Population Pyramids

APHuG

Ms. Pullen

Population Pyramids

• AKA age-sex pyramids• area's population by age

and sex (gender) for a particular point in time

• Males on the left• Females on the right

• the bars typically read as percentages of the total population

• sometimes the actual number of people is shown

• Scaled is preferred by human geographers!

• Why?

What Do They Say?

• Demographic disasters: War, famine, epidemic

• Demographic transition: – Extreme pyramid= stage 2– Collumnular= stage 4

• Make up of the community• Cultural preferences

Population Pyramids

http://ecp3113-01.fa01.fsu.edu/lively_introduction/fig7.gif

What will the pyramid look like in 2025? 2050?

Age Dependency

Ratio

10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10

0-4 yrs.

5-9 yrs.

10-14 yrs.

15-19 yrs.

20-24 yrs

25-29 yrs

30-34 yrs.

35-39 yrs.

40-44 yrs.

45-49 yrs.

50-54 yrs.

55-59 yrs.

60-64 yrs.

65-69 yrs.

70-74 yrs.

75-79 yrs.

80+ yrs.

AGE

PERCENT

Males(%)Females(%)

Italy, 2000

1

2

34

5

Analysis of Italy’s Population Pyramid

• 1. Decline in Birth Rate• 2. Baby Boom• 3. Fewer men due to World War I and II • 4. More women due to: a. longer life

expectancy and b. World Wars (I and II) • 5. More 75-79 yrs than 0-4 yrs. Signs of

a future worker shortage and an overall declining population.

Aging population…

…declining birth rate

10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10

0-4 yrs.

5-9 yrs.

10-14 yrs.

15-19 yrs.

20-24 yrs

25-29 yrs

30-34 yrs.

35-39 yrs.

40-44 yrs.

45-49 yrs.

50-54 yrs.

55-59 yrs.

60-64 yrs.

65-69 yrs.

70-74 yrs.

75-79 yrs.

80+ yrs.

AGE

PERCENT

Males(%)Females(%)

Italy, 2000

10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10

0-4 yrs.

5-9 yrs.

10-14 yrs.

15-19 yrs.

20-24 yrs

25-29 yrs

30-34 yrs.

35-39 yrs.

40-44 yrs.

45-49 yrs.

50-54 yrs.

55-59 yrs.

60-64 yrs.

65-69 yrs.

70-74 yrs.

75-79 yrs.

80+ yrs.

AGE

PERCENT

Males(%)Females(%)

Italy, 2025

10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10

0-4 yrs.

5-9 yrs.

10-14 yrs.

15-19 yrs.

20-24 yrs

25-29 yrs

30-34 yrs.

35-39 yrs.

40-44 yrs.

45-49 yrs.

50-54 yrs.

55-59 yrs.

60-64 yrs.

65-69 yrs.

70-74 yrs.

75-79 yrs.

80+ yrs.

AGE

PERCENT

Males(%)Females(%)

Italy, 2050

How is this population pyramid

different from Italy’s?

http://www.townsendchamber.org

Population Pyramids at Different Scales

Country

State

County (Borough)

http://www.aleutianseast.org

http://dsc.discovery.com/fansites/deadliestcatch/deadliestcatch.html

Helpful Hints…

A. Ann Arbor, MI - University of Michigan

B. Buffalo county, SD - Crow Creek Indian Reservation, one of the poorest counties in the United States

C. Punta Gorda, FL - retirement community

D. Leavenworth, KS - United States Penitentiary

E. Manhattan, NYC - wealthy downtown, few large families

F. Nothhamton, MA - Smith College, an all girls college

G. Fort Bragg, NC - United States Army Fort

H. Springfield, IL - average American city

Answers

• 1. B• 2. A• 3. E• 4. C• 5. G• 6. H• 7. F• 8. D

Population Pyramids for Selected Countries

Guest Workers, mainly from South Asia

http://fusions.wordpress.com/2007/08/06/migrant-workers-in-dubai

Guest Workers from India in the Persian Gulf Countries

Post War Baby Boom and Declining Birth Rate

http://www.economist.com/world/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9539825

http://kotaku.com/gaming/only-in-japan/strange-japanese-game-center-name-226261.php

Declining Birth Rate, Emigration, War

Stable Population Growth

High Birth and Death Rates

http://atlas.7jigen.net/photo/?n=Comoros&ln=en

“Although the Comoros is a poor country, extreme manifestations of poverty such as famine or homelessness are rare. The great majority of people have access to adequate food, clothing, shelter, and, to some extent, water.”

http://poverty2.forumone.com/library/view/8688/

Slightly Increasing Population

“Increased prosperity as a result of the Celtic Tiger's economic boom in the wake of its 1973 EU membership has led to major changes in Ireland which is no longer traditionally a country of emigration and is receiving

substantial numbers of immigrants to fill jobs.”

http://www.religiousconsultation.org/News_Tracker/Ireland_population_to_jump_to_five_million.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Vilnius_at_Dublin.jpg

Extremely High Birth and Death Rates

http://www.biyokulule.com/February_%201990s(4).htm

http://www.islamic-relief.com/submenu/appeal/somalia_crisis.htm

Persistent Poverty and Violence

Helpful Hints…

A. Germantown - wealthy suburban area

B. Bartlett - older middle class suburban area

C. East Memphis - one of the older wealthiest residential areas

D. Downtown Memphis - few families, correctional center

E. University of Memphis - residential area with large numbers of university students

F. South Memphis - one of the poorest areas in Memphis

Germantown - wealthy suburban area: There are very few people in their 20’s living in this region. The reason for this is that this zip code has very high residential housing costs. The people who live here usually move into the zip code so that their children (ages 5-18) can attend the public schools in Germantown. The reason there are so few people over the age of 60-65 is that people will move out of this area and retire in other more desirable areas.

Bartlett - older suburban area: This area is a well established zip code where many people have raised their families and plan on retiring in the area as well. As a result the schools were much larger in the 1980’s and 90’s. In fact the schools in the area have had to surplus some of their teachers to areas in the county where growth is higher.

East Memphis - one of the older wealthiest residential areas: This is one of the most sought-after areas in Memphis in which to live. It is also an area with retirement facilities, which usually have more women than men (since women do have a higher life expectancy than men).

Downtown Memphis - few families, correctional center: The downtown zip code is not the most desirable area in which to raise a family. There are few schools, parks, or facilities that cater to children, and the overall environment is not “child friendly.” It is an area that is better suited for young professionals. This area also has a prison at 201 Poplar Avenue. Most people in Memphis would know that if you say “201 Poplar” you are talking about the jail in downtown.

University of Memphis - residential area with large numbers of university students: The University of Memphis has many students who commute to campus and do not live near the university. However, there are enough student living on and near campus for it to show up on the population pyramid.

South Memphis - one of the poorest areas in Memphis: This zip code in Memphis has a per capita income (1999 dollars) of $13,798. The median values of a home is only $68,900. Only 10.5% of the population has a Bachelors degree or higher. As a result of the poverty and lack of education, the life expectancy is lower and the birth rate is higher.

Answers

• 1. E• 2. D• 3. B• 4. A• 5. F• 6. C