Human DevelopmentChapter 10
Prenatal Development
• Germinal stage
• zygote
• Embryonic stage
• Fetal stage
Motor Development
Motor Development
• Cephalocaudal trend
• Proximodistal trend
Attachment Theory
• Secure
• Anxious-ambivalent
• Avoidant
Harlow’s Monkey Studies
Temperament
Erikson’s Theory
• Trust vs. mistrust
• Autonomy vs. Shame/doubt
• Initiative vs. Guilt
• Industry vs. Inferiority
• Identity vs. Confusion
• Intimacy vs. Isolation
• Generativity vs. Self-absorption
• Integrity vs. Despair
Crisis Present Crisis Absent
CommitmentPresent
CommitmentAbsent
IdentityAchievement
IdentityForeclosure
IdentityMoratorium
IdentityDiffusion
Marcia’s Identity Statuses
Erik Erikson Language Development
• Cooing
• Babbling
• First words
• Vocabulary spurt
• Fast mapping
• Overextension, underextension, overregularization
• Telegraphic speech
Child Cognitive Development Cognitive Development
• Jean Piaget
• Stages
1. Sensorimotor
• Object permanence
2. Pre-operational
• Conservation
• Centration
• Irreversibility
• Egocentrism
• Animism
3. Concrete Operational
4. Formal Operational
Gender Differences
• Cognitive
• Females: verbal skills
• Males: mathematical and visual/spatial skills
• Social
• Females: non-verbal communication
• Males: aggression, sexual behavior
• Brain
• Males: cerebral specialization
• Females: larger corpus callosum
17%
83%
Males Females
Correctional Population
9%
91%
Males Females
Homicide Offenders
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