Download - Redefined Banking Sector

8/2/2019 Redefined Banking Sector

1/46

Daa Jgcic`bg baaw cij xbaa

VCX Vd} wrwvj`

Xajdwj ubwbv )ubldrdk~zwmidud~`d)gc` Xdoj 4

^jfjebijf ndikbio wjgvc~

Dnwv~dgv


2/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`

Xajdwj ubwbv )ubldrdk~zwmidud~`d)gc` Xdoj >

^jfjebijf ndikbio wjgvc~D gc``ci vd} wrwvj` ec~ daa idvbciw

Nr UBLDRD K^ZWMID UD^@DB d` wzoojwvbio ij `jvmcfw! `cfjaw! dif biicudvbuj dif davj~idvbuj xcabgbjw bi

vmj d~jdw ce `cijvd~r wrwvj`! nzfojv x~jxd~dvbci! ndikbio ebidigj wrwvj`! xznabg ebidigj!

cxvb`da vd}dvbci! vd} gcaajgvbci! vd} gc`xabdigj! wznwbfbjw!`cijr wzxxar! dif ebwgda xcabgr vc

mjax ~j`cuj gc~~zxvbci! vd} judwbci! jgcic`bg ~jgjwwbci! nadgk `cijr! edkj gz~~jigr!

~diwc`w! ~cnnj~bjw dif wcgbjvda bijtzdabvbjw) Bi `r cxbibci! vmj x~cxcwjf ij jgcic`bg

wrwvj` `dr zwmj~ bi occf ocuj~idigj! 488* vd} gc`xabdigj dif gc~~zxvbci e~jj jiub~ci`jiv)

Bv wzoojwvw d wbioaj vd} gdaajf VCX Vd} -V~diwej~ C~ Xz~gmdwj Vd}" ec~ ncvm Gjiv~j dif Wvdvjw

gc`nbijf bi xadgj ce x~jwjiv `zavbxaj Bifb~jgv vd}jw bvm fbeej~jiv wadn ~dvjw ci fbeej~jiv

occfw#gc``cfbvbjw#wj~ubgjw dif `zavbxaj Fb~jgv vd}jw bvm fbeej~jiv wadn ~dvjw! ~jabjubio 5)2

nbaabci xjcxaj ce vmj c~af e~c` vmj gcnjn ce d`nbozczw dif gc`xaj} vd} wv~zgvz~jw!xajvmc~d ce vd} adw! `difdvc~r dif gz`nj~wc`j dggczivbio! dzfbvbio! vd} ~jvz~iw dif

gciwjtzjiv tzdo`b~j ce daa vd} ~jadvjf gdwjw) Vd}dvbci! vd} gcaajgvbci! vd} jiec~gj`jiv! vd}

gc`xabdigj! daacgdvbci ce ~jujizjw vc ud~bczw `bibwv~bjw c~ fjxd~v`jivw dif `cijr wzxxar bivc

vmj jgcic`r d~j zibebjf dif bivjo~dvjf bi vmj ndikbio wrwvj`) Gbvb|jiw ijjf icv `dbivdbi

wjxd~dvj dggcziv ncckw dif wzn`bv vd} ~jvz~iw diizdaar ec~ xdrbio jbvmj~ Fb~jgv vd}jw ci

xj~wcida bigc`jw c~ Bifb~jgv vd}jw mbaj ~ziibio nzwbijww c~ bifzwv~r) Vmbw ij jgcic`bg

wrwvj` biucaubio d ij vd} wrwvj` bvmczv `zavbxaj vd}jw! vd} adw! vd} gcaajgvbci

fjxd~v`jivw! vd} v~bnzidaw dif vd} jiec~gj`jiv dojigbjw! jiubwdojw >8 vc 78 * `c~j

~jujizjw vmdi x~jwjivar dgg~zbio e~c` `zavbxaj vd}jw gcaajgvjf nr fbeej~jiv vd} gcaajgvbci

fjxd~v`jivw#dojigbjw) Vmj dudbadnbabvr ce ~jwcz~gjw dif gdxbvda eacw! ijjfjf ec~ jgcic`bg

~jgcuj~r! bw vmj wjaex~b`bio gmd~dgvj~ ce vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj` bvmczv Ocuj~i`jivw ebwgda

wvb`zazw xdgkdojw) Vmbw ij jgcic`bg wrwvj` wmdaa nj cxj~dvjf nr ndikw dv `bib`z`

cxj~dvbio gcwv bvm ab`bvjf xdxj~ gz~~jigr -8)6*" dif fj`dvj~bdabwjf `cijr -22)5*" ce vmj

vcvda `cijr dudbadnaj bi vmj jgcic`r bi vmj xd~vbgzad~ gcziv~r! vmj~jnr vcvdaar jab`bidvbio

nadgk `cijr! vd} judwbci! edkj gz~~jigr! gc~~zxvbci dif j}vc~vbciw)

Zifj~ vmbw ij vd}dvbci wrwvj` vmj vd} ijv! gdwv nr ndikw! baa nj vmj n~cdfjwv bvm

dnwcazvjar ic vd} judwbci! `dkbio bv xcwwbnaj ec~ vmj acjwv vd} wadn ~dvj dif vmj gmjdxjwv

x~bgjw ce gc``cfbvbjw#wj~ubgjw) Vmj ~jfbwv~bnzvbci ce ~jujizjw e~c` Ocuj~i`jiv vc xjcxaj bi

vmj ec~` ce jaed~j wgmj`jw! wznwbfbjw dif ud~bczw ~jabje ezifw baa njgc`j jdwbj~ bvmczv

ajdkdojw! n~bnjw dif bwdxx~cx~bdvbci) Davmczom vmbw ij vd}dvbci wrwvj` bw d ndwbg `cfja

wzoojwvjf `dbiar ec~ Bifbd! vmj ndwbg gcigjxv ce vd}dvbci! vd} gcaajgvbci dif vd} gc`xabdigj

`jvmcfw gdi nj dfcxvjf dif b`xaj`jivjf nr daa vmj fjujacxjf dif fjujacxbio gcziv~bjw dabkj

vc njijebv 5)2 nbaabci xjcxaj ce vmj c~af bi daa wxmj~jw ce vmjb~ abujw bi cij ec~` c~ vmj cvmj~)

Vmbw d~vbgaj gcivdbiw wjuji xd~vw<

4) Vd} wv~zgvz~j dif fb~jgv njijebvw ce vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj`)

>) @jvmcf ce b`xaj`jivdvbci ce VCX Vd} wrwvj`)

7) @cijr wzxxar dif `cijvd~r xcabgr

6) Cxj~dvbio gcwv ce vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj`)

:) Gc`xd~dvbuj wvzfr ce Vd} ~jujizjw njvjji x~jwjiv wrwvj` dif vmjx~cxcwjf VCX Vd} wrwvj`)


3/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`


5) Dfudivdojw ce VCX Vd} wrwvj`

?) Wz``d~r ce VCX Vd} wrwvj`

4) Vd} wv~zgvz~j dif fb~jgv njijebvwce vmj wzoojwvjf VCX Vd} wrwvj Vd} wv~zgvz~j ce wzoojwvjf VCX Vd} wrwvj`

X~jwjiv wrwvj`

Fb~jgv#Bifb~jgv vd}jw-Gjiv~j

dif Wvdvjw"

Wzoojwvjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` wzoojw

vjf

wadn

~dvj

4)Bigc`j Vd}

>)gc~xc~dvbci Vd}

7)gdxbvda odbiw Vd}

6)jdavm Vd}

:)Wjgz~bvbjw v~diwdgvbci Vd}

5)Gjiv~da J}gbwj fzvr

?)Gzwvc`w fzvr

=)Wj~ubgj Vd}

2)Wdajw vd}#UDV nr Wvdvjw

48)Wvd`x fzvr

44)adif ~jujizj

4>)X~cejwwbcida Vd}

47)Wvdvj J}gbwj

46)cgv~cb

4:)wz~gmd~ojw dif cvmj~

gjww

45) X~cxj~vr Vd}

4?) Obev Vd}

4=) GWV

4

:+5+=+2+48+4>+46+4:+4?+4=0

V~diwej~ C~ Xz~gmdwj Vd} -VCX Vd}"

Wvdvjw dif Gjiv~j gc`nbijf"

Wadn ~dvj 0 6*

6*

>

4+7+60

X~cebv vd} -Vcvdaar ducbfdnaj" ec~

Wvdvjw dif Gjiv~j gc`nbijf78*

7 Gc~xc~dvbci Vd} nr Gjiv~j -cxvbcida" >8*

6 Gzwvc`w fzvr nr Gjiv~j -cxvbcida" iba

: J}gjww adif vd} -Wvdvjw dif Gjiv~j

gc`nbijf" cxvbcida

5 Wvdvj J}gbwj nr Wvdvjw

Vmj~j baa nj ciar cij `difdvc~r vd} gdaajf VCX Vd} bvm wbioaj wadn ~dvj-6*" ec~ ncvm Gjiv~jdif Wvdvjw gc`nbijf bi vmj x~cxcwjf VCX Vd} wrwvj`) Vmj X~cebv vd} bi xadgj ce x~jwjiv

Bigc`j vd} dif gdxbvda odbiw vd} baa nj dggcziv ndwbg dif vcvdaar ducbfdnaj ziabkj bifbubfzda

ndwbg dif gc`xzawc~r bi vmj x~jwjiv wrwvj`) Ec~ gajd~ zifj~wvdifbio xajdwj wjj vdnaj iz`nj~

4 dif > bi xdoj iz`nj~ 5 dif ?) X~cebv vd}`jdiw bv baa nj b`xcwjf ci xj~wciw bigc`jw -be

~j`dbijf dir" jd~ijf#ocv vm~czom wdad~r! ~j`zij~dvbci! nzwbijww! bifzwv~r! fcidvbciw dif

obevw devj~ abnj~daar zwjf ci j}xjifbvz~j#wxjifbio! ud~bczw biujwv`jivw! obevw dif fcidvbciw) Bi

vmj x~jwjiv wrwvj`! xj~wcida Bigc`j vd} bw ajubjf ci bigc`jw jd~ijf#ocv vm~czom wdad~r!

~j`zij~dvbci! nzwbijww! obevw! fcidvbciw dif wdaj x~cgjjfw -mcjuj~ bvm wc`j j}j`xvbciw"

njec~j zwjf ci j}xjifbvz~j#wxjifbio! fcidvbciw dif ud~bczw biujwv`jivw) Zifj~ x~cxcwjf

VCX Vd} wrwvj` vmj Gc~xc~dvbci Vd} dif Gzwvc` fzvr#B`xc~v fzvr gdi nj ajubjf nr vmj Gjiv~daocuj~i`jiv dw zwzda vc wduj w`daa wgdaj dif fc`jwvbg bifzwv~bjw ~jwxjgvbujar) Wb`bad~ar vmj


4/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`


j}gbwj fzvr ci abtzc~ dif bijw gdi nj ajubjf nr vmj Wvdvj ocuj~i`jivw dw zifj~ vmj x~jwjiv

wrwvj` vc bimbnbv mjdur gciwz`xvbci dif dffbgvbci)

Fb~jgv njijebvw ce vmj wzoojwvjf VCX Vd} wrwvj`

Zifj~ x~cxcwjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` vmj~j baa nj ic Bigc`j Vd} dif cvmj~ Fb~jgv vd}jw)

Njijebvw)))))))))))@jvmcf ce B`xaj`jivdvbci ce VCX vd} wrwvj`< Ndwbg `cfja -Bifbd"_mdv bw ~jtzb~jf ec~ VCX vd} wrwvj` vc nj wzggjwwezaar b`xaj`jivjf bw vmj wv~cio xcabvbgda baa

vc nzbaf vmj ndwbg bie~dwv~zgvz~j ce x~cubfbio ndikbio wj~ubgj ec~ juj~r ubaadoj#wznz~n#vci c~

gcacir mdubio d xcxzadvbci ce d~czif >888 bvm vmj mjax ce x~budvj wjgvc~ ndikw dif

biwvbvzvbciw)

Vmj Gjiv~da ocuj~i`jiv wmczaf obuj d xj~`dijiv dggcziv iz`nj~ -XDI" nr zwbio nbc`jv~bg

`jvmcf dif B~bw bfjivbebgdvbci vc juj~r gbvb|ji dncuj vmj doj ce 4: rjd~w dif `dkj `difdvc~r

ec~ juj~r gbvb|ji vc mduj ciar cij @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv -@WD" bvm vmj wd`j XDI bi vmj

ndik#wj~ubgj gjiv~j wbvzdvjf dv vmj ubaadoj c~ gcacir mj~j mj abujw bi) Vmj XDI dif @WD

iz`nj~ wmczaf nj cij dif wd`j)

Juj~r gbvb|ji czaf nj daacjf vc cxji dir iz`nj~ ceWzn Wdubiow Dggczivw -WWD" dw mj#wmj

bwmjw vc cxj~dvj nzwbijww c~ bifzwv~r bi dw `dir ndikw nr zwbio -@WD" iz`nj~)

Zifj~ x~cxcwjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` vmj dggczivbio dif dzfbvbio ce vmj gc~xc~dvj c~ xznabg

gc`xdibjw baa nj `difdvc~r dif gc`xzawc~r dw bi vmj x~jwjiv wrwvj` ec~ x~cvjgvbio vmj


5/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`

Xajdwj ubwbv )ubldrdk~zwmidud~`d)gc` Xdoj :

bivj~jwvw ce vmj biujwvc~w) Gc~xc~dvj c~ xznabg gc`xdibjw baa nj obuji Gc~xc~dvj Dggcziv

Iz`nj~w -GDI")

Vmj @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv -@WD" wmczaf nj zwjf ec~ nzrbio ce wmd~jw! adif ec~ do~bgzavz~j c~

bifzwv~bda xz~xcwj! xacvw! eadvw! ocaf! ljjaaj~r! ujmbgajw! gc``j~gbda jwvdnabwm`jivw c~ dir

cvmj~ `cudnaj c~ b``cudnaj x~cxj~vr) Vmj @WD wmdaa dawc nj zwjf vc ~jgjbuj c~ xdr wdad~bjw!

x~cejwwbcida ejjw! wj~ubgj ejjw! ~j`zij~dvbciw! fcidvbciw! acdiw jvg) @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv bw

dawc ijjfjf vc ojv f~bubio abgjigj! xdwwxc~v! ucvbio ~bomv! wznwbfbjw! ezifw! `civmar ~dvbci!

xjiwbciw! ~j`bvvdigjw dif acdiw -xj~wcida! do~bgzavz~j! nzwbijww! jfzgdvbcida dif bifzwv~bda"

dif ec~ ojvvbio gc`xjiwdvbci#j}o~dvbd#~jabje ezifw bi vmj jujiv ce idvz~da gdad`bvbjw abkj

grgacijw! jd~vmtzdkjw! eaccfw! ed`bijw! dggbfjivw! jvg!)

Vmj Wzn Wdubiow Dggczivw -WWD" dif dawc vmj @dbi Wdubiow Dggczivw -@WD" gdi nj zwjf ec~

~ziibio nzwbijww! bifzwv~r! wgmccaw! gcaajojw! mcwxbvdaw! mcvjaw! ~jwvdz~divw! gciwv~zgvbci!

wvzfbcw! wj~ubgjw! c~ dir cvmj~ vrxj ce nzwbijww) Lzwv abkj @WD! vmj WWD gdi dawc nj zwjf vc

~jgjbuj c~ xdr wdad~bjw! x~cejwwbcida ejjw! wj~ubgj ejjw! ~j`zij~dvbciw! fcidvbciw acdiw jvg)Vmj gc~xc~dvj c~ xznabg gc`xdibjw baa mduj vc cxj~dvj daa gdwm v~diwdgvbciw vm~czom vmj

Gc~xc~dvj Dggcziv Iz`nj~ -GDI" ciar)

Devj~ jwvdnabwmbio wzeebgbjiv iz`nj~ ce ndikw#wj~ubgj gjiv~jw nr vmj Ocuj~i`jiv -ec~ j}d`xaj!

Bifbd" bvm vmj mjax ce x~budvj wjgvc~ ndikw dif ebidigbda biwvbvzvbciw! daa vmj gbvb|jiw wmczaf nj

dwkjf vc fjxcwbv daa vmj gz~~jigr icvjw ce 4888! :88! 488 dif :8 ~zxjjw j}gjxv >8! 48! :! >

~zxjj icvjw#gcbiw! dudbadnaj bvm vmj` bi vmjwj ndikw bi vmjb~ ijar obuji @dbi Wdubiow

Dggcziv-@WD" c~ Wzn Wdubiow Dggczivw -WWD" bvmbi d wvbxzadvjf vb`j ce 78 fdrw) Daa x~jwjivar

~zi wdubiow dggczivw dif gz~~jiv dggczivw wmczaf nj gciuj~vjf bi vc Wzn Wdubiow Dggczivw

-WWDw" bvm vmj wd`j dggcziv iz`nj~w dif gdi nj cxj~dvjf e~c` vmj wd`j ndikw) Wb`bad~ar!

xjcxaj mc mduj `cijr bi vmj eb}jf fjxcwbvw#EF^w baa mduj vc v~diwej~ daa vmjb~ `cijr e~c`vmjwj eb}jf fjxcwbvw#EF^w vc vmjb~ ~jwxjgvbuj ijar obuji @WDw c~ ijar cxjijf#gciuj~vjf

WWDw bvmbi vmj wd`j wvbxzadvjf xj~bcf ce 78 fdrw)

Devj~ vmbw o~dgj xj~bcf ce 78 fdrw! vmj Ocuj~i`jiv -ec~ j}d`xaj! Bifbd" ijjfw vc fj`cijvbwj

daa icvjw ce fjic`bidvbci 4888! :88! 488 dif :8 ~zxjj icvjw j}gjxv >8! 48! :! dif > ~zxjj

icvjw) E~c` vmji ci! vmj VCX vd} wrwvj` njgc`jw cxj~dvbcida) Juj~r xj~wci wmdaa nj daacjf

vc bvmf~d gdwm zx vc `d}b`z` ce ~zxjjw :!888 xj~ `civm e~c` mbw#mj~ jd~ibiow c~ wdubiow

dudbadnaj bi mbw#mj~ @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv ciar) Vmzw d ed`bar ce vc gdi dudba gdwm ce 48!888

~zxjjw `d}b`z` xj~ `civm `dbiar vc nzr fdbar ijgjwwbvbjw abkj ujojvdnajw! `bak! e~zbvw! jfbnajw!

o~cgj~bjw! dif daa cvmj~ w`daa c~ ac udazjf bvj`w) D xj~wciw `d}b`z` gdwm bvmf~dda ce

:!888 xj~ `civm e~c` mbw#mj~ @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv -@WD" vm~czom ndik c~ DV@ baa nj bi ^w>8! ^w 48 dif ^w) : icvjw ciar) D xj~wci gdi ojv wc`j xc~vbci ce mbw#mj~ bigc`jw#jd~ibiow

v~diwej~~jf fb~jgvar bi vc @WDw ce mbw#mj~ cvmj~ ici jd~ibio ed`bar `j`nj~w e~c` wcz~gj ce

mbw#mj~ bigc`jw#jd~ibiow wc vmdv mbw#mj~ ed`bar gdi bvmf~d `c~j gdwm -gz~~jigr" xj~ `civm)

Juj~r bifbubfzdaw bigc`jw dif wdubiow baa nj bi fj`dvj~bdabwjf ec~` bi mbw#mj~ @WD c~ WWDw)

Cvmj~ vmdi gdwm bvmf~ddaw ce `d}b`z` ^w) :!888 xj~ `civm e~c` mbw#mj~ @dbi Wdubiow

Dggcziv -@WD"! ic xj~wci baa nj daacjf vc bvmf~d gdwm e~c` mbw#mj~ Wzn Wdubiow Dggczivw

-WWD") Juj~r vb`j d xj~wci nzrw mbom udazjf bvj`w! occfw! ujmbgajw! adif! xacv! eadv! ocaf!

ljjaaj~r! ujmbgajw c~ dir cvmj~ `cudnaj c~ b``cudnaj x~cxj~vr! dudbaw xmrwbgda c~ bivjaajgvzda

wj~ubgjw c~ bi gdwj mj#wmj ajifw! fcidvjw `cijr vc cvmj~w! vmji mj#wmj ijjfw vc v~diwej~ vmj

~jtzb~jf `cijr e~c` mbw#mj~ Wzn Wdubiow Dggcziv#@dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv vm~czom gmjtzj!fjnbv gd~f c~ ijv ndikbio -ciabij gdwm v~diwej~w") Nzwbijww`ji! v~dfj~w! bifzwv~bdabwvw baa mduj

vc `dkj vmjb~ gdwm v~diwej~w ec~ daa v~diwdgvbciw vm~czom gmjtzj! fjnbv gd~f c~ ijv ndikbio


6/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`


-ciabij gdwm v~diwej~" e~c` vmjb~ Wzn Wdubiow Dggczivw#@dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv) Wb`bad~ar d

xj~wciw wdad~r c~ ~j`zij~dvbci c~ x~cejwwbcida ejj dif daa mbw#mj~ bigc`jw e~c` nzwbijww c~

bifzwv~r baa nj g~jfbvjf vc vmjb~ Wzn Wdubiow Dggczivw c~ @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv vm~czom

gmjtzjw! fjnbv gd~f c~ ijv ndikbio -ciabij gdwm v~diwej~w") Daa vm~jj dggczivw id`jar GDI! WWD

dif @WD gdi nj zvbabwjf vc ~jgjbuj! xdr c~ wvc~j bigc`jw#jd~ibiow#wdubiow#fcidvbciw#acdiw)

Nzv gdwm gdi nj bvmf~di ciar e~c` @WD -be dudbadnaj" zx vc `d}b`z` ^w) :888 xj~ `civm

xj~ xj~wci) Vmj ~j`dbibio dudbadnaj `cijr -fj`dvj~bdabwjf ec~`" e~c` @WD gdi nj zwjf c~

wxjiv vm~czom fjnbv gd~f! gmjtzj c~ ciabij gdwm v~diwej~)

Ec~ juj~r v~diwej~ ce d`cziv! d 6* V~diwej~ C~ Xz~gmdwj vd} -VCX Vd}" ce vmdv d`cziv baa nj

dzvc`dvbgdaar fjfzgvjf e~c` mbw#mj~ @WD#WWD dggcziv) Vmbw 6* vd} d`cziv ci juj~r gdwm

v~diwdgvbci vm~czom @WD#WWD#GDI e~c` daa ndikw bi d xd~vbgzad~ Wvdvj baa oc vc vmj gc`nbijf

dggcziv ce Wvdvj dif Gjiv~j bi vmdv xd~vbgzad~ Wvdvj) 78* ce vmbw d`cziv e~c` juj~r Wvdvj dif

Gjiv~j gc`nbijf dggcziv -WDGGD" baa oc vc Gjiv~da ocuj~i`jiv xcca dggcziv) Vmj ~j`dbibio

?8* baa nj ~jvdbijf nr vmj ~jwxjgvbuj Wvdvj ocuj~i`jivw) Vmbw 6* V~diwej~ C~ Xz~gmdwj -VCXvd}" gdi nj ~jfzgjf vc >* bvmbi 6 rjd~w e~c` vmj dfcxvbci ce vmbw VCX vd} wrwvj` nr ~jfzgbio

8):8 ndwbw xcbivw xj~ rjd~) Vmbw baa ez~vmj~ ~jfzgj vmj x~bgjw ce vmj gc``cfbvbjw njijebvvbio

gciwz`j~w) Daa ocuj~i`jiv dggczivw dif ndikw baa mduj vc nj j}j`xvjf e~c` vmbw VCX vd})

Ububf j}xadidvbci< Vmbw 6* V~diwej~ C~ Xz~gmdwj Vd} -VCX Vd}" ci jdgm gdwm v~diwej~!

b~~jwxjgvbuj ce vmj ~jdwci ec~ wzgm v~diwej~ -xz~gmdwj! obev! fcidvbci! wdad~r#~j`zij~dvbci c~

dir cvmj~ xz~xcwj"! cxj~dvjf vm~czom @dbi Wdubiow Dggczivw -@WD"# Wzn Wdubiow Dggczivw

-WWD"# Gc~xc~dvj Dggcziv Iz`nj~w -GDI"! dif cxj~dvjf nr dir ndik c~ wj~ubgj gjiv~j! baa nj

dzvc`dvbgdaar fjfzgvjf e~c` vmdv dggcziv dif v~diwej~~jf vc Wvdvj dif Gjiv~jw gc`nbijf

dggcziv -WDGGD") Vmj VCX Vd} baa nj vmj wd`j dif zibec~` vm~czomczv vmj gcziv~r ci daa gdwm

v~diwej~w `dfj vm~czom ciabij#gmjtzj#FF e~c` daa dggczivw vcd~fw xz~gmdwj! obev! fcidvbci!dif wdad~r#ejj#~j`zij~dvbci) Wc bi vmj wzoojwvjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` vmj vd} ndwj baa nj vmj

ad~ojwv vc mduj vmj `bib`z` wadn ~dvj dif vmj acjwv vd} gc`xcijiv ci jdgm

gc``cfbvr#wj~ubgj) Xjcxaj baa ojv gc``cfbvbjw#wj~ubgjw dv vmj acjwv x~bgjw vmdi bi vmj

x~jwjiv wrwvj`) Ez~vmj~`c~j vmj vcvda ~jujizjw ojij~dvjf e~c` VCX Vd} e~c` daa gdwm

v~diwej~w e~c` daa dggczivw baa nj `c~j vmdi fcznaj vmdi vmj gc`nbijf ~jujizjw ce daa Wvdvjw

dif Gjiv~j ocv e~c` x~jwjiv `zavbxaj vd}jw bvm fbeej~jiv wadn ~dvjw) _bvm ab`bvjf xdxj~

gz~~jigr dif fj`dvj~bdabwjf `cijr bi vmj VCX vd} wrwvj`! juj~r v~diwdgvbci baa nj

v~diwxd~jiv fjxbgvbio vmj dgvzda OFX ce vmj gcziv~r) Bi abvj~da wjiwj! juj~r xz~gmdwj! obev!

fcidvbci dif daa vrxjw ce xdr`jivw baa mduj vc nj gd~~bjf vm~czom ciabij gdwm v~diwej~w e~c`

cij dggcziv vc dicvmj~ dggcziv njgdzwj ce ab`bvjf xdxj~ gz~~jigr) Vmj vcvda ~jujizjw ocve~c` VCX Vd} baa nj dxx~c}b`dvjar jtzda vc 7}6 *- 4>*" ce dgvzda udazj ce vmj OFX ce vmdv

gcziv~r bi vmj `dizedgvz~j~! fjdaj~! ~jvdbaj~ dif gciwz`j~ gmdbi) Dw occfw! gc``cfbvbjw!

wj~ubgjw! fcidvbciw! xmrwbgda dif bivjaajgvzda ckw gmdioj mdifw bi vmj `dizedgvz~j~! fjdaj~!

~jvdbaj~ dif gciwz`j~ gmdbi fj`dvj~bdabwjf `cijr baa nj v~diwej~~jf e~c` cij dggcziv vc

dicvmj~ dggcziv gc~~jwxcifbioar) Vmzw juj~r gdwm v~diwej~ vcd~fw xz~gmdwj! obev! fcidvbci!

wdad~r#~j`zij~dvbci c~ dir cvmj~ xz~xcwj baa nj dggczivjf dif bvmbi vmj wrwvj` jab`bidvbio

zifj~o~czif#wmdfc#zi~jxc~vjf#mbffji v~diwdgvbciw cxj~dvjf nr xmrwbgda gz~~jigr ocv e~c`

nadgk `cijr dif edkj gz~~jigr bi vmj x~jwjiv jgcic`bg wrwvj`) Bi vmj x~jwjiv wrwvj` vmj

xd~daaja jgcic`r! njbio ~zi nr nadgk `cijr dif edkj gz~~jigr! bw cnwgz~bio vmj ~jda OFX dif

md`xj~bio c~ acj~bio vmj gcaajgvbci ce ~jujizjw) Vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj` baa jab`bidvj vmj nadgk`cijr dif edkj gz~~jigbjw dv cij oc dif fjxbgv vmj j}dgv OFX ce vmj gcziv~r) Vmj cvmj~ wdabjiv

ejdvz~j ce vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj` bw vmj njvvj~ jgcic`bg `didoj`jiv dif dzwvj~bvr) Vmj


7/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`

Xajdwj ubwbv )ubldrdk~zwmidud~`d)gc` Xdoj ?

bifbubfzdaw! mc ~zi nzwbijww c~ bifzwv~r! baa nj ~jabjujf e~c` d`nbozczw vd} wv~zgvz~jw!

xajvmc~d ce vd} adw! dif `difdvc~r wdajw abwvw! wvcgk abwvw! dggczivbio! dzfbvbio dif vd} ~jvz~iw)

Bi dffbvbci vc vmj V~diwej~ C~ Xz~gmdwj -VCX" vd}! d X~cebv Vd} -XV" ce 78* czaf nj ajubjf dif

dzvc`dvbgdaar fjfzgvjf cigj d rjd~ ci vmj `bib`z` d`cziv ~jgc~fjf bi vmj ebidigbda rjd~ ce

@dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv -@WD" dif jdgm Wzn Wdubiow Dggcziv -WWD"! be dir! ce juj~r gbvb|ji) Vmj

ebidigbda rjd~ ce vmj @WD ce d xj~wci njobiw dv vmj fdvj vmj Ocuj~i`jiv daacvw mb`#mj~ vmj

@WD) Vmj ebidigbda rjd~ ce vmj Wzn Wdubiow Dggcziv -WWD" baa njobi dv vmj fdvj d xj~wci

gmccwjw vc cxji mbw#mj~ WWD) Vmbw X~cebv Vd} -XV" bw di dggcziv ndwbg dif bv bw vcvdaar b~~jajudiv

mc ciw vmdv dggcziv -@WD#WWD") Vmj X~cebv Vd}! 78* ce `bib`z` ndadigj d`cziv ~jgc~fjf

bi vmj @WD dif jdgm WWD -be dir" ce juj~r xj~wci! baa nj dzvc`dvbgdaar fjfzgvjf ci vmj adwv

fdr ce vmj ebidigbda rjd~ ce vmdv @WD dif WWD -be dir" ce jdgm xj~wci) Vmj X~cebv vd} bi vmj ij}v

ebidigbda rjd~ ce vmdv xd~vbgzad~ @WD#WWD baa nj ajubjf ci vmj `bib`z` ndadigj ~jgc~fjf ce

vmdv rjd~ `bizw vmj x~jubczw rjd~w vd}jf d`cziv ce vmdv xd~vbgzad~ @WD#WWD boic~bio vmj

`d}b`z` d`cziv! mcjuj~ mzoj `dr nj) Vmzw vmj fjfzgvjf X~cebv vd}! 78* ce `bib`z`ndadigj d`cziv ~jgc~fjf bi vmj @WD dif jdgm WWD -be dir" ce juj~r xj~wci bi d xd~vbgzad~

Wvdvj! baa nj v~diwej~~jf vc vmdv Wvdvj dif gjiv~jw gc`nbijf dggcziv -WDGGD") Vmj gc`nbijf

vd}jw ce VCX Vd} dif X~cebv vd}! gcaajgvjf bi juj~r Wvdvj dif Gjiv~jw gc`nbijf dggcziv

-WDGGD"! baa mduj vc nj wmd~jf njvjji vmdv xd~vbgzad~ Wvdvj dif Gjiv~j bi vmj ~dvbc ce vmdv

xd~vbgzad~ Wvdvj ojvvbio ?8* dif Gjiv~j 78*) Mjigj vmj vcvdaar cxvbcida dif ducbfdnaj X~cebv

Vd} baa jiwz~j vmdv vmj `cijr baa nj gciwvdivar xz`xjf ndgk bivc wrwvj` kjjxbio vmj

jgcic`bg o~cvm dv mjdavmr ~dvj) Bi vmj x~jwjiv wrwvj` vmj mzoj nadgk `cijr! ojij~dvjf nr

mbffji#wmdfc dggczivw! gc`nbijf bvm mzoj edkj gz~~jigr bw xadrbio mducg bvm cz~

jgcic`r) Njwbfjw vmjwj vc vd}jw id`jar VCX Vd}! dif X~cebv vd} mbgm gdi nj ducbfdnaj! vmj

Gjiv~da Ocuj~i`jiv wmdaa b`xcwj vmj gzwvc`w fzvr -b`xc~v fzvr" dif Gc~xc~dvbci vd} dw bi vmjj}bwvbio wrwvj`) J}gjxv vmjwj ecz~ vd}jw! vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj` wzoojwvw ~j`cuda ce daa cvmj~

Fb~jgv vd}jw! Bifb~jgv vd}jw dif ud~bczw wz~gmd~ojw ajubjf bi vmj x~jwjiv wrwvj`)

Vmj ecaacbio vc vdnajw gajd~ar baazwv~dvj mc vcvdaar ducbfdnaj X~cebv Vd} bw fjfzgvjf e~c`

WWD dif @WD ce d xj~wci ci `bib`z` ndadigj d`czivw ~jgc~fjf bi jdgm ebidigbda rjd~

j}gazfbio vmj x~jubczw c~ adwv vd}jf d`cziv)

J}d`xaj4< Bv wmcw mc vmj X~cebv vd} ci `bib`z` ndadigj d`czivw ~jgc~fjf jdgm rjd~

j}gazfbio vmj x~jubczw c~ adwv vd}jf d`cziv baa nj fjfzgvjf e~c` jdgm Wzn Wdubiow dggcziv

-WWD" cxj~dvjf nr d ndik#wj~ubgj gjiv~j b~~jwxjgvbuj ce vmj edgv vmdv mc mcafw vmdv dggcziv)

Rjd~

@bib`z`

ndadigj cevmj rjd~

@d}b`z`

Ndadigj cevmj rjd~

X~cebv Vd} -XV" ci vmj @bi)

D`v) Vmj adwv vd}jf d`cziv

Ijv X~cebv Vd}

-XV"Fjfzgvjf

>88?8= 48!888 :8!88!888 78* ce 48!888 7!888)88

>88=82 68!888 ?8!88!888 78* ce -68!88848!888" 2!888)88

>88248 28!888 4!=8!88!888 78* ce -28!88868!888" 4:!888)88

>84844 >8!888 >!88!88!888

>8444> 4!:8!888 :!88!888 78* ce -4!:8!88828!888" 4=!888)88

>84>47 4!:8!888 48!88!888

>84746 >!88!888 =8!88!888 78* ce ->!88!8884!:8!888" 4:!888)88

>8464: 4!88!88!888 >!88!88!888 78* ce -4!88!88!888>!88!888" >2!68!888)88

>84:45 =8!88!888 7!88!88!888


8/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`

Xajdwj ubwbv )ubldrdk~zwmidud~`d)gc` Xdoj =

J}d`xaj< > Bv wmcw mc vmj X~cebv vd} ci `bib`z` ndadigj d`czivw ~jgc~fjf bi jdgm

ebidigbda rjd~ j}gazfbio vmj x~jubczw c~ adwv vd}jf d`cziv baa nj fjfzgvjf e~c` jdgm @dbi

Wdubiow dggcziv -@WD" cxj~dvjf nr d ndik#wj~ubgj gjiv~j b~~jwxjgvbuj ce vmj edgv vmdv mc

mcafw vmdv dggcziv)

Rjd~

@bib`z`

ndadigj ce

vmj rjd~

@d}b`z`

Ndadigj ce vmj

rjd~

X~cebv Vd} -XV" ci vmj @bi)

D`v) Vmj adwv vd}jf d`cziv

Ijv X~cebv Vd}

-XV"Fjfzgvjf

>88?8= >!22!888 :8!88!888

>88=82 7!88!888 ?8!88!888 78* ce -7!88!888" 28!888)88

>88248 6!88!888 6!:8!888 78* ce -6!88!8887!88!888" 78!888)88

>84844 >!88!888 =!88!888

>8444> 6!:8!888 :!88!888 78* ce -6!:8!8886!88!888" 4:!888)88

>84>47 6!:8!888 48!88!888

>84746 5!88!888 =8!88!888 78* ce -5!88!8886!:8!888" 6:!888)88

Ic bv bw gajd~ar zifj~wvccf vmdv vmj V~diwej~ C~ Xz~gmdwj -VCX" Vd} baa nj wd`j ci gdwm

v~diwej~w bi daa vm~jj dggczivw id`jar @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv -@WD"! Wzn Wdubiow Dggcziv -WWD"

dif Gc~xc~dvbci Dggcziv Iz`nj~ -GDI")Vmj X~cebv Vd} bw dawc wd`j bi @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv

dif Wzn Wdubiow Dggcziv j}gjxv vmj `bib`z` wvc~doj ndadigj bi @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv -@WD")

Vmj X~cebv Vd} ci `bib`z` ndadigj bi @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv baa nj ajubjf e~c` ^w) 7 adkmw

cid~fw) Vmj X~cebv Vd} ci `bib`z` ndadigj bi Wzn Wdubiow Dggcziv wvd~vw e~c` |j~c

cid~fw) Bi vmj gdwj ce Gc~xc~dvbci Dggcziv Iz`nj~ -GDI"! vmj X~cebv Vd} baa mduj vc nj

ajubjf bi vmj ec~` ceGc~xc~dvbci Vd} dw bi vmj j}bwvbio wrwvj`)

Xajdwj icvj vmdv jdgm xj~wci baa mduj ciar cij xj~`dijiv dif abej vb`j @dbi Wdubiow

Dggcziv-@WD" nzv gdi mduj dw `dir Wzn Wdubiow Dggcziv -WWD" dw mj#wmj gdi bwm) Wb`bad~ar

vmj X~cebv Vd} baa nj ci dggcziv ndwbg dif vcvdaar ducbfdnaj! biwvjdf ce bifbubfzda ndwbg dif

gc`xzawc~r dw bi vmj x~jwjiv jgcic`bg wrwvj`) Xajdwj dawc icvj vmdv vmj X~cebv Vd} ci

`bib`z` ndadigj ~jgc~fjf bi jdgm rjd~ bi @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv baa nj ajubjf e~c` ^w) 7!

88!888 cid~fw) Bi vmj x~jwjiv wrwvj` vmj Bigc`j Vd}! dggczivbio! dzfbvbio dif vd} ~jvz~iw

d~j gc`xzawc~r) Wc xj~wciw mc mduj vd}dnaj bigc`jw vm~czom wdad~r c~ nzwbijww c~ bifzwv~r c~

~j`zij~dvbci ijjf vc wzn`bv Bigc`j Vd} ~jvz~iw diizdaar) Nzv VCX Vd} wrwvj`w X~cebv vd}

`jdiw bv baa nj b`xcwjf ci xj~wciw bigc`jw ocv vm~czom wdad~r! ~j`zij~dvbci! nzwbijww!

bifzwv~r! fcidvbciw dif obevw devj~ abnj~daar zwjf c~ wxjiv ci j}xjifbvz~j#wxjifbio! ud~bczw

biujwv`jivw! obevw dif fcidvbciw) X~cebv vd} ce 78* ci `bib`z` ndadigj ~jgc~fjf bi vmjebidigbda rjd~ ce jdgm Wzn Wdubiow dggcziv -WWD" c~ @dbi Wdubiowdggcziv -b~~jwxjgvbuj ce vmj

mcafj~ ce vmdv dggcziv" cxj~dvjf nr dir ndik#wj~ubgj gjiv~j baa nj fjfzgvjf ci vmj adwv fdr ce

vmj ebidigbda rjd~ ce vmdv xd~vbgzad~ WWD c~ @WDdif baa nj v~diwej~~jf vc Wvdvj dif Gjiv~jw

gc`nbijf dggcziv -WDGGD") Vmj X~cebv vd} bi vmj ij}v ebidigbda rjd~ ce vmdv xd~vbgzad~ @WD#WWD

baa nj ajubjf ci vmj `bib`z` ndadigj ~jgc~fjf ce vmdv rjd~ `bizwvmj x~jubczw rjd~w vd}jf

d`cziv ce vmdv xd~vbgzad~ @WD#WWD boic~bio vmj `d}b`z` d`cziv! mcjuj~ mzoj `dr nj)

Xajdwj zifj~wvdif vmdv `bib`z` ndadigj ~jgc~fjf bi vmj ebidigbda rjd~ ce jdgm Wzn Wdubiow

dggcziv -WWD" c~ @dbi Wdubiow dggcziv `jdiw vmj `cijr zizwjf c~ wvdoidvjf ec~ `c~j vmdi

cij rjd~) Bi vmj ij}v ebidigbda rjd~ ce vmj @WD c~ WWD! vmj X~cebv Vd} baa nj ajubjf ci vmj

dffbvbcida zizwjf c~ wvdoidvjf `cijr cuj~ vmj x~jubczw vd}jf d`cziv) Vmdv `jdiw vmj~j baanj ic ~jgz~~bio x~cebv vd} ci zizwjf c~ wvc~jf `cijr) Cigj vd}jf! vmj zizwjf `cijr gdi nj


9/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`


wxjiv dif ~jgmd~ojf#~jwvc~jf bvmczv njbio ~j vd}jf ec~ vmj jivb~j abej ce vmdv dggcziv) Bi vmj

gdwj ce gdxbvda odbiw e~c` d wdaj ce dir x~cxj~vr c~ dwwjv! d xj~wci baa mduj d `bib`z` ce 756

fdrw dif `d}b`z` ce 4 rjd~ dif 756 fdrw xj~bcf vc ducbf X~cebv Vd} e~c` wdaj x~cgjjfw

-gdxbvda odbiw" vc ~jbiujwv) Wb`bad~ar 6* V~diwej~ C~ Xz~gmdwj vd} -VCX Vd}"! bi abjz ce x~jwjiv daa

bifb~jgv vd}jw dif ud~bczw wz~gmd~ojw! baa nj fjfzgvjf e~c` juj~r `cijr v~diwej~ bi jdgm Wzn

Wdubiow Dggcziv c~ @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv b~~jwxjgvbuj ce vmj edgv vmdv mcjuj~ mcafw vmdv

dggcziv dif ci mdv xz~xcwj vmj d`cziv mdw njji v~diwej~~jf -xz~gmdwj! obev! fcidvbci!

wdad~r#~j`zij~dvbci c~ dir cvmj~ xz~xcwj" cxj~dvjf nr dir ndik c~ wj~ubgj gjiv~j dif

v~diwej~~jf vc Wvdvj dif Gjiv~jw gc`nbijf dggcziv -WDGGD") Vmzw daa bifbubfzdaw mc jd~i

vm~czom wdad~bjw! ~j`zij~dvbciw! obevw! dif fcidvbciw baa ijjf icv xdr bigc`j vd} dif

wzn`bv bigc`j vd} ~jvz~iw diizdaar) Vmzw xjcxaj baa nj ~jabjujf e~c` vmj gcnjn ce x~jwjiv

d`nbozczw dif gc`xaj} vd} wv~zgvz~jw! xajvmc~d ce vd} adw! `difdvc~r dif gz`nj~wc`j

dggczivbio! dzfbvbio dif vd} ~jvz~iw! dif gciwjtzjiv tzdo`b~j ce daa vd} ~jadvjf gdwjw)

Mc vc ducbf X~cebv vd}<

Juj~r xj~wci baa mduj vmj ecaacbio cxvbciw vc ducbf X~cebv Vd} ce 78* njbio fjfzgvjf e~c`

mbw#mj~ @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv dif Wzn Wdubiow Dggczivw)

Mj#wmj gdi nzr adifw zx vc >8 dg~jw ce adif! ziab`bvjf iz`nj~ ce eadvw! gc``j~gbda

jwvdnabwm`jivw dif cvmj~ x~cxj~vbjw dw mj#wmj bwmjw) Vmbw jidnajw ~jda jwvdvj wjgvc~ o~cw dv

edwvj~ ~dvj dif mczwj ~jivw baa gc`j fci wznwvdivbdaar njijebvvbio ed`babjw mc mduj ic ci

mczwjw)

Mj#wmj gdi nzr ziab`bvjf iz`nj~ ce wmd~jw dw mj#wmj bwmjw )Juji vmczom mj#wmj accwjw d 6*

ce wmd~j udazj dw VCX Vd} mbaj v~diwej~~bio gdwm e~c` mbw#mj~ dggcziv wvbaa mj#wmj ojvw

njijebvjf e~c` 78* X~cebv Vd} njbio fjfzgvjf) Wc xjcxaj baa acck czv ec~ vmj gc`xdibjw mbgmfjgad~j fbubfjifw juj~r rjd~) Vmjr dawc wvzfr gd~jezaar vmj ezifd`jivdaw ce vmj gc`xdir abkj

vmj ncck udazj! JXW! X#J ~dvbc! x~cebvw! fbubfjifw! ~jwj~ujw! abdnbabvbjw jvg) njec~j nzrbio wmd~jw)

Bi vmbw wgjid~bc vmj wvcgk `d~kjvw baa o~c dv wvjdfr ~dvj dif vmj~j baa nj ic `d~kjv g~dwmjw

ic dif vmji dw j d~j j}xj~bjigbio zifj~ x~jwjiv wrwvj`)

Mj#wmj gdi ajif cijr vc cvmj~w mc d~j bi ijjf) Juji vmczom mj#wmj accwjw 6* ce `cijr dw

VCX Vd} mbaj v~diwej~~bio gdwm mj#wmj ojvw njijebvjf nr ojvvbio 6* bivj~jwv ci vmj acdi

d`cziv juj~ rjd~) Bi vmj x~cgjww vmj acdij~w -acdi vdkj~w" baa ojv acdiw dv gmjdxj~ ~dvj mji

gc`xd~jf vc x~jwjiv wrwvj`)

Mj#wmj gdi wjvzx bifzwv~bjw! wvd~v nzwbijwwjw vc ducbf X~cebv vd}) Wc bi vmbw x~cgjww mzoj

j`xacr`jiv cxxc~vzibvbjw baa nj ojij~dvjf) Wc bi vmj jiwzbio gc`xjvbvbci! gc``cfbvbjw

x~bgjw baa njgc`j `zgm gmjdxj~)

Mj#wmj gdi v~diwej~ gdwm e~c` mbw#mj~ @WD#WWDw vc dicvmj~ cij ce mbw#mj~ Wzn Wdubiow

Dggczivw c~ vc mbw bejw#mj~ mzwndifw WWDw vc ducbf X~cebv vd}) Mj#wmj gdi fcidvj mzoj

d`czivw vc c~odibwdvbciw#gmd~bvdnaj v~zwvw be mj#wmj bwmjw) Bi vmbw x~cgjww mj#wmj baa acwj 6*

ce vmdv v~diwej~~jf gdwm bi vmj ec~` ceVcx Vd})

Mj#wmj gdi biujwv bi ud~bczw Abej Biwz~digj wgmj`jw) Dv vmj jif ce vmj `dvz~bvr xj~bcf vmjr baa

ojv ciar vmj dgvzda vcvda x~j`bz` d`cziv xdbf bvmczv dir bivj~jwv) Nzv bi gdwj ce x~j`dvz~j

fjdvm c~ mcwxbvdabwdvbci fzj vc baaijww ezaa biwz~jf d`cziv baa nj xdbf dw bi vmj x~jwjiv wrwvj`)

Ububf j}xadidvbci< Vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj`w vd} gcaajgvbciw -VCX Vd} dif X~cebv vd}" ec~

Ocuj~i`jiv dif vd} xdr`jivw#vd} gc`xabdigj nr daa gbvb|jiw baa nj vcvdaar dzvc`dvbg dif

biucazivd~r lzwv abkj ~jwxb~dvc~r wrwvj` bi mz`di ncfr) Juj~r dggcziv -@WD#WWD#GDI" bw di

biucazivd~r vd}xdrbio dggcziv) Gbvb|jiw ijjf icv `dbivdbi wjxd~dvj dggcziv ncckw dif


10/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`


wzn`bv vd} ~jvz~iw diizdaar ec~ xdrbio jbvmj~ Fb~jgv vd}jw ci xj~wcida bigc`jw c~ Bifb~jgv

vd}jw mbaj ~ziibio nzwbijww c~ bifzwv~r) Vmj wbioaj vd} ijv -V~diwej~ C~ Xz~gmdwj vd}"

wx~jdfw daa dggczivw dif jivb~j idvbci bvmczv ncvmj~bio dnczv mc mcafw vmdv dggcziv) Vmbw

baa xzv vmj vd} gc`xcijiv ce occfw#wj~ubgjw dv lzwv cij vmb~f ce vd} gc`xcijiv ce vmj

j}bwvbio wrwvj`) Njwbfjw vmdv vmj~j baa nj ic vd} gcaajgvbci j}xjifbvz~j ec~ vmj Ocuj~i`jiv

dif dnwcazvjar ic vd} gc`xabdigj gcwv ec~ xdrbio jbvmj~ Fb~jgv vd}jw ci xj~wcida bigc`jw c~

Bifb~jgv vd}jw mbaj ~ziibio nzwbijww c~ bifzwv~r) Vmj V~diwej~ C~ Xz~gmdwj vd} -6*" baa nj

fjfzgvjf dzvc`dvbgdaar nr gc`xzvj~ wrwvj`w ce ndikw ci daa `cijr v~diwej~w e~c` cij

dggcziv vc dicvmj~ dggcziv `dfj vm~czom gmjtzj! fjnbv gd~f! FF c~ ciabij v~diwej~w

b~~jwxjgvbuj ce vmj edgv vmdv mc mcafw vmdv dggcziv dif ec~ mdv xz~xcwj vmdv `cijr

v~diwej~w mduj njji `dfj) Vmzw vd} gcaajgvbci dif vd} gc`xabdigj baa biud~bdnar njgc`j cij

dif wd`j) Vmbw dzvc`dvbg vd} xdr`jiv dif vd} gcaajgvbci wrwvj` jiwz~jw vmdv vmj~j baa nj

ic ~jujizj ajdkdojw! zidggczivjf bigc`jw dif jdavm) Vmj~j baa nj ic ijjf ec~

Ocuj~i`jivw vc ~zi wjxd~dvj vd} gcaajgvbci fjxd~v`jivw dif vd} jiec~gj`jiv dojigbjw diffjxd~v`jivw vc wjj dif uj~ber dggczivw ce daa vd}dnaj gbvb|jiw) Wb`bad~ar xjcxaj ijjf icv

j`xacr dggczivdivw c~ vd} gciwzavdivw vc xdr jbvmj~ Fb~jgv vd}jw c~ Bifb~jgv vd}jw c~ vc

wzn`bv vd} ~jvz~iw) Vmj xajvmc~d ce vd} adw! vmdv d~j jidgvjf dif njbio zwjf bi vmj x~jwjiv

wrwvj` vc jiec~gj vd} xdr`jivw! baa icv nj ijgjwwd~r dv daa bi vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj`) Vmj

`baabciw ce vd} ~jadvjf ajoda gdwjw! mbgm d~j j`didvjf e~c` ici gc`xabdigj ce vd}jw dif

zidggczivjf bigc`jw! dif gmckbio vmj lzfbgbda wrwvj`w ce daa idvbciw! baa icv nj wjji bi vmj

VCX Vd} wrwvj`) Vmbw bw mc vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj` c~kw dif mjaxw ncvm Ocuj~i`jiv bi Fb~jgv

dif Bifb~jgv vd} gcaajgvbciw bvmczv vd} adw dif jiec~gj`jiv! dif gbvb|jiw bi xdrbio vd}jw

biucazivd~bar bvmczv vd} gc`xabdigj -dggczivbio! dzfbvbio! vd} ~jvz~iw jvg)!" gcwvw)

Vmj gcaajgvjf vd} ~jujizjw ce VCX Vd} dif X~cebv Vd} nr ndikw baa oc vc Ocuj~i`jivdggczivw -WDGGD") Vmjwj ~jujizjw baa nj v~diwej~~jf vc ud~bczw fjxd~v`jivw#`bibwv~bjw

dggc~fbio vc vmj xj~gjivdojw dw daacgdvjf vc vmjwj fjxd~v`jivw#`bibwv~bjw dv vmj nzfojv

x~jwjivdvbci) Vmbw xj~gjivdoj ce daacgdvbciw vc ud~bczw fjxd~v`jivw#`bibwv~bjw gdi nj

gmdiojf e~c` vb`j vc vb`j fjxjifbio zxci vmj ijgjwwbvr! ijjf! z~ojigr dif j`j~ojigr ce

vmj wbvzdvbci vmdv d~bwj zij}xjgvjfar) Dw wvdvjf jd~abj~ vmj ~jujizj ojij~dvbci baa nj

w`ccvm! jdwr dif gcivbizczw x~cgjww dv `bib`z` nz~fji ci xjcxaj `dkbio bv xcwwbnaj ec~

vmj wb`xabebjf nzfojv x~jwjivdvbci) Vmj gcaajgvbci ce ~jujizjw e~c` xjcxaj vc Ocuj~i`jiv

dif v~diwej~ ce vmjwj ~jujizjw e~c` Ocuj~i`jiv vc xjcxaj vm~czom ud~bczw

`bibwv~bjw#fjxd~v`jivw#dojigbjw bw w`ccvm! mdwwaj e~jj dif gcivbizczw x~cgjww bvmczv

ajdkdojw! vd} gcaajgvbci! vd} jiec~gj`jiv dif vd} gc`xabdigj gcwvw)Bi vmj x~jwjiv jgcic`bg wrwvj` Fb~jgv dif Bifb~jgv vd}jw d~j njbio xdbf nr gbvb|jiw

ndwjf ci vmj dggczivw x~jxd~jf nr vmj` dif vmj~j bw gc``ci ebidigbda rjd~ ec~ daa gbvb|jiw

vc wzn`bv vmjb~ dggczivw dif Bigc`j vd} ~jvz~iw) Nzv bi vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj`! VCX Vd} dif

X~cebv vd} baa nj ci dggcziv ndwbg) Vmj ebidigbda rjd~ ce jdgm dggcziv WWD#GDI njobiw dv vmj

fdvj bv bw cxjijf dif vmj ebidigbda rjd~ ce @WD baa njobi dv vmj fdvj vmj Ocuj~i`jiv daacvw

@WD vc jdgm gbvb|ji dv vmj doj ce 4:) Bv fcjwiv `dvvj~ `zgm mdv vmj ebidigbda rjd~ ce jdgm

dggcziv bw) Vmj iz`nj~ ce dggczivw vmdv njobi c~ jif jdgm fdr bw dxx~c}b`dvjar jtzda vc vmj

vcvda iz`nj~ ce dggczivw cxj~dvjf nr daa ndikw bi vmdv gcziv~r fbubfjf nr 75:) Vmj gc``ci

ebidigbda rjd~ ec~ vmj mcaj idvbci baa njgc`j b~~jajudiv! zib`xc~vdiv dif ~jfzifdiv bi vmj

VCX Vd} wrwvj`) Jdgm bifbubfzda gdi mduj d gmcwji ebidigbda rjd~ ec~ mbw juj~r WWD dggcziv)Bi vmj x~jwjiv jgcic`bg wrwvj`! `cwv ce vmj `cijr bi gb~gzadvbci bw bi xmrwbgda ec~`

-nbaaw#icvjw") Vmj~j d~j ~jxc~vjf vc nj xajivr ce gdwjw ce accvbiow! ~cnnj~bjw! mc`bgbfjw!


11/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`


j}vc~vbciw! ~diwc`w! dif n~bnjw dg~cww vmj c~af bi da`cwv daa idvbciw njgdzwj ce vmbw mzoj

`cijr bi xmrwbgda ec~`) Vmbw xmrwbgda `cijr! bi mzoj d`czivw! bw njbio v~diwej~~jf e~c` cij

mdif vc cvmj~ jazfbio daa vd} ijvw bi v~diwdgvbciw ce gc``cfbvbjw c~ occfw) Vmj zidggczivjf

OFX bw wdbf vc nj vcc mjdur dif ud~bjw e~c` gcziv~r vc gcziv~r fjxjifbio zxci vmj

gc~~zxvbci ajuja vmdv j}bwvw bi vmdv gcziv~r) Bi dffbvbci vc vmbw nadgk `cijr vmj~j d~j dawc

mzoj d`czivw ceedkj gz~~jigr vmdv mdw gcivd`bidvjf vmj ojizbij gz~~jigr) Vmj gc`nbijf

jeejgv ce vmj nadgk `cijr dif edkj gz~~jigr bw xadrbio mducg bvm jgcic`bjw ce `dir

gcziv~bjw) Ic `cijr bw njbio v~jdvjf dw di bigc`j ojij~dvbio dwwjv dif jdavm biwvjdf ce

zwbio bv dw d `jfbz` bi j}gmdioj ce gc``cfbvbjw! occfw! wj~ubgjw! dif wmd~jw! xmrwbgda dif

bivjaajgvzda c~kw) Vmj mzoj dggz`zadvbci ce `cijr bi ej xcgkjvw bi vmj ec~` ce nadgk

`cijr bw `dkbio vmj grgabg gb~gzadvbci ce `cijr bi vmj jgcic`bg wrwvj` vc nj j~~dvbg -wc`j

vb`jw `c~j grgajw xj~ rjd~ dif wc`j vb`jw ajww grgajw xj~ rjd~ bvm wvdoidvbci#ici zwdoj ce

`cijr gdzwbio jgcic`bg ~jgjwwbci dv vb`jw) Vmj `zavbxabj~ jeejgv ci vmj `cijr bi ndikbio

ebidigj wrwvj` bw fjg~jdwbio vmj ~jda edgj udazj ce vmj xmrwbgda gz~~jigr) Davmczom vmjbifbubfzdaw jd~ibiow d~j big~jdwbio juj~r rjd~! vmj xz~gmdwj udazj ce vmj gz~~jigr bw

fjg~jdwbio dif ~jdgmjf da`cwv 4#48vm

ce bvw edgj udazj) VCX Vd} wrwvj` v~bjw vc eb} vmbw

x~cnaj` nr tzdabvdvbuj dif tzdivbvdvbuj wzxxar ce `cijr bi jgcic`bg wrwvj` wc vmdv vmj

xz~gmdwj udazj ce xmrwbgda gz~~jigr dv bvw edgj udazj ~j`dbiw mbom dif wd`j ec~ acioj~ xj~bcf

ce vb`j) Vmj x~bgjw ce gc``cfbvbjw c~ wj~ubgjw baa ~j`dbi wd`j c~ juji fjg~jdwj jimdigbio

vmj xz~gmdwbio gdxdgbvr ce xjcxaj juj~r rjd~ bvm big~jdwj bi jd~ibiow -xj~ gdxbvd bigc`j"

jdgm rjd~)

-Xajdwj wjj xdoj `cijr! `cijr wzxxar! acdiw! ~jda `cijr dif g~jfbv `cijr e~c` xdoj 4= vc

xdoj >8"

Bi vmj wzoojwvjf VCX Vd} wrwvj`! `cwv ce vmj `cijr -22)5*" dudbadnaj bi vmjjgcic`bg wrwvj`! baa nj bi fj`dvj~bdabwjf ec~` bi vmj dggczivw ce gbvb|jiw! Ocuj~i`jivw

dif gc`xdibjw) Ciar w`daa xc~vbci ce `cijr -8)6*" baa nj bi xmrwbgda ec~` -gdwm" b)j) gcbiw

c~ icvjw dv ac fjic`bidvbci) -Ec~ j}d`xaj Bifbd" Vmj xd~daaja jgcic`r njbio ~zi nr nadgk

`cijr da`cwv jtzdaabio vmj dggczivjf OFX ce vmj gcziv~r dif di jwvb`dvjf ^w) 4! 58!

888g~c~j edkj gz~~jigr baa nj vcvdaar j~dfbgdvjf bvm vmj fj`cijvbwdvbci ce mbomj~ udazj

gz~~jigr icvjw -^w 4888! :88! 488! :8 icvjw" bi vmj wzoojwvjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` xdubio dr ec~

gc~~zxvbci e~jj wcgbjvr)

Wc vmj~j baa nj ic ojij~dvbci cenadgk `cijr dif edkj gz~~jigr! dif dggz`zadvbci dif

wvdgkbio ce `cijr bi xmrwbgda ec~` -gdwm" baa icv nj xcwwbnaj) @cijr baa nj gciwvdivar

xz`xjf ndgk bivc vmj wrwvj` wc dw vc ducbf X~cebv Vd}) Vmj gb~gzadvbci ce `cijr bi vmjjgcic`bg wrwvj` baa nj dv gciwvdiv ~dvj bvm `c~j grgajw mbaj gmjgkbio bieadvbci juji dv

mbomj~ o~cvm ~dvj) Vmj `c~j grgajw c~ j}gmdioj ce `cijr `c~j vb`jw `jdiw `cijr bw wx~jdf

jujiar ~jdgmbio daa xjcxaj) VCX Vd} wrwvj` czaf dawc d~~jwv baajoda dgvbubvbjw wzgm dw f~zo

v~deebgkbio! dif d~`w v~deebgkbio) Cigj adzigmjf bivc vmbw VCX Vd} wrwvj` x~bgjw czaf gcivbizj

vc fjgabij vc ~jdgm d `bib`z` ajuja ce vm dif ez~vmj~ zx vc mdae ajuja ce vmj x~jwjiv x~bgjw

fzj vc vmj ecaacbio edgvc~w id`jar! ac vd} gc`xcijiv -njac 44*"! ac bivj~jwv ~dvjw -7*

xj~ diiz`"! ic vd} gc`xabdigj gcwvw dif ezaar cxji `d~kjv bvm `c~j xadrj~w bi vmj

nzwbijww) @cijr baa nj xz~jar zvbabwjf ciar ec~ j}gmdioj ce occfw! gc``cfbvbjw! dwwjvw!

wj~ubgjw! wmd~jw! xmrwbgda dif bivjaajgvzda c~kw) _mji vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj` ~jdgmjw bvw ebida

fjwvbidvbci! vmj x~bgjw ce gc``cfbvbjw#occfw c~ wj~ubgjw bigazfj ciar vmj udazj#gcwv ce`dixcj~ -xmrwbgda#bivjaajgvzda" mj~j dnzifdiv ~d `dvj~bdaw d~j dudbadnaj) Bi vmj x~jwjiv

wrwvj` vmj x~bgjw ce gc``cfbvbjw#occfw c~ wj~ubgjw bigazfj ud~bczw gc`xcijivw abkj ~d


12/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`

Xajdwj ubwbv )ubldrdk~zwmidud~`d)gc` Xdoj 4>

`dvj~bdaw gcwv! vd}! x~cebv! bivj~jwv! gc~~zxvbci! vd} gc`xabdigj gcwv! `di xcj~

-xmrwbgda#bivjaajgvzda"! v~diwxc~v! xcj~ -ezja#jajgv~bgbvr" dif wmjae abej) Vmj ebida ~jwzav ce VCX

Vd} wrwvj` baa nj vmj dgmbjuj`jiv ce xj~ejgv jtzbabn~bz` njvjji fj`dif dif wzxxar;

fjujacx`jiv dif jtzdabvr; o~cvm dif bieadvbci; ~jda `cijr dif g~jfbv `cijr -acdijf `cijr";

~jujizjw dif j}xjifbvz~j) Vmj acxwbfjf fjujacx`jiv d`cio xjcxaj dif ~jobciw vmdv bw njbio

bvijwwjf bi vmj x~jwjiv jgcic`bg wrwvj` baa gjdwj vc j}bwv) Vmj idvz~da ~jwcz~gj dif jdavm

ce d gcziv~r gdi nj jtzdaar fbwv~bnzvjf d`cio vmj xjcxaj)

Zifj~ x~jwjiv jgcic`bg wrwvj` vmj~j d~j ciar d ej xadrj~w! `c~j ~jej~jjw -abgjiwj!

xj~`bv! gmjgk xcwvw! dr nbaaw! dzfbvbio! dwwjww`jiv dif biwxjgvbci" dif `c~j wxjgvdvc~w)

Vmj x~cxcwjf Vcx vd} wrwvj` baa ajduj wxdgj ec~ `c~j xadrj~w! d ej ~jej~jjw -xcaazvbci

gciv~ca ncd~f ciar" dif d ej wxjgvdvc~w) Vmj `d~kjvw baa njgc`j wc bfj cxji bvm ic

xj~`bvw c~ abgjigjw ~jtzb~jf -j}gjxv xcaazvbci gciv~ca ncd~fw xj~`bwwbci" vc ~zi dir nzwbijww

c~ bifzwv~r j}gjxv vmcwj mj~j dnwcazvj ijgjwwbvr bw ~jtzb~jf ec~ xj~`bwwbciw e~c`

Ocuj~i`jivw ec~ bibio c~jw! `bij~daw! wjjfw! xjwvbgbfjw! j}xacwbujw jvg!) Vmzw juj~rcij gdijivj~ bivc vmj `d~kjv dif wvd~v mbw#mj~ ci nzwbijww c~ bifzwv~r bvmczv dir wmdgkajw

vmj~jnr ~jfzgbio zij`xacr`jiv wznwvdivbdaar) Dv vmj wd`j vb`j! bvm wc `dir xadrj~w bi vmj

`d~kjv dif mbom gc`xjvbvbci! vmj x~bgjw ce occfw#wj~ubgjw baa njgc`j gmjdxj~! njijebvvbio

gciwz`j~w) Vmbw biud~bdnar big~jdwjw gciwz`xvbci ajdfbio vc `c~j x~cfzgvbci dif o~cvm

~dvj)

Vmj ndwbg gcigjxv ce vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj` bw vmdv ciar wbioaj vd}! bi vmj xadgj ce x~jwjiv

`zavbxaj vd}jw! baa nj xdbf nr vmj xjcxaj ci gc``cfbvbjw#wj~ubgjw `dizedgvz~jf bvmbi vmj

gcziv~r! dxd~v e~c` vmj gzwvc`w fzvr mbgm bw b`xcwjf ciar vc wduj fc`jwvbg bifzwv~r c~

nzwbijww) Vmj gzwvc`w fzvr gdi nj ~j`cujf ci gj~vdbi occfw abkj gj`jiv dif wvjja dw dif

mji ijgjwwd~r vc gmjgk vmj ldgkjf zx x~bgjw gdzwjf nr gd~vja d`cio vmjwj gc`xdibjw difdawc ci do~bgzavz~j x~cfzgj mji wzeebgbjiv eccf o~dbi x~cfzgvbci bw icv dudbadnaj ec~

gciwz`xvbci c~ x~cgz~j`jiv vcd~fw jwwjivbda nzeej~ wvcgk! njgdzwj ce f~czomv c~ cvmj~

idvz~da gdad`bvbjw) Wc vmj diizda nzfojv x~jwjivdvbci! be ijgjwwd~r! baa nj `dbiar zvbabwjf vc

fbwv~bnzvj dif daacgdvj ~jujizjw vc ud~bczw wjgvc~w! fjxd~v`jivw dif jaed~j wgmj`jw

biwvjdf ce ecgzwwbio ci vd}dvbci! vd} gcaajgvbci dif jiec~gj`jiv ci vd} gc`xabdigj)

Bi vmj x~jwjiv jgcic`bg wrwvj` vmj nzfojv x~jxd~dvbci bw

`dwwbuj! `zavb wvdojf! vb`j gciwz`bio dif adnc~bczw x~cgjww) Vmj~j d~j vmczwdifw ce

fbeej~jiv mbom c~ uj~r ac udazjf occfw c~ wj~ubgjw vc nj wjo~jodvjf bivc fbeej~jiv o~czxw dif

vd}jf nr ncvm Gjiv~j dif Wvdvjw bvm fbeej~jiv vd}jw dv vm~jj c~ `c~j wadn ~dvjw dif! dw be

vmjwj d~j icv jiczom! vmj~j d~j dffbvbcida wz~gmd~ojw c~ gjwwjw ci wjajgvjf occfw) Vmjwj vd}wv~zgvz~jw dif wadn ~dvjw ci fbeej~jiv occfw kjjx gmdiobio juj~r rjd~) _bvm vmjwj

gc`xabgdvjf vd} wv~zgvz~jw dif juj~ gmdiobio wadn ~dvjw juj~r rjd~! vmj vd} gc`xabdigj nr

bifbubfzda `dizedgvz~j~w! fjdaj~w dif ~jvdbaj~w mdw njji fbeebgzav! gz`nj~wc`j dif

ncvmj~wc`j) Vd}jw d~j njbio gcaajgvjf nr fbeej~jiv vd} gcaajgvbci fjxd~v`jivw ndwjf ci vmj

dggczivw `dbivdbijf nr bifbubfzdaw mc ~zi bifzwv~r c~ nzwbijww) Vmj~j bw xajivr ce ~cc` ec~

zifj~wvdvj`jiv ce x~cfzgvbci dif wdajw! vd} judwbci dif gciwjtzjiv nrx~cfzgv ce nadgk

`cijr) Nzv bi vmj wzoojwvjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` vmj~j baa nj wbioaj vd} gdaajf VCX -V~diwej~ C~

Xz~gmdwj" vd} bvm eb}jf#wvdvbcid~r wadn ~dvj -6*" ci daa `cijr v~diwej~w e~c` cij dggcziv vc

dicvmj~ dggcziv vm~czom gmjtzj! fjnbv gd~f dif ciabij v~diwej~#ijv ndikbio bi vmj xz~gmdwj

gmdbi ce gciwz`j~w! ~jvdbaj~w dif `dizedgvz~j~w) Vmj V~diwej~ C~ Xz~gmdwj VCX Vd} -6*" baanj fjfzgvjf dzvc`dvbgdaar nr gc`xzvj~ wrwvj`w ce ndikw ci daa `cijr v~diwej~w e~c` cij


13/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`


dggcziv vc dicvmj~ dggcziv b~~jwxjgvbuj ce vmj edgv vmdv ec~ mdv xz~xcwj

-xz~gmdwj#fcidvbci#wdad~bjw#acdiw" dif nr mc` vmjwj `cijr v~diwej~w mduj njji `dfj)

Vmj vd} baa nj ciar ci `cijr v~diwej~w ec~` cij dggcziv vc dicvmj~ ~dvmj~ vmdi ci

vmj udazj ce occf#gc``cfbvbjw dif wj~ubgjw bvm juj~ gmdiobio wadn ~dvjw juj~r rjd~ dv

nzfojv vb`j bi vmj x~jwjiv vd}dvbci wrwvj`) Wc vmj ~jujizj gcaajgvbciw ec~ ncvm Gjiv~j dif

Wvdvjf Ocuj~i`jivw baa nj biwvdiv! dzvc`dvbg! x~c`xv dif gcivbizczw x~cgjww vm~czomczv

vmj rjd~ bvm ic ~cc` ec~ vd} judwbci) Vmj~j baa nj dnwcazvjar ic vd} gcaajgvbci j}xjifbvz~j

ec~ vmj Ocuj~i`jiv dif vd} gc`xabdigj gcwv ec~ gbvb|jiw) Vmj xz~xcwj ce nzfojv x~jxd~dvbci

baa nj ciar vmj daacgdvbci ce ~jujizjw! ocv e~c` VCX Vd} dif X~cebv Vd}! vc ud~bczw wjgvc~w!

fjxd~v`jivw c~ bibwv~bjw) Vd}dvbci! vd} gcaajgvbci! vd} jiec~gj`jiv! vd} gc`xabdigj!

daacgdvbci ce ~jujizjw vc ud~bczw `bibwv~bjw c~ fjxd~v`jivw dif `cijr wzxxar bivc vmj

jgcic`r d~j zibebjf bi vmbw zibtzj VCX Vd} wrwvj`) Wc vmj nzfojv x~jwjivdvbci baa njgc`j

wb`xaj! w`ccvm dif vb`j wdubio) C~ juji vmj~j baa nj ic ijjf ec~ nzfojv x~jwjivdvbci jdgm

rjd~) Vmj rjd~ar nzfojv x~jwjivdvbci gdi nj wcajar zvbabwjf ec~ xj~gjivdoj bwj daacgdvbci difgmdiijaabio ce vmcwj dzvc`dvbgdaar gcaajgvjf VCX Vd} dif X~cebv Vd} ~jujizjw nr ndikw vc

ud~bczw wjgvc~w abkj mczwbio! mjdavm gd~j! jfzgdvbci! f~bikbio dvj~! v~diwxc~v! b~~bodvbci!

do~bgzavz~j! jiub~ci`jiv! wdibvdvbci! bie~dwv~zgvz~j x~cljgvw! ~z~da fjujacx`jiv! fjejigj dif

bivj~ida xcabgbio) Vmj xj~gjivdoj ce ezifw daacgdvjf vc ud~bczw `bibwv~bjw! fjxd~v`jivw c~

wjgvc~w gdi nj gmdiojf juj~r rjd~ fjxjifbio zxci vmj ijjf! ijgjwwbvr dif z~ojigr dgtzb~jf

nr vmj`) Vmj Ocuj~i`jiv wv~zgvz~j dif `dgmbij~r gdi nj ~jwv~zgvz~jf! fciwb|jf dif ebij

vzijf icv ciar vc ~jfzgj dwvjeza j}xjifbvz~j nzv dawc vc gdvj~ vc vmj ndwbg ijjfw ce xjcxaj

gcigj~ibio mczwbio! mjdavm gd~j! jfzgdvbci! wdibvdvbci dif f~bikbio dvj~) Vc wdr n~bjear! vmj

Ocuj~i`jivw jivb~j gcigjiv~dvbci dif vcx `cwv x~bc~bvr baa wmbev e~c` vd}dvbci ! vd}

gcaajgvbci dif jiec~gj`jiv vc b`xaj`jivdvbci ce jaed~j wgmj`jw dif fjujacx`jiv cebie~dwv~zgvz~j x~cljgvw)

Bi vmbw ij jgcic`bg wrwvj` vmj vcvda ~jujizjw ce dir gcziv~r baa nj dxx~c}b`dvjar

jtzda vc 6* -VCX Vd}" ] 7 0 4>* ce vmj vcvda OFX Udazj ce vmdv gcziv~r mbaj dwwz`bio vmdv

jdgm gc``cfbvr c~ wj~ubgj baa gmdioj mdifw dv di duj~doj ce vm~jj vb`jw bi vmj gciwz`j~!

~jvdbaj~! fjdaj~ dif `dizedgvz~j~ gmdbi) Vmdv `jdiw dv jdgm gmdioj ce mdifw ce dir

gc``cfbvr c~ wj~ubgj vmj `cijr baa nj v~diwej~~jf e~c` cij dggcziv vc dicvmj~ dggcziv

mbaj ajdubio ic ~cc` ec~ vd} judwbci) Vmj~j baa nj dffbvbcida : vc 48 * VCX Vd} ~jujizjw

ci vmj ~jwdaj ce vmj wmd~jw! `cudnaj dif b``cudnaj x~cxj~vbjw! dif fcidvbciw bi vmdv

gcziv~r) Ez~vmj~`c~j vmj~j baa nj ~jujizjw e~c` ducbfdnaj X~cebv vd}) Bi daa x~cndnbabvr

vmjwj ~jujizjw baa nj `c~j vmdi 4:8* ce vmj ~jujizjw vmdv d~j dgg~zbio e~c` `zavbxaj vd}jwbi vmj x~jwjiv jgcic`bg wrwvj`) Xajdwj ~j`j`nj~ vmdv daa vmjwj ~jujizjw baa nj gcaajgvjf

bvmczv dir vd} gcaajgvbci j}xjifbvz~j ci vd} gcaajgvbci fjxd~v`jivw! vd} v~bnzidaw dif vd}

jiec~gj`jiv dojigbjw

Bi vmj wzoojwvjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` vmj ndikw#wj~ubgj gjiv~jw baa njgc`j ub~vzdaar vmj

bivj~`jfbd~bjw njvjji xjcxaj dif vmj Ocuj~i`jiv ec~ daa vd} gcaajgvbciw dif ~jfbwv~bnzvbci

ce ezifw#~jujizjw e~c` vmj Ocuj~i`jiv vc xjcxaj! mc wmczaf nj vmj idvz~da! jabobnaj dif

ajobvb`dvj ~jgbxbjivw mbaj jab`bidvbio mdajw! xd~dwbvjw dif ab`xjvw) _mjijuj~ d xj~wci

`bo~dvjw c~ `cujw vc d ij xadgj mbw caf dff~jww bi @dbi Wdubio Dggcziv -@WD" wmczaf nj

gmdiojf bvm vmj ij dff~jww vc ojv `civmar ~dvbci! wznwbfbjw!

gc`xjiwdvbci#j}o~dvbd#~jabje ezifw bi vmj jujiv ce idvz~da gdad`bvbjw abkj jd~vmtzdkj!grgacijw! eaccfw! ed`bij! f~czomv! jvg)! bi vmdv xd~vbgzad~ xadgj dif dawc vc ojv ucvbio ~bomv bi

vmdv xd~vbgzad~ gciwvbvzjigr) Bi vmj wzoojwvjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` vmj @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv


14/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`


-@WD" ce jdgm xj~wci wmdaa nj zvbabwjf dw vmj fj`dv dggcziv ce vmdv xj~wci ec~ mcafbio ncvm

`cudnaj dif b``cudnaj x~cxj~vbjw abkj wmd~jw! adifw! xacvw! eadvw! ocaf! wbauj~! ljjaaj~r!

c~id`jivw! uj~r mbom udazjf d~vbgajw! `cvc~ grgajw! gd~w! cvmj~ ujmbgajw dif daa cvmj~

x~cxj~vbjw#dwwjvw) _mbaj xz~gmdwbio c~ wjaabio! vmj v~diwej~ ce cij~wmbx ~bomvw ce vmjwj

dwwjvw#x~cxj~vbjw e~c` cij xj~wci vc dicvmj~ xj~wci wmdaa nj `dfj e~c` cij xj~wciw @WD

vc dicvmj~ xj~wciw @WD vm~czom ndikw#wj~ubgj gjiv~jw bi d fbobvda#jajgv~cibg ec~`)

Zwdoj ce @WDw! WWDw dif GDIw


15/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`

Xajdwj ubwbv )ubldrdk~zwmidud~`d)gc` Xdoj 4:

Ububf j}xadidvbci< Bi vmbw wzoojwvjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` vmj b``cudnaj x~cxj~vr ecafj~

dif vmj `cudnaj x~cxj~vr ecafj~w ce @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv -@WD" ce jdgm xj~wci wmdaa nj

zvbabwjf dw vmj fj`dv dggcziv ce vmdv xj~wci ec~ cij~wmbx ~bomvw ce ncvm `cudnaj dif

b``cudnaj x~cxj~vbjw abkj wmd~jw! adifw! xacvw! eadvw! ocaf! wbauj~! ljjaaj~r! c~id`jivw! uj~r

mbom udazjf d~vbgajw! `cvc~ grgajw! gd~w! cvmj~ ujmbgajw dif daa cvmj~ x~cxj~vbjw#dwwjvw) _mbaj

xz~gmdwbio c~ wjaabio! vmj v~diwej~ ce cij~wmbx ce vmjwj dwwjvw#x~cxj~vbjw e~c` cij xj~wci vc

dicvmj~ xj~wci wmdaa nj `dfj e~c` cij xj~wciw @WD vc dicvmj~ xj~wciw @WD vm~czom

ndikw#wj~ubgj gjiv~jw bi di jajgv~cibg#fbobvda ec~`) Wc vmj v~diwej~ ce dwwjvw abkj adifw! xacvw!

eadvw! ocaf! ljjaaj~r! c~id`jivw dif ujmbgajw baa vdkj xadgj bi xmrwbgda ec~` zxci vmj v~diwej~

ce cij~wmbx ~bomv ce vmdv dwwjv bi fbobvda ec~` e~c` cij @WD -wjaaj~" vc dicvmj~ @WD -nzrj~")

Ad~gjir! nz~oad~bjw! accvbiow dif j}vc~vbciw baa gc`j vc di jif! njgdzwj bvmczv vmj

cij~wmbx ~bomvw ce ocaf! wbauj~! ljjaaj~r dif cvmj~ mbom udazjf bvj`w bi vmj @WDw! vmjr gdiicv

nj wcaf c~ nczomv) Bi abvj~da wjiwj ndikw baa ub~vzdaar dgv dw gzwvcfbdiw ec~ xjcxajw `cijr!

wmd~jw! dwwjvw dif daa `cudnaj dif b``cudnaj x~cxj~vbjw) Vmj ndik n~digmjw# ndikbio wj~ubgjgjiv~jw baa nj bivj~`jfbd~bjw njvjji xjcxaj dif Fjxcwbvd~r! mc wmczaf nj zifj~ ezaa

gciv~ca! ocuj~ijf! `cibvc~jf dif gmjgkjf nr Gjiv~da Ndik ce vmdv xd~vbgzad~ gcziv~r) Bi cvmj~

c~fw ndik n~digmjw#ndikbio wj~ubgj gjiv~jw gdi nj gdaajf dw wbioaj bifc wmcxw mj~j daa

ndwbg wj~ubgjw ce vmj xjcxaj baa nj `jv) VCX Vd} wrwvj` wzoojwvw vmdv vcvda adif ~jgc~f ce vmj

gcziv~r wmczaf nj fj`dvj~bdabwjf dggc~fbio vc j}vjiv! acgdvbci! `dxxbio dif cij~wmbx) Vmj

adif njaciow vc xjcxaj baa nj ~jgc~fjf bi vmjb~ ~jwxjgvbuj @WDw) Wb`bad~ar vmj adif vmdv

njaciow vc Ocuj~i`jiv! Ocuj~i`jiv c~odibwdvbciw! gc`xdibjw wmczaf nj ~jgc~fjf bi vmjb~

~jwxjgvbuj dggczivw) Bi vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj` vmj ndik n~digmjw#ndikbio wj~ubgj gjiv~jw baa dgv

dw `bffaj `ji ec~ xjcxaj! `dizedgvz~j~w! fjdaj~w! wjaaj~w dif nzrj~w ec~ v~diwej~ c~ v~dfj ce

`cijr! wmd~jw! gc``cfbvbjw! adifw! eadvw! xacvw! ujmbgajw! dif cvmj~ `cudnaj c~ b``cudnajx~cxj~vr mbaj nzrbio c~ wjaabio dv dnwcazvjar e~jj ce gcwv)

Zifj~ vmj VCX vd} wrwvj`! adifw! xacvw! eadvw c~ cvmj~ x~cxj~vbjw xz~gmdwjf wmczaf nj

`dfj vm~czom `dbi wdubiow dggcziv ciar) Be dir xj~wci nzrw adif! xacv! eadv c~ dir cvmj~

x~cxj~vr dirmj~j bi Bifbd vmj j}vjiv dif idvz~j ce vmj x~cxj~vr baa nj g~jfbvjf bi mbw @dbi

Wdubiow Dggcziv dif vmj wd`j x~cxj~vr baa nj fjnbvjf e~c` vmj wjaaj~w @dbi Wdubiow

Dggcziv -@WD") _mjijuj~ mj#wmj wjaaw dir x~cxj~vr vmdv bw g~jfbvjf bi mbw @WD! vmj wd`j baa

nj fjnbvjf e~c` mbw#mj~ @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv dif vmj wd`j x~cxj~vr baa nj g~jfbvjf bi vmj

nzrj~w @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv -@WD") Lzwv abkj wmd~jw vmj~j baa nj ic xdxj~ fcgz`jivw ec~

x~cxj~vbjw) Ziabkj gdwm v~diwej~w vmj nzrj~w x~jwjigj dif wboidvz~j#dzvmjivbgdvbci wmdaa dawc

nj ijjfjf ec~ dir `cudnaj c~ b``cudnaj x~cxj~vr v~diwdgvbci)Vmj~j baa nj ic `zavbxaj wjaabio ce vmj wd`j x~cxj~vr vc fbeej~jiv xjcxaj dif

zidzvmc~bwjf wjaabio#xz~gmdwj dif baajoda cggzxdvbci ce cvmj~ xj~wciw x~cxj~vr bvmczv

mbw#mj~ kicbio#gciwjiv baa icv nj xcwwbnaj)

Vmj ecz~vm ecafj~ -wmd~jw#wvcgkw ecafj~" wmdaa nj zvbabwjf ec~ wvc~doj dif zwdoj ce cij~wmbx

~bomvw ce wmd~jw#wvcgkw! ncifw! fj~budvbujw jvg) Vmj cij~wmbx ~bomvw ce vmjwj wjgz~bvbjw baa nj

v~diwej~~jf e~c` cij xj~wciw @WD vc dicvmj~ xj~wciw @WD mbaj nzrbio#wjaabio#fcidvbci)

Vmj wmd~jw baa mduj ciar cij~wmbx ~bomvw dif gdaajf dw wj`b wcabf `cijr)

Vmj ebevm ecafj~ -ed`bar ecafj~" wmdaa nj zvbabwjf ec~ ed`bar fjvdbaw dif gdaajf dw ed`bar ecafj~)

@d~~bdoj ~jobwv~dvbci dif gmbaf nb~vm ~jobwv~dvbciw baa nj `dfj ncvm bi mzwndif dif bejw

ed`bar ecafj~w ce @WDw) Ndwjf ci vmj fjvdbaw bi vmj ed`bar ecafj~w! `civmar ~dvbciw baa njgc`xzvjf dif v~diwej~~jf juj~r `civm! bi vmj ec~` ce gdwm! fb~jgvar bivc vmj bejw @WDw)

Juj~r gmbaf baa ojv mbw#mj~ ci @WD dggcziv dv vmj doj ce 4: rjd~w) Vmj ndik wvdvj`jiv ceVmj


16/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`


ebevm ecafj~ -ed`bar ecafj~" ce @WD ce dir bifbubfzda gdi nj zvbabwjf dw gdwvj dif bigc`j

gj~vbebgdvj! ucvj~ abwv! ~dvbci gd~f dif xdwwxc~v) Bv gdi nj cnvdbijf bvmbi `bizvjw e~c` dir

ndik dif e~c` dirmj~j bi vmj gcziv~r) Xjcxaj ijjf icv xdr n~bnjw vc ojv vmjwj gj~vbebgdvjw

c~ fcgz`jivw e~c` ~jujizj fjxd~v`jiv dif xdwwxc~v ceebgjw) Daa ezifw daacgdvjf vcd~fw

jaed~j ce WGw! WVw dif NGw gdi nj v~diwej~~jf fb~jgvar bivc vmj @WDw ce vmjwj wjgvbciw

ajdubio ic ~cc` ec~ ajdkdojw! n~bnjw dif `bwdxx~cx~bdvbci ce vmjwj ezifw)

Ububf j}xadidvbci8

rjd~w)Vmbw wrwvj` vcvdaar dif xj~`dijivar gmjgkw vmj juj~ big~jdwbio x~cnaj` ce baajoda `bo~dvbci

e~c` Xdkbwvdi dif Ndioadfjwm gmdiobio vmj fj`co~dxmbg x~cxc~vbci ce Bifbd vc di

zib`dobidnaj ajuja) Cigj daa vmj gbvb|jiw dncuj vmj doj ce 4: rjd~w d~j obuji vmj `difdvc~r

@dbi Wdubiow dggcziv -@WD" dif vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj` njgc`jw ezaar cxj~dvbcida! ic dfzav baa

nj obuji @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv -@WD" vmj~jdevj~) E~c` mj~jdevj~ juj~r dffbvbcida @dbi

Wdubiow Dggcziv @WD baa nj di ceewmccv ce di j}bwvbio @WD njaciobio vc xd~jivw) Vmj~j baa nj

ic tzjwvbci ce dffbvbcida e~jwm @WD bvmczv xd~jivw j}bwvbio @WD) Wb`bad~ar j}bwvbio @WDw baa

gc`j vc gjdwj zxci vmj fjdvm ce bifbubfzdaw) Daa vmj `cijr! wmd~jw! `cudnaj dif b``cudnaj

x~cxj~vbjw ~jgc~fjf bi vmj ebuj ecafj~w ce @WD ce vmj fjgjdwjf xj~wci baa nj v~diwej~~jf vc

mbw#mj~ ajoda mjb~w) Vmj vcvda iz`nj~ ce @WDw baa big~jdwj juj~r rjd~ fjxjifbio zxci vmjo~cvm ~dvj ce xcxzadvbci ce vmdv gcziv~r) VCX Vd} wrwvj` baa ~jgc~f; `dbivdbi juj~r

bifbubfzdaw ed`bar ~jgc~f ojij~dvbci devj~ ojij~dvbci) Vmj~jec~j baajoda `bo~divw e~c` cvmj~

gcziv~bjw gdiicv jivj~ baajodaar bivc Bifbd! ojv @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv c~ Wzn Wdubiow Dggczivw

dif dwwb`badvj bi Bifbdi xcxzadvbci) Bv baa nj d acv jdwbj~ ec~ vmj ocuj~i`jiv vc fjvjgv

vj~~c~bwvw dif `babvdivw mc g~cww cuj~ e~c` dg~cww vmj nc~fj~ vc bifzaoj bi ziadeza dgvbubvbjw)

VCX vd} wrwvj` baa nj cxj~dvjf wcajar nr ndikw vc x~cubfj fbeej~jiv wj~ubgjw ec~ vmj

Ocuj~i`jiv abkj vd}dvbci! vd} gcaajgvbci! vd} jiec~gj`jiv; ec~ bwwzbio gdwvj gj~vbebgdvjw!

bigc`j gj~vbebgdvjw! ucvj~ abwvw! `civmar ~dvbciw! wznwbfbjw! xjiwbciw! gdad`bvr ~jabje ezifw!

xdwwxc~vw! abgjigjw! ejjw ~jb`nz~wj`jivw! wgmcad~wmbxw jvg)! dv dnwcazvjar e~jj ce gcwv) VCX

Vd} wrwvj`! cxj~dvjf nr ndikw! baa dawc mjax xjcxaj bi ojvvbio daa vmj dncuj `jivbcijfwj~ubgjw dv wbioaj bifc vm~czom vmjb~ @WDw bvm ebuj fbeej~jiv ecafj~w) Vmdv `jdiw VCX Vd}

wrwvj` baa ~jxadgj x~jwjiv wrwvj`w `zavbxaj fjxd~v`jivw abkj Bigc`j vd} fjxd~v`jiv!

Gjiv~da J}gbwj fjxd~v`jiv! GNFV! GNJG! Vd} v~bnzidaw! xdwwxc~v fjxd~v`jiv! gjiwzw

fjxd~v`jiv! Wvdvjw gc``j~gbda vd} fjxd~v`jivw! gbuba wzxxabjw fjxd~v`jivw! ~jobwv~dvbci

fjxd~v`jivw! ~jujizj fjxd~v`jivw jvg)! wdubio vmczwdifw ce g~c~jw ce Ocuj~i`jivw ici

xadi j}xjifbvz~j)

>) Zwdoj ce Wzn Wdubiow Dggcziv -WWD"


17/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`

Xajdwj ubwbv )ubldrdk~zwmidud~`d)gc` Xdoj 4?

Xznabg ab`bvjf gc`xdibjw mbgm wcaf#bwwzjf wmd~jw vc vmj xznabg baa nj obuji GDIw) Jdgm

Gc~xc~dvj Dggcziv Iz`nj~ baa mduj wjuji ecafj~w ec~ jdgm wxjgbebg cxj~dvbio#~ziibio

xz~xcwj ce vmj gc`xdir)

Vmj eb~wv ecafj~ wmdaa nj zvbabwjf ec~ wvc~doj dif zwdoj ce `cijr ec~ ~ziibio vmdv gc`xdir)

Vmj wjgcif ecafj~ wmdaa nj zvbabwjf ec~ mdubio daa ~jgc~fw ce b``cudnaj x~cxj~vbjw abkj adif!

nzbafbiow! bie~dwv~zgvz~j dif jvgjvj~d ce vmdv x~cljgv#xadiv#nzwbijww) Vmj vmb~f ecafj~ wmdaa nj

zwjf ec~ ~jobwv~dvbci! wvc~doj dif zwdoj ce cij~wmbx ~bomvw ec~ daa eajjv ce ujmbgajw dif cvmj~

`cudnaj x~cxj~vbjw abkj `dgmbij~r jvgjvj~d ~jtzb~jf ec~ ~ziibio ce vmdv gc`xdir) Vmj ecz~vm

ecafj~ wmdaa nj zwjf ec~ wvc~doj ce daa wmd~jw ce vmj x~c`cvj~w dif vmj xznabg ce vmdv gc`xdir)

Vmj ebevm ecafj~ wmdaa gcivdbi vmj fjvdbaw dif dggczivw ce daa vmj j`xacrjf `dixcj~ ce vmdv

gc`xdir) Vmj wb}vm ecafj~ wmdaa gcivdbi vmj fjvdbajf dggczivw ce daa ~d `dvj~bdaw dif cvmj~

~jtzb~jf bixzvw nczomv dif zwjf ec~ ~ziibio ce vmdv gc`xdir) Vmj wjujivm ecafj~ wmdaa gcivdbi

vmj fjvdbaw dif dggczivw ce daa x~cfzgvw `dizedgvz~jf! wdajw dif biujivc~r) VCX Vd} wrwvj`w

GDI bvm wjuji ecafj~w bw d ij x~cgjfz~j vc wjj vmdv gc`xdirw ebidigbda ncckw j~j gajdi!dggz~dvj! cxji dif v~diwxd~jiv vc daa wmd~j mcafj~w wc vmdv vmj~j gdi nj ic ~cc` ec~ e~dzfzajiv

dif fjgjxvbuj ebidigbda wvdvj`jivw)

Ububf j}xadidvbci< Vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj`w Gc~xc~dvj Dggcziv Iz`nj~w -GDIw" bvm wjuji

ecafj~w baa `dkj daa gc`xdibjw dggczivw ezaar v~diwxd~jiv dif cxji vc daa wmd~j mcafj~w juj~r

fdr -ziabkj tzd~vj~ar! mdaerjd~ dif rjd~ar wvdvj`jivw ~jajdwjf nr vmj gc`xdibjw bi vmj x~jwjiv

wrwvj`" ec~ biwxjgvbci! wvzfr dif didarwbw njec~j biujwvbio vmjb~ md~f jd~ijf `cijr bi wmd~jw

ce vmcwj gc`xdibjw bvm wczif ebidigbda xcwbvbci) Vmj v~diwxd~jiv dggczivbio wrwvj` bi GDIw

bvm wjuji wjxd~dvj ecafj~w ec~ `cijr! `cudnaj x~cxj~vr! b``cudnaj x~cxj~vr! `dixcj~!

wmd~jw! ~d `dvj~bdaw dif cvmj~ bixzvw! dif `dizedgvz~jf x~cfzgvw dif biujivc~r baa ~j`cuj

daa e~dzfw bi dggczivbio! wjgz~bvbjw! wvcgkw dif biujwv`jiv ) Vmjwj GDIw bvm wjuji ecafj~wjiwz~j vmdv vmj~j baa nj ic gmdigj ce e~dzfzajiv nzwbijww x~dgvbgjw ce cuj~wvdvbio x~cebvw!

gcigjdabio fjnvw! wx~jdfbio vmj j}xjiwjw czv cuj~ wjuj~da rjd~w! zifj~ ucbgbio c~ cuj~ ucbgbio

ce ~d `dvj~bdaw! bixzvw! dif `dizedgvz~jf x~cfzgvw! zifj~ c~ cuj~ wvdvbio ce wvcgkw! xdffbio

zx ce x~cljgv gcwv dif fbuj~vbio ce ezifw dv o~czifbio! gciwv~zgvbci! j~jgvbci dif daa wvdojw ce

x~cljgv b`xaj`jivdvbci dif xznabgdvbci ce edawbebjf ebidigbda ~jxc~vw) Vmj GDIw ce VCX Vd}

wrwvj` gdi dawc gmjgk vmj fbuj~wbci ce ezifw e~c` cij gc`xdir vc dicvmj~ gc`xdir bvmbi vmj

o~czx gc`xdibjw -wd`j x~c`cvj~w") Vmj VCX vd} wrwvj` obujw d nbo nccwv vc wvcgk `d~kjvw dw

xjcxaj wvd~v nzrbio mzoj acvw ce wmd~jw vc `dbivdbi `bib`z` ndadigj bi vmjb~ dggczivw bi c~fj~

vc ducbf X~cebv vd}) Vmj~j baa nj ic wboibebgdiv jeejgv ce VCX vd} wrwvj` ci biv~dfdr v~dfbio dif

Ezvz~j cxvbciw v~dfbio njgdzwj vmj accwj~ accwjw j}v~d 6* ce vmj acww d`cziv ciar bi vmjbiv~dfdr v~dfbio) Xjcxaj baa x~jej~ vc nzr wmd~jw ci vmj acio vj~` dif diizda rbjaf ndwbw) Vmjr

biujwv bi vmj gc`xdibjw mbgm obuj mdifwc`j fbubfjifw rjd~ devj~ rjd~)

VCX Vd} wrwvj`w ebuj `dbi cnljgvbujw d~j 4"Vmj vd} gcaajgvbciw e~c`

xjcxaj! >" vmj fbwv~bnzvbci ce ~jujizjw e~c` ocuj~i`jivw vc xjcxaj bi vmj ec~` ce wznwbfbjw!

~jabje ezifw bi vmj jujiv ce idvz~da gdad`bvbjw abkj jd~vm tzdkjw! eaccfw! ed`bijw! xjiwbciw!

gdwm v~diwej~w vcd~fw `civmar ~dvbciw! mcwxbvda nbaaw! jfzgdvbci nbaaw! jv)! 7" x~cubfbio daa

ndwbg wj~ubgjw bigazfbio ~jobwv~dvbciw ce `cudnaj dif b``cudnaj x~cxj~vbjw! f~bubio abgjigjw!

db~! nzw! v~dbi vbgkjvw! xj~`bvw! abgjigjw! xdr`jiv ce jajgv~bgbvr! vjajxmcij nbaaw! dvj~ gjww!

mczwj vd}jw! bwwzj ce ucvj~ abwvw dif ucvj~ wabxw! nb~vm dif fjdvm ~jobwv~dvbciw! gjiwzw eboz~jw

dv juj~r fdr! juj~r mcz~! juj~r `bizvj -ziabkj dv juj~r fjgdfj bi vmj x~jwjiv wrwvj`"!6" ajifbio `cijr vc nc~~cj~w dv vmj acjwv XA^ -duj~doj 7*xj~ diiz`") Daa vmjwj

cnljgvbujw gdi nj `jv dif gd~~bjf vm~czom ndikw#wj~ubgj gjiv~jw vc daa xjcxaj dv wbioaj


18/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`

Xajdwj ubwbv )ubldrdk~zwmidud~`d)gc` Xdoj 4=

bifc! wbvzdvjf ijd~jwv vc vmjb~ mc`jw -:" b`xaj`jivdvbci ce jaed~j wgmj`jw vc NGw! WGw!

WVw! vcd~fw jfzgdvbci! wjae j`xacr`jiv dif cvmj~ d~jdw! dif `civmar xjiwbciw vc wjibc~

gbvb|jiw -bvm ic c~ xdav~r bigc`jw" dif xmrwbgdaar gmdaajiojf)

VCX Vd} wrwvj`w `dbi cnljgvbujw baa nj gd~~bjf vm~czom ndikw#wj~ubgj

gjiv~jw dv dnwcazvjar e~jj ce gcwv) Vmj mzoj j}xjifbvz~j gcwv njbio bigz~~jf nr vmj ud~bczw

Wvdvj Ocuj~i`jivw dif Gjiv~da Ocuj~i`jiv ec~ vd} gcaajgvbciw vm~czom fbeej~jiv vd} gcaajgvbci

fjxd~v`jivw baa nj wdujf) Vmzw vmj mzoj vd} gcaajgvbci j}xjifbvz~j wdujf gdi nj njvvj~

zvbabwjf ec~ x~cubfbio e~jj mjdavm gd~j wj~ubgj dif jfzgdvbci vc daa xjcxaj ce vmj idvbci)

Daa vmj jd~ibiow#wdubiow ce di bifbubfzda fjxcwbvjf bi vmjb~ ~jwxjgvbuj

dggczivw -@WD#WWD" bi vmj ec~` ce iz`j~bgda#fbobvda udazj gdi nj zvbabwjf dv dir vb`j ec~

nzrbio ce `cudnaj c~ b``cudnaj x~cxj~vr c~ ec~ dir cvmj~ ajodaar daacjf xz~xcwj) Vmj

zizvbabwjf fjxcwbvw baa nj fbwnz~wjf dw acdiw vc vmj nc~~cj~w nr vmj ndikw dv vmj acjwv

ajifbio ~dvj -duj~doj 7* xj~ diiz` dw cxj~dvbio gcwv") Vmj vcvda x~cebvw -di jwvb`dvjf

56!2?7g~c~jw" ocv nr daa vmj ndikw# wj~ubgj gjiv~jw baa nj `c~j vmdi jiczom vc cxj~dvj vmj`dif vmjr gdi `jjv daa vmj cnljgvbujw ce VCX Vd} wrwvj` b)j) x~cubfbio daa ndwbg wj~ubgjw vc xjcxaj

dv dnwcazvjar e~jj ce gcwv dv wbioaj bifc)

Xznabg Fbwv~bnzvbci Wrwvj` baa nj gd~~bjf vm~czom ndikw#ndikbio wj~ubgj

gjiv~jw)Vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj` wzoojwvw fbwv~bnzvbci ce `civmar ~dvbciw bi vmj ec~` ce gdwm jtzdaabio

vmj vcvda gcwv ce o~dbiw dif wznwbfr xc~vbci ce kj~cwjij#AXO! wzod~! gcckbio cba! v~diwej~~jf

fb~jgvar vc vmj @dbi Wdubiow Dggczivw -@WD" ce ed`babjw! mcwj diizda bigc`jw d~j ajww vmdi

^w)4! :8!888 c~ dw fjgbfjf nr vmj Ocuj~i`jiv dv vmj nzfojv x~jwjivdvbci juj~r rjd~) Vmj

`civmar gdwm v~diwej~w wmczaf nj `dfj ci vmj 4wv

ce juj~r `civm vc vmj c`jiw @WD ce jdgm

ed`bar) Vmbw wrwvj` baa wj~uj jbomv xz~xcwjw) -4" Vmj j`xcj~`jiv ce c`ji gdi nj

dgmbjujf dv ajdwv vc wc`j j}vjiv) ->" Vmj `bwzwj ce zizvbabwjf ~dvbci -~bgj#mjdv! kj~cwjij!

wzod~! gcckbio cba jvg)!" nr vmj fjdaj~w baa nj gz~njf) -7" Vmj~j baa nj ic dfzavj~dvbci ce fbjwja

dif xjv~ca bvm zizvbabwjf #`bwzwjf kj~cwjij vm~czom XFW) -6" Vmj mbvmj~vc gb~gzbvczw! gcwvar

dif gc~~zxvbci ~bffji XFW baa nj ocij) -:" Vmj x~bgjw ce gc``cfbvbjw baa gc`j fci

wznwvdivbdaar) -5" Xjcxaj gdi nzr tzdabvr o~dbiw ce vmjb~ gmccwbio nr zwbio gdwm) -?" Vmj x~bgj ce

kj~cwjij gdi nj `dfj ci xd~ bvm fbjwja jab`bidvbio dfzavj~dvbci ce fbjwja dif xjv~ca) -=" Vmj

`bwzwj ce AXO ec~ gc``j~gbda xz~xcwj baa nj vcvdaar gz~njf) -2" Vmj mzoj j}xjifbvz~j gcwv ce

ocuj~i`jiv `dgmbij~r zwjf ec~ XFW baa nj wdujf)

Vmj d`cziv ce gdwm v~diwej~ baa nj fjgbfjf dv juj~r `civm ndwjf ci vmj x~judbabio x~bgjw

ce o~dbiw dv ~jvdba `d~kjv) Vmj `civmar ~dvbci baa nj jtzda vc -0" iz`nj~ ce KOw ce

~bgj#mjdv#mjdv eacz~ daacvvjf vc jdgm ed`bar } x~bgj+ wznwbfr xc~vbci ce wzod~ + wznwbfr

xc~vbci ce kj~cwjij#AXO + wznwbfr xc~vbci ce gcckbio cba ) Wc vmj ajww#ac bigc`j o~czx xjcxaj

baa ojv vmjb~ wvdxaj o~dbi dv e~jj ce gcwv dif vcvda wznwbfr xc~vbci ci kj~cwjij! wzod~! gcckbio

cba! gj~jdaw vm~czom gdwm v~diwej~w)

Wc vmj~j baa nj ciar cij Xznabg Fbwv~bnzvbci Wrwvj` -XFW" ec~ ncvm Gjiv~j dif daa Wvdvjw

gc`nbijf vcojvmj~ vm~czom Ndikw#ndikbio wj~ubgj gjiv~jw) Wc vmj mzoj ocuj~i`jiv `dgmbij~r

bw icv ~jtzb~jf ec~ vmj XFW wdubio acv ce xznabg `cijr) Vmj gcwv ce vmj gdwm v~diwej~w baa mduj

vc nj wmd~jf bi vmj ~dvbc ce ?8* nr Wvdvjw dif 78* nr Gjiv~j j}dgvar bi vmj wd`j ~dvbc ce

~jujizjw wzoojwvjf bi vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj`) Wjj xdoj : dif 5)


19/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`


Wb`bad~ar vmj ej~vbab|j~ wznwbfr d`cziv gdi nj v~diwej~~jf fb~jgvar vc vmj ed~`j~w @dbi

Wdubiow Dggczivw dw baazwv~dvjf bi vmj xdoj iz`nj~ 44 edgbabvdvbio vmj vcvda ~j`cuda ce wznwbfr

ci ej~vbab|j~w dif bvw `bwzwj nr ej~vbab|j~ gc`xdibjw)

Vmj ebevm dif `cwv b`xc~vdiv cnljgvbujw ce ndikw#ndikbio wj~ubgj gjiv~jw baa nj vmj

`didoj`jiv ce juj~r bifbubfzdaw daa `cudnaj dif b``cudnaj x~cxj~vbjw bi jajgv~cibg#fbobvda

ec~`dvw bi vmj ebuj wjxd~dvj ecafj~w bi @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv -@WD")

Bi vmj wzoojwvjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` vmj @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv -@WD" bvm ebuj ecafj~w ce

jdgm xj~wci wmdaa nj zvbabwjf dw vmj fj`dv dggcziv ce vmdv xj~wci ec~ mcafbio `cijr! fjnv

`cijr! `cudnaj dif b``cudnaj x~cxj~vbjw abkj wmd~jw! adifw! xacvw! eadvw! ocaf! wbauj~! ljjaaj~r!

c~id`jivw! uj~r mbom udazjf d~vbgajw! `cvc~ grgajw! gd~w! cvmj~ ujmbgajw dif daa cvmj~

x~cxj~vbjw#dwwjvw) _mbaj xz~gmdwbio c~ wjaabio! vmj v~diwej~ ce vmjwj dwwjvw#x~cxj~vbjw e~c` cij

xj~wci vc dicvmj~ xj~wci wmdaa nj `dfj e~c` cij xj~wciw @WD vc dicvmj~ xj~wciw @WD

vm~czom ndikw#wj~ubgj gjiv~jw bi di jajgv~cibg ec~`)

Zifj~ vmj VCX vd} wrwvj`! adifw! xacvw! eadvw c~ cvmj~ x~cxj~vbjw xz~gmdwjf wmczaf nj`dfj vm~czom `dbi wdubiow dggcziv ciar) Be dir xj~wci nzrw adif! xacv! eadv c~ dir cvmj~

x~cxj~vr dirmj~j bi Bifbd vmj j}vjiv dif idvz~j ce vmj x~cxj~vr baa nj g~jfbvjf bi mbw @dbi

Wdubiow Dggcziv dif vmj wd`j x~cxj~vr baa nj fjnbvjf e~c` vmj wjaaj~w @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv

-@WD") _mjijuj~ mj#wmj wjaaw dir x~cxj~vr vmdv bw g~jfbvjf bi mbw @WD! vmj wd`j baa nj

fjnbvjf e~c` mbw#mj~ @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv dif vmj wd`j x~cxj~vr baa nj g~jfbvjf bi vmj

nzrj~w @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv -@WD") Lzwv abkj wmd~jw vmj~j baa nj ic xdxj~ fcgz`jivw ec~

`cudnaj#b``cudnaj x~cxj~vbjw) Ziabkj gdwm v~diwej~w vmj nzrj~w x~jwjigj dif

wboidvz~j#dzvmjivbgdvbci wmdaa dawc nj ijjfjf ec~ dir `cudnaj c~ b``cudnaj x~cxj~vr

v~diwdgvbci)

7) @cijr wzxxar! ~jda `cijr dif g~jfbv `cijrVCX Vd} wrwvj`w @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv @WD baa mduj ebuj ecafj~w ec~ `cijr! wmd~jw#wvcgkw!

ncifw! fj~budvbujw! `cudnaj x~cxj~vr! b``cudnaj x~cxj~vr dif ed`bar) Vmj Wzn Wdubiow

Dggcziv baa mduj ciar cij ecafj~ ec~ `cijr) Vmj Gc~xc~dvj Dggcziv Iz`nj~ baa mduj wjuji

ecafj~w ec~ `cijr! `cudnaj x~cxj~vr! b``cudnaj x~cxj~vr! wjgz~bvbjw! ~d `dvj~bdaw dif cvmj~

bixzvw! `di xcj~! `dizedgvz~jf x~cfzgvw) Vmj eb~wv ecafj~ ce daa vmjwj vm~jj dggczivw baa nj

zwjf ec~ wvc~doj dif zwdoj ce `cijr ec~ xj~wcida c~ nzwbijww c~ bifzwv~bda xz~xcwj) Ec~

fjvdbajf zwdoj ce vmjwjdggczivw xajdwj wjj xdoj iz`nj~4? dif 4=)

Vcx Vd} wrwvj` wzoojwvw vmj Gdwm ~jwj~uj ^dvbc G^^ xj~`dijivar dv 48*) Daa vmj acdiw

vdkji nr dir xj~wci baa nj ~jgc~fjf dif `dbivdbijf bi vmj wzn ecafj~ gdaajf Fjnv `cijr

ecafj~ ce mbw#mj~ @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv) Vmj acdi `cijr bw gdaajf Fjnv `cijr) Wb`bad~ar vmjnc~~cbiow ce `cijr -acdiw" ec~ bifzwv~bjw ~zi nr gc~xc~dvj gc`xdibjw c~ xznabg gc`xdibjw

baa nj ~jgc~fjf dif `dbivdbijf bi vmj wzn ecafj~ gdaajf Fjnv `cijr ecafj~ ce Gc~xc~dvj

Dggcziv Iz`nj~w -GDIw" ce vmcwj gc`xdibjw) Vmj vcvda `cijr bi daa @WDw! WWDw! GDIw! Ndik

dggczivw dif Ocuj~i`jiv dggczivw baa nj gciwvdiv vm~czomczv vmj rjd~ bvm d abvvaj ud~bdvbci

ce )84* njgdzwj ce `bibwgzaj xdxj~ gz~~jigr) Vmj vcvda acdiw#dfudigjw obuji nr daa Ndikw

-~jgc~fjf dw Fjnv `cijr bi Fjxv `cijr ecafj~w ce @WDw dif GDIw" wmczaf icv nj `c~j vmdi

6?)7?* -be G^^ 0 48*" ce vmj vcvda `cijr#abtzbf `cijr -`cijr mbgm bigazfjw ncvm ~jda

`cijr dif acdi cijr" bi daa @WDw! WWDw! GDIwdif Ndikw ci gdxbvda `cijr)

Vmj `cijr ecafj~ ceNdikw Dggcziv baa mduj bvw gdxbvda `cijr dif x~cebvw) Bv bw gdaajf

gdxbvda `cijr#eb}jf `cijr) Bv bw gdaajf dw eb}jf `cijr njgdzwj bv gdiicv nj obuji dw acdi dw~jda `cijr) Vmj ndikw gdxbvda `cijr baa nj zwjf vc xdr wdad~bjw dif vcd~fw cvmj~ cxj~dvbio


20/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`

Xajdwj ubwbv )ubldrdk~zwmidud~`d)gc` Xdoj >8

gcwvw ce vmdv ndik) Daa vmj acdiw obuji nr bv baa nj ~jgc~fjf bi dicvmj~ wzn ecafj~ gdaajf acdi

`cijr ecafj~) Bvw iz`j~bgda eboz~jw wmczaf nj bi ~jf gcacz~) Juj~r vb`j vmj ndik obujw acdiw!

vmj Ndikwgdxbvda `cijr#eb}jf `cijr wmczaf icv nj gmdiojf) Nzv vmj obuji acdi `cijr baa

nj dffjf vc vmj Ndikw acdi `cijr dggcziv bi acdi `cijr ecafj~) Gc~~jwxcifbioar vmj acdi

d`cziv baa nj dffjf vc vmj abtzbf `cijr dggcziv ce@WD c~ WWD c~ GDI! mc mdw vdkji vmdv

acdi! dif dv vmj wd`j vb`j vmj acdi d`cziv baa nj ~jgc~fjf bi vmj Fjnv `cijr ecafj~ ce vmj

wd`j @WD c~ WWD c~ GDI) _mji d acdi bw ~jxdbf! vmj x~bigbxaj d`cziv ce vmdv acdi baa oc bi vc

vmj acdi `cijr dggcziv ce vmdv Ndik dggcziv dif acdi d`cziv bi ~jf gcacz~ fjg~jdwjw nr vmj

~jxdbf acdi d`cziv) Nzv vmj bivj~jwv d`cziv ce vmdv acdi wmczaf nj g~jfbvjf vc vmj Ndikw

gdxbvda `cijr#eb}jf `cijr) Wb`bad~ar mjijuj~ d acdi bw ~jxdbf vm~czom dir @WD c~ GDI vmj

xdbf d`cziv baa nj fjg~jdwjf e~c` ncvm vmj abtzbf `cijr dggcziv dif fjnv `cijr dggcziv

ce vmj wd`j @WD c~ GDI) Xajdwj icvj vmdv mji Ndik-]" obujw acdiw! bvw gdxbvda `cijr#eb}jf

`cijr czaf icv gmdioj nzv big~jdwjw mji bivj~jwv ci acdiw xdbf vc bv! dif fjg~jdwjw mji

Ndik-]"w wdad~bjw dif cvmj~ cxj~dvbio gcwvw d~j xdbf) Ndikw wdad~bjw dif cvmj~~ziibio#cxj~dvbio gcwvw wmczaf nj xdbf e~c` vmj gdxbvda `cijr#eb}jf `cijr ce vmj Ndikw

Dggcziv) Wc vmj gdxbvda `cijr#eb}jf `cijr `bizw vmj bibvbda gdxbvda d~j Ndikw x~cebvw) Be vmj

gdxbvda`cijr#eb}jf `cijr bi vmj ndikw `cijr ecafj~ d~j ajww vmdi vmj Ndikw bibvbda gdxbvda

biujwv`jiv vmdv `jdiw vmj ndik bigz~~jf acwwjw)

Vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj` wzoojwvw G^^ -Gdwm ^jwj~uj ^dvbc" vc nj d~czif 48*) Vmj vcvda

acdiw#dfudigjw obuji nr d Ndik-]"! ~jgc~fjf bi vmj acdi `cijr ecafj~ ce Ndikw Dggcziv !

wmczaf icv nj `c~j vmdi 6?)7?* -be G^^ 0 48*" ce vmj vcvda `cijr wvc~jf bi daa @WDw! WWDw!

GDIw cxj~dvjf nr daa bvw n~digmjw! dif Ndik-]"w ci gdxbvda biujwv`jiv#abtzbf `cijr dif

x~cebvw -be dir") Vmj vcvda `cijr#abtzbf `cijr bi daa @WDw! WWDw dif GDIw biud~bdnar bigazfjw

vmj ~jda `cijr dif acdijf `cijr ojij~dvjf nr vmj Ndikw) Nzv vmj Ndikw gdxbvda`cijr#eb}jf `cijr bw xz~jar ~jda `cijr) Vmbw vcvda `cijr baa kjjx gmdiobio gcivbizczwar)

Wc vmj duj~doj vcvda `cijr ce daa dggczivw ec~ cij rjd~ ce daa n~digmjw ce vmdv xd~vbgzad~

Ndik-]" wmczaf nj vdkji bi vc dggcziv mbaj obubio acdiw) Vmbw juj~ gmdiobio duj~doj vcvda baa

nj dzvc`dvbgdaar dudbadnaj juj~r fdr nr gc`xzvj~ wcevd~j wrwvj` bvwjae) Dv vmj wd`j vb`j vmj

vcvda acdijf `cijr#dfudigjw ce daa vmj n~digmjw ceNdik-]" wmczaf icv j}gjjf ibij vb`jw vmj

udazj ce vmdv xd~vbgzad~ Ndik-]"w Gdxbvda `cijr#eb}jf `cijr) Dv ic vb`j vmj Ndik-]"w acdi

`cijr#dfudigjw bi vmj acdi `cijr ecafj~ wmczaf j}gjjf ibij vb`jw vmj ndik-]"w gdxbvda

`cijr#eb}jf `cijr! dif `c~j vmdi 6?)7?* ce vmj vcvda `cijr bi daa @WDw! WWDw dif GDIw

-cxj~dvjf nr bv" dif bvw ci gdxbvda `cijr#eb}jf cijr) Vmj vcvda acdiw#dfudigjw -~jgc~fjf bi

~jf gcacz~ bi acdi `cijr ecafj~w" obuji nr daa ndikw vm~czomczv vmj gcziv~r wmczaf nj jtzda vcdaa Fjnv `cijr#acdi `cijr vdkji nr bifbubfzdaw dif gc`xdibjw ~jgc~fjf bi Fjnv `cijr

ecafj~w ce @WDw dif GDIw) Vmj xcwwbnaj gdwm ~jwj~uj ~dvbcw dif gc~~jwxcifbio acdi ~dvbcw vc

vcvda `cijr d~j dw ecaacw) Be G^^ 0 :*! vmji acdi ~dvbc 0 6=)?4*) Be G^^ 0 5*! vmji acdi ~dvbc 0

6=)6:*) Be G^^ 0 ?*! vmji acdi ~dvbc 0 6=)42*) Be G^^ 0 =*! vmji vmj acdi ~dvbc 0 6?)2>*) Be G^^

0 2*! vmji acdi ~dvbc 0 6?)56*) Vmj `d}b`z` acdi#g~jfbv vmdv gdi nj ajiv dw acdi nr ndikw ci

vmj ~jda `cijr 488 baa nj 28 dif vmj vcvda `cijr bi gb~gzadvbci baa nj 428) Bv baa nj gdaajf dw

abtzbf `cijr) Bi cvmj~ c~fw mji G^^ 0 48*! vmji vmj vcvda g~jfbv vmdv gdi nj ojij~dvjf! ajiv

dif dffjf vc vmj ~jda `cijr baa nj 28* ce ~jda `cijr) Bv bw vmj wjae `cijrwzxxar ce ndikbio

wrwvj` wzoojwvjf nr vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj`)

Vmj vcvda gdxbvda `cijr#eb}jf `cijr ce daa ndikw bi vmj gcziv~r wmczaf nj dv ajdwv cijibivm ce vmj vcvda acdi `cijr ~jgc~fjf bi vmj fjnv `cijr ecafj~w ce daa @WDw! WWDw! GDIw! dif

cij ibivm ce vmj vcvda acdi `cijr ~jgc~fjf bi ~jfgcacz~ bi acdi `cijr ecafj~w ce daa Ndikw) Dw


21/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`


vmj ndikw x~cebvw big~jdwjw! vmj gdxbvda big~jdwjw) Vmj ndikw x~cebvw baa nj kici juj~r fdr!

juj~r mcz~ dif juj~r `bizvj juji vc d adr`di) Vmj `d}b`z` x~cebv d Ndik-]" bvm daa bvw

n~digmjw gdi dgmbjuj bi d ebidigbda rjd~ 0 -vmj duj~doj diizda wb`xaj bivj~jwv 7 * } 2 vb`jw ce

bvw gdxbvda `cijr" + ~jobwv~dvbci gmd~ojw Cxj~dvbio gcwv) Vmdv `jdiw! x~cebv 0 ->?* ce bvw

gdxbvda `cijr" + ~jobwv~dvbci gmd~ojw cxj~dvbio gcwv) Vmj `bib`z` x~cebv d Ndik-]" bvm daa

bvw n~digmjw gdi dgmbjuj bi d ebidigbda rjd~ 0 -wb`xaj bivj~jwv 7 * ] 8 )2 vb`jw ce bvw ci gdxbvda

`cijr mji ic ~jda `cijr bw dudbadnaj bi daa @WDw! WWDw dif GDIw cxj~dvjf nr bv" +

~jobwv~dvbci gmd~ojw Ndikw cxj~dvbio gcwv) Wc vmj x~cebvw fjxjif zxci vmj vcvda `cijr

dudbadnaj bi daa @WDw! WWDw! GDIw! vmj ndik cxj~dvjw! dif Ndikw ci gdxbvda `cijr) Vmbw bw vmj

wjae ~jozadvbio wrwvj` ce `cijr wzxxar bi vmj jgcic`r) Vmj Ndikw gdwm ~jwj~ujw! vc nj ajiv dw

acdiw! fjg~jdwjw be ~jda `cijr bi daa @WDw! WWDw dif GDIw cxj~dvjf nr bv fjg~jdwjw) Be vcvda

~jda `cijr bi daa @WDw! WWDw dif GDIw 0 X! G^^ 0 48*! diizda duj~doj wb`xaj bivj~jwv 0 7*!

cxj~dvbio gcwv ce ndikw 0 R dif vcvda ~jobwv~dvbci gmd~ojw ce daa b``cudnaj dif `cudnaj

x~cxj~vbjw 0 ]! vmji vmj vcvda x~cebvw xj~ diiz` ocv nr daa Ndikw bi vmj gcziv~r 0 [-XX#48" ]7#488P + ]R) Vmdv `jdiw vcvda x~cebvw 0 >?X#4888 + ] R) Vmdv b`xabjw x~cebvw 0 -8)8>?* ce X"

+ ] R) Vmjwj `d}b`z` x~cebvw baa mduj vc nj wmd~jf nr daa Ndik cxj~dvc~w bi vmj gcziv~r)

Jdgm Ndik cxj~dvc~w x~cebv baa fjxjif zx ci vmj ~jda `cijr dudbadnaj bi daa @WDw! WWDw dif

GDIw bv cxj~dvjw) Wc! vmj Ndik cxj~dvc~w baa ubj bvm cij dicvmj~ ec~ `c~j dggczivw nr

x~cubfbio x~c`xv dif tzdabvr wj~ubgjw vc bvw gzwvc`j~w) ^jda `cijr `jdiw vcvda abtzbf `cijr

`bizw vcvda acdi `cijr#fjnv`cijr obuji nr ndikw) Xajdwj wjj xdoj iz`nj~ 4= dif 42 ec~

xcwwbnaj cxj~dvbio gcwv ce vmj Ndikw dif vmjb~ x~cebvw ) Ndikw gdxbvda biujwv`jiv gdiicv nj

bvmf~di e~c` vmj ndik ziajww bv bw j}gjjfjf cij ibivm udazjw ce bvw vcvda acdiw obuji) Bi

cvmj~ c~fw! ciar vmj j}v~d `cijr! mbgm `jdiw x~cebvw! cuj~ vmj bibvbda gdxbvda biujwv`jiv! gdi

nj bvmf~di e~c` vmj Ndik nr bvw x~c`cvj~w) VCX Vd} wrwvj` jiwz~jw vmdv `cijr wzxxar fcjwicv ojv wvdoidvjf bi vmj ebidigbda wrwvj` dw j}gjww ~jwj~ujw njgdzwj ce vmjwj ecaacbio edgvc~w)

Vmj eb~wv cij bw vmj X~cebv Vd} mbgm gciwvdivar xz`xw `cijr ndgk bi vc vmj ebidigbda wrwvj`)

Vmj wjgcif cij bw vmj ab`bvjf xdxj~ gz~~jigr mbgm vcvdaar ~j`cujw nadgk `cijr! d wv~ciomcaf

ce wvdoidvjf dif mbnj~idvjf `cijr bi ~jgjwwbci xj~bcfw) Vmj vmb~f edgvc~ bw ac bivj~jwv ~dvjw

dif edwvj~ wdigvbcibio ce acdiw njgdzwj daa gc`xcijivw ce `cijr dif jdavm d~j ~jgc~fjf!

wvc~jf! `dbivdbijf dif zwjf bi vmj wd`j @WDw dif GDIw)

Juj~r rjd~! dffbvbcida ~jda`cijr jtzdaabio :>)57* ce vmj udazj ce vmj o~cvm bi vmj

OFX `bizw vmj udazj ce vmj o~cvm -be dir" bi vmj j}xc~vw mji gc`xd~jf vc adwv rjd~! wmczaf

nj dffjf vc vmj Ocuj~i`jiv dggcziv dv vmj vb`j nzfojv x~jwjivdvbci vc gmjgk fjeadvbci dif

~jgjwwbci) Vmj `dlc~ xc~vbci -:8*" ce vmbw dffjf `cijr wmczaf nj daacgdvjf vcd~fw xjiwbciwvc wjibc~ gbvb|jiw mc mduj ic c~ xdav~r bigc`jw) Vmj ~j`dbibio xc~vbci wmdaa nj daacgdvjf vc

jaed~j wgmj`jw! mjdavm gd~j wj~ubgjw! dif jfzgdvbci dif bie~dwv~zgvz~j wjgvc~w) Cigj vmbw ~jda

`cijr bw dffjf dif `j~ojf bi vmj gb~gzadvbio `cijr! vmj ~j`dbibio xc~vbci ce 6?)7?* ce vmj

udazj ce vmj o~cvm bi vmj OFX `bizw vmj udazj ce vmj o~cvm -be dir"! baa dawc nj ojij~dvjf

vm~czom acdiw dw fjnv `cijr#acdi `cijr nr vmj ndikw dif dffjf vc vmj gb~gzadvbio `cijr bi

vmj ebidigj wrwvj`) Vmj ndikw x~cebvw baa big~jdwj vm~czom bivj~jwvw ci vmbw dffbvbcida acdi

`cijr juj~r rjd~) VCX Vd} wrwvj` wzoojwvw vmdv vcvda abtzbf `cijr -~jda `cijr dif fjnv

`cijr#acdi `cijr" vc nj ijgjwwd~r ec~ gb~gzadvbci bi ndikw wmczaf nj dv vmj `bib`z` ajuja

4>8* dif dv `d}b`z` ajuja 4:8* ce vmj udazj ce OFX ce vmj gcziv~r) Dwwz`bio vmdv jdgm

gc``cfbvr#wj~ubgj bw gmdiojf mdifw vm~jj vb`jw bi vmj gciwz`j~! ~jvdbaj~! fjdaj~ dif`dizedgvz~j gmdbi! vmj grgajw ce vmj vcvda `cijr bi vmj gb~gzadvbci baa nj dv duj~doj vm~jj xj~

rjd~)


22/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`

Xajdwj ubwbv )ubldrdk~zwmidud~`d)gc` Xdoj >>

Vmj vcvda `cijr -abtzbf `cijr"! Fjnv @cijr#acdijf `cijr! wmd~jw#wvcgkw! `cudnaj

x~cxj~vbjw! dif b``cudnaj x~cxj~vbjw ce bifbubfzdaw c~ bifzwv~bjw baa nj wvc~jf! ~jgc~fjf!

`dbivdbijf dif v~diwec~`jf bi vmj wd`j dggczivw ce @WDw dif GDIw) Vmj `cudnaj dif

b``cudnaj x~cxj~vbjw gdi nj `c~vodojf dif v~diwec~`jf bi vc abtzbf `cijr ec~ xj~wcida!

nzwbijww c~ bifzwv~r xz~xcwj) Wbigj daa vmj `cijr! fjnvw! wmd~jw dif dwwjvw d~j ~jgc~fjf! abikjf

dif gcudajivar ncifjf vcojvmj~ zifj~ fbeej~jiv ecafj~w bi vmj wd`j @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv bi

vmj gdwj ce bifbubfzdaw dif bi vmj gc~xc~dvjdggcziv iz`nj~w bi vmj gdwj ce gc`xdibjw; vmj

x~cgjww ce acdi wdigvbci baa nj edwvj~ dif w`cvmj~) Vmj~j baa nj ic fjedzavw ci acdiw dif

icixj~ec~`bio dwwjvw gdaajf IXDw) Cigj vmj acdiw d~j ~jxdbf vmj dwwjvw baa nj ~jajdwjf e~c`

`c~vodoj biwvdivar) Vmj vcvda ~jda `cijr dif Fjnv `cijr#acdi `cijr! vmj ~jda dwwjvw dif

`c~vodojf dwwjvw ce di bifbubfzda c~ d gc`xdir gdi nj jdwbar fbwvbiozbwmdnaj) Bi vmj x~jwjiv

wrwvj` `cijr! wmd~jw! `cudnaj dif b``cudnaj x~cxj~vbjw d~j ~jgc~fjf dif `dbivdbijf nr

fbeej~jiv biwvbvzvbciw! fjxd~v`jivw dif dojigbjw) Acdi `cijr#dfudigjw d~j `dbivdbijf bi

wjxd~dvj dggczivw) Wc vmj ~jda `cijr dif acdijf `cijr#g~jfbv `cijr d~j `bioajf vcojvmj~njrcif ~jgcoibvbci dif icv jdwbar fbwvbiozbwmdnaj nr gz~wc~r wvzfr ce vmj dggczivw) Vmj

x~jwjiv wrwvj`w `zavbxaj ojij~dvbci ce `cijr wzxxar vm~czom acdiw ci acdiw bw dgvzdaar

fd~ebio vmj ~jda `cijr dif gdzwbio zigciv~caajf bieadvbci dif dggz`zadvbci ce `cijr bi d

ej xcgkjvw)

_mr vmj wzoojwvjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` wzoojwvw vcvda ~j`cuda ce

bivj~jwv ~dvjw ci fj`dif fjxcwbvw dif eb}jf fjxcwbvw3Dir v~zar fj`cg~dvbg Ocuj~i`jiv wmczaf jiwz~j vmdv jdavm eacw

e~c` vmj ~bgm vc vmj xcc~) Nzv ziec~vzidvjar vmj biuj~wj bw mdxxjibio bi vmj x~jwjiv wrwvj`)

@cijr mdw njji gciwvdivar v~diwej~~bio e~c` vmj mdujicvw vc vmj mdujw bi vmj ec~` ce

bivj~jwv ~dvjw ci fj`dif fjxcwbvw dif eb}jf fjxcwbvw) Vmj ~bgm d~j njgc`bio ~bgmj~ nr dv

ajdwv =* juj~r rjd~ dif vmj xcc~ d~j ojvvbio xcc~j~ juj~r rjd~! nr xdrbio bivj~jwv bifb~jgvar

ci fj`dif#eb}jf fjxcwbvw ce vmj ~bgm mbaj nzrbio jwwjivbda gc``cfbvbjw#wj~ubgjw! dif

fb~jgvar xdrbio vm~czom mbom bivj~jwvw ci vmj acdiw vdkji nr vmj`) Vmj ndikw d~j xdrbio mzoj

d`czivw dw bivj~jwvw vc vmj ~bgm nr j}v~dgvbio fb~jgvar e~c` vmj xcc~ vm~czom mbom bivj~jwv

~dvjw ci vmj acdiw obuji vc vmj` dif bifb~jgvar vm~czom bivj~jwvw ci acdiw obuji vc ~bgm

bifzwv~bdabwvw dw vmj bifzwv~bdabwvw jujivzdaar xdww ci vmj bivj~jwv nz~fji vc vmj gciwz`j~w nr

jimdigbio vmj x~bgjw ce gc``cfbvbjw#wj~ubgjw) Vmj `dlc~bvr ce vmj xjcxaj mduj vc c~k j}v~d

md~f icv ciar vc jd~i ec~ vmj`wjaujw nzv dawc vc xdr vmj bivj~jwv ci vmj fjxcwbvw ce vmj ~bgm!

davmczom bifb~jgvar! nr nzrbio bivj~jwv gc`xcijiv bigazfjf gc``cfbvbjw#wj~ubgjw dv mbomj~

x~bgjw) Vmj mdujicvw d~j xdrbio vmj jivb~j bivj~jwv d`czivw ci fjxcwbvw dif wdubiow jbvmj~fb~jgvar c~ bifb~jgvar nr fjedzav) Biwvjdf ce zwbio `cijr dw `jfbz` ec~ v~diwej~ ce

gc``cfbvbjw c~ wj~ubgjw njvjji xjcxaj! vmj `cijr bvwjae bw njbio zwjf dw di dwwjv vc

ojij~dvj bigc`jw vm~czom bivj~jwvw) Vmj dggz`zadvbci dif wvdgkbio ce `cijr nr di

bifbubfzda bw ojij~dvbio `cijr ec~ x~cojir ojij~dvbci devj~ ojij~dvbci) Vmj ojij~dvbci ce

`cijr ci wvc~jf `cijr bw icvmbio nzv d fjfzgvbci ce `cijr e~c` md~f jd~ibio c~kbio

gadww) Vmbw xd~dwbvbg xcabgr ce vmj ~bgm! ejjfbio ci vmj xcc~ nr wdxxbio daa vmjb~ jij~or vc vmj

wzxj~idgzaz`! baa nj jifjf bvm vmj dfcxvbci dif b`xaj`jivdvbci ce VCX Vd} wrwvj`) VCX

Vd} wrwvj` baa jiwz~j vmdv `cijr baa nj xz~jar zwjf dw `jfbz` ec~ v~diwej~ ce

gc``cfbvbjw c~ wj~ubgjw d`cio xjcxaj)

Mjigj vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj` wzoojwvw vcvda ~j`cuda ce bivj~jwvw ci eb}jffjxcwbvw dif fj`dif fjxcwbvw) Vmj ~bgm baa mduj vc wxjif j}dgvar vmj d`cziv vmjr jd~i c~


23/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`


wduj dif icv d xjiir `c~j ocv nr ub~vzj ce bivj~jwv) Nzv dv vmj wd`j vb`j vmj ~bgm baa mduj

o~jdvj~ njijebvw bi vmj VCX Vd} wrwvj`) Vmjr ijjf icv xdr Bigc`j vd} dv daa) Vmjr gdi wxjif

mdvjuj~ `cijr vmjr jd~i bvmczv ncvmj~bio dnczv dggczivbio! dzfbvbio dif bigc`j vd}

~jvz~iw) Vmj vcvda `cijr! wdujf e~c` bigc`j vd} ci jivb~j jd~ibiow#wdubiow fz~bio vmjb~ abej

vb`j! baa nj `c~j vmdi vmj bivj~jwv acwv ci vmjb~ fjxcwbvw) @c~j b`xc~vdivar vmj xcc~ baa ojv

`cijr dv ac bivj~jwv ~dvjw ->* xj~ diiz`") Vmjr baa mduj vmjb~ ci mc`jw dif vmjr baa

ojv jwwjivbda gc``cfbvbjw dv `zgm gmjdxj~ x~bgjw vmdi vcfdr)

X~jwjivar! `dlc~ wmd~j ce ~jujizjw ce ncvm Gjiv~j dif Wvdvjw bw njbio ocnnajf zx

nr vmj mzoj nz~fji gcwv ce bivj~jwv xdr`jivw ci bivj~ida nc~~cbiow) Vmj mzoj d`czivw

wdujf ci bivj~jwv xdr`jivw nr vmj Gjiv~da dif Wvdvj ocuj~i`jivw ci bivj~ida nc~~cbiow

gdi nj zvbabwjf vc x~cubfj e~jj mjdavm gd~j wj~ubgjw dif tzdabvr jfzgdvbci vc daa xjcxaj ce vmj

gcziv~r) Bv bw v~zj vmdv wc`j ce vmj wjibc~ gbvb|jiw ~jar wcajar ci `civmar bivj~jwv xdr`jivw

ci vmjb~ abej vb`j wdubiow) Mjigj bv bw dnwcazvjar b`xj~dvbuj vmdv vmj `dlc~ xc~vbci ce vmj

wdujf bivj~jwv ci bivj~ida nc~~cbiow nr vmj Gjiv~j dif Wvdvjw dif vmj wdujf vd} gcaajgvbcij}xjifbvz~j gcwv wmczaf nj obuji vc daa wjibc~ gbvb|jiw -bvm ic c~ xdav~r bigc`jw" dncuj vmj

doj ce 5: rjd~w dw xjiwbci juj~r `civm)

Daa vmj x~jwjiv fdr gmbv ezif gc`xdibjw! ebidigbda biwvbvzvbciw baa mduj vc gmdioj vmjb~

cxj~dvbciw dif wj~ubgjw dif v~diwec~` bivc ndikbio wj~ubgj gjiv~jw) VCX Vd} wrwvj` ~jtzb~jw

:! 88!888 ndikbio wj~ubgj gjiv~jw -wjj xdoj iz`nj~ 45") Vmj acww ce j`xacr`jiv bi vmj vd}

gcaajgvbci fjxd~v`jivw dif XFW baa nj gc`xjiwdvjf nr `dibecaf j`xacr`jiv ojij~dvbci

vm~czom ad~oj iz`nj~ ce ndikbio wj~ubgj gjiv~jw! mzojar j}xdifjf mjdavm gd~j! jfzgdvbci!

bie~dwv~zgvz~j! do~c! b~~bodvbci dif cvmj~ wjgvc~w) Wjj xdoj 45 vc 42) Vmj `dlc~ wmd~j ce

~jujizjw vmdv bw njbio wxjiv ci bivj~jwv xdr`jivw ci bivj~ida nc~~cbiow! vd} gcaajgvbci! cuj~

wb|jf Ocuj~i`jiv `dgmbij~r dif XFW! -mbgm fcjw icv x~cxja jgcic`bg dgvbubvr dif g~jdvjbie~dwv~zgvz~j dif dwwjvw"! baa nj njvvj~ zvbabwjf ci bie~dwv~zgvz~j x~cljgvw! mjdavm gd~j wj~ubgjw!

jfzgdvbci! b~~bodvbci! do~bgzavz~j dif cvmj~ wjgvc~w vc bifzgj mzoj fjujacx`jiv! j`xacr`jiv

ojij~dvbci! dif daa~czif fjujacx`jiv ce bifbubfzdaw dif gcziv~r dw d mcaj) Vmjwj mzoj

biujwv`jivw ci bie~dwv~zgvz~j baa ez~vmj~ dggjaj~dvj jgcic`bg o~cvm mj~j `c~j vd}

~jujizjw d~j ejdwbnaj vc x~cubfj daa ndwbg ijjfw ce xjcxaj) D gcziv~r mbgm dfcxvw dif

b`xaj`jivw vmbw VCX Vd} wrwvj` -D ij vd}dvbci wrwvj`" baa nj ci ~bomv v~dgk dv edwvj~ o~cvm

~dvj bi ic vb`j) Vmbw baa ~jfzgj cuj~ fjxjifjigj ci j}vj~ida nc~~cbiow dv mbom bivj~jwv ~dvj

zifj~ dfuj~wj vj~`w dif gcifbvbciw)

Vcx Vd} wrwvj` ~ziw ci ab`bvjf xdxj~ gz~~jigr dif fj`dvj~bdabwjf `cijr

VCX Vd} wrwvj` vmdv ~ziw ci ab`bvjf xdxj~ gz~~jigr dif fj`dvj~bdabwjf `cijr baamduj ebuj fbwvbigv dfudivdojw cuj~ x~jwjiv wrwvj` mbgm ~ziw ci mzoj xdxj~ gz~~jigr)

4) Ab`bvjf xdxj~ gz~~jigr dv d ac fjic`bidvbci udazj baa jiwz~j vmj vcvda j}vbigvbci ce edkj

gz~~jigr)

>) Nadgk `cijr baa dawc `jjv vmj wd`j edvj dw xjcxaj baa nj ec~gjf vc v~diwej~ `cijr e~c`

cij dggcziv vc dicvmj~ dggcziv vm~czom gmjtzj! fjnbv gd~f c~ ciabij v~diwej~w ec~ daa

v~diwdgvbciw ec~ xj~wcida c~ nzwbijww xz~xcwj)

7) ^diwc`w! j}vc~vbciw! n~bnjw! ~cnnj~bjw dif daa baajoda dgvbubvbjw baa gc`j vc di jif dw mzoj

j}gmdioj ce gz~~jigr dv mbom fjic`bidvbci udazjw baa icv nj xcwwbnaj njgdzwj juj~r

bifbubfzdaw jd~ibiow c~ wdubiow baa nj bi `dvj~bdabwjf ec~` bi mbw#mj~ @WD c~ WWDw)

6) Vmj~j baa nj ic wgcxj ec~ j}gmdioj ce `cijr bi xmrwbgda ec~`) Daa `cijr v~diwej~w baa njdggczivjf dif vmbw jab`bidvjw vd} judwbci) Juj~r dggcziv baa nj di biucazivd~r vd}xdrbio


24/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`


dggcziv) Vmzw vd} gcaajgvbci dif vd} gc`xabdigj baa biud~bdnar njgc`j cij dif wd`j) Vmj~j

baa nj ic vd} gcaajgvbci gcwv ec~ Ocuj~i`jiv dif vd} gc`xabdigj gcwv ec~ gbvb|jiw)

:) Zifj~ x~jwjiv vd} wrwvj` be ad~oj iz`nj~ ce xj~wciw divw vc gdigja vmjb~ fjxcwbvw dif

bvmf~d vmjb~ `cijr e~c` ndikw dv cigj ec~ cij ~jdwci c~ cvmj~! vmj `cijr dudbadnaj bvm

vmj ndikw baa icv nj wzeebgbjiv vc fbwnz~wj vc daa xj~wciw dv cigj gdzwbio xdibg dif gmdcw) Nzv

zifj~ VCX vd} wrwvj` vmj dncuj wgjid~bc baa ijuj~ cggz~ zifj~ dir gb~gz`wvdigjw njgdzwj

dir xj~wci gdi nj daacjf vc bvmf~dbio ciar d `d}b`z` ce :!888 xj~ `civm e~c` mbw @dbi

Wdubiow Dggcziv -@WD"! dif mdvjuj~ `cijr dudbadnaj bi daa mbw Wzn Wdubiow Dggczivw baa mduj

vc nj v~diwej~~jf e~c` vmcwj dggczivw vm~czom gmjtzj! fjnbv gd~fw c~ ijv ndikbio vc cvmj~

xj~wciw dggcziv mbaj nzrbio wmd~jw! adifw! eadvw! xacvw! dir gc``cfbvr! occfw! wj~ubgj c~

dirvmbio jawj c~ bi gdwj be mj divw vc ajif `cijr vc cvmj~ xj~wciw) Mj#wmj gdi v~diwej~ daa

mbw#mj~ `cijr e~c` mbw#mj~ xd~vbgzad~ @WD c~ WWD vc dicvmj~ WWDw ce mbw#mj~ ci dggcziv nr

acwbio 6* Vcx vd} bi vmbw x~cgjww

Zifj~ x~cxcwjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` jdgm xj~wci baa nj daacjf vc bvmf~d d `d}b`z` ce ^w):888 xj~ `civm e~c` wdubiow c~ jd~ibiow bi mbw#mj~ @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv ciar)

Vmj `civmar gdwm bvmf~dda ab`bv ec~ jdgm gbvb|ji gdi nj gdagzadvjf dw ecaacw; Vmj udazj ce

vmj [OFX udazj ce vmdv gcziv~r -j}xc~vw b`xc~vw"P fbubfjf nr 75:) Xajdwj icv vmdv jdgm

gbvb|ji dncuj doj ce 4: rjd~w baa mduj ciar cij @dbi Wdubiow Dggcziv -@WD") Vmj `civmar

bvmf~dda ab`bv -gdwm bi xmrwbgda ec~`" baa ud~r e~c` gcziv~r vc gcziv~r)

Vmbw vdnaj wmcw vmj wzoojwvjf `civmar bvmf~dda ab`bvw ec~ Bifbd)

OFX >88248 NJ

bi g~c~jw

Vcvda

xcxzadvbci

ce gcziv~r

Dxx~c}b`dvj) Ic ce

@WDw cuj~4:rjd~w")

Bi g~c~jw

Xj~ gdxbvd bigc`j#

@WD#diiz`

Bi ^w)

Xj~ gdxbvd

bigc`j bi ^w)

#@WD#`civm:=!:5!:52 445 g~c~jw 488 :=!:5: 6==8

Vmj `civmar bvmf~dda ab`bv ce ^w) :888 gdi nj big~jdwjf dv nzfojv vb`j fjxjifbio zxci

vmj OFX udazj)

Zifj~ x~cxcwjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` gz~~jigr bi >8! 48! : dif > ~zxjj icvjw ijjfjf vc nj xzv bi

gb~gzadvbci baa nj dxx~c}b`dvjar udazjf dv ^w) >8!888g~c~jw) Njwbfjw vmjwj gz~~jigr icvjw 4!

>! : ~zxjj gcbiw baa dawc nj bi gb~gzadvbci dw bi x~jwjiv wrwvj`)

Vmj ab`bvjf xdxj~ gz~~jigr vmdv ijjfw vc nj xzv bi gb~gzadvbci `dr ud~r e~c` gcziv~r vc

gcziv~r fjxjifbio zxci OFX udazj ce vmdv gcziv~r)

Vmj udazj ce vmj ab`bvjf xdxj~ gz~~jigr wmczaf nj jtzda vc vmj udazj ce vmj [OFX ce vmdv

gcziv~r -j}xc~vw b`xc~vw"P fbubfjf nr 75:) -Be OFX 0 x~budvj gciwz`xvbci + o~cww

biujwv`jiv +ocuj~i`jiv wxjifbio + J}xc~vw b`xc~vw"

Bi g~c~jw

OFX >88248

NJ bi g~c~jw

Do~bgzavz~j

wjgvc~ 4?*

Wj~ubgj wjgvc~

::)7*

Bifzwv~bda

wjgvc~ >?)?*

OFX xj~ fdr

:=!:5!:52 2!2:!545 7>!7=!5=> 45!>>!>52 4586:

Wcz~gj< ebi`bi)ibg)bi

Czv ce vcvda OFX udazj ce ^w)4586:g~c~jw xj~ fdr di duj~doj 78* udazj ce OFX

-:888g~c~jw" xj~ fdr baa nj nczomv nr gdwm dv eb~wv wvdoj) @cwv x~cndnar vmj ~j`dbibio wjgcif

dif vmb~f wvdojw dif `cwv x~cndnar ?8* ce OFX -duj~doj vm~jj wvdojw" baa nj v~diwdgvjf


25/46


VCX Vd} wrwvj`

Xajdwj ubwbv )ubldrdk~zwmidud~`d)gc` Xdoj >:

vm~czom gmjtzj! fjnbv gd~f c~ ciabij gdwm v~diwej~w) Zifj~ x~cxcwjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` mcafbio

dif gd~~rbio ce gdwm ce `c~j vmdi ^w) 78!888 cuj~ acio fbwvdigjw ijjf vc nj ndiijf) ^jvdbaj~w!

xjvvr wmcx cij~w dif cvmj~ nzwbijww`ji wmczaf fjxcwbv vmjb~ wdaj x~cgjjfw ~jgjbujf bi gdwm

bi vmj ijd~jwv ndikw juj~r fdr) Vmj~jec~j `cwv ce vmj gz~~jigr wmdaa nj gb~gzadvjf acgdaar)

>88?8= eboz~jw Wcz~gj< ~nb)c~o)bi ~zxjjw g~c~jw

^w)>8 ^w)48 ^w): ^w)> gcbiw Vcvda

udazj^w): ^w)> ^w)4

648= 2777 >444 575 7>62 428? >>46 >7::=

Vmj dncuj udazjf gz~~jigr -gcbiw dif icvjw" x~jwjivar bi gb~gzadvbci baa `cwv x~cndnar nj

wzeebgbjiv ec~ vmj x~cxcwjf VCX Vd} wrwvj` bi vmj gdwj ce Bifbd)

Vmj xdxj~ `cijr ijjfjf vc nj xzv bi gb~gzadvbci0 vmj udazj ce OFX ] 48* ce wadn ~dvj -6*"

fbubfjf nr 4880 udazj ce OFX ] 8)6 #488) Xdxj~ `cijr baa nj gb~gzadvjf bi ac ucaz`jw ciar dv

x~b`d~r ajuja bi vmj `dizedgvz~j~! fjdaj~! dif ~jvdbaj~ dif gciwz`j~ gmdbi)

Vmj cuj~daa xcwwbnaj gc`xcijiv ce VCX Vd} ci occfw#wj~ubgjw bw wmci bi vmj ecaacbio

vdnajw) Vmj xcwwbnaj VCX Vd} ci `cijr eacw bi gciwz`j~! ~jvdbaj~! fjdaj~! `dizedgvz~j~

gmdbi)Vdnaj Ic)4< VCX Vd} ci Mbom udazjf Occfw#Wj~ubgjw -@jfbz` dif Mjdur" bifzwv~bjw

Wvdoj ce

wzxxar gmdbi

-`cijreac"

E~c` Gciwz`j~ vc

Fjdaj~-x~bgj"

-gmjtzj#fjnbv

gd~f#ijv v~diwej~

Gciwz`j~

^jvdbaj~-gc``bwwbci"

E~c` Fjdaj~ vc

@dizedgvz~j~-gmjtzj#fjnbv

gd~f#ijv v~diwej~"

E~c`

@dizedgvz~j~ vc

^d `dvj~bdaw!

@di xcj~jvg!-gmjtzj#fjnbv

gd~f#ijv v~diwej~"

VCX Vd}04&