Non-Linguistic Representation
Portsmouth Public SchoolsTEACH Academy
June 2009
What is non-linguistic representation?
It is an imagery mode of representation
The imagery mode is expressed as mental pictures and physical sensations such as:•smell •taste•touch•kinesthetic association•sound
The “dual-coding” theory of information storage agrees that knowledge is stored in two forms:—linguistic (words) and imagery (mental pictures).
• The more we use both systems of representation the better we are able to think about and recall knowledge
• This is particularly important in the classroom because linguistically is the primary method of presenting knowledge in the classroom
• We either talk to students about content or they read about new content
• This means students are left to generate their own nonlinguistic representations
Classroom Practice in
Non-linguistic Representations
Graphic Organizers are the most common way to help students generate nonlinguistic representations
Graphic Organizers combine the linguistic mode in that they use words and phrases and the nonlinguistic mode in that they use symbols and arrows to represent relationships
Create graphic organizers
•Descriptive Patterns •Time-Sequence Patterns •Process/Cause-Effect Patterns •Episode Patterns •Generalization/Principle Patterns •Concept Patterns
Templates open with Wordhttp://edweb.tusd.k12.az.us/Templates/nonlinguisticrepresentations.htm
Descriptive Pattern
• Descriptive Patterns can be used to represent facts about specific people, places, things and events
• This information does not have to be in any specific order
Main Idea
Descriptive Pattern
Example
Elephants
Big
Gray
Big Ears
Tusks
Time Sequence Pattern
• Time sequence patterns organize events in a specific chronological order
• For example, the events leading up to the Vietnam War can be shown in a time sequence pattern organizer
Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4
Process/Cause-Effect Pattern
• Process/Cause-Effect Patterns organize information into a casual network leading to a specific outcome
Cause
Cause Cause
Effect
Cause
Cause
• An example would be study habits that make a good student
Episode Pattern
Episode Pattern Organizers arrange data about specific events including:
1. Setting (time and place)
2. Specific People
3. A specific duration
4. A specific sequence of events
5. A particular cause and effect
An Example would be information leading up to the Civil War
Episode Pattern
An Example would be information leading up to the Civil War Episode Effect
Person PersonPerson
Duration
Place
Time
Cause
Generalization/Principle Patterns
• Generalization/Principle Patterns organize information into general statements with supporting details.
• An Example would be statements supporting a hypothesis that economic conditions were the cause of the Civil War.
Generalization/Principle
Example
Example
Example
Concept Pattern
• Concept Patterns organize information around a word or phrase that represents entire classes or categories of people, places things or events
• The characteristics or attributes of the concept along with examples of each should be included in this example.
• An example would be a teacher asking a student to show the concept of fables along with examples and characteristics of them.
Concept Pattern
Concept
Characteristic
CharacteristicExample
Example
Example
Example
Example
Example
Characteristic Example
Example
Example
A Concept Pattern could look like this
Using other Nonlinguistic Representations
•Making physical models •Generating mental pictures •Drawing pictures and pictographs •Engaging in kinesthetic activity
Inspiration®Many templates are available within the Inspiration® software. Go to File —> Open template, then choose the subject area and topic. Templates within Inspiration have directions about ways in which you might use the tool in the classroom.
Webspiration—online version of Inspiration
Inspiration—website with standards match
Planets --Inspiration
Inner and Outer Planets--Word
Extension activity with BigHugeLabs
•Template: 4-Dimensional Vocabulary (describes what belongs in each section of the template)
•4-Dimensional template using the word ban -
•Webster's Dictionary--use for definition
KerpoofDifferent levels of membership:•Free use, $4.39 month, $25 6 months, or $45 annually•Can use on the fly without registering•Can not save projects unless registered•Can Print projects with Free service
Credits
• http://manila.esu6.org/instructionalstrategies/stories/storyReader$13
•www.av.k12.mo.us/main/files/GOrganizers.ppt
•Classroom Instruction That Works. Marzano, Pickering, Pollock
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