MOTION
PHYSICS
CONCEPT :-
Some objects in our surrounding are moving with respect to the stationary ones. Based on that object or body in our surroundings, our environment can be classified as :-
• Stationary Objects ( in rest )
• Moving Objects ( in motion )
Stationary body Moving body
MOTION
A body is said to be in motion when it’s position changes continuously with respect to reference point (stationary object).
• E.g.:- hand of the clock are in motion.
Reference point :-
• When a car moves in front of a forest
• With respect to the trees car is moving.
• Trees – reference point
Stationary object
Moving object
Reference Point
VECTOR AND SCALAR
Scalar : • Gives only magnitude
Vector : • Give both magnitude and direction
Displacement
Distance
e.g.
Scalar
Vector
Distance
•The length of actual path travelled by an object is known as Distance covered by the object.• It is a scalar quantity.
Displacement
•The shortest distance between the final and the initial point is called displacement.•Displacement is of scalar quantity
UNIFORM AND NON UNIFORM MOTION
A body travels in uniform motion when it travels equal distance in equal interval of time.
A body travels in Non uniform motion when it travels unequal distance in equal interval of time.
Uniform Non Uniform
SPEED
Speed:- distance travelled by a body per unit time ……….
speed = distance/time
Speed is scalar
Speedometer and Odometer are used to measure speed of an object
AVERAGE AND UNIFORM SPEED
Average speed :- The average speed of a body is the total distance travelled by the total time taken.
Average Speed = Total distance traveled / Total time taken
Uniform speed :- When the rate of change of position per unit time remains same the it is called uniform speed.
VELOCITY
Velocity :- distance travelled by a body per unit time in a given direction……
VELOCITY = displacement / time
Velocity is vector.
Direction of a body is as displacement at the body.
UNIFORM VELOCITY
Uniform velocity :- When the rate of change of position per unit time remains same the it is called uniform velocity.
Velocity of a body can be changed in the following 2 ways.By changing the speed of the bodyBy keeping the speed constant but by changing the direction
AVERAGE VELOCITY
Average velocity :-
V = u + v t
Acceleration
•The rate of change of velocity of an moving object is known as its Acceleration.• It is a vector quantity.•Acceleration =
Velocity/Time• It’s unit is m/sec2.
RETARDATION
• The rate of decreasing of velocity of a moving object is known as retardation.• It is also a vector quantity.
- PRATEEK SAXENA 9TH B14
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