wg = X

Visibility (km)

5. Add a list of sub-areas/route segments with specifications as notified by Members at a similar 'place as the list of basin indicators.

ANN E X XIII

Annex to Resolution 17 (VIII-RA VI)

AMENDMENTS TO THE MANUAL ON THE GTS, VOLUME II -

REGIONAL ASPECTS - EUROPE, PART I - ORGANIZATION

OF THE REGIONAL METEOROLOGICAL TELECOMMUNICATION P~AN "'. - .r-' .• ~ ~~~.. .' ,0":1 ,.." :~-'

IN REGIO~ VI (EUROPE)

(1) Paragraph 3.4: lones,bf responsibility of RTHs for the collettionoLobserva-:-,tionalj data froni' Region VI ; ;, . '

First sentence to read~ ;" 0_'.:

"The RTHs in the Regio~ have the following zortes "Of r~sponsibili ty for the collection of observational data, including ships' weather reports and air­craft weather reports,; from Region VI:"

(2) Delete in the table of~paragraph 3.4 under - lDne of responsibility - the word "$hips"", _ ,

(3') Paragraph 3.5.3.3 - Exchanges of meteorological information b~tween Regions VI and II are made:

(4)

"(a) Through the ,segments of ,the Main Trunk C~rcuit t1oscow-N~w I?~l,hi and Offenbach-Beijing;"

Paragraph 4.1.3 to read as follows: . .~. -.

"OWS Operated by. Radiotelegraphy Radiotelephony ",

C U.S.S.R. C7C Ocean station CHARLIE

'L- . '. Nether lands and U.K. C7l Ocean s~ation LIMA jointly

M 'Norway' C7M Ocean station MIKE

R ,~ , ' f:~'once C7R Ocean station ROMEO"

(5) Paragraph 5.1(a) to read~

"Aircraft reports for synoptic purposes

(a) Each collection centre, designated by lCAO, transmits aircraft reports to the NMC of the country in which the collecting centre is situated. The NMC transmits 'these aircraft reports to the appropriate regional collecting centre. The appropriate regional collecting centre is the RTH in Region VI in which zone of responsibility the NMC is located.

(b) • ••.•• 11

ANNEX XIII 155

(6) Delete the "NOTE" at the end of paragraph 5.1.

(7) Figure 1 - Regional Telecommunication Network for Region VI (Europe).

Add:

(i) Regional circuit: Moscow-Helsinki and Paris-Lisbon;

(ii) Supplementary inter-regional circuit: Amman-Jeddah;

(iii) Replace Lisbon-Santa Maria-Washington by Lisbon-Washington*.

(8) Delete: Table II - Arrangements for collection of aircraft reports for synoptic purposes.

(9) Figure 2 - Principles for routeing of observational data in Region VI (Europe):

Replace the present Figure 2 by the new attached Figure 2.

(10) Table I - Present status and future plans for the implementation of the Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network in Region VI (Europe) •

Replace the present Table I by the new attached Table I.

* Subject to agreement by RA IV.

*

* *

~ IBPACfNE\'~ 2

INORR~OPIN? 2

~ '"

\ II 1

' ..

!3R4S~ELSJ I 1,3~~6,7,~!~ 2,5 POTSDAt-1 I ..... - .,,' ... ,~,,, WARSAW

f\ 2,3,4,5,6,1,8,9 lJ 3,4.,,6,8 1,3,4,6,1,e,<I ~ 2,5, I

1,2,3,4,5,6,~8,9

I PAf'S 1 .....

1,3

1,3.

,

"3'4'6' 5;,;9' ...- IOFFE~BACHI " /'

I PRtGUEI 1 .... ~4"'6 .. 7,e 2~

2,4,5,7" 8:9 /' ....... ...- .-,,-

2,4,5,1,8,9 V \ 1,2,3,4,5,7.8

\ 1,2,3,4/~ 5,1,9 "

11,3,4,1,8

BlJCARESTJ BUDAPESTj "~ 6,9

111,3,4,7,6 .. 5~7:8 .. $" 1:3~4!6~8 ~ 2" 5,6,9 1,3,6

I RO~E I .'

I VrE~NA I /' 6:9 I S~FIA I

6,~9

.'

",3,4,6 2,,5,7,8,9

LEGE!,£): l' 1 ' ~

1 = l' +

NPTE 1 :

NOTE 2

2,5,718/~

iATHENS 1,3,4,6

"

Figure 2 - Principles for routeirl!~ of observational data in Region VI (Europe)

9' - programmes of observational (surfoce and upper-cir) data ref~rring to main, sy'OQptic h9u.;'~ 9" - Rrogrorrmes for o~s~rv~tionol dota referring to int~:rmediate synoptic hour~ and c;lther datQ

. re,g, hourly reports) . 1" .

Centres on th~ Mqil'! Truok Ci;-cu; t ~" Region VI, ~i th §pe~i~~ re5ponsiqil~ t;~$ fq;- t~~ i!"l;?ert;or, of dote received fr9m ot.h.~;:·Reg~ons, ere as f.ollo,,!~: . .

Point of insertion Brocknell Moscow Paris Offenboch

From zones of responsibility of WMC/~TH Melbol;Jrne, Tokyo, Washingtgn, Brasilia, ~eijin9 New Delhi, Cai~o . Algier~, DekQ:r Nai:n:~pi

The routeing of processed infor~otio!1 on th~ EMTN is subject to bilote.rel/mul tilatera~ o9re~ments

* Only data from Turkey and Greece

5,1,9

MOSCOW 5

\ 2,5

~ 1.11 0-

~ rr1 X

X ~

::t

1. MTC and its branehes

Moscow-Prague

Prague-Offenbach

Offenbach-Paris

Paris-Bracknell

Bracknell-Washington

Moscow-New Delhi

Moscow-Cairo

Offenbach-Nairobi

Offenbach-Beijing

TABLE I

PRESENT STATUS AND FUTURE PLANS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE REGIONAl METEOROLOGICAL TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK IN REGION VI (EUROPE)

Pr~sent operational status

Cable, 1200 bit/s data, hardware EDC

Cable, 2400 bit/s data, software EDC

Cable, 4800 bit/s data/FAX,. software EDC + 4800 bit/s coded digital FAX

Cable, 2400 bit/s data/FAX, software EDC

Satellite, 2400 bit/s data/FAX, software EDC

HF/ISB, 1200 bit/s special EDC + satellite 1 FAX

Satellite, 50 bauds

Satellite, 2 x 75 bauds + 1 FAX

Satellite, 3 x 75 bauds + I FAX

Future plans

Cable, 2400 or 4800 bit/s data/FAX

Cable, V.29, 4800/2400/2400 data/FAX, software EDC

Cable, V.29, 2400 bit/s data, X.25 LAPB + 2400 bit/s FAX + 4800 bit/s coded digital FAX (1984)

Coble, V.29, 2400 bit/s data, software EDC + 4800 bit/s digital FAX (1982)

Satellite, V.29, 4800/2400/2400 bit/s data/FAX, software EDC

Satellite, 2400 bit/s, software EDC

Satellite, 1200 bit/s special EDC + 1 FAX I

2400 bit/s data FAX

Satellite, V.29, 4800/2400/2400 data/FAX, X.25 LAPB

NOTES (1) Data/FAX = transmission on a time-sharing basis on the same channel. (2) Data + FAX = transmission on two separate channels used for data and FAX transmissions respectivelyo (3) An entry of "FAX" in this table does not necessarily mean that FAX is transmitted in both directions o

~ Z ITl X

X 1-1 1-1 1-1

..... 01 "'I

Present operational status Future plans

2. Main regional circuits

Bracknell-Offenb9ch, , . - , .. \ '". Cable, V'o 29," 4800/ ?400/ 2400·. bi t/ s da ta/FAX • . . , software. EDC

Bracknell-Brussels

Brussels-Paris

Paris-Rome: .

Ror:ne-Of fenbach

Off!'lnbac/1-ViennQl

Offenbacb-Nor~kBpipg . ~. .

yi~nna-:Pragu!'l,

Prague-Budapest

Sofia-Prague

~uda~est~B~cha~est

Buchares.t-;-Sofia

Sofia-M9.scow

Prago,e-:-'Potsdam

Potsdam-Warsaw

Warsclw-Moscow

Moscow-Norrkoping

Rome-Athens

Sofia-Athens

':,i

Cable, 2400 bit/s l software EDC

Cable, 2400 bit/s, software EDC

Cable, 2400 bi t/ sdata/FAX , software EDC

Cable/ 2400 bit/s data, software EDC

Cable, Vo29, 2400 bit/s data, software EDC + 4800 bit/s digital FAX

Cable, V 029, 2400 bit/ s data', software EDC + 4800 bit/s digital FAX

Cable,,' V.29, 4~OO/2400/2400 bit/s data + FAX, ~able, .Vo29, 4800/2400/2400 bit/s data/FAX, software EDC ' X.25 LAPB

Cable, ·2400 ~it/s:data, software EDC

Cable, 24;OQ bit/ s dqtcr,. software EDC

Cable, 1200 bit/s data, hardware EDC

Cdble, r200bit/~ data1FAX p hardware EDC

C~ble, 50 + 100 'bauds +' 1 FAX" .

Cqble, 75 .paud~ .FAX, +.1 x,50,baud~

Ca~le, 1200 !:litis dqta/FAX,hardware EDC

Cable, 600 bit/s data

Cable, 600 bit/s data

C6b:ke',' "l;200bit/~',: da.tq/FAX·, ha:rdware EDC.:

Cable, i200 b'it/ s data; h~rdware EDc'

Cable, 2400 bit/s data/FAX, sQftware EDC + 1 x 50 bauds

Cable, 1200 bit/s data, software EDC + 1 x 50 bauds

Cable, Vo29, 4800/2400/2400 bit/s data + FAX, software EDC

Cab~e, 2 x 4800 bit/s data + FAX,.so.ftware EDC

Cable, 1200 bit/s data, hardware EDC (1982)

Cable, 1200 bit/s dat.a/FAX, software EDC

Cable, 2400 bit/s data/FAX

Cable, 1200 bit/s data, software asynchronous procedure with backward control channel

Cable, 1200 bit/s data, software asynchronous procedure with backward control channel

Cable, 2400 bit/s, software EDC

Cable, 2400 bit/s data/FAX, software EDC

I-' 01 c:o

~ z (TJ

'x X H H H

Present operational status

3. Regional circuits

Bracknell-Dublin Cable, 1200 bit/s software EDC + 1 FAX

Bracknell-De Bilt Cable, 1200 bit/s, software EDC + 1 FAX

Bracknell-Reykjavik Cable, Vo29, 4800/2400/2400 bit/s data/FAX, software EDC

Reykjavik-Spndre Strpmfjord UHF/cable, 50 bauds

Bracknell-Oslo Cable, 1200 bit/s, software EDC

Bracknell-Copenhagen + Oslo Cable, FAX

Oslo-Copenhagen Cable, 1200 bit/s , software EDC

Paris-Madrid

Madrid-Lisbon

Paris-Zurich

Prague-Warsaw

Moscow-Helsinki

Offenbach-Bet Dagan

Offenbach-Potsdam

Rome-Zurich

Vienna-Budapest

Vienna-Belgrade

Paris-Lisbon

Belgrade-Budapest

Rome-Malta

Rome-Beirut

SoHa-Larnaca

Cable, 2400 bit/s data, software EDC + I FAX + 1 x 50 bauds

Cable, 3 x 50 bauds

Cable~ 50 bauds

Cable, 100 bauds

Cable, 50 bauds

Cable, 50 bauds

Cable, 100 bauds

Cable, 50 bauds

Cable, 100 bauds

Cable, 2 x 100 bauds

Cable., 4800 bi t/ s data, software EDC

Cable, 50 bauds

Cable, 2 x 50 bauds (AFTN)

Cable, 50 bauds (AFTN)

Cable, 100 bauds

Future plans

Cable, V.29, 2400 bit/s data, software EDC + 4800 bit/s FAX (1983)

Cable, 2400 bit/s data/FAX, software EDC

Cable, 1200 bit/s, Xo25 LAPB

Cable, 200 bit/s (ITA No.5)

Cable, 2400 bit/s, Xo25

Cable, 4800 bit/s/FAX, software EDC

HF/ISB, 75 bauds

i JTI X

X I-f I-f 1-1

..... 01 \Q

Sofia-Belgrade

Sofia-Tirana

Sofia-Ankara

Sofia-Damascus

Sofia-Amman

Damascus-Beirut

Oslo-Norrkoping

Norrkoping-Copenhagen

Norrkoping-Helsinki

Offenbach-Zurich

Rome-Ankara

Amman-Damascus

Present operational status

Cable, 50 bauds

HF, 50 bauds

Cable, 50 bauds

HF, 50 bauds

HF, 50 bauds

VHF, 50 bauds

Cable, 100 bauds

Cable, 100 bauds

Cable, 2400 bit/s, software EDC

Cable, Vo29, 4800/2400/2400 bit/s data/FAX, software EDC

Cable, 50 bauds

Cable, 50 bauds

4. Inter-regional circuits

Damascus-Cairo

Paris-Algiers

Rome-Algiers

Paris-Casablanca

Madrid-Casablanca

Lisbon-Casablanca

Paris-Dakar

Rome-Tunis

Cable, 2400 bit/s data/FAX, software EDC + 1 x. 50 bauds

Cable, 50 bauds

Cable, 50 bauds

Cable, 50 bauds

Satellite,· 2. x 50 bauds + 1 FAX

Cable, 50 bauds

Future plans

Cable! 100 bauds

2400 bit/s data/FAX (uncoded digital.FAX), software EDC (1983/1984) .

Cable, 2400 bit/s + uncoded digital FAX

Cable, 2400 bit/s + uncoded digital FAX

Cable, 75 bauds

Xo25 LAPB

2400 bit/s data/FAX (uncoded digi~al FAX), software EDC (1983/1984)· . .

HF, 50 bauds

Cable, V.29, 2400 bit/s software EDC + 4800 bit/s coded digital FAX

Not yet determined

2400 bit/s data, software EDC + FAX

Not yet determined

Cable, 50 bauds

Cable, 100 bauds

Cable, 1200 bit/s data/FAX

.... 0-o

» ~ IT! X

X 1-1 1-1 H

Rome-Tripoli

Moscow-Tehran

Moscow-Novosibirsk

Moscow-Khabarovsk

Moscow-Tashkent

Lisbon-Washington

Amman-Jeddah

Present operational status

Cable, 50 bauds

HF, 50 bauds (temporarily not in operation)

Cable, 1200 bit/s data/FAX, hardware EDC + 2400 bit/s coded digital FAX

Cable, 1200 bit/s data/FAX, hardware EDC + . 2400 bit/so coded digital FAX

Cable, 1200 bit/s data/FAX, hardware EDC + 2400 bit/s coded digital FAX

Cable, 50 bauds

HF, 50 bauds

50 WMC/RTH radio broadcasts

Bracknell 1 RTT and 1 FAX

Moscow 2 RTT and 2 FAX

Norrkoping 1 FAX

Offenbach 1 FAX (120/240 rop.mo)

Paris 1 RTT and 1 FAX

Prague 1 FAX

Rome 1 RTT and 1 FAX

Sofia 1 RTT and 1 FAX

Future plans

Cable, V.29, 2400 bit/s, software EDC + 4800 bit/s coded digital FAX

Cable, V.29, 2400 bit/s, software EDC + 4800 bit/s coded digital FAX

Cable, V.29, 2400 bit/s, software EDC + 4800 bit/s coded digital FAX

Upgrading to 240 rop.mo

Combined ISB transmission

i ", >< >< .... t-t t-t

..... 0-.....

ANN E X XIV

Annex to Resolution 18 (VllI-RA VI)

AMENDMENTS TO THE MANUAL ON THE GTS, VOLUME II, REGIONAL ASPECTS -;;EUROP~ - PART II -TELECOMMUNICATION PROCEDURES FOR REGION VI (EUROPE) .

(1) Delete the present paragraph 1 - General procedures - ,and r,eplt1ce it by the following new paragraph 1:

"General procedures

In general, tele~ommunication procedures applied ih Regional Association VI should conform to the meteorological telecommunicationc procedures for the GTS as included in the Mcmual on .the GTS, Volume I - Global ;~sp~cts ""cp.~rt II."

(2) Delete paragraph 1.1.2. "

.' ~ ",

(3) Renumber the present paragraphs 1.1.3 and 1.1.4 to becom~ parcigraphs 1;1.2 and 1:1.3, respectively.

(4) The end of new paragraph 1.1.3(d) should read as follows: ,-

" Q centre exists " so that it may be edited and coded before h:ansmission over the Global Telecommunication System."

(5) Delete paragraph 1. 4 and renumber paragraphs 1. 5 and 1. 6 'as 1. 4- and 1. 5, re­spectively.

(6) Delete 'paragraph 3.3.

(7) Add a new paragraph 3.3 to read:

"3.3 Data banks for observational data and processed information, operated by Members of Regional Association VI, can be interrogated by Members of Region VI. The characteristics of these data banks are given in Attachment EU-III, (EU-III to be provided later)."

(8) Add a new paragraph 4:

"40 Error-control procedures for data tr9nsmission

The Balanced Link Access Procedures (LAPB) as specified in CCITT Recommend­ation X.25 should be given preference in f~ture implementations in Region VI."

ANN E X XV

Annex to Resolution 19 (VIII-RA VI)

AMENDMENTS TO THE MANUAL ON THE GTS, VOLUME II

REGIONAL ASPECTS - EUROPE, PART III -

ENGINEERING OF CENTRES AND CIRCUITS -

AND ASSOCIATED OPERATING PROCEDURES IN REGION VI

(1) Change title to read:

"PART III

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE REGIONAL METEOROLOGICAL TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK IN REGION VI (EUROPE)"

(2) Delete paragraphs 1 to 5 and replace by the following paragraph:

"1. General

The technical characteristics and specifications for the Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network in Region VI should conform to the provisions of the Manual on the·GTS, Volume I - Global aspects - Part III."

(3) Insert the following new paragraphs:

"2. Transmission on telephone-type circuits

2.1 For data transmission at data-signalling rates of 2400, 4800 and 9600 bit/s on telephone-type dedicated circuits, preference should be given to use of modems in accordance with CCITT Recommendation V.29 including multiplexing.

2.2 When using V.29 modem type, independent channels, ·provided by multiplexing techniques, should be used for the transmission of data and facsimile.

NOTE 1

NOTE 2

Transmission of data and facsimile in the same bit stream is under study.

For further guidance see Attachment EU-II."

ATTACHMENT EU-II

Application of multiplexing techniques in accordance with modems specified by CCITT Recommendation V.29

1. General

(a) Dedicated circuits should be terminated at both ends with the same modem in accordance with CCITT Rec. V.29.

164 ANNEX XV

(b) A telephone-type circuit refers to a cable, landline, UHF or satellite link with a bandwidth of 300 Hz to 3400 Hz.

(c) The quality of the circuit shall correspond to the requirements laid down in CClTT Rec. M. 1020. However, if the quality of the circuit does not exceed the standards'of Rec. M.I040conslderably,· then there may be no need to call for the use of the special quality circuit Rec. M.I020 •

. (d) All channels proviCled by multiplexing hcive an interface according to CCITT Recs. V. 24 and V. 28 •.

2. Possible arrangements for channellihg

(a) A telephone-type circuit with a data-signalling rate of 9600 bit/so

(b) A telephone-type circuit with a data-signalling rate of 9600 bit/s sub­divided into 2 x 4800 bit/s channels.

(c) A telephone-type circuit with a data-signalling rate of 9600 bithsub­divided into 4 x 2400 bit/$ channels.

(d) A telephone-type circuit with a data-signalling rate of 9600 bit/s sub­divided into 1 x 4800 'and 2 x 2400 bit/so

(e) In addition to the above specified channelling, one or two low-speed channels can be provided in some models of modems. Since these channels are not specified in Rec. V.29, their operation is subject to agreement between adjacent centres.

3. Use of multiplexed channels

(a) All channels can be used for data transmission.

(b) All channels can be used for coded or non-coded digital facsimile trans­mission. A data-signalling rate of 4800 bit/s is recommended for non­coded digital facsimile with drum spee~ of 120 rpm.

(c) All channels with a minumum data-signalling rate of 2400 bit-Is can be used for asynchronous data transmission with a speed ranging from 50 to 600 bit/s (distortion of a 2400 bit/s channel used for asynchronous trans­mission with 600.bit/s equals 25%).

NOTE: An example of the use of multiplexed channels is given in the appendix to this attachment (as an interim measure un~il the Guide on the GTS is . published) •

4. Operational conditions

(a) The conventional type of analogue facsimile scanners and recorders can be used for non-coded digital·fricsimil~ transmissions with the addition of low-cost analogue to digital or digital to analogue converters.

(b) The automatic line equalizers incorporated into the modems according to CClTT Rec. V.29 are suitable to cope with marginal circuit conditions of links according to CClTT Rec. M.I020.

(c) Data transmission carried out with an EDC procedure reqUl.rl.ng a separate backward channel (WMO software and hardware EDC procedures as specified

Anoiooue fox sconner

AID 1-----11 converter I •

Channel A 4800 bitls

Anolooue fox receiver

D/A I-----tlconverter I ..

Telecommunication computer handJrno data transmission with WMO software EDC

A/D convecter:

D/A convecter:

Chonnel B ... 2400bitls

-4-111

Analogue to digital con­vecter

Digital to analogue con­vecter

~ ".

Chonne' C '2400 blt/,

rLowsJ)e.d -.::; coo n no I

(7l5 bUll)

t Avolable for anyus8

V.24-V.28

~t~ac"J

Modem V.29

I I I I I I I

I I I I I .,

I I I I

IDedlcated cir:cult I I I I I I I I I I I I I

.1

/ I I I

m x a 3 -c

'""" (J)

o -..,

:t> ." -0 1""1 o

e 1-1 (II X (J)

-I o 0 -.., 3 e ...... ..... .... -c ...... (J) x (J) 0..

o :::J o ::l ::l (J) ...... (II

~

~ :::r: ~ ~ 1""1 C I 1-1 1-1

o "0 .... ..... Ii ::l :::JO (J) < < 'i .... 0

0.. ...... o (J) C ::l 0.. 3 (J) I'D

c-o '< H C ..... 3 0

C -.., o ...... -.., ..........

1-'. :::J ..... "0 (J) :::J ...... (J) (J) 3:

X c o ....::l :::J::lC C to c ::l ...... ::l 0 (J) 'i 0 ...... ::l (II 0

::l ..... o..(I):::J (J) (J) (II 0 o :::J Q 'i C -I .... ::l c.n c- ::l ~ (J) (J) 0.. ...... -0

C .... "CI 'i ::l Ii .....

o 1'.)<1-1 ....-.. ...... I-t (J) 0..­-(J)

o..~ o .... c-c- ...... ~ '< ...... (J) 3 0 • C 0

...... 0

..... e

.... "0 "0'< ...... (Jl ..... x ~ ... ·0 ::l to 0

:::J o a ::l ::l 0..::J

(Jl o ...... ::l C/I I

~ 1""1 X

x <

...... 0-. 01

ANN E X XVI

Annex to Resolution 21 (VIII-RA VI)

CO-ORDINATED COMMON SYSTEM OF MARINE FORECAST

AREAS IN THE BALTIC SEA

The basis for the uniform system is a three-lev~l.division of the forecast areas: main areas, sub-areas, local areas.

Main areas are described by ~heir geographical names and numbers, as presented in the attached map (Fi~ure 1).

Sub-areas within the main area are described, in general, according to the "point of co~{pass" (e.g. eastern part, southern part, etc.). Exceptions are the sub-areas of 4 and 12, for which their geqgraphical names are recommended to be used: 4 W - Sea of Aaland, 4 E - Archipelago Sea, 12 W - The Belts, 12 E - The Sound.

Local areas are distinguished b~ their local names, e.g. Bight of Hanoe, Gulf of Gdansk, etc.

1.

(1)

(2)

( 3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

( 7)

Names of the main forecast areas:

Bay of Bothnia

The Quark

Sea of Bothnia

(8)

(9)

(10)

Sea of Aaland and Archipelago (11)

Gulf of Finland

Gulf of Riga

Northern Baltic

(12)

(13)

(14)

Central Baltic

South-eastern Baltic

Southern Baltic

Western Baltic

The Belts and the Sound

Kattegat

Skagerrak

(15) Lake Vaenern

ANNEX XVI

2. Boundaries between-main forecast areas:

Between areas 1 and 2

.. .. 2 ., 3

.. .. 3 .. 4

.. .. 4 .. 7

\I .. 5 .. 6

II .. 5 \I 7

II .. 7 .. 8

.. .. 6 .. 8

\I u 8 .. 9

.. .. 9 .. 10

.. I' 10 .. 11

.. .. 11 \I 12

.. .. 12 .. 13

\I .. 13 .. 14

.. .. 14 .. No~th Sea

Notes:

Raton -Stubben

Jarnasudde - Halsogrund

Parallel 60°30' N

Parallel 59°50' N

Parallel 59°00' N

Meridian 23°00' E

Parallel 58°20' N

Meridian 22°00' E

Parallel 56°30' N

Meridian If>OO' E

Falsterbo Arkona

Falsterbo Stevns, Kappel Kirke -Kelsner - Vejsnaes nakke - Gammel PBl

.Sjaellands Odde - Hjelm/Gaasehage, Kullen­Gilbjerghoved

Skogen - Pater Noster

Honstholm - Lindesnes

167

1. For practical reasons, when exchanging the forecasts between the Meteoro­logical Servi~es, the number of the area instead of the whole name can be used. But, when issuing the forecast for the marine User, the number, if used, should always be accompanied by the name of the respective area.

2. When subdividing a main area into sub-areas the number, if used, and the name of the main area should always be mentioned first.

3. When deciding on the names of the main area in the various national languagesi great care should be taken to ensure the best possible correspondence between these and the English names.

168 ANNEX XVI

c/' ~ . 76 :5"

.0< •

~~.-+------~------+-----~~~---+--~ SEA OF

BOTHNIA

m~'-4------~------~------r------+--~

P. 7 (7,'

hvt~----~----~~·p· NORTHEffiv

BALTIC

BALTIC

~--+-~~j'-+------~~~~-4------~~----+-----~~-----+------~<

22'

Figure 1 - Main mar~ne forecast areas of the Baltic Sea

ANN E X XVII

Annex to Resolution 22 (VIII-RA VI)

COMMON DESIGNATION OF MARINE FORECAST AREAS IN THE NORTH SEA

;--t--t--f--+-+-'1-+--+---'bk2?')~

1mo ==(f., p!~ '~IMDAU

On

0'1

t----t--¥.- ------

ANNE X XVIII

Annex to Resolution 34 (VlII-RA VI)

RESOLUTIONS OF RA VI ADOPTED PRIOR· TO ITS EIGHTH SESSION AND MAINTAINED IN FORCE

Res. 25 (IV-RA VI) - NETWORK OF RADIATION STATIONS IN REGION VI

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING paragraphs 2.4.2.5.2.1 and 2.4.2.5.2.2, Part III of the Manual on the Global Observing System,

CONSIDERING the numerous and valuable applications possible with radiation observations,

DECIDES:

(1) That Members of RA VI not so far making observations proceed to create a national radiation network consisting of:

(a) A national radiation centre;

(b) As many main stations as necessary;

(c) As many ordinary stations as necessary;

(2) That the national radiation centre perform the functions and satisfy the conditions recommended by the Working Group on Radiation Instruments and Ob­servations for General Use of the Commission for Instruments and Methods of Ob­servation (see annex below);

(3) That main radiation stations carry out the following minimum programme:

(a) Continuous recording and publication of hourly sums of global solar radiation and sky radiation by means .of pyranometers of the first or second class (~ee Chapter 9 of the Guide to Meteorological Instrument and Observing Practices);

(b) Regular measurement of direct solar radiation;

(c) Recording of sunshine duration;

(4) That at least one main radiation station be established at a represen­tative site in each of the country's main climatic zones;

programme: (5) That ordinary radiation stations carry out the following minimum

(a) Continuous recording and publication of daily sums of global solar radiation;

(b) Recording of sunshine duration;

ANNEX XVIII 171

(6) That the density of ordinary radiation stations be suitable for the study of the climatology of radiation in the Region;

(7) That; in addition to the programmes outlined in (3) and (5) above, main and ordinary radiation stations carry out all other radiation observations of value in meeting the requirements of users;

(8) That each of the Members of RA VI should keep an up-to~date list of the country's radiation stations, giving the following information for each station:

(a) Name and geographical co-ordinates;

(b) Altitud~;

(c) Brief description of the local topography;

(d) Category of station and details of the observational programme;

(e) Details of the radiometers used (type and serial number of each instrument, standardization coefficients, dates of significant changes);

(f) Exposure of the radiometers, including height above ground and the nature of the subjacent surfaces;

(g) Station history (dates of beginning of records r repairs I interruptions or closing of records, changes of name 'of station r impo~tant changes in the observstional programme);

(h) Name of the supervising organization or institute;

(9) That each Member send copies of information es set out in paragraph (8) above and any subsequent rectifications to the chairman of the RA VI Working Grnup on Radiation and to the WMO Secretariat.

*

* *

ANN E X

NATIONAL RADIATION CENTRES

1. A national radiation centre is a centre established at the national level authorized to serve as a centre for the calibration, standardization and checking of the instruments used in the national network of radiation stations and to maintain the national standard instruments necessary for this purpose.

2. A national radiation centre should satisfy the following requirements:

(a) It should possess at least one working standard pyrheliometer of the AngstrHm compensation or silver disc type for use as a n~tional re­ference standard for the calibration of radiation instruments in the national network;

(b) It should compare the national working standard pyrheliometer with a regional working standard pyrheliometer at least once in' five years;

(c) It should ensure an accuracy of the auxiliary measuring equipment of the same order as that of the pyrheliometer;

172 ANNEX XVIII

(d) It should have the necessary facilities and equipment for checking and for the study of the operation and performance of instruments used in the network;

(e) The staff of the centre should provide for continuity and should in­clude at least one specialist with wide experience in radiation.

3. National radiation centres would be responsible for the preparation and keeping up-to-date of all necessary technical information for the operation and main­tenance of the radiometers of the national network.

4. Arrangements should be made for the collection of the results of all radi-ation measurements made in the national network and for the regular scrutiny of these results with a view to ensuring their accuracy and reliability. If this work is done by some other body, the national radiation centre should maintain close liaison with this body.

Res. 25 (V-RA VI) - APPLICATION OF METEOROLOGY TO VARIOUS HUMAN ACTIVITIES

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Article 2(d) of the WMO Convention,

(2) Resolution 8 (EC-XX) on the economic benefits of meteorology,

(3) The proposals submitted to the session by the Secretary-General con­cerning the provision of meteorological services to certain human activities,

CONSIDERING:

(1) The great economic value of the various applications of meteorology to human activities and the possibilities of extending these applications in the Region,

(2) The favourable result of the Symposium on Urban Climate and Building Climatology held in Brussels in 1968,

URGES Members:

(1) To continue and expand their efforts to provide meteorological advice to various human activities;

(2) To make studies of the econom~c value of such applications and to in­form the Secretary-General of the results of such studies as requested in Resolution 8 (EC-XX)*;

(3) To take steps, where necessary, to establish or strengthen the co­operation in Region VI between the Meteorological and Hydrometeorological Services and the users, in all fields of application and, in particular, in more recent fields where such co-operation would be specially fruitful, for example: in city plan­ning; the building industry; air pollution and ocean activities, as well as in the more traditional spheres such as agriculture; aviation; shipping, and so on.

* Resolution 8 (EC-XX) is no longer in force.

ANNEX XVIII 173

Res. 7 (Ext.76-RA VI) - NATIONAL CODING PRACTICES

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Resolution 6 (VI-RA VI) - Rapporteur on Codes,

(2.) WMO Publication No. 306, Manual on Codes, Volume II,

(3.) Annex I, abridged final report, CBS-VI,

CONSIDERING:

(1) That the national coding practices contained in Volume II ~f the Manual on Codes include a variety of different types of coding ~ractice,

(2) That there is a growing need for the standardization of coding prac­tices in messages exchanged over the GTS, in order to facilitat~ the operation of computerized processing,

DECIDES:

(1) That only those national practices which satisfy the guidelines laid down in the annex to this resolution will henceforth be included for publication in Volume II of the Manual on Codes;

(2) That the deadline for the submission of a new list of national coding practices by Members of Regional Association VI will be 1 July 1977*;

URGES Members of RA VI to avoid to the maximum possible extent any devi­ations from international coding procedures.

* Superseded *

* *

ANN E X

NATIONAL CODING PRACTICES

Guidelines for the selection of criteria for the inclusion of . national practices into Volume II of the Manual on Codes:

1.

2.

Practices, other than deviations, of substantial concern to all Members of the Regional Association shall be published.

Practices, other than deviations, of substantial concern to the majority of Members of the Regional Association;

(a) Shall be published; (b) Shall be checked if there is sufficient justification for making

them regional practices.

174

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

ANNEX XVIII

Practices that are deviations from global (Volume I) or regional (Volume II) regulations shall in principle be avoided.

Practices of specific value only to an individual Member's area of res­ponsibility shall not be published.

Practices that are obviously outdated shall not continue to be published.

Practices in reporting horizontal visibility and wind speed, which as a rule are included in Volume I of the Manual on Codes (l-App.), shall not continue to be published in Volume II.

Practices, the exchange of which can be kept to a smaller-scale (e.g. bi-/ tri-lateral) basis, shall not be published; Members wishing to exchange practices on that scale shall be encouraged to make their own agreements between them.

Res. 16 (VII-RA VI) - REGIONAL RADIATION CENTRES OF REGION VI

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING Resolution 11 (EC-XXX),

DECIDES that the following centres be recognized as regional radiation centres in RA VI so long as they fulfil the conditions formulated in the annex to this resolution:

Bracknell, Budapest, Davos, Leningrad, Norrkoping, Trappes/Carpentras, Uccle.

*

* *

ANNEX

REGIONAL RADIATION CENTRES OF REGION VI

Regional Radiation Centres

A Regional Radiation Centre is a centre designated by Regional Association VI to serve as a centre for intra-regional comparisons of radiation instruments within the Region and to maintain the standard instruments necessary for this purpose.

Each Regional Radiation Centre should satisfy the following conditions be­fore it is designated as such and should continue to fulfil them after being desig­nated:

(a)

(b)

It should possess and maintain a standard group of radiometers, which consists of either (i) three standard radiometers of the ~ngstrom, silver disk or absolute radiometer type or (ii) two absolute radiometers;

One of the standard radiometers should be compared at least once every five years against the World Standard Group;

ANNEX XVIII 175

(c) The standard radiometers should be intercompared at least once a year to check the stability of the individual instruments. If the ratio has changed by more than! 0.2 per cent and if the erroneous instru­ments cannot be identified, a recalibration at one of the World Radi­atiori Cen~res has to be performed prior to further use as a standard;

(d) It should have the necessary facilities and laboratory equipment for checking and maintaining the accuracy of the auxiliary measuring equip­ment;

(e) It should provide the necessary outdoor facilities for simultaneous comparison of national standard radiometers from the Region;

(f) The staff of the centre should provide for continuity and should in­clude a qualified scientist with wide experience in radiation.

Res. 22 (VII-RA VI) - BACKGROUND ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION MONITORING

THE REGIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR EUROPE,

NOTING:

(1) Paragraph 2.3.3.4 of the general summary of the abridged report of EC-XXIX,

(2) Resolution 18 (EC-XXX) -WMO activities related to- environmental pollution,

CONSIDERING the need to continue and further increase efforts to provide in­formation on environmental pollution of significance for the work of WMO and the inter­national community,

URGES Members:

(1) In areas where coverage is inadequate to establish additional baseline stations or stations with an extended programme;

(2) To increase the monitoring programme at established background pollu­tion stations in accordance with Resolution 18 (EC-XXX)i

(3) Not already submitting data or doing so on an irregular basis to do so in a regular and timely manner to the WMO Collaborating Centre on background air pollu­tion data;

(4) To consider bilateral or multilateral support to BAPMoN activities in developing countries outside the Region.

Doc. No.

1

2

3

4

5 ADD.l

6

7 ADD.l ADD.2

8

9

10

11

12

LIST OF DOCUMENTS

I. "DOC" series

Title

Provisional agenda

Explanatory memorandum relating to the provisional agenda

Review of previous resolutions and recommendations of the Association and of relevant Executive Committee resolutions

Technical Co-operation Programme

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Observing system, including instruments and methods of observation

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Telecommunication system

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Telecommunication system

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Telecommunication system

Education and Training Programme, Regional aspects

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Marine meteorology, IGOSS and other ocean-related activities -Report by the Rapporteur on Common System for the Designation of Marine Forecast Areas in the Baltic Sea

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Marine meteorology, IGOSS and other ocean-related activities -Report by the Rapporteur on Common System for the Designation of Marine Forecasts Areas in the North Sea

Agenda item

2.2

2.2

12

10

4.1

4.3

4.3

4.3

8

4.5

4.5

Meteorological Applications and 6.1 Environment Programme, Regional aspects - Agricultural meteorology, including regional aspects of the WMO Agriculture and Desertification Programme

Submitted by

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Chairman, working group

Secretary-General

Chairman, working group

Secretary-Generdl

Rapporteur

Rapporteur

Secretary-General

Doc. No.

13

14

15

16 CORR.l

(English only)

17

18 ADD.l

19

20 ADD.l

21

22

23

LIST OF DOCUMENTS

Title

Hydrology and Water Resources Programme, Regional aspects -Report by the Working Group on Hydrology

Research and Development Programme, Regional aspects - Report by the chairman of the RA VI Working Group on Radiation

Hydrology and Water Resources Programme, Regional aspects

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Data-processing system, in­cluding code matters. Report by the Rapporteur on Effective Presentation of Weather Information for Distribution by Mass Media

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Marine meteorology, IGOSS and other ocean-related activities

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects·- Data-processing system, in­cluding code matters - Proposed ODAS code - Report of an ocean data acquisition system

Research and Development Programme, Regional aspects - Atmospheric research, including radiation and atmospheric ozone - Report by the Rapporteur on Atmospheric Ozone

Report by the president of the Association

Meteorological Applications and Environ­ment Programme, Regional aspects -Agricultural meteorology, including regional aspects of the WMO Agriculture and Deserti­fication Programme. Report by the Working Group on Agricultural Meteorology

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Data-processing system, inclu­ding code matters - Standardization of Volume II of the Manual on Codes and re-appointment of a Rapporteur on Codes

Meteorological Applications and Environ­ment Programme; Regional aspects -Environmental Pollution Programme

Agenda item

7

5.1

7

4.2

4.5

4.2

5.1

3

6.1

4.3

6.3

177

Submitted by

Chairman, working group

Chairman, working group

Secretary-General

-Rapporteur

Secretary-General

United Kingdom

Rapporteur

Acting president

Chairman, working group

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Doc. No.

24 CORR.l

25

26

27

28

29

30

31 ADD.l

32

33

LIST OF DOCUMENTS

Title

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Data-processing system, in­cluding code matters - Report by the Rapporteur on Codes

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Data-processing systell} inclu­ding code matters - Regional coding procedures for reporting data for the 925 hPa surface

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Observing system, including instruments and methods of observation -Report hy the Rapporteur on the Use of Satellite Data

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Telecommunication system -Status of implementation of the Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region VI - Europe:--cmd results of the monitoring of the operation of the WWW

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Aeronautical meteorology

World Weather Watch Programme, Rflgional aspects - Data-processing system, in­cluding code matters - Numerical fore­cast products available from the Regional Meteorological Centre at Bracknell

Meteorological Applications and Environ­ment Programme, Regional aspects -Climatology and applications of meteoro­logy, including regional aspects of the WMO plan of action in the field of energy problems - Report by the Rappor­teur on Climatic Atlases

World, Climate Programme, Regional aspects -Climate reference stations for climate variation studies

Research and Development Programme, Regional aspects - Global Atmospheric Research Programme, including ALPEX

World Climate Programme, Regional aspects -the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)

Agenda item

4.2

4.2

4.1

4.3

4.4

4.2

6.2

9

5.3

9

Submitted by

Rapporteur

Secretary-General

Rapporteur

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Uni ted Kingdom

Rapporteur

Secretary~General

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

Doc. No.

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

LIST OF DOCUMENTS

Title

Meteorological Applications and Environment Programme, Regional aspects - Climatology and applica­tions of meteorology, including regional aspects of the WMO plan of action in the field of energy problems - Preparation of World Weather Records, 1971 - 1980

Research and Development Programme, Regional aspects - Atmospheric research, including radiation and atmospheric ozone

Meteorological·Applications and Environ­ment Programme, Regional aspects -Climatology and applications of meteoro­logy, including regional aspects of the WMO plan of action in the field of energy problems - Report by the Rapporteur on Applications of Meteorology to Energy Problems

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Data-processing system, includ­ing code matters - Report by the chairman of the Working Group on Co-ordination. of Requirements for Data in GRID Code Form

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Data-processing system, inclu­ding code matters - Regional code for general aviation forecasts

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Observing system, including instruments and methods of observation Report by the Rapporteur on Regional Aspects of Collection, Exchange and Processing of Radar Information in Digital Form

Research and Development Programme, Regional aspects - Atmospheric research, including radiation and atmospheric ozone - Report by the Regional Ozone Centre of RA VI (Europe)

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Data-processing system, inclu­ding code matters - Supplement to Section VI of Volume II of the Manual on the GDPS

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Integrated WWW System Study

Agenda item

6.2

5.1

6.2

5.2

4.2

4.1

5.1

4.2

4.6

179

Submi tted by

Federal Republic of Germany

Secretary-General

Rapporteur

Chairman, working group

Secretary-General

Rapporteur

German Democratic Republic

Secretary-General

Secretary-General

180

Doc. No.

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

1

LIST OF DOCUMENTS

Title

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Data-processing system, inclu­ding code matters

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Observing system, including instruments and methods of observation"

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Data-processing system, inclu­ding code matters - Exchange of weather warnings

Research and Development Programme, Regional aspects - Atmospheric research, including radiation and atmospheric ozone -Comparison of pyranometersand sunshine recorders

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Observing system, including instruments and methods of observation -Climate data

Hydrology and Water Resources Programme, Regional aspects

Meteorological Applications and Environ­ment Programme, Regional aspects -Climatology and applications of meteor-" ology, including regional aspects of the WMO plan of action in the field of energy problems - Climatological characteristics of small sea basin areas

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Observing system, including instruments and methods of observation -Proposal for a NAVAID station in Malta

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Aviation meteorology - Review of the Area Forecast System

Education and Training Programme, Regional aspects - Regional Meteorological Training Centres (RMTCs)

II. "PINK" series

Opening of the session - Organization of the session - Report by the presi­dent of the Association

Agenda item

4.2

4.1

4.2

5.1

4.1

7

6.2

4.1

4.4

8

1, 2, 3

Submitted by

Federal Republic of Germany

United Kingdom

German Democratic Republic

Hungary

German Democratic Republic

Belgium

Poland

Italy

Italy

Italy

Acting president

Doc. No.

2

3

4 ADD.l

5

6

7

8

9

10 .

11

12

13

14

15

LIST OF DOCUMENTS

Title

Scientific lectures and discussions

World Climate Programme, Regional aspects

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Observing system

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Data-processing system, including code matters

Research and Development Programme, Regional aspects - Investigation of moisture transport in the atmdsphere over the continent of Europe

Research and Development Programme, Regional aspects - Global Atmospheric Research Programme, including ALPEX

Meteorological Applications and Environ­ment Programme, Regional aspects -Agricultural meteorology, including regional aspects of the -WMO Agriculture and Desertification Programme

Meteorological Applications and Environment Programme, Regional aspects - Environmental pollution

Election of officers - Report by the Nomination Committee

Research and Development Programme, Regional aspects - Atmospheric research, including radiation and atmospheric ozone

Meteorological Applications and Environment Programme, Regional aspects - Climatology and applications of meteorology, including regional aspects of the WMO plan of action in the field of energy problems

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Aviation meteorology

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Marine meteorology, IGOSS and other ocean-related activities

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Telecommunication system

Agenda item

11

9

4.1

4.2

5.2

5.3

6.1

6.3

13

5.1

6.2

4.4

4.5

4.3

181

Submitted by

Acting president

Chairman, Committee A

Chairman, Committee A

Chairman, Committee A

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Nomina~ tion Committee

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Committee A

Chairman, Committee A

Chairman, Committee A

182

Doc. No.

16

17

18

19

20

2l

LIST .OF DOCUMENTS

Title

Review of previous resolutions and recommendations of the Association and of relevant Executive Committee resolutions

Hydrology and Water Resources Programme, Regional aspects

Education and iraining Programme, Regional aspects

Technical Co-operation Programme, Regional aspects

World Weather Watch Programme, Regional aspects - Integrated WWW System Study

Election of officers

Agenda item

12

7

8

10

4.6

13

Submi tted by

Chairman, . Commi ttee A

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Committee B

Chairman, Committee A

Acting president