PROPERTIES OF ACIDS AND BASESCh 8.3
True False Statement True False
Acids produce hydronium, and bases produce hydroxide
Acids turn red litmus paper blue, while bases turn blue litmus paper
redBases and acids can react with
metal
Acids have a bitter taste, while bases have a sour taste
Flowers can be an indicator for acids or bases
ACIDS A compound that produces hydronium (H30+)
ions when dissolved in water
ACIDIC PROPERTIES Sour Taste
Lemons, grapefruit, oranges
Citric acid, acetic acid
NEVER use taste to determine if a substance is an acid
Reacts with Metal Single displacement Spaghetti and Al foil
Turns dark, creates holes, food may taste metallic
ACIDS PROPERTIES Color Change in
Indicators Litmus paper
Reacts to acids or bases
Blue litmus turns Red
BASES A compound that produces hydroxide (OH-)
ions when dissolved in water
Opposite of acids, except can react with metals
PROPERTIES OF BASES Bitter Taste
Natural chocolate Soap, medicine
Slippery Feel Soap Household cleaners
PROPERTIES OF BASES Color Change in
Indicator Red litmus paper
turns Blue Flowers=natural
indicator Acidic soil= blue Basic soil=pink
ACIDIC OR BASIC?
NEUTRALIZATION Reaction between
an acid and base - ions in acids
combine with the + ions in bases to produce salt
H30+ from acid reacts with OH- from base to produce H2O
Examples: Table salt Baking soda
PROTON DONORS AND ACCEPTORS Acids lose/donate
protons Acids=proton donors
Bases accept protons
Bases=proton acceptors
•Substances can now be acidic or basic•Water- was neither, now can be both
1st acts as base, 2nd acts as acid
book pg 245
STRENGTH OF ACIDS AND BASESCh. 8.4
True False Statement True False
pH stands for properties of hydrogen
The pH scale is numbered 1-14, in which 1-6 is basic, 7 neutral, and 8-
14 acidicStrong acids and bases
ionize/dissociate almost completely in water
Weak acids and bases only ionize/dissociate slightly in water
Electrolytes ionize/dissociate completely and can be energy
drinks or a battery
PH SCALE Scale 0-14 Describes concentration/% of hydronium ions
in a solution 0-6 = acidic – higher H3O concentration 7 = neutral 8-14 = basic – higher OH- concentration
STRONG
When dissolved in water, they ionize almost completely
HCl, H2SO4 Lower pH
When dissolved in water, they dissociate almost completely
Sodium hydroxide, Potassium hydroxide
Higher pH
Acids Bases
WEAK
Ionize only slightly in water
Higher pH
Dissociate only slightly in water
Lower pH
Acids Bases
BUFFERS Solution resistant to large changes in pH Made from weak acids and bases
Mixing with the acid or bases salt pH remains relatively constant
ELECTROLYTES Substance that ionizes or dissociates into
ions when dissolved in water Resulting solution can conduct electric current Help restore balance of ions in your body
Strong or weak Similar to strong or weak acids/bases
Can be batteries, or fuel cells
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