NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center
NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC's Space
Based Observations and
Capabilities
Eric A. Kihn, Acting Director
National Geophysical Data Center
4/11/2014
2 SWW –Apr 2014
Director
Dr. Eric Kihn, Acting
Deputy Director
Capt. Mark Moran (O6)
Administrative Officer
Rashelle Richardson
National Snow &
Ice Data Center
Cooperative Agreement
Dr. Mark Serreze
Marine Geology
& Geophysics Division
Susan McLean
Solar & Terrestrial
Physics Division
Dr. William Denig
Information Systems
Division
Kelly Prendergast
NGDC Organizational Chart National Geophysical Data Center
3 SWW –Apr 2014
GOES Space Environment Monitor
• Geosynchronous Orbit, Since 1974
• Elements: In Situ Magnetic Fields
Whole Sun X-ray Flux
Energetic Particles
POES/MetOp Energetic Particle Detector
• Polar Low Earth Orbit
• Energetic Particles Archived Since 1979
GOES Solar X-ray Imager – GOES 12-15
• X-ray Images taken every minute
Archiving Operational Space
Weather Satellite Data
Also DMSP Space Weather Sensors
• F16-18, SSIES/SSJ/SSM
• Processed data received from AFRL
Space Weather Team Current Satellite Programs
4 SWW –Apr 2014
Solar
X-Rays
Proton
Events
Cosmic
Rays
(non-GOES)
Magnetic
Field
GOES Environmental Data 40 Years of Geostationary Measurements
X class
S4
Forbush Decrease
http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/satellite/goes/index.html
5 SWW –Apr 2014
Continuity of GEO Measurements Transitioning to GOES-R/S/T/U
6 SWW –Apr 2014
The GOES-R series space/solar sensors provide
incremental improvements to current NOAA GEO
space weather monitoring. First launch date of the
GOES-R series is late 2015 / early 2016.
Improved particle
energy coverage
Solar UV imagery
versus soft x-rays
Increased # of
wavelength bands Credit: Lockheed-Martin
GOES-R (R/S/T/U) Series Improved SWx Capabilities
7 SWW –Apr 2014
GOES-R Space Weather Space Weather L2+ Product Overview
XRS.04: One-minute averages for
both long and short channels
EUVS.03: One-minute averages of
broad spectral bands
SEISS.16: One-minute averages -
all MPS channels
SEISS.17: Five-minute averages -
all MPS and SGPS channels
SEISS.18: Convert differential
proton flux values to integral flux
values
MAG.07: MAG data in alternate
geophysical coordinate systems
MAG.08: One-minute averages
MAG.09: Comparison to quiet
fields
SUVI.07: Composite (wide dynamic
range) images
SUVI.09 and .10: Fixed and
running difference images
XRS.05: Calculate the ratio of the
short over long channels
XRS.09: Daily Background
XRS.07: Event Detection with one-
minute data
EUVS.03D: Daily averages of
broad spectral bands
EUVS.04: Event Detection
SEISS.19: Density and temperature
moments and level of spacecraft
charging
MAG.10: Magnetopause crossing
detection
SUVI.12: Coronal Hole Images
SUVI.19: Thematic Map
XRS.10: Flare Location
EUVS.05: Multi-wavelength Proxy
SEISS.20: Event detection based
on flux values
MAG.12: Sudden Impulse (SI)
detection
SUVI.13: Bright Region Data
SUVI.14: Flare Location (XFL)
Reports
SUVI.15: Coronal Hole Boundaries
Legacy Product
New Product
Product Set 1
Complete
Product Set 2
Complete
Product Set 3
In Process
26 Level 2+ Space Weather Products in three product sets
18 are operational legacy, 8 are new or have experimental heritage
Algorithms leverage new
sensor capabilities and
extended environmental
ranges.
8 SWW –Apr 2014
4
GOES-R Space Weather XRS.10 Flare Location
New quad-diode XRS design will
provide an ability to locate solar
flares on the disk. Algorithm will
automate the locations of solar
flares to aid in predicting impacts to
earth-based and satellite systems.
Aperture
Q1 Q2
Q3 Q4
Solar Flare
9 SWW –Apr 2014
5
GOES-R Space Weather XRS.10 Flare Location
Algorithm will report all event detection
parameters, peak fluxes and event fluences
based on SEISS SGPS measurements.
Adding a rate of rise quantity to the event
onset detection will enhance the algorithm’s
prediction capabilities.
S3
S2
S1
10 SWW –Apr 2014
An End of an Era (since 1978) LEO Space Environmental Monitor (SEM)
NOAA-19 (POES)
Launched: 08 Feb 2009 • NOAA-19 is the last NOAA satellite in polar
LEO to provide operational SWx data
NOAA-19 Extended EOL – CY19
NOAA-15/16/18 still provide SEM data
• European MetOp satellites carry NOAA SEM-
2 packages
MetOp A – CY2006 – 2014 (SEM-2)
MetOp B – CY2013 – 2018 (SEM-2)
MetOp C – CY2018 – 2022 (SEM-2)
http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/satellite/poes/index.html
11 SWW –Apr 2014
New NOAA datasets will soon be available via CDAWeb
NOAA15/16/18/19; MetOp-A/MetOp-B
MEPED: e: >40; >130; >287; >612 keV integral energy flux
p: 39; 115; 332; 1105; 2723 keV differential energy flux
TED: e: 50 eV – 1 keV; 1 keV – 20 keV channel energy flux
p: 50 eV – 1 keV; 1 keV – 20 keV channel energy flux
Contact Rob Redmon or Bob McGuire for details
Secondary Provider Coordinated Data Analysis Web
12 SWW –Apr 2014
New Capability Operational SWx Data from L1
• The DSCOVR spacecraft will measure the solar wind (np, vp, tp) and the
interplanetary magnetic field at 240 Re forward of the earth
• Space-X Falcon 9 launch scheduled for 13 Jan 2015; DSCOVR on-station in 110
days
• DSCOVR solar wind/IMF data downlinked via the Real-Time Solar Wind Network
(RTSWnet) as is currently done for ACE
• SWPC provides real-time data / NGDC provides retrospective data (>1 day)
13 SWW –Apr 2014
– Methodology developed at JHU/APL
• 30-40 min forecast driven by ACE solar
wind and interplanetary magnetic field
data – ops will transition to DSCOVR
• Model currently running in real-time at
NGDC – link
• Customer products available from
SWPC – link
– Plans:
• Transition Ovation to full operations in
March 2014
• Test and implement model upgrades for
reduced noise and capability to handle
larger storms
Expanded Products and Services Ovation Auroral Forecast Model
14 SWW –Apr 2014
DSCOVR Follow-on Operational Solar Wind / CME Imagery Missions
NOAA is committed to continued solar wind/CME monitoring
Solar Wind – Commercial and other options:
• Evaluate Sunjammer mission performance data for improved space
weather forecasts
• Evaluate business case for Sunjammer commercial data buy option
• Examine sensor concepts for improved sensor performance
• Refresh cost estimates for other options such as government satellites
CME Imagery
• Continue CCOR risk reduction studies at NRL
• Pursuing STP launch option
• Include CME imagery option in DSCOVR follow-on studies
15 SWW –Apr 2014
Infrastructure Development
16 SWW –Apr 2014
NGDC Common Ingest Overview
Tracking
Database
Remote
FTP Fetch
File
System
Feeder Manager
data flow
AMQP message
HTTP message
Message
Broker
Proxy
Client
Fire
wall
Science
Database
Archive ADIC
rsyn
c email
Cleanup
Dataset
Processor
17 SWW –Apr 2014
Dataset
Web
API
Catalogs
Client
data flow
AMQP message
HTTP message
Manager
Fire
wall
Database
Validation
Cleanup
Packager
Archive
Retrieval
Dataset
Dataset
Engines
Message
Broker
Tape
Database
File
System Pickup
area
NEXT System Overview
file
transfer
Database
18 SWW –Apr 2014
Data Collect
and Extract Function: User
interface to
select data
time/type and
load to database
NEXT Function:
Acquire data
from archive
RT Data
Processing
System Function:
Process real-
time data into
operational
products
RT Data
Ingest and
Local
Buffer Function:
Acquire real
time data
Non-RT Data Function:
Acquire
processed
satellite data
products from
SWPC
CLASS
GOES-R GRB
GOES-R PDA
POES
RT USERS
Product
Packaging
and
Distribution Function:
External RT
user and
Archive
Data
Display and
Extract Function: Data
plot services
and product
extract
Analysis
Tools Function:
Cal/Val
support tools
Imagery
Plots and
Output
Oracle
Database
CLASS
Pre-
ingester
DSCOVR
SWPC
Time
Series
Plots and
Output
NGDC Satellite Product Analysis and Distribution
Enterprise System (Phase 4 – GOES-R Ops)
FY15
Satellite Product
Analysis & Distribution
Enterprise System
(SPADES)
NOAA Space Weather
19 SWW –Apr 2014
Future Plans
20 SWW –Apr 2014
Case 1 – Galaxy-15
Orbit: Geosynchronous
Anomaly Date:
05 April 2010 @09:48
Probable Cause:
Internal Charging/ESD
Case 2 – SkyTerra-1
Orbit: Geosynchronous
Anomaly Date:
07 March 2012 @14:43
Probable Cause:
Single-Event Upset
Case 3 – NPP/VIIRS
Orbit: Polar LEO
Anomaly Date:
Various
Probable Cause:
Single-Event Upsets
Space Weather Team Satellite Anomaly Assessments
21 SWW –Apr 2014
Satellite Anomaly Environmental Assessment
Mission: Identify, Assess and Mitigate the Deleterious Effects
of Space on Satellite Survivability and Operations
Actions:
Develop software capability and supporting infrastructure FY-14/15
Establish ISO standards for “worst-case” environments as requested by U.S. satellite manufacturers.
Provide post-mortem environmental assessments for satellite failure review boards. Recent assessments1 have been conducted for Galaxy-15, SkyTerra-1 and VIIRS.
.
Satellite anomalies are often caused by environmental effects. NGDC will support the development of environmental “packages” to aid assessment teams.
Space Environment Anomalies Expert
System Real-Time (SEAESRT)2
22 SWW –Apr 2014
NESDIS AA
OSPO
DAA
Satellite
Ground
Services
Office (SGS)
National
Environ-
mental
Information
Office (NEIO)
STAR GOES-R JPSS
Projects,
Planning &
Analysis
Office (PPA)
System Architecture &
Advanced Planning Office
(SAAP)
New organizational elements
DAAS
Data Center Consolidation
Restructured (Formally Office of Systems Development)
NESDIS Organization Strengthening NESDIS
Corporate
Services
23 SWW –Apr 2014
NGDC provides stewardship, archive, and access for a
variety of operational space weather data and products from
NOAA’s existing fleet of environmental satellites (GOES and
POES/MetOp)
A new generation of GOES (R/S/T/U) is coming and will
continue to acquire GEO measurements through 2036
An operational L1 satellite will join the archive in 2015
After POES/MetOp there are no planned operational (or
otherwise) satellites acquiring particle/radiation data in LEO
– possible AF initiative (HEALER – Joe Mazer/Aerospace)
New near-term NOAA operational sources of space weather
data include DSCOVR at the L1 Lagrange location and
COSMIC-II in LEO – Sunjammer and DSCOVR follow-on
are also in the mix
NGDC has made a significant investment in infrastructure to
better serve the space weather community.
Summary – Take-Aways
24 SWW –Apr 2014
Thank You!
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