PbWO crystals

Liping GanUniversity of North Carolina Wilmington

L. Gan October 31, 2008 2

Comparison of heavy crystals from A.E. Borisevish, Nucl. Exp. Tech., 49, 199 (2006)

L. Gan October 31, 2008 3

Light Yield Temperature Dependence Nucl. Inst. Meth., A365, 291 (1995)

d(LY)/dT is about -1.9 %/Co

L. Gan October 31, 2008 4

Scintillation decay curvesfrom A.M. Blick et al., Nucl. Instr.,Meth.,A390,30 (1997)

L. Gan October 31, 2008 5

Radiation Hardness

Protvino beam test result, Nucl.Instrum.Meth.A512:488-505,2003

L. Gan October 31, 2008 6

Electron Beam Irradiation

Dose rate: 10-25 rad/hour 27-GeV electron beam

Average saturated light loss of ~8% after 1-2 Krad

Recovery study shows that 85% damage can be recovered in 2 months after irradiation

L. Gan October 31, 2008 7

10-25 rad/hour 40-GeV pion irradiation, average ~12% light loss after ~1-2 krad total dose

30-60 rad/hour 40-GeV pion irradiation, average ~20% light loss after ~2 krad total dose

500 rad/hour by charge hadrons, γ-quanta and neutrons,

~20% light loss after ~2 krad total dose

Energy resolution is not noticeably degraded by the radiation damage

Pion Beam Irradiation

L. Gan October 31, 2008 8

100 krad/hour 40-GeV pion irradiation, about a factor of 3 light loss after ~2.5 Mrad total dose

Degradation of energy resolution is 20-50% after ~2.5 Mrad dose

Radiation Hardness continue----Super-intensive beam

L. Gan October 31, 2008 9

PrimEx PbWO4 from SIC

Specified

Size: 20.5x20.5x180 mm3

Tolerances: +0.0-0.1 in trans. +0.3-0.0 in long.

Collaboration managed to double the number of crystals: to from 650 to 1250

L. Gan October 31, 2008 10

PbWO4 Development:Optical Properties

Optical transparency

L. Gan October 31, 2008 11

PbWO4 Energy Resolution

6 x 6 crystalsE/E = 1.3 %

1 x 1

3 x 3

L. Gan October 31, 2008 12

PbWO4 Position Resolution

x = 1.3 mm

L. Gan October 31, 2008 13

Rate dependence

L. Gan October 31, 2008 14

Current Production and price in SIC

• Production line in SIC is still alive. They can provide 4000 modules in one year

• Price will be in the range of $2.5-$5.0

L. Gan October 31, 2008 15

Summary

• Excellent energy and position resolution• Compact shower Size• Fast signals• Excellent radiation hardness• 4000 modules can be delivered by SIC within 1

year• Price is in the range of $2.5-$5.0 per cc