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Expanding Internet Access toRural Communities in Indonesia
through RT/RW-net
Muhammad Anif1, Kurnianingsih1, Benny Benyamin Nasution2
1 Electrical Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Semarang2 Electrical Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Medan
At
The 5th International Seminar
Trends in School and Higher Education: Problems,
Prospects, and Technologies
Friday, May 21st 2010 Politeknik Negeri Medan
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OutlineInternet in Indonesia
Current situation:
Uneven distribution
Problems in:
Rural areas
Solution:
RT/RW-net
-What is RT/RW-net?
-Why?
Issues:
-Technical Issues
-Sustainability
Future research:
-Auto Handover
-Voice
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Internet Users in the Worldby Geographic Regions - 2009
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Percentage of Internet Users in the Worldby Geographic Regions - 2009
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Internet in Asia 2009Top 10 Countries
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InternetPenetration in Asia 2009Top 10 Countries
Countr esnternet Users
(m ons)
Populat on
(m llions)Penetration
China 384,0 1338,6 28,7%
Japan 96,0 127,0 75,6%
ndia 81,0 1156,9 7,0%
Sou h Korea 37,5 48,5 77,3%
ndonesia 30,0 240,3 12,5%
Philiphines 24,0 97,9 24,5%
Vie na 22,8 88,5 25,8%
Pakis an 18,5 174,6 10,6%
Malaysia 16,9 25,7 65,8%hailand 16,1 65,9 24,4%
Hongkong 4,9 7,1 69,1%
Singapore 3,4 4,7 72,4%
Brunei D. 0,2 0,4 55,9%
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InternetPenetration in Asia 2009Top 10 Countries
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Internet Users in Indonesia1998 - 2009
0,5 1
1,9
4,2 4,5
8
11,2
16
20
2527
30
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Year
illi
f
er
Sources: j or.id & internetworldst ts.com
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Internet Users in IndonesiaUrban v.s. Rural (2005)
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Distribution ofPopulationUrban v.s. Rural (2000)
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Problemsin Rural Areas
Far from the city
No net ork infrastructure
Lack of a areness
High cost
Poor background
Lo education
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Number ofPoorPeople in IndonesiaUrban v.s. Rural (1996 2008)
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Solutionsfor expanding internet access to rural communities
Improvement of living standards
Build net ork infrastructure
Make Internet cost affordable
RT/RW-net
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RT-RW-netHistory
1992-1994
First Internet
usage in
Indonesia
1996
term
RT/RW-net
first used
2000
Implementation
of RT/RW-net
seriously
2005
2.4 GHz
frequency
band
unlicensed
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RT-RW-netMain Concept
To connect bet een computers in an ad acent
area
Costs borne by all parties involved
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RT-RW-netNetwork Configuration
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RT-RW-netAccess Network
Wired Net ork
- S itch
- Extended S itch
Wireless Net ork
- Wireless Access Point
- Wireless Distribution System (WDS)
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RT-RW-netServer
Authentication
- to permit or deny user
Fire all
- to allo or block traffic
Database
- usage monitoring
Intranet ebserver
- communicate among internal community
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RT-RW-netInternet Access
ADSL
used for affordable phone line areas
Terrestrial radio link
used for remote area here can be reached by
radio link
VSAT
used for remote area here cant be reached by
radio link
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IssuesTechnical issues
Security
Considered parameters on ireless
access:
- Coverage
- Number of users
- Frequency channel selection
- Cell design
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Technical IssuesSecurity
User : entitled and not entitled
Traffic : allo ed and not allo ed
Device security
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Technical IssuesCoverage
Grafik Nilai RSSI terhadap Jangkauan AP untuk Transmit Power
tertentu
-100
-90-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
Jarak AP dengan Station (dalam meter)
RSSI(dalamd
B) Tx = 1 mW
Tx = 50 mW
Tx = 100 mW
Tx = 150 mW
Tx = 200 mW
Tx = 251 mW
Transmit Power AP
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Technical IssuesNumber of Users
24 0
0 50 60 70 81 01 21 62 4
4 8
0 0
5 0
10 0
15 0
20 0
25 0
30 0
1 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Number of Users
Throughput(inM
bps)
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Technical IssuesFrequency channel selection
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Technical IssuesCell design
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IssuesSustainability
Ho to make RT/RW-net development continue
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Future Research.
Auto handover
Voice communication
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THANK YOUContact in o:
Muhammad Ani , Kurnianingsih
Data Communication Laboratory
Electrical Engineering Department
Politeknik Negeri Semarang
Benny B. Nasution
Electronics Laboratory
Electrical Engineering Department
Politeknik Negeri Medan
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