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NUCLEAR WEAPONS & THE US
ALL FOR THE BEST?
By Adi Rai
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26/11 MUMBAI ATTACKS
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The Nuclear Non-Proliferation TreatyCreated 5th March 1970 and currently there are 189 states party to the treaty
Treaty "pillars"
First pillar: non-proliferation
Agree not to transfer "nuclear weapons or other nuclearexplosive devices" and "not in any way to assist,
encourage, or induce" a non-nuclear weapon state (NNWS) to acquire nuclear weapons.
Agree not to "receive," "manufacture" or "acquire" nuclear weapons or to "seek orreceive any assistance in
the manufacture of nuclear weapons". Agree to accept safeguards by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to verify that they are not
diverting nuclearenergy from peaceful uses to nuclear weapons or other nuclearexplosive devices.
Second pillar: disarmament
The desire of treaty signatories to ease international tension and strengthen international trust so as to
create someday theconditions for a halt to the production of nuclear weapons, and treaty on general and
complete disarmament that liquidates, in particular, nuclear weapons and their delivery vehicles fromnational arsenals.
Third pillar: peaceful use of nuclearenergy
The third pillar allows for and agrees upon the transfer of nuclear technology and materials to NPT signatory
countries for the development ofcivilian nuclearenergy programs in thosecountries, as long as they can
demonstrate that their nuclear programs are not beingused for the development of nuclear weapons.
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Signatories & non signatories of the
Treaty
Pretty Much Everyone Else has signed or has agreed to the NPT
Non-signatory states: India , Israel, Pakistan, *N. Korea* *Iran*
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Amounts & Ranges
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Amounts & Ranges
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Amounts & Ranges
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Amounts & Ranges
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Amounts & Ranges
The current delivery systems of the U.S. makes
virtually any part of the Earth's surface within the reach
of its nuclear arsenal. Though its land-based missilesystems have a maximum range of10,000 kilometers
(less than worldwide), its submarine-based forces
extend its reach from a coastline 12,000 kilometers
inland. Additionally, in-flight refueling of long-range
bombers and the use of aircraft carriers extends thepossible range virtually indefinitely.
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Credibility of the Treaty
It was
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Is the NPT working?
US vs Russia
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USA MILITARY SPENDING
$685.1 billion official budget for 2010
The 2009 U.S. military budget is almost as
much as therest of the world's defensespendingcombined and is over nine times
larger than the military budget ofChina
A 3% rise from last year as Obama wins peace
prize
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The Worthy War On Terror
Perhaps no single policy is more at odds with President (George W.) Bush'spledge to 'end tyranny in our world' than the United States' role as the world's
leading arms exporting nation. All too often, U.S. arms transfers end up fueling
conflict, arming human rights abusers, or falling into the hands of U.S.
adversaries.
TheUnited States is the overall top supplier of weapons. TheUnited States is also
the top supplier of weapons to the developing world, accounting for around 36% of
worldwide weapons sales, followed by theUnited Kingdom, Russia, Germany and
China.
TheUnited States transfers more weapons and military services than any other
country in the world, according to thereport. Between 1992 and 2003, the last yearfor which complete data are available, it sold $177.5 billion in arms to foreign
nations.
In 2006, theUnited States agreed to sell $10.3 billion in weapons to the developing
world, or 35.8 percent of these deals worldwide, according to the study.
''In 2003 alone, the Pentagon and State Department delivered or licensed the
delivery of$5.7 billion in weaponry to countries which can ill afford advanced
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The Bush Doctrine
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Why?
When asked why
"should theUnited States spend massively on arms and China
refrain?"
Max Boot, a senior fellow at theCouncil on Foreign Relations,
provided a simple answer:
"we guarantee the security of the world, protect our allies, keep
critical sea-lanes open and lead the war on terror," whileChinathreatens others and "could ignite an arms race" -- actions
inconceivable for theUnited States.
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The Issues.
Why is it that theUS feels the need to spend
billions of dollars on developing weapons?
What is the need for a worldwide nuclearrange& is it necessary?
How is it that theUS after signing the NPT is
able to do exactly otherwise?
i.e. keep producing & distributing nuclear weapons
Why is theUS able to police the world when
othercountries want to improve defence/arms?
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