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6/17/2004 DRAFT WORKING DOCUMENT 1
AP&T Generation Project
Investigation into Municipal Solid Waste
Gasification for Power GenerationDraft Report to the Public Utilities Board
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Process of this Study
May 2002 AES presented a report to the PUB
Objectives of a power project
Gasification of MSW identified as an approach
that met all objectives
Major Recommendation: conduct an RFQ for
MSW Gasification
This report presents the results of the RFQ
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Objectives of a Generation Project
Provide Local Reliability
Maintain an Economic Resource Portfolio Ensure Stable Electric Cost and Power
Supply
Facilitate Economic Development in the Cityof Alameda
Maintain Power Content Label in the SupplyPortfolio
Meet Future Need in a Timely Manner
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Key Information Sought Through RFQ
Technical Feasibility?
Economic at Scale useful to Alameda P&T?
Business Models for a Project?
Interest among Vendors?
Is MSW gasification and power production
competitive with other alternatives?
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The RFQ Team
Advanced Energy Strategies, Inc.
Overall project management
Economic analysis
Final Report
URS Corporation Engineering assessment
Technical Report Alameda P&T Staff
Project guidance
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What is MSW Gasification?
Chemical conversion of MSW into synthetic gas in a controlledprocess
Four technologies:
Pyrolysis: No oxygen,Temperatures 750 - 1650 F
Gasification: Limited oxygen (< stoiciometric),
Temperatures 1400 - 2500 Plasma Gasification: Limited oxygen,
Temperatures of thousands of F
Bio-gasification: Anaerobic digestion
Less than 200 F
Bio-Gasification is not efficient enough to generate the amountssought in the RFQ, so it was not evaluated.
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Gasification is Not Incineration
Incineration (burning): Oxidizing Environment oxygen rich
Combines simple compounds into more complex compounds
Creates complex oxides, including dioxins and furans
Rejected by Alameda P&T in the 1980s
Gasification:
Reducing Environment very little or no oxygen used
Breaks complex compounds down into simpler compounds
Destroys toxics including dioxins and furans
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Gasification Process: 3 Stages
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Approach of the RFQ
Issued Round 1 - April 2003
Round 2 - June 2003
Responses & Evaluation
13 vendors responded with 15 proposals 13 proposals were worthy of technical evaluation
In-person vendor interviews - November 2003 6 leading proposals were evaluated more
thoroughly through vendor interviews
Short list includes 4 vendors
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Three Areas of Findings from the RFQ
Technology
MSW Gasification technology is viable Will produce electricity reliably
Can be permitted in California
MSW Gasification technology is commercialized(just barely)
Technology will improve as it is deployed
Mitigation of construction and operating risks will need to
be addressed
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Three Areas of Findings from the RFQ
Economics Capital costs higher than most generation
technologies Includes the cost of fuel preparation Project receives revenue for accepting the fuel
Highly dependent on alternative costs Gas fired generation
Landfilling MSW
Current alternative costs make MSW gasificationeconomic Alternative costs have been rising
Confirmation requires a defined project
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Three Areas of Findings from the RFQ
Institutional
Law & Regulation are lagging technology development
California legislation began addressing this in 2002
Gasification recognized as different from incineration
Definition of gasification does not fit the technology Significant issue for thermal conversion technologies
May not be a large problem for bio conversion
Did not define a role for gasification in MSW processing
Gasification is a renewable technology
Technology and life-cycle reports mandated
Additional legislation will be needed
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Development Path Alternatives
PowerPurchases
CombinedCycle
ThermalConversion
Bio-Conversion
MonitorDevelopments
TechnologyViability Well
Established
Well
Established
Confirmed Needs
Confirmation
-
Maturity Very Mature Very Mature Not Mature Not Mature -Risk Mitigation Contract Terms Turnkey
Construction
Needs
Attention
Need May be
Limited
-
Applicability to
Alameda P&T
Not Meet Local
Reliaability
Goal
Too Large;
Gas Pressures
Low; Not meet
RenewableGoal
Good Fit
Except for
Siting
DifficultiesWithin Alameda
Not
Determined
Viable for up to 2
years
InstitutionalNew MSW Regulations n/a n/a Required May
Accommodate
Moderate
Participation
Legislative Definiation n/a n/a ModificationRequired
ProbablyAdequate
ModerateParticipation
Local MSW Plan n/a n/a Modification
Required
Modification
Required
Moderate
Participation
Project RequirementsMSW Supply n/a n/a Untested Untested Defer
Site for Project n/a Some Difficulty Difficult Difficult Defer
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Gasification of MSW is a Good Fit for
Alameda P&T
Meets all Six Objectives Local
Renewable
Timing fits Alameda P&Ts needs
Scale is appropriate
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Recommendations
Assess the Status of Bio-Gasification
Participate in Developing MSW Conversion
Laws & Regulations Promote Development of a Reduced Scope
MSW Gasification Project
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