October 7, 2010
EQ:
Objectives: Review the first engagements of British and American armies.
Review the Declaration of Independence and its impact on the Revolutionary War.
Key Terms: Nathan HaleBattle of Long IslandMercenariesBattle of TrentonValley ForgeBaron von Steuben
1776 1777
Name of BattleYear/StateWho won?
1 Fact
General: Major General Lord Howe
How Many Troops: 34,000
Casualties: 400
General: General George Washington
How Many Troops: 10,000
Casualties: 2,000
Battle of Long IslandAugust 27, 1776
How Well Are We Doing Washington?
-Because Militia are not trained to fire in line they can not stand against the British.
-400 British Royal Naval Ships land at Staten Island and off load 32,000 British Troops.
-Washington is puts up a strong defense on Staten Island and Brooklyn but is forced to retreat to Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.
Battle of Long IslandAugust 27, 1776
Nathan Hale
-June 6, 1755 – September 22, 1776
-He was an intelligent officer and spy for the Continental Army
-He volunteered for an intelligence gathering mission in New York City.
-Hale was arrested in a local tavern by Major Robert Rogers of the Queen’s York Rangers.
-Right before being hanged Hale said, "I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country."
1776 1777
Battle of Long Island
1776/NYBritish
General: Colonel Rahl
How Many Troops: 1,400 Hessian Troops
Casualties: 20 Dead and 100 wounded
General: General George Washington
How Many Troops: 2,400
Casualties: 4 wounded
Battle of Trenton
Battle of Trenton
-George Washington made the famous Crossing of the Frozen Delaware River with 2,400 soldiers.
-Needed to win a battle to lift the hopes of American Forces.
-Surprise 1,400 Hessian Soldiers that were occupying the town of Trenton.
Hessians are Germans and fight for Great Britain for money.
What is the term used to call these soldiers?
Mercinaries
1776 1777
Battle of Long Island
1776/NYBritish
Battle of Trenton1776/NJ
American
General: Major General Lord Cornwallis
How Many Troops: 8,000
Casualties: 40 dead, 58 wounded
General: General George Washington
How Many Troops: 7,000
Casualties: 40 soldiers killed and wounded
The Battle of Princeton
The Battle of Princeton
-Lord Cornwallis wanted revenge for the surprise attack at Trenton
-Washington retreated by lighting fires and moving his army at night to attack Princeton.
-Washington defeated 1,200 British troops as he retreated out of New Jersey.
-The success at Trenton and Princeton are important because it gave the American Army victories and hope against the British.
1776 1777
Battle of Long Island
1776/NYBritish
Battle of Trenton1776/NJ
American
Battle of Princeton1777/NJ
American
General: Major General Howe
How Many Troops: 8,000 British and Hessians
Casualties: 500
General: General George Washington
How Many Troops 11,000 Americans
Casualties: 1,000
Battle of Germantown
Battle of Germantown
-The Battle of Germantown is an American defeat but it plays a major role in the American Revolution.
-General Howe had pushed the Americans out of Philadelphia, the home of the Continental Congress.
-Washington planned an attack on General Howe but Howe was able to defend against the attack successfully.
-Although neither side technically won the battle, it did bring the attention of the other European nations into the War
America and France
1776 1777
Battle of Long Island
1776/NYBritish
Battle of Trenton1776/NJ
American
Battle of Princeton1777/NJ
American
The Battle of Brandywine and
Germantown1777/PABritish
General: Major General John Burgoyne
How Many Troops: 5,000
Casualties: 440 Killed 6,222 captured
General: Major General Horatio Gates and Brigadier Benedict Arnold
How Many Troops: 12,000 to 14,000
Casualties: 90 killed
The Battle of Saratoga
The Battle of Saratoga
1776 1777
Battle of Long Island
1776/NYBritish
Battle of Trenton1776/NJ
American
Battle of Princeton1777/NJ
American
The Battle of Brandywine and
Germantown1777/PABritish
The Battle of Saratoga1777/NYAmerican
Valley ForgeWinter 1777-1778
-After the defeat at Long Island, Washington had to retreat for the winter.
-He made it to Valley Forge, PA
-There was no food, clean water, clean shelter and no medicine.
-Many men died from starvation and small pox.
-12,000 Continentals camped in 1777 and 2,000 soldiers after winter.
1776 1777
Battle of Long Island
1776/NYBritish
Battle of Trenton1776/NJ
American
Battle of Princeton1777/NJ
American
The Battle of Brandywine and
Germantown1777/PABritish
The Battle of Saratoga1777/NYAmerican
The Winter of Valley Forge
1777
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