© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
Perspectives from the field: Key development issues and approaches in Afghanistan
Edmonton, Canada
July 29, 2014
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada 2
• Afghanistan • Development issues in Afghanistan • Aga Khan Development Network in Afghanistan • Promising approaches and strategies • Role of community and civil society in global citizenship -
– a grassroot perspective • What does all this have to do with you?
Presentation outline
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What is the image of ‘Afghanistan’ you have in mind?
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This is the Afghanistan I know
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Afghanistan at a glance
Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Kabul is the capital 30 million population 74% rural and 22% urban and 4% nomads 652,230 sq. km; slightly smaller than Texas state of
US Landlocked; mostly mountains and desert Dry climate, with cold winters and hot summers 34 provinces (administrative divisions) Fully centralized government
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
Key development indicators
• GNI per capita: US$410 – ranked 204• Poverty rate: 36%• Life expectancy at birth: 48M – 48F• School enrolment: 46% (Boys 52%, Girls 40%)• Female literacy rate: 29% • MMR (per 100,000 live births): 327 – still ranked
164/165• Child mortality:96 (per 1,000 live births)
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Key development issues
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Lack of qualified human resources, particularly female
Lack of community capacity in driving their development agenda
Cultural and social norms
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
AKFC is an agency of the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN), a family of private, non-denominational development agencies dedicated to improving living conditions and opportunities for the poor, without regard to their faith, origin or gender.
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AKDN
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© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
AKF in Afghanistan
• 53 districts in seven provinces
• 1,600 communities and more than 3 million target population
• More than 1800 staff (97% Afghans)
• Partnership with 15 donors including DFATD
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© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
The Goal
To contribute to stability, prosperity and overall quality of life of the Afghan population
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
The approaches
• Multi-sectoral, integrated
• Systemic and long term
• Fostering indigenous institutions
and human resources
• Community-led • Alignment with national priorities
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
AKF in Afghanistan
• Key program areas:
Rural Development - Participatory Governance and Civil Society- Natural Resource Management- Market Development and Financial Access- Infrastructure Development
Health Education Afghan-Tajik cross-border cooperation program
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© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
Participatory Governance
• Government provincial departments
• District level government
• Community Institutions
• Linkage building • Reverse linkage building • Horizontal experience
sharing• Social Audit • Gender sensitive planning • Capacity building attached to
infrastructure development • Downward accountability • Thematic intervention
C:\Users\fawad\Desktop\Social Audit film VTS_01_1.VOB
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
Participatory Governance
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
Health
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zYdHwtrWngU
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
Health
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
Natural Resources Management G
over
nmen
t an
d C
ivil
Soc
iety
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
Market Development and Financial Access
• Value chain approach
• Agricultural
• Non-agricultural
• Vocational training
• Tourism Development
• Community Based Saving
Groups (72% female)
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
Production
Wholesale Marketing
On-farm Storage
InputSupply
Retailing Procurement/purchase,Storage at shop,Grading/sorting,Retail sale
Procurement/purchaseStorage at shops,Sorting,Packing,Sale at farm,Sale in local markets,Sale in Fiazabad and Takhar
Grading/Sorting,Storage, Sorting on ongoing basis
Fertilizer application,Bordex mixture application,Irrigation,Pruning,Picking,Packing,Sales on Farm or at market
,Fruit PlantsAgro-chemicals (Fert, Pesticides, Lime, Copper, Sulfur etc.)Farmyard ManureTools/Equipments
Small Vendors
N=60
Consumers
Mother Stock Nursery (MSN) & Associated Stock
Nurseries (ASN)
MSN=3ASN=13
Farmers’ Nursery (Informal)
N=16
Tools/ Equipment Manufacturer
N=2
Small Farmers
with Scattered
PlantationsN=450
Commercial Apple
Producers
N=300
Wholesale/ Retail Traders Local Market
N=15
Local Contractors N=20
Contractors (Faisabad)N=40
Fruit & Vegetables Retail Shops
N=28
Local General Retail Shops
N=55
Traders from Faizabad/Takhar
N=?
Pesticides/Agro-chemicals
Shops
N=2
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
Education
• Schools management • District education
dept.• Provincial education
dept.• National MoEdu.• Other INGOs• AKDN (AKF, AKES
and AKU)
• Govt. School Program
• Community Based
Classes
• Teacher Trng. Colleges
• Pre-Schools
• Mother Literacy Classes
• Parenting Education
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Education
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
Cross Border Cooperation
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Exercise
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
Conclusion
“Citizenship is defined by being a member with rights and responsibilities. Therefore, GCE must encourage active involvement. GCE can be taught from a critical and transformative perspective, whereby students are thinking, feeling, and doing. In this approach, GCE requires students to be politically critical and personally transformative. Teachers provide social issues in a neutral and grade-appropriate way for students to understand, grapple with, and do something about.”
You can’t criticize what you don’t understand: Teachers as social change agents in neo liberal times. An article by Dr. Michael O’Sullivan of Brock University
© 2014 Aga Khan Foundation Canada
Thank you
Any Questions?
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