Progressive Era Reform II
• Prohibition
• Workers in the Progressive Era
• Adjusting to Industrial Labor
• Union Organizing and Radical Labor
• City and State Reform
• Federal Government Reform
Women’s Christian Temperance Union
Coney Island
Coney Island
Prohibition
• The Volstead Act: 18th Amendment ratified and went into effect 1919.
• Prohibited the sale and possession of alcoholic beverages.
Scientific Management
• Taylorism: Named after Frederick Taylor
• Time/motion studies: Ways to make the modern industrial worker more effective.
Organized Labor in Progressive Era
Organized Labor in Progressive Era
• American Federation of Labor still the dominant labor union
Organized Labor in Progressive Era
• American Federation of Labor still the dominant labor union
• Lost power due to counterattack by industrialists
Organized Labor in Progressive Era
• American Federation of Labor still the dominant labor union
• Lost power due to counterattack by industrialists
• National Association of Manufacturers
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
• Started with deplorable working conditions in NYC garment district
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
• Started with deplorable working conditions in NYC garment district
• Led to Strike by ILGWU and WTUL
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
• Started with deplorable working conditions in NYC garment district
• Led to Strike by ILGWU and WTUL
• Fire broke out in Triangle Shirtwaist Co. in Manhattan- fire escape doors were chained shut!
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
• Started with deplorable working conditions in NYC garment district
• Led to Strike by ILGWU and WTUL
• Fire broke out in Triangle Shirtwaist Co. in Manhattan- fire escape doors were chained shut!
• More than 140 young women died.
Triangle Headline
Triangle Fire
Dead victims
“Radical” Labor
“Radical” Labor
• International Workers of the World - IWW
“Radical” Labor
• International Workers of the World - IWW
• Welcomed all workers
“Radical” Labor
• International Workers of the World - IWW
• Welcomed all workers
• Leaders: Daniel de Leon; Eugene Debs; Mother Jones; Bill Heywood
“Radical” Labor
• International Workers of the World - IWW
• Welcomed all workers
• Leaders: Daniel de Leon; Eugene Debs; Mother Jones; Bill Heywood
• Purpose: To emancipate the worker from the bonds of capitalism
Progressive City Reform
Progressive City Reform
• City Manager Form of government: mangement by a council of experts
Progressive City Reform
• City Manager Form of government: management by a council of experts
• Regulation of public utilities
Progressive City Reform
• City Manager Form of government: mangement by a council of experts
• Regulation of public utilities
• “City Beautiful” campaigns
Penn Station
State Reform
• Making Government more “democratic”
State Reform
• Making Government more “democratic”
• Initiative: Letting voters put laws on ballot
State Reform
• Making Government more “democratic”
• Initiative: Letting voters put laws on ballot
• Referendum: Letting voters vote on new laws
State Reform
• Making Government more “democratic”
• Initiative: Letting voters put laws on ballot
• Referendum: Letting voters vote on new laws
• Recall: Special election to vote official out of office
State Reform
• Making Government more “democratic”
• Initiative: Letting voters put laws on ballot
• Referendum: Letting voters vote on new laws
• Recall: Special election to vote official out of office
• Direct Primary: Let party voters choose the party candidate for office.
Federal Government Reform
• Primary elections
Federal Government Reform
• Primary elections
• Direct Election of Senators
Federal Government Reform
• Primary elections
• Direct Election of Senators
• 17th Amendment ratified and took effect 1913
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