BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED, JHANSI Abhishek Agarwal
101603
o BHEL is the largest engineering and manufacturing enterprise
in India in the energy/infrastructure sector today. BHEL was
established more than 40 years ago when its first plant was set up
in Bhopal ushering in the indigenous Heavy Electrical Equipment
industry in India, a dream that has been more than realized with a
well-recognized track record of performance. INTRODUCTION o By the
end of 5th five-year plan, it was envisaged by the planning
commission that the demand for power transformer would rise in the
coming years. Anticipating the countrys requirement BHEL decided to
set up a new plant.The new plan BHEL jhansi was setup in 9th
january 1974.
DIESEL LOCOMOTIVE DEPARTMENT
Locomotive A locomotive or engine is a railway vehicle that
provides the motive power for a train. The word originates from the
Latin loco "from a place", ablative of locus, "place" + Medieval
Latin motivus, "causing motion", and is a shortened form of the
term locomotive engine. The first successful locomotives were built
by Cornish inventor Richard Trevithick in 1804.
Diesel Locomotive A diesel locomotive is a type of railway
locomotive in which the prime mover is a diesel engine. Several
types of diesel locomotive have been developed, differing mainly in
the means by which mechanical power is conveyed to the driving
wheels (drivers).
Parts of a Diesel-Electric Locomotive
Another view
Diesel Engine This is the main power source for the locomotive.
A diesel engine (also known as a compression-ignition engine) is an
internal combustion engine that uses the heat of compression to
initiate ignition to burn the fuel that has been injected into the
combustion chamber. It comprises a large cylinder block, with the
cylinders arranged in a straight line or in a V.
Engine view
Main Alternator The diesel engine drives the main alternator
which provides the power to move the train. The alternator
generates AC electricity which is used to provide power for the
traction motors mounted on the trucks (bogies). In older
locomotives, the alternator was a DC machine, called a generator.
.
Auxiliary Alternator Locomotives used to operate passenger
trains are equipped with an auxiliary alternator. This provides AC
power for lighting, heating, air conditioning, dining facilities
etc. on the train. The output is transmitted along the train
through an auxiliary power line.
Motor Blower The diesel engine also drives a motor blower. As
its name suggests, the motor blower provides air which is blown
over the traction motors to keep them cool during periods of heavy
work. The blower is mounted inside the locomotive body but the
motors are on the trucks, so the blower output is connected to each
of the motors through flexible ducting. The blower output also
cools the alternators.
Traction Motor Since the diesel-electric locomotive uses
electric transmission, traction motors are provided on the axles to
give the final drive. These motors were traditionally DC but the
development of modern power and control electronics has led to the
introduction of 3-phase AC motors. Pinion/Gear The traction motor
drives the axle through a reduction gear of a range between 3 to 1
(freight) and 4 to 1 (passenger).
Fuel Tank A diesel locomotive has to carry its own fuel around
with it. The fuel tank is normally under the loco frame and This
huge tank in the underbelly of the locomotive holds 2,200 gallons
(8,328 L) of diesel fuel. Sand Box Locomotives always carry sand to
assist adhesion in bad rail conditions. Sand is not often provided
on multiple unit trains because the adhesion requirements are lower
and there are normally more driven axles.
Air Reservoirs Air reservoirs containing compressed air at high
pressure are required for the train braking and some other systems
on the locomotive. These are often mounted next to the fuel tank
under the floor of the locomotive. Air Compressor The air
compressor is required to provide a constant supply of compressed
air for the locomotive and train brakes.
Radiator and Radiator Fan The radiator works the same way as in
an automobile. Water is distributed around the engine block to keep
the temperature within the most efficient range for the engine. The
water is cooled by passing it through a radiator blown by a fan
driven by the diesel engine.
Turbo Charging The amount of power obtained from a cylinder in
a diesel engine depends on how much fuel can be burnt in it. The
amount of fuel which can be burnt depends on the amount of air
available in the cylinder. So, if you can get more air into the
cylinder, more fuel will be burnt and you will get more power out
of your ignition. Turbo charging is used to increase the amount of
air pushed into each cylinder. Turbocharging gives a 50% increase
in engine power.
Twin Power-Pack 700HP Diesel Engine
Single Power-Pack 2400HP Diesel Engine
Locomotive Data General Data Of Locomotive:- Model No. : WDM2
Specification : 16 cylinder V-type 4 stroke Diesel Engine Type :
Co-Co Power : 700hp, 1400hp, 2400hp Maximum Speed : 120 kph Gear
Ratio : 68/18 Compression Ratio : 16:1 Cylinder Bore : 230mm
Cylinder Stroke : 279mm
Wheel Base:- Wheel Dia : 1092mm Wheel Base : 12834mm Traction
Motor : Bhel 165 Track Gauge : 1676mm Brake Equipment :
Vaccun/Air
Auxiliary Horse Power Requirement:- Auxiliary Generator Maximum
: 17HP Exciter Maximum : 12HP Traction Motor : 400HP Blower at full
speed : 62HP Radiator Fan : 80HP Expresser Unloaded at 1000 rpm :
13 HP
BOGI ASSEMBLY SHOP
Parts Of Bogi
Bogie Shop The locomotive bogies are rebuilt with new wheel
sets, suspension bearings and remanufactured traction motors.
Separate shop has been set up for machining of wheel sets and
assembly of locomotive bogies.
Machines Used In Bogi Shop
Asquith CNC Machine Computer Numeric Control machines is a
closed loop machine. As the name depicts these machines use
computer for their operation. Computer Numeric Control machines are
controlled by a set of different ISO codes that helps in proper
controlling of the machine. In modern CNC systems, end-to-end
component design is highly automated using CAD/CAM programs.
View Of ASQUITH CNC Machine
In this machine all the operation which is essential for bogi
is performes. Mainly these operation are following- Cutting Milling
Finishing Drilling Fillit Grinding
Radial Arm Drilling Machine In radial arm drilling machine
there is a one column on which radial arm is fixed. Radial arm are
horizontal arm this is movable around the column. This is main
advantage of this machine. In drilling machine different type drill
can be fixed. But twist drills are very common in use. Holes of
different diameter can be done by using drills of different
diameter.
View Of Radial Arm Drilling Machine
Axle Turning Machine Axle turning machine is also called lathe
machine. In this machine material is removed by the single point
cutting tool. Turning of axle, grinding of axle operation are
performed on this machine.
Result And Conclusion The BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS is the most
widely used transport system in India. The production of the parts
and units of rails forms an important and integral part of the
proper functioning of the railway system in India. Its World's
largest manufacturer of ALCO diesel loco spares such as Gears,
Cams, Con rods, Pins, Carbon Brushes etc. DCW manufactures large
components such as traction motors and locomotive power packs,
rebuilds engine blocks, traction generators, etc.
REFERENCES http://www.google.co.in/ www.bhel.com
http://en.wikipedia.org http://www.railway-technical.com
http://www.howstuffworks.com/ Manual Report of BHEL