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PREVENTING WORKPLACE ACCIDENTS:A How-to Approach
Provided by : Jaeger & Flynn Assoc., Inc.
2008, 2010 Zywave, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Good loss control blends both the theoretical potential forloss reduction, and the practical application of loss control
techniques with the customers corporate culture, operations
and future plans in mind.
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Program Objectives
Learn how to place safety next to production atthe top of the priority list.
Evaluate the impact of corporate/safety culture
on safety program effectiveness. Identify the elements of an effective safety
program.
Develop a list of ideas for improving your
companys safety program. Identify a strategy for selling change and
getting more support for the safety effort.
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Take safety out of the back room and
put it in the boardroom.
Safety as a Priority
To make safety a top priority in your company,
you must
Remove subjectivityUse objective tools to quantify
savings when implementing a safety program. Make safety an enterprise value, not just a cost center.
Compete successfully for limited budget dollars.
Change employee health and safety from reactive to
proactive.
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Safety as a Priority
Safety Professional/Facilitator Skills:
People-oriented skills
Management and business skills
Language skills
Flexibility for change
Improved technical skills
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Safety as a Priority
Past Business Model:
Hierarchy
Equates capital with powerNational boundaries restrictbusiness initiatives andrelationships
Focus tasks aroundindividual
Present Business Model:
Flatters organization
Equates knowledge withpower
Global marketplace
Focus tasks around team
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Safety as a PriorityInjury Statistics
According to OSHA
On the downside:
75% of OSHA citations classified as serious, repeat, or willful.
50 workers are injured every minute.
14 workers die each day. 4.2 million nonfatal injuries and illnesses reported in 2008.
On the up side, with increased safety prevention programs:
Fatality statistics reduced by 50% since 1970.
Injury and illness rates reduced by 40% while employmentdoubled (56/111 million), and the number of worksites hasdoubled (3.5/7 million).
Overall fatal work injury rate was lower in 2009 than the ratefor any year since the fatality census in 1992.
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Safety as a PriorityOSHAGeneral Duty Clause
Each employer: Shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a
place of employment which are free from recognized hazardsthat are causing or are likely to cause death or seriousphysical harm to his employees;
Shall comply with occupational safety and health standardspromulgated under this Act.
Each Employee:
Shall comply with occupational safety and health standardsand all rules, regulations, and orders issued pursuant to thisAct which are applicable to his own actions and conduct.
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Safety as a PriorityOSHA Multi-EmployerCitation Policy
On multi-employer worksites(in all industry sectors):
More than one employer may becited for a hazardous condition that
violates an OSHA standard. A two-step process must be followed indetermining whether more than oneemployer is to be cited.
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Safety as a PriorityInjury Statistics
Time to Reflect
What are your companys injury stats?
How many people in your company know yourinjury stats?
Do you have improvement goals?
How many know what your goals are?
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Safety Culture
Why prevent workplace accidents?
The Heinrich Accident Model of 1931 Accidents are similar to a set of dominoes in which one action initiated a
sequence of actions. The falling dominoes represent the failure to
prepare for and prevent accidents and those that remain standing do soonly because of default.
Heinrich explained that the dominoes would eventually fall because theyare a consequence of one specific event. In this case, the consequence isnot creating a safety culture designed to prevent accidents.
DuPont Accident Theory
Accidents are preventable when the responsibility for actions areassigned to a specific individual or group and that entity is madeaccountable for his/her/their actions.
Accident losses and costs can be reduced if someone is madeaccountable.
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Safety Culture
Traditional Approach: Engineering
Education
Enforcement
Comprehensive Approach: Awareness through education
Compliance through enforcement
Engineering
Creating a safety culture
Safety management
Behavior modification
Safety Enforcement Example:
Require employees to wear safety
goggles while doing all tasks on
the plant floor.
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Elements of a Safety Program
Critique your currentprecautions by gradingpreventative measures
from A through F. Conduct a safety audit
of all preventativemeasures and see how
they measure up tocurrent OSHA safetyrecommendations.
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Elements of a Safety Program
Simmons Method:
Calculate a representative number of incidents for:
Dispensary cases only Medical Treatment
Lost Time
Determine the average for each incident type.
Use this average (for the case type) to determineuninsured costs.
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Elements of a Safety Program
$175,603ESTIMATED ANNUAL PREMIUM
$210Expense Constant
($16,503)Estimated Premium Discount
$191,896Estimated Standard Premium (Based on 1.16 Exp Mod)
$165,428Estimated Manual Premium
$2,0000.25$800,000Clerical8810
$9,0485.17$175.00Drivers7380
$154,3804.98$3,100,000Cabinet Workers2812
PREMIUMRATEPAYROLLCLASSIFICATIONCODE
TYPE OF INSURANCECompensation Benefits
Employers LiabilityBodily Injury By Accident Each AccidentBodily Injury By Disease Policy LimitBodily Injury By Disease Each Employee
LIMITStatutory
$100,000$500,000$100,000
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Elements of a Safety Program
Loss Sensitivity AnalysisMEDICAL &
INDEMNITY CLAIMSMEDICAL ONLY CLAIMS
A B C D E
ACTUALINCURRED
LOSS
3 YR.PREMIUM
ACTUAL INCURREDLOSS, LESS 70%
3 YR.PREMIUM
COST
SAVINGSColumn B less
Column D
$500 $1,135 $500 x .70 = $150 $378 ($757)
$1,000 $2,334$1,000 x .70 =
$300$693 ($1,641)
$2,000 $4,605$2,000 x .70 =
$600$1,389 ($3,216)
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Elements of a Safety Program
Workers Compensation Pricing Programs:
Guaranteed Cost Flat/Level Dividend Sliding Scale/Variable
Dividend Retrospective (Retro)
Plan Self-Insured Deductibles
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Elements of a Safety Program
OSHAs Draft Proposed Rule: 29 CFR 1900.1
The purpose of this rule is to reduce the number of job-related fatalities, illnesses and injuries. The rule willaccomplish this by requiring employers to establish aworkplace safety and health program to ensure compliancewith OSHA standards and the General Duty Clause of the Act(Section 5(a)(1)).
This rule applies to hazards covered by the General DutyClause and by OSHA standards.
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Ideas for Improvement
Develop a list of ideas for improving your companyssafety effort.
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Selling Strategies
Identify a strategy for selling change internally andgetting more support for the safety effort.
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