2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥4
AhcpsS IqSnbmtemN\Ifn¬ an°Xnepw
bmsXmcp \∑bpan√. Zm\[¿aw sNøp∂Xntem \√
Imcy߃°mtbm P\߃°nSbn¬ cRvPn∏p
≠m°p∂Xnt∂m IqSnbmtemN\ sNøp∂hcp
tSsXmgn®v. A√mlphns‚ Xr]vXn At\zjn®v
sIm≠v Bsc¶nepw Aßs\bp≈ IpSnbmtemN\
sNøp∂Xmbm¬ \mw Ah∂v alØmb {]Xn^ew
\¬Ip∂XmWv.(4:115)
Xncp\_n(k)bp sS ASp°¬ Hcmƒ Xs‚
lrZbØns‚ ImTn\ysØ∏‰n k¶Sw ]d™p.
Hcp A\mY Ip´nsb emfn°phm\pw AKXn°v
Blmcw \¬Im\pw \_n (k) At±lsØ
D]tZin°pIbp≠mbn (X_dm\n)
sFIyw AYhm ssa{Xn F‰hpw AaqeyamWv. a‰v bmsXmcp
am¿tKWbpw ZqcoIcn°m≥ km[ya√mØ hn]Øp
Itfbpw at‰Xv D]mbw aqehpw ]cnlcn°m≥ IgnbmØ
hnjaXItfbpw sFIyw aptJ\ hnPbn°m≥
km[n°p∂XmWv F∂Xv B¿°pw tKm]yamb kwKXnb√.
AXpsIm≠v sFIyØns‚ A\p{KloX ^eßfn¬
\n∂pw \mw \sΩ AI‰n°fbp∂Xv Hcn°epw
_p≤n]q¿hIambncn°n√. (ssa{Xo ktμiw)
sFIyaXyw alm_ew
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥5
temI kam[m\w C∂v cmjv{SßfpsS hnjbambn´mWv N¿®sNøs∏Sp∂Xv.
cmjv{SsØ°mƒ kam[m\Øn∂v ssPh_‘ap≈Xv hy‡nIfpsS Iq´mbvabmb
kaqlhpambn´mWv. ̀ qanbpw AXn¿Ønbpw ]cam[nImchpw ]´mfhpap≈XmWv cmjv{Sw.
kΩ¿± tijnbpw kwlmc i‡nbpap≈ cmjv{Sw Ir{Xnahpw a\pjycm¬ \n¿an°s∏´
a\pjycpsS ÿm]\hpamWv. F∂m¬ kaqlw {]IrXnbpsS Hcp ss\k¿KnI
krjvSnbmWv. _enjvTamb k∂mlßfpw ]cam[nImchpap≈ cmjv{S߃°v
lrZbØns‚ DZmØ `mhhpambn _‘s∏´ kam[m\w hy‡nbntem kaqlØntem
sIm≠p hcphm≥ km[ya√. a\pjys‚ `uXnIt£ahpw AXpambn _‘s∏´ hn`n∂
kXzt_m[hpap≈ c≠v cmjv{S߃ ASpØSpØv \n¬°ptºmƒ AXn¿ØnIƒ
kwL¿j `cnXamhp∂p. {]Xy£amb kwL¿jØn\v AXv hgn sXfnbn°pIbpw
sNøp∂p. C∂v kam[m\w ]pecm≥ D`b cmjv{S߃ am{Xw B{Kln®m¬ t]mc. temIw
apgph≥ hebw sNbvXv \n¬°p∂ h≥ i‡nIfpsS Bio¿hmZhpw a‰p ]e
k¶o¿Æamb LSIßfpw A\pIqemhÿbpw AXn\p≠mhWw. kam[m\Øn\p
th≠n ka¿∏n°s∏´ BtKmf ÿm]\amb sFIycmjv{S k`sb
t\m°pIpØnbm°nsIm≠pw h≥i‡nIfpsS CwKnXØn∂v A\pIqeam°nXo¿Øpw
temIØv kwL¿jw hfcpIbmWv. A[nImchpw i‡nbpap≈ cmjv{Sw a\pjys‚
`uXnI t£aw am{Xw apJyambpw e£yam°p∂p. AXvsIm≠pXs∂ Aim¥nbpw
kwL¿jhpw AXns‚ Dt]m¬∏∂ßfmWv. kam[m\w as‰mcp `qanIbn¬ \n∂mWv
Bcw`nt°≠Xv.
Ckvemans‚ G‰hpw {]nbs∏´ BZ¿iamWv kam[m\w. Ckvemw F∂ ]ZØn∂v
kam[m\w F∂mWv A¿Yw. ssZhkvacWbp≈ a\pjy lrZbamWv kam[m\Øns‚
A[njvTm\ambn Ckvemw ImWp∂Xv. (Ahcs{X) hnizkn°pIbpw A√mlphns‚
kvacW aqew a\ am[m\w {]m]n°pIbpw sNbvXh¿. AdnbpI; A√mlphns‚
kvacW sIm≠v am{Xta a\ am[m\w ssIhcnIbp≈p.(13:29) bYm¿∞ apkvenwIsf
t]mse kam[m\w Imw£n°p∂ \nch[n a\pjy kvt\lnIƒ temIØp≠vv.
BXvaobhpw [m¿anIhpamb bYm¿Y aqey߃ BZ¿ißfmbn kzoIcn®m¬ am{Xta
a\pjy lrZbØnepw kaqlØnepw imizX kam[m\w ssIhcnIbp≈q F∂h¿
IcpXp∂p.
bYm¿YØn¬ kam[m\w F∂Xv a\pjys‚ Cl]c PohnXØns‚ ka{KXbn¬
km¿YIamIp∂ Hcp BibamWv. kIe a\pjycpw A\p`hn®dnbp∂ Hcp
A\ntj[ybmYm¿YyamWv acWw. £WnIamb a\pjys‚ `qanbnse PohnX
{]bmWØns‚ s]mcpfpw e£yhpw ad∂p sIm≠pw aqey߃ _enIgn®p sIm≠pw
\izcamb Cu temIØn\v th≠n \mw F{X henb hocytØmsSbmWv s]mcpXp∂Xv!.
tbiphns‚ Hcp D]am hN\w {i≤n°pI: ̀ qanbn¬ \nt£]߃ \n\°mbn kw`cn®p
sh°cpXv. AhnsS Ahsb IoSßfpw Xpcpºpw Xn∂p \in∏n°pw I≈∑m¿
IpØn°h¿∂v sIm≠p t]mIpIbpw sNøpw. IoSßfpw Xpcpºpw Xn∂p
\in∏n°mØXpw I≈∑m¿ Ih¿® \SØmØXpamb kz¿KØn¬ \n\°mbn
\nt£]߃ IcpXn sh°pI. ImcWw \ns‚ \nt£]w FhnsStbm
AhnsSbmbncn°pw \ns‚ lrZbhpw.(aØm:6:19) hyIvXnIfn¬ \n∂pw Bcw`n°p∂
Cu imizX kam[m\Øns‚ Nn¥Iƒ `uXnI temIw sh´n∏nSn°m\p≈
AXym¿∞nbpw A[nImcØns‚ Zpcbpambpw _‘s∏´X√. temIkam[m\Øns‚
kz¿Kob thcpIƒ ssZhNn¥bpambn _‘s∏´XmWv. hy‡nIfpw kaqlhpw
cmjv{Shpw Cu kXyw a\ nem°n AsXmcp {]ÿm\ambn hf¿ØnsbSp°pIbpw
thWw. F¶n¬ am{Xta imizX im¥n temIØn\v ssIhcn°m≥ km[n°q. B Hcp
ImeØn\mbn \ap°v {]m¿Yn°pIbpw {]h¿Øn°pIbpw sNømw .
kz¿Kob thcpIfp≈ kam[m\w
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥6
lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)
Blv ! Ckveman-\p-≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Ahÿ
Rms\-ß-s\-bmWv \nßsf ImWn-°p-I. t\m°q!
CXp Xs∂-bmWv _Zv-dns‚ Ime-L-´-sa∂v Rm≥
ho≠pw Xpd∂p ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. Ckveman-\p-ta¬ A[-
]-X-\-Øns‚ Imew h∂p Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬,
AXns\ klm-bn-°m≥ Ct∏mƒ A√mlp hnNm-cn-®p.
Aßs\ Ckvemans\ {]am-W-ß-tfmSpw {]tim-`n-X-
amb sXfn-thm-Spw-IqSn F√m kap-Zm-b-ß-fp-tSbpw aX-
ß-fp-tS-bpw-ta¬ hnP-bn-∏n®p ImWn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n
Ah≥ Fs∂ Ab-®p. A√mlp Xs‚ {]Xm]w shfn-
s∏-S-W-sa∂v Cu A\p-Kr-loX Ime-L-´-Øn¬ B{K-
ln-®p. CXns\ XS-bm≥ Ct∏mƒ Bcp-an-√. BZyw
kzlm-_m-°-fpsS Ime-L-´-Øn¬ \mep khn-ti-j-
Kp-W-ß-fpsS ( d∫v, dlvam≥, dlow, amenIv ) Hcp
{]tXyI tPymXn- v shfn-s∏-́ n-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse, Ct∏mƒ
ho≠pw AtX Ime-L-´hpw ]cn-]m-e-\-Xz-Øns‚
t\chpw h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Ip´nsb thsd am‰n \ndp-
Øm-\mWv A⁄-\mb FXn-cmfn B{K-ln-°p-∂-Xv.
F∂m¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ ]cn-]m-e\Xzw AXm-{K-ln-°p-
∂n-√. ag-t]mse Ahs‚ ImcpWyw h¿jn-®p-sIm-≠n-
cn-°p-∂p. Zo\ns‚ klm-bn-I-sf∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ Cu
aue-hn-am¿ FXn¿Øp-sIm≠v A√m-lp-hns‚ {]Im-
isØ Du-Xn-s°-Sp-Øm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. F∂m¬,
Cu {]Imiw A√mlp B{K-ln-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse
]q¿Øn-bmbn \ne-\n-ev°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.
\nß-fpsS \_n acn-®p-t]m-sb∂pw Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂
\_n Cukm am{X-am-sW∂pw ibvXzms‚ kv]¿i-\-
Øn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-´Xv akolv am{X-am-sW∂pw
akolv acn -® -hsc Pohn -∏n -®p -sh∂pw AXn\p
Dt]m¬_-e-I-ambn akolv ]£nsb krjvSn-°m-dp-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw ]mXncn NmSn-sb-gp-t∂‰p ]d-bp-
tºmƒ Ch¿ kt¥m-jn-°p-∂p. AXw-Ko-I-cn-°p-∂p.
GI-ssZh hnizm-kn-bmb Hcmƒ Fs‚-b-SpØp h∂p.
Rm≥ Abm-tfmSp tNmZn-®p, akolv ]£n-Isf
krjvSn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-ht√? Ct∏mƒ Ah s]cp-
In-bn-́ p-≠m-Ip-at√m? A√m-lp-hns‚ ]£n-I-tfbpw Cu-
km-bpsS ]£n-I-tfbpw Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-bptam?
Abmƒ ]d-™p, IqSn-°-e¿∂p-t]m-bn! C{]-Imcw
C°q-́ ¿ ako-lns\ ]IpXn ssZh-Xz-hm-Zn-bm°n sh®n-
cn-°p-∂p.
AXp-t]mse Xs∂ C°q-´¿ Z÷m-ens\ kw_-
‘n®v hniz-kn-®p-h-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv acn-®-hsc Pohn-
∏n°pw, AXp sNøpw, CXp sNøpw Fs∂m-s°-bm-
Wv. Atlm IjvSw! hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ em CemlC√-√mlv F∂ hmƒsIm≠v ssZh-Øns‚ khn-tij
KpW-ß-fp-s≠∂v hniz-kn-°p∂ hy¿Y-amb ssZh-ß-
sf-sbms° h[n-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ Cu Z÷m¬ Fhn-
sS-∂mWv ]pd-s∏´p h∂Xv? hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\nse
^mXnl F∂ A[ym-b-Øn¬ blq-Zn -bm-°p-∂-
Xn¬\n∂pw {InkvXym-\n-bm°p-∂-Xn¬\n-∂pw c£-s∏-
Sm≥ ZpB ]Tn-∏n-®p. Z÷m-ens‚ Imcyw A√m-lp-hn\v
Hm¿abp-≠m-bnt√? CXv F{X-am{Xw henb ^nXv\-
bmWv? C°q-´-cpsS _p≤n ac-hn-®p-t]mbn F∂-XmWv
hmkvX-hw.
C°q-´¿ Cßs\ Ckvem-ans\ \nμn-°m≥ Xev]-c-
cm-b-t∏mƒ C∂m \lv\p \ ¬\±nIvd h C∂m elqelm-^n-fq≥ F∂ Xs‚ hmKvZm-\-a-\p-k-cn®v hnip-≤-
Jp¿-Bs‚ alXzw \ne-\n-dp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n 14-˛mw
\q‰m-≠ns‚ Xe-bv°¬ Fs∂ Ab-®p. GXp-co-Xn-
bnemWv Ahs‚ AS-bm -f -߃ {]Xy -£-s∏-
´psIm≠ncn-°p-∂-sX∂v Ch¿ ImWp-∂nt√? kqcy-N{μ
{Kl-W-߃ da-fm-\n¬ D≠m-bn. At∏mƒ alvZn \ne-
hn-ep-≠m-Im-Xn-cns° , alvZn-bpsS AS-bmfw ]q¿Øn-
bm-Ip-∂-sX-ßs\? A√m-lp-hn\v NXn-]-‰n-sb-∂mtWm?
H´Iw D]-tbm-K-an-√m-Ø-Xm-bn´pw akolv h∂n√!
BIm-iØpw ̀ qan-bnepw AS-bm-f-߃ ]pe¿∂p. htc-
≠-bmƒ hc-W-sa∂v Ime-Øns‚ Ah-ÿbpw Bh-
iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. F∂m¬, Ch¿ \ntj-[n-®p-sImt≠
t]mIp∂p! htc-≠-bmƒ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. h∂-bmsf
\ntj-[n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw tImem-l-e-߃ D≠m-°p-
∂-Xp-sIm≠pw H∂pw kw -̀hn-°m≥ t]mIp-∂n-√. C°q-
´-cpsS ioew F∂pw Cßs\ Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
A√mlp ]d™ Imcy-߃ kXy -am-Wv. AXv ]pe-cp-
I-Xs∂ sNøpw. (-a¬^q-ZmØv , hmfyw 1, t]Pv 432-
˛433, ]pXnb ]Xn-∏v)
Rm≥ A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v h∂-h≥
bpKi_vZw
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥7
Hm¿an-°p-I. C_vdm-loapw Ckvam-
Cuepw B {]tXyI aμn-c-Øns‚
Aÿn-hmcw ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øp-Ibm-bn-
cp-∂-t∏mƒ, (A-h¿ {]m¿Yn-®p); Rß-
fpsS \mYm Rß-fn¬ \n∂p (Cu
tkh-\-w) kzoI-cn-t°-W-ta. \n›-b-
ambpw F√mw tIƒ°p-∂-h\pw
\∂mbn Adn-bp-∂-h\pw \o Xs∂-bm-
W-s√m.
Rß-fpsS \mYm. \o Rß-fn-cp-h-
scbpw \ns∂ A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-h-cm-°p-
Ibpw Rß-fpsS k¥-Xn-I-fn¬ \n∂v
\ns∂ A\p-k-cn-°p∂ Hcp kap-Zm-
bsØ Fgpt∂¬∏n-°p-Ibpw sNtø-
W-ta. R߃°v Rß-fpsS Bcm-[-
\m-hn-[-߃ \o ImWn-®p-X-tc-W-ta.
Rß-fpsS t\sc Xu_ kzoI-cn-®p-
sIm≠v Imcp-Wy-tØmsS Xncn-tb-W-
ta. \n›-b-ambpw hf-sc-b-[nIw
Xu_ kzoI-cn-°p-∂-h\pw Icp-Wm-a-
b\pw \o X-s∂-bm-W-t√m.
Rß-fpsS \mYm. Ah¿°v \ns‚
ZrjvSm-¥-߃ hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-
Ibpw {KŸhpw XØz-⁄m-\hpw ]Tn-
∏n-°p-Ibpw Ahsc ip≤o-I-cn-°p-
Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp ZqXs\ \o Ah-
cn¬ \n∂v Fgp-t∂¬∏n-t°-W-ta.
Xo¿®-bmbpw {]Xm-]-im-enbpw AKm-
[-⁄m-\nbpw \o Xs∂-bm-Ip-∂p.
(hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ 2:128˛130)
Cu Bb-Øp-I -fn¬ hn\ -
bØns‚bpw XymKØns‚bpw
Bflm¿YXbpsSbpw amXrIbpw
{]m¿Y\bpamWv ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. AtX-
t]mse Xs‚ hcpw Xe-apd A√m-lp-
hp-ambn _‘-s∏´v \n¬°Ww F∂
A`n-em-jhpw, P\-ßsf A√m-lp-hn-
te°v sIm≠p-t]m-Im-\p≈ am¿K-tc-
Jbpw, A√m-lp-hns‚ Zmk-cm-bn-Øo-
cm -\p≈ A`n -hmRvPbpw CXn¬
Dƒs∏Sp∂p.
BZy Bb-Øn¬ lZvdØv C_vdm
low (A), lZvdØv Ckvam-Cu¬ (A)
F∂n-h¿ sNbvX AXn-a-l-Ømb
XymKsØbmWv kvacn -°p -∂-X v .
C_vdmloapw CkvamCuepw IAv_
aμn -c -Øn¬ Hmtcm CjvSn -Ibpw
ÿ m ] n ® p s I m ≠ n c p ∂ t ∏ m ƒ
A√mlp ]d™Xv Cu tKl-Øns‚
]Wn ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-°-gn-™m¬ ]nXm-
hn-s\bpw aI-s\bpw AXn-\p-ti-j-ap-
≠m-Ip∂ a°-sfbpw Cu acp-{]-tZ-
iØv Fs∂-t∂-°p-ambn Xma-kn-
∏n°pw F∂m-Wv. aI-t\mSv ]d-bp-∂Xv
Cu acp-{]-tZ-i-Øv, Cu hoSns‚ at\m-
lm-cnX \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn-∂mbn \o
C\n Chn -sS -Øs∂ hkn -°Ww
F∂m-Wv. A√m-lp-hns‚ hcn-jvT-Zm-
k-cmb Ccp -h¿°pwXs∂ Hcp
ImeØv temI-P-\-ß-fpsS tI{μw
CXmbnØocp-sa∂ ssZh-hm-KvZm-\-
Øn¬ ASn-bp-d® hnizm-k-ap-≠m-bn-cp-
∂p. F∂m¬ CsX√mw F∂mWv
kw`-hn-°pI F∂Xv B¿°-dn-bmw.
B ka-bØv shdpw XymKw H∂v am{X-
amWv I≠n-cp-∂-Xv. F∂n´pw hfsc
hn\oXcm-bn-s°m≠v A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv
C{]-Imcw {]m¿Yn-°p-∂Xv t\m°p-I.
A√m-lpth \n\-°p-th≠nbp≈ Cu
{]hrØn-Iƒ R߃ sNøp-∂Xv
\ns‚ ^fv¬ H∂p-sIm≠v am{X-am-Wv.
AXp-sIm≠v Rß-fpsS Cu XymKw
\o kzoI-cn-®m-epw. R߃ sNbvXn-cn-
°p∂ Cu {]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ Hcp-hn[
hen-∏-Ø-chpw R߃ {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-
∂n-√. CXn-\p≈ {]Xn-^-e-Øn-\p≈
Ah-Imiw R߃°n-√. ZpB
tIƒ°p∂ A√m-lp-th! \o Rß-
fpsS ZpBIƒ tI´m-epw. Rß-fpsS
ssIhiw Fs¥m-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂pthm
AsX√mw R߃ sNehp sNbvXp.
C\nbpw R߃ Ign-bp∂ XymK-߃
sNøp-∂-Xm-sW∂v hm°v Xcp-∂p.
Rß-fpsS k¥m-\-ßfpw Cu XymK-
Øn¬ ]¶m-fn -I-fm -I-W-sa-∂mWv
R߃ B{K-ln-°p-∂-Xv. Cu Hcp
ZpB-bmWv Ccp-hcpw sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xv.
XpS¿∂v A√m-lp-hns\ kwt_m-
[\ sNbvXp -sIm≠v ]d -bp -∂p.
R߃ Rß-fpsS lrZ-b-Øns‚
bYm¿Y Ahÿ \ns‚ ka£w
ka¿∏n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. \o F√mw Adn-
bp-∂-h-\m-Wv. R߃ sNøp-∂-sX√mw,
R߃ ]d-bp-∂sX√mw \o Adn-bp-
∂p. R߃ sNøp-∂-sX√mw \ns‚
{]oXn°pth-≠n-bm-Wv. \o Rß-fpsS
Cu XymKsØ kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v
CXns\ \ns‚ `h\am°n amt‰-W-ta.
\ns‚ `h\w ChnsS D≈-Xp-sIm≠v
Cu acp-{]-tZiw P\-\n-_n-V-am-bn-Øo-
c-s´. R߃ \ns‚ I¬]\ tI´v
R߃°v a\- n-em-b-X-\p-k-cn®v
\ns‚ `h\w \n¿an-®p. CXv P\-hm-
k-tI-{μ-ambnØocm-\mWv RßfnXv
sNbvX-Xv. F∂m¬ CXns‚ bYm¿Y
P\-hmkw \ns‚ ^fvep-ambn _‘-
s∏-´-Xm-Wv. Cu tKlsØ _mly-
amb \ne-bn¬ P\-hm-k-ap-≈-Xm-°n-
Øo¿°p-∂-h¿°pw \o \n∂n-te°v
FØn-t®-cm≥ Ign-bp∂ Dƒ°mgvN
\¬tI-W-ta. Bflo-b-X-bn¬ Ahsc
hf¿Øp-∂-Xm-t°-W-ta.
Npcp -°-Øn¬ apkvenw-I-fpsS
akvPn-Zp-Iƒ Cu Hcp Bflm-thm-Sp-Iq-
Sn-bmWv \n¿an-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Aß-s\-
bmWv BtI-≠-Xv. AX-√msXbp≈
at\m-l-c- sI-´n-S-߃°v Hcp ÿm\
bqtdm∏n¬ akvPnZv \n¿amWØnep≈ IpXn∏v
(27˛04˛2012 \v Jeo^Øp¬
akolv ss_Øp¬ Aam≥
akvPnZn¬ (e≠≥) \n¿hln®
PpapA JpXzv-_-bp-sS- kw-{Klw.)
lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv (AøZlp)
Jeo^Øp¬ akolv
JpXzv_
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥8
hpan√. at\m-l-c-amb akvPn-Zp-Iƒ
\n¿an-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. F∂m¬ AXn¬
Cu Bflmhv ImWn-√. akvPnZv \n¿am-
W-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\ e£yw AXn¬
ImWn-√.
Xncp-\_n (k) ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn.
akvPn-Zp-I-fn¬ A[nIamb sImØp-]-
Wn-Iƒ ]mSn-√. a‰p aX-ÿ¿ Ah-
cpsS Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ß-fn¬ sImØp-
]-Wn-Iƒ sNøm-dp-≠v. F∂m¬ cmPm-
°-∑mcpw kº-∂cpw \n¿an® ]e
]≈n -I -fnepw sImØp-] -Wn -Iƒ
\ap°v ImWm≥ km[n-°p-∂p. Nne
akvPn-Zp-Ifn¬ cmPm-°-∑m¿ kz¿Ww
hsc ]qip-I-bp-≠m-bn. kz¿Ww ]qip-
Itbm AXnse sImØp-]-Wn-Itfm
A√ AXns‚ kuμ-cyw.
akvPn-Zp-I-fpsS kuμcyw AXns\
P\-km-{μ-am -°p-∂-Xn -em -Wp≈-Xv.
A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXn°v th≠n-am-{X-
ap≈ P\-߃ AXn¬ \nd-b-Ww.
lZvdØv apkvenlv auDuZv (d) Hcp
ÿeØv hnh-cn-°p-∂p. Rm≥ Hcn-
°¬ Ad_n \m´n¬ t]mbn-cp-∂p.
(ankvdn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv F∂v
tXm∂p∂p.) Ahn-sS-bp≈ at\m-l-c-
amb Hcp henb akvPn-Zn¬ t]mb-
t∏mƒ \a-kv°-cn-°p∂ \me©v Bfp-
Iƒ Hcp aqe -bn¬ t]mbn \a -
kv°cn°p∂Xmbn I≠p. CsX-¥m-
sW∂v Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ Ahn-
SsØ Camw ]d-™p; P\-߃ \a-
kv°m-c-Øn-\mbn hcm-dn-√. \mWw-sIm-
≠mWv anAv-dm-_n¬ \n∂v \a-kv°-cn-
°m-Ø-Xv. C{X henb at\m-l-c-amb
]≈n-bn¬ \me©v t]sc I≠v hcp∂
Bfp-Iƒ F¥v [cn°pw F∂v Icp-Xn-
bmWv AXv sNøm-Ø-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v
Cu aqe-bn¬ h∂v R߃ \a-kv°-
cn-°pw. Bsc-¶nepw h∂m¬ icn-
°p≈ \a-kv°mcw Ign-s™∂pw CXv
]n∂oSv h∂hcmWv \a-kv°-cn-°p-∂-
sX∂pw a\- n -em -°n -s°m-≈pw.
F∂m¬ as‰mcp Ah-ÿbpw D≠v.
akvPn-Zn¬ P\-߃ \√-Xp-t]mse
t]mIp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw ]≈n \nd-bp-∂p-
s≠-¶nepw akvPn -Zn¬ t]mIp∂
Hcmƒ°p-≠m-tI≠ Bfl-ssNX\yw
Ah-cn¬ D≠m-Ip-I-bn-√. ̀ uXnI Nn¥
Ahsc Ft∏mgpw Iogvs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-
≠n-cn-°pw. A√m-lp-hn-te°v ]q¿W-
ambpw Ah¿ Xncn-bp-∂n-√.
AXp-sIm≠v \mw akvPnZv \n¿an-
°p-tºmƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ apºn¬
Ipºn-tS-≠-Xm-Wv. Ahs‚ {]oXn Ic-
ÿ-am-°p-∂-h-cmbn \mw amd-Ww.
akvPnZv \n¿Ωn-°p-∂n-\mbn \mw
ka¿∏n® XymK-Øn\v A√m-lp-hn-
t\mSv \μnbp≈-h-cm-bn -Øo-cp -I.
AXn¬ Hcn-°epw Al-¶-cn-°m≥
]mSn-√. ImcWw \mw sNøp∂ Cu
XymK-߃ lZvdØv Ckvam-Cu¬
(A) sNbvX XymK-Øns‚ e£-Øn¬
Hcwiw t]mep-an-√.
\mw [\-Xym-K-amWv s]mXp-hn¬
sNøm-dp-≈-Xv. AXpw \ΩpsS Ign-h-
\p-k-cn-®v. C∂sØ Cu temIØv
CXpw henb XymKw Xs∂-bm-Wv. \√
Dt±-i-Øn-\mb [\-XymKw henb
Imcyw-X-s∂-bm-Wv. \ΩpsS B{K-l-
ß-sf√mw am‰n-sh-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv Cu
[\-XymKw sNøp -∂-X v . ]≈n
\n¿amWw F∂Xv XnI®pw «mL-
\obw Xs∂. Xncp-\_n (k) C°m-cy-
Øn -te -°v ]e-t∏m -gmbn {i≤
£Wn®n-́ p-≠v. A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬
Cß-s\-bp-≈-h¿ {]Xn-^ew Ic-ÿ-
am-°pw. A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-{K-l-
Øm¬ ]m›mXy \mSp-I-fnse Pam-A-
Øn¬ C°m-cy-Øn-te°v hf-sc-b-
[nIw {i≤ Xncn-™n-´p-≠v. akvPn-Zp-
Iƒ \n¿an-°-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
Xß-fpsS B{K-l-߃ Nne¿ ]q¿W-
ambpw am‰n-Øn-cp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
an®w hcp∂ XpI-b√ Ah¿ sNehp
sNøp-∂-Xv. Xßsf {]bm-k-Øn¬
kzbw AI-s∏-SpØn hsc XymKw
sNøp-∂p. F∂ncp∂mepw C°m-cy-
Øn¬ Al-¶-cn-°-cps-X∂ Imcyw
\mw Hm¿t°-≠XmWv.
Cu akvPn-Zns‚ \n¿am-W-Øn¬
GI-tZiw 12 e£w ]u≠v sNe-hm-
bn-´p-≠v. 1.2 an√y¨ ]u≠v. Chn-sS-
bp≈ Pam -A-ØmWv C{Xbpw
hmKvZm\w sNbvX-Xv. 75 iX-am\w hsc
AS-®p-Xo¿°p-Ibpw sNbvXp Ign-
™p. 80000, 75000 ]u≠v hsc
\¬Inbhcp≠v. Nne¿ henb
XymK߃ sNbvXn-́ p-≠v.15000, 20000,
30000, ]u≠v \¬In-b-hcpw D≠v.
]Xn-s\m∂v Bfp-I-fpsS hmKv
Zm\w Rm≥ t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ AXp-
Xs∂ aq∂v e£-Øn\v apI-fn¬
t]mIpw. C°m-esØ {]Xn-Iqe
kml-N-cy-Øn¬ Pam-A-Øn-\p-th≠n
sNøp∂ Cu XymKw XnI®pw `mcn-®-
Xp-X-s∂. F∂n-cp-∂mepw F√m XymK-
ßfpw \sΩ hn\-bm-\zn-X-cm-°-Ww.
CsX√mw D≠m-bn-cns° A√mlp
\ΩpsS apºmsI hnh-cn® DZm-l-cWw
sh®p t\m°ptºmƒ \ΩpsS XymK-
߃ Xp—-am-Wv. Cu XymK-߃°v
^e-ap-≠m-I-W-sa-¶n¬ akvPn-Zp-Isf
P\-hm-k-ap-≈-Xm°n am‰-Ww.
a° P\-hm-k-an-√mØ acp-{]-tZ-i-
am-bn-cp-∂p. Ahn-sS-bmWv A√m-lp-
hns‚ hoSv \n¿an -°-s∏-´ -Xv. Cu
bqtdm]y≥ \mSp-Iƒ Bflo-b-ambn
t\m°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Xcn-ip-`q-an-bm-
Wv. Chn-sSbpw P\-\n-_nV-am-°p-
Ibpw lcn-Xm-` -am°n am‰p -Ibpw
sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. Cu e£y-Øn-\p-
th≠nbmWv bqtdm-∏n¬ \mw akvPnZv
\n¿an-°p-∂-Xv.
AXp-sIm≠v Cu Hcp al¬{]-
hrØn Ft∏mgpw \mw ap∂n¬ ImtW-
≠-Xm-Wv. Ppap-B°v th≠n am{Xw
akvPnZv \nd-®m¬ Imcy-ambn√. a‰p \a-
kv°m-c-Øns‚ lmP¿ \nebpw h¿≤n-
°-Ww.
\ΩpsS [\-XymKw kzoIm-cy-am-Ip-
∂Xv A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv C{]-Imcw ZpB
sNøp-tºm-gm-Wv. A√m-lpth! \o CXv
kzoI-cn -®p -sIm≠v R߃°v
Bflob A`n-hr≤n \¬tI-W-ta. Cu
akvPn-Zns\ \nd-°p-hm≥ Xu^oJpw
\¬tI-W-ta. ImcWw Cu akvPnZv
\n¿an-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv \ns∂ am{Xw Bcm-
[n-°m-\m-sW∂ hkvXpX \o Adn-bp-
∂p. Bflo-b-X-bn¬ A`n-hr≤n
ssIh-cn-°p-∂-hsc Cu {]tZ-iØv \o
\nd-°p-Ibpw sNtø-W-ta. \ns‚
kvac-W-bm¬ \nd-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bmWv
Cu akvPnZv \n¿an-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
Rß-fpsS XymK-߃ kzoI-cn-®p-
sIm≠v Rßsf \ns‚ kmao]yw Ic-
ÿ-am-°p∂ Bflob ÿm\-sØ-Øn-
t°-W-ta. \ns‚ A\p-{K-l-߃ Ic-
ÿ-am -°n -s°m≠v \ns‚ kz¿K-
Øns‚ Ah-Im-in-I-fmbn R߃ amd-
s´.
lZo-kn¬ hcp-∂p. apkv\Zv Alva-
Zn_v\p lºen¬ h∂ lZo-km-Wv.
Xncp-\_n (k) Acp-fn. Jnbm-aØv
Znhkw ds∫ A -h-P¬ ]d-bpw.
A\p-Kr-lo-X¿ Bcm-bn-cn°pw F∂v.
At∏mƒ P\-߃ DSs\ Adn-bpw.
P\-߃ tNmZn-®p. bmd-kq-ep-√mlv
A\p-Kr-lo-X¿ Bcm-Wv. akvPn-Zp-I-
fn¬ ZnIvdns‚ aPven-kp-Iƒ kwL-Sn-
∏n-°p-∂-h¿.
_pJm -cn -bn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp
lZokv lZvdØv A_q-lp-ssdd (d)
hnh-cn-°p-∂p. \_n (k) Acp-fn.
cmhn-sebpw sshIp-t∂-chpw akvPn-
Zn¬ t]mIp-∂-h¿°mbn kz¿K-Øn¬
A√mlp AXnYn k¬°m-c-Øn-\p≈
Hcp-°-߃ sNbvXp-sh-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥9
AXp-sIm≠v \ΩpsS akvPn-Zp-Iƒ
`‡n-bp-sSbpw A\p-{K-l-Øn-s‚bpw
\ne-hmcw Ic-ÿ-am-°p-∂-Xmbn amd-
Ww. A√m-lp -hns‚ ]°¬ Cu
akvPnZpw AXn¬ hcp∂hcpw A√m-
lp-hns‚ {]nb-cmbn amd-s´. Ah¿
A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXn Ic-ÿ-am-°p-∂-
h -cmbn amd -s´. kz¿K-Øn¬
A√mlphns‚ AXnYn k¬°m-c-
Øn¬ Dƒs∏Sp-∂-h-cm-bn-Øo-cs´.
Cu e£y-tØmsS akvPn-Zp-Ifn¬
\akvImcw \n¿hln -°p -∂-h¿
`mKyhm∑m -cm -Wv . Ah¿ B
temIsØ kz¿K-Øns‚ am{Xw Ah-
Im-in-I-f√ Bhp-I. Cu temIsØ
kz¿K-Øns‚ Ah-Im-in-I-fp-ambn
amdp-∂p.
Npcp-°-Øn¬ BcpsS lrZ-b-
amtWm kwXr-]vX-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xv
Ah¿°v CXn -s\ -°mfpw henb
P∂Øv GXmWv e`n-°p-I. C°m-
eØv temIw AkzkvY-P-\-I-am-Wv.
ssZhsØ ad-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Cu
Akz-kvY-X. A√m-lp-hns\ Hm¿°p-
∂-hcpw Ahs‚ kvacW Xs‚
\mhn¬ Dcp-hn-́ p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-hcpw
{]bm-k-ß-sfbpw _p≤nap´pIsfbpw
A√m-lp-hn∂v th≠n kln-°p-∂p.
Ahsb A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXn-°p≈
am¿K-am-bn-°-cpXn Xß-fpsS a\- ns\
kwXr-]vXn-bn-em-°p-∂p.
temIØv \q‰p-°-W-°n\v Bfl-l-
Xy-Iƒ \ntXy\ \S-°p-∂p. ImcWw
`uXn -I-amb ZpxJ-߃ Xmßm≥
Ah¿°v Ign-bp-∂n-√. Nne¿°v ̀ uXn-
I -amb a\x - {] -bm -k-߃ henb
BLmXwXs∂ G¬∏n -°p -∂p.
Aßs\ Ah¿°v lrZ -b -kvXw -
`\whsc hcp-∂p. Ign™ Znhkw
]mIn-ÿm-\n¬ \n∂v Btcm F\n°v
IsØ-gp-Xn. AhnsS i‡-amb sImSp-
¶m‰pw Ben-∏gw hogvN-bp-sa√mw \S-
∂p. AXp-Im-cWw Irjn°v `oaamb
-\jvSw kw -̀hn-®p. Hcp I¿j-I≥ Xs‚
Irjn-bn-S-Øn¬ t]mbn. XÆn-a-Øs‚
Irjn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-sb√mw ]q¿W-
ambpw \in-®p-I-gn-™n-cp-∂p. CXv
Abmsf hfsc BLm-X-ta¬∏n-°p-
Ibpw AXv I≠-t∏mƒ Xs∂ lm¿´v
A‰m°v h∂v acn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Cß-s\-bp≈ `uXnI ZpxJ-߃
A√m-lp-hns‚ Bfp-Isf H∂pw
sNøn-√. Ah¿ Hmtcm {]bm-k-߃
hcp-tºm-gpw A√m-lp-hp-ambn IqSp-
X¬ ASp -°p -∂p. hnizmkn
{]bmk߃ D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ A√m-lp-
hns‚ khn-[-Øn¬ h∂v Ft∏mgpw
a\x-im¥n ssIh-cn-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-
∂-Xv.
B-cmtWm Xs‚ \mYs‚
ÿm\sØ Hm¿Øv `b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv
Ah¿°v c≠v kz¿K-ß-fp-≠v. AXp-
sIm≠v A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ Bcm-[\
Ahs\ `b-∂p-sIm≠v sNøp-∂-h¿
a\x-im¥n ssIh-cn-®p-sIm≠v Cu
temIØpw kz¿K-Øns‚ Ah-Im-in-
I-fmbn amdp-∂p. Cu temIsØ
kz¿Kw Hcp hy‡nsb dlvams‚ Zmk-
\m°n am‰n-b-Xp-Im-cWw Ahs\ ASp-
Ø-tem-I-Ønse kz¿K-Øns‚ Ah-
Im-in-bm°n am‰p-∂p.
lZvdØv C_vdmlow (A) Xs‚
`mcy-sbbpw aI-s\bpw Btcmcp
an√mØ acp-̀ q-an-bn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚
I¬]\ \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øm-\mbn Dt]-
£n-®-Xn-\p-ti-jhpw ZpB sNøp-∂Xv
\ns∂ A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-h-\m°n Fs∂
amt‰-Wta F∂m-Wv. k¿hXpw
ssZhØn\mbn \¬In. aIs\bpw
`mcy-tbbpw \¬In. F∂n´pw ]d-bp-
∂Xv ]q¿W-ambpw \ns∂ A\p-k-cn-
°p-∂-h-cn¬ Fs∂ Dƒs∏-Sp-tØ-
Wta F∂v. A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXn-
°mbn aIs\ acp-`q-an-bn¬ Dt]-£n-
°p-∂p. F∂n´pw ]d-bp-∂Xv F√m
I¬∏-\-Ifpw AwKo-I-cn-°p∂hcpw
A\p-k-cn -°p-∂-hcpw kzmXzn -I-cp-
am°n Rßsf amt‰-Wta F∂m-Wv.
Cu Hcp ÿm\-amWv Hcp
hnizmkn Ic-ÿ-am-t°-≠-Xv. Xs‚
\∑-bn¬ Hcn-°epw Al-¶mcw ]mSn-
√. AXns\ B{i-bn-°m\pw ]mSn-√.
Xs‚ XymK-ßsf s]m°n-∏n-Sn-°-cp-Xv.
A√m-lp-hns‚ apºn¬ Ahs\ `b-
∂p-sIm≠v C{]Imcw At]£n°pI:
A√m-lpth! Rß-fpsS {]hrØn-Iƒ
H∂p-a-√. \ns‚ ^fv¬ D≠m-bm¬
R߃°v \√-hcmIm≥ Ignbpw,
\ns‚ ^fv¬ sIm≠v am{Xta
A_vsZ dlvam-\m-bn-Øo-cp-I-bp-≈q.
AXp-sIm≠v Rß-fpsS hn\o-X-amb
Hc-t]-£-bn-Xm. Rßsf \∑-bn¬ Dd-
∏n -®p -\n¿tØ-W-ta. Ft∏mgpw
\nt∂mSv Iqdv ]pe¿Øp-∂-h-\m-t°-W-
ta. \ns‚ {]oXn-bn¬ Ncn-°p-∂-h-
cm°n amt‰-W-ta. Cu Hcp al-Ømb
e£y-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv a\p-jy≥
krjvSn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
R߃°v th≠n am{X -a√
R߃ ZpB sNøp-∂-Xv, Rß-fpsS
a°ƒ°v th≠nbpw R߃ ZpB
Cc-°p-∂p.
-a-°-fn¬ \n∂pw A\p-k-c-W-ap-≈-
hcpw \ns‚ I¬∏-\-Iƒ \S-∏n¬ hcp-
Øp-∂-h-cp -amb Hcp kaq-lsØ
D≠mt°W-ta.
A√m-lp-hns‚ hoSv D≠m-°n-b-Xn-
\p-tijw Xs‚ PohnX Ime-b-f-hn¬
am{X-a√ AXn-s\-°p-dn®v Nn¥n-°p-∂-
Xv. ]d-bp-∂p. CXns\ P\-hm-k-ap-
≈-Xm-°n-sh-°p-∂-Xn\pw Bflo-b-
amb A\p-{K-l-߃ Ic-ÿ-am-°p-∂-
Xn\pw \ns∂ ]cn-]q¿W-ambpw ]n≥]-
‰p-∂-Xn-\mbpw Rß-fpsS k¥m-\-ß-
fn¬ \n∂pw Bfp-Isf D≠m-t°-W-
ta. Hcp hnizmknbpsS ZpB CXm-
bn-Øo-tc-≠-Xm-Wv.
CXn¬ \ap-°p≈ ]mTw CXm-Wv.
akvPn-Zn-t\mSv \ap°v Hgn-hp-≈-t∏m-
gp≈ _‘w am{Xw t]mcm. Xnc-°n-
\n-S-bnepw kabw am‰n-sh®v Chn-tS°v
htc-≠-Xm-Wv. AtX-t]mse \ΩpsS
k¥m-\-߃°pw Cu _‘w D≠m-
bn-Øo-cm-\mbn \mw ]cn-{i-an-t°-≠-Xm-
Wv.
\ΩpsS ]n≥X-e-ap-d-bnse bphm-°-
fnepw Ip´n-I-fnepw C_m-Z-Øns‚
Bthiw D≠m-bn-Øo-c-Ww. AXn-
\mbn {]b-Xv\n-t°-≠-tXm-sSm∏w Hcp
henb am¿Kw ZpB IqSn-bm-Wv. lrZ-
bm -hÿ Adn -bp∂ A√mlp
tIƒ°p-∂-h-\m -Wv. kZp -t± -iy -
tØmsSbp≈ ZpB-Iƒ Ah≥
tIƒ°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v C{]-Imcw
ZpB sNøp-I. C_m-Z-Øn-t\m-Sp≈
Xm¬]cyhpw A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\-
Iƒ \S -∏n¬ hcp -Øm-\p≈
Xm¬]cyhpw Hcp Xe-ap-d°v tijw
ASpØ Xe-apdbnepw hym]n-®p-
sImt≠ t]mI-s´. C_m-Z-Øp-I-fnepw
A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\-Iƒ \S-∏n¬
hcp-Øp-∂-Xnepw Ae-k-cm-sW-¶n¬
]n≥X-e-ap -d -bnepw Cu Ae-kX
{]ISam-bn-cn-°pw.
Npcp-°-Øn¬ Hmtcm akvPn-Zn -
s‚bpw \n¿am-W-tØm-sSm∏w \ΩpsS
I¿a-ßsf hne-bn-cp-Øp-Ibpw ZpB
sNøp-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. AtXm-
sSm∏w \ΩpsS a°sf X¿_n-øØv
sNøm\pw {ian-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
lZvdØv C_vdmlow (A), lZvdØv
Ckvam -Cu¬ (A) F∂n -h -cpsS
{]m¿Y\ \sΩ \ΩpsS X¿_n-ø-Øn-
te°pw C_m-Z-Øn-te°pw {i≤
Xncn-°p-∂p. AtXm-sSm∏w \ΩpsS
k¥m-\-ß-fn¬ D∂X in£-W-aq-ey-
߃ \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn-te°pw {i≤
Xncn-°p-∂p. C_m-Z-Øn-t\msSm∏w
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥10
A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ k¿h IS-a-Ifpw
\nd-th-‰m≥ \mw {i≤n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
Cu Bcm-[-\°pw IS-a-]m-e-\-Øn\pw
tijhpw Xm≥ Iptdsbms°
sNbvXt√m F∂ Al¥ B¿°pw
]mSn-√.
XpS¿∂v ZpB sNøp-∂p. Rß-
fpsS Xu_ \o kzoI-cn-t°-W-ta.
Rß-fn-te°v \o Xncn-tb-W-ta. Rß-
fn¬ \n∂v A√d Nn√d sX‰p-Ip-‰-߃
h∂p-t]m -bn -´p -s≠-¶n¬ Xs∂
R߃°v am∏m-t°-W-ta. \o \n›-
b-ambpw Xu_ kzoI-cn-°p-∂-h\pw
IcpW sNmcn-bp-∂-h-\p-am-Wv.
XpS¿®-bmbn \mw Cu ZpB
sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ akvPn-
Zns‚ \n¿am-tWm-t±iyw ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-
∂-Xm-Wv. A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXn Ic-
ÿ-am-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bp≈ ]cn-{iaw
th≠pw-hn[w sNøm\pw km[n-°p-∂-
Xm-Wv. Xß-fpsS a°-sfbpw Cu
am¿K-Øn¬ hgn-\-S-Øm≥ \ap°v
km[n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. am{X-a√ lZvdØv
C_vdmlnw (A), lZvdØv Ckvam-
Cu¬ (A) F∂n-h-cpsS ZpB-bpsS
kzoIm -cyX aptJ\ A√mlp
temIØv Cd-°nb B D∂XA\p-{K-
l-Øns‚ Ah-Im-in-I-fmbn \mw amdp-
Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. B A\p-{K-l-
߃ temIsØ Xs‚ hcp-Xn-bn¬
sIm≠p-h∂v temIØv al-Ømb
hnπhw kwPm-X-am-°n. AXp-Im-cWw
arX-cm-b-h¿ Pohn-®p. Bflo-b-X-bpsS
Dd-h-Iƒ \n¿K-fn -°m≥ XpS-ßn.
apºmcpw I≠nt´m tI´nt´m C√mØ
coXn-bn¬ Bcm-[-\-I-fpsS ]pXnb
cq]w {]I-S-am-bn. F{X-am-{X-sa-∂m¬
C_m-Z-Øp-I-fpsS Hu∂Xyw {]m]n®
B alm-\mb {]hm-N-I≥ \ntbm-Kn-
X-\m-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. B alm-flm-
hn¬ Bflm¿∞-X-bp-sSbpw Iqdn-
s‚bpw ]q¿ÆX ssIh-cn-I-bp-≠m-bn.
{kjvSm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ IS-abpw ]cn-
]q¿W-amb coXn-bn¬ Ahn-sS-\n∂v
\nd-th-‰n. Aßs\ A√mlphns‚
]°¬ kzoIm-cy-tbm-Ky-\m-bn. CsX-
√mw-Xs∂ ]cn-]q¿W-X-bn¬ FØn-b-
Xp-Im-cWw A√mlp Xs‚ {]hm-N-
I≥ JmØ-ap¬ Aºnb lZvdØv
apl-ΩZv apkvX^ (k) Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSv
Cßs\ {]Jym-]n-°m≥ ]d-™p.
\o {]Jym-]n-°p-I. Fs‚ \a-
kvIm-chpw Fs‚ XymK-ß-fpw, Fs‚
Pohn-Xhpw ac-Whpw F√mw A√m-lp-
hn-\p-≈-Xm-Wv. Ah≥ k¿h-tem-I-]-
cn-]m-e-I-\m-Wv.
Cu alm-\mb {]hm-N-I-\mWv
Jnbm-aØv \mƒhtc-°p-amb k¿h-Im-
e-tØ°pw k¿h kaq-l-Øn-te°pw
h∂ {]hm-N-I≥. AXp-sIm≠v Cu
A\p-{Klw C∂pw XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-
°p-I-bm-Wv. Cu DØa amXrI apºv
{]Im-in-®-Xp-t]mse C∂pw {]Im-in-
®p -sIm-≠n -cn -°p -∂p. Xncp -\_n
(k)bn¬ Cd-ßnb al-Ømb A[ym-
]\w C∂pw hfsc {]`m-h-tØmsS
{]tim`nXam-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
Cu alm-\mb {]hm-N-I\v
A√mlp XBe C°m-eØv bYm¿Y
injys\ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. At±-
lsØ BJ-co-ß-fn¬ \ntbm-Kn-®p-
sIm≠v Xncp -\_n (k) bpsS
{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fmb A√m-lp-hns‚
Bb-Øp-Isf HmXn tIƒ∏n-°¬,
hnip-≤o-I-cn-°¬, {KŸhpw AXns‚
XØz-⁄m-\-ßfpw ]Tn-∏n-°¬ F∂o
{]h¿Ø-\-߃ ho≠pw XpS-¿∂p-
sIm≠ncn°p∂p. Cu bYm¿Y
injys\ AwKo-I-cn-®-h¿ Xß-fpsS
C_m-Z -Øp -I -sfbpw Xß-fpsS
{]h¿Ø-\-ß-sfbpw Xncp-\_n (k)
bpsS amXr-I-b-\p-k-cn®v ]n≥Xp-S-cm≥
{ian-®p-sIm-≠n-cn -°p-∂p. Ah¿
Ckvem-anI A[ym-]-\-ßsf Xß-fn¬
\S-∏n¬ hcp-Øm≥ {ian°p∂p.
CXp-I≠v Alva-Zn-ø-Øns‚ FXn-
cm-fn-Iƒ t]mepw C{]-Imcw ]d-bm≥
\n¿_-‘n-X-cm-bn. Ckvem-ans‚ Pohn-
®n-cn-∏p≈ amXrI Z¿in-t°-W-sa-¶n¬
Chsc t\m°p-I.
\ΩpsS apXn¿∂-h¿ ÿm]n®
DØa ÿm\-am-Wn-Xv. Ah¿ CXp-ap-
tJ\ FXn-cm-fn-I-fpsS hmb AS-∏n-
°pI am{X-a-√ sNbvX-Xv. adn®v
Ckvem-ans‚ PohnX amXrI Alva-
Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ AwK-ß-fn¬
ImWpI F∂v G‰p-]-d-bn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. C∂pw \ΩpsS apºn-ep≈
henb e£yw CXm-Wv. CXv apºn¬
sh®p-sIm≠v temI-Øns‚ \mhn\v
\mw XS-bn-S-Ww. k¬{]-hrØn-I-fn-
eqsS temI-Øn\v Ckvem -ans‚
at\mlcß-fmb A[ym-]-\-ß-fn -
te°v BIr-jvT-cm-°Ww. \ΩpsS
C_m-Z-Øp-Ifpw \a-kv°m-c-ßfpw
aptJ\ \ΩpsS kpPq-Zns‚ CSw
IÆo¿ XS-am-°n-am-‰n A√m-lp-hns‚
^fvep-Isf BI¿jn-∏n-°-Ww. Xß-
tfm-sSm∏w k¥m-\-ß-sfbpw CXns‚
IS-a-Iƒ \nd-th-‰p-∂-h-cm-°n-am-‰n
akvPn -Zp -ambn _‘-s∏-Sp -Ø-Ww.
Aßs\ A√m-lp-hns‚ {]nb-\mb
lZvdØv apl-ΩZv apkvX^ (k) sb
]q¿Æ-amb coXn -bn¬ ]n≥]-‰n -
s°m≠v A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXnsb Ic-
ÿ-am°n \ΩpsS Zp≥bmhpw BJn-
dØpw t\Sp -∂-h -cm -bn \mw am -
dp∂XmWv.
AXp-sIm≠v Cu akvPn -Zns‚
\n¿amWtØmsSm∏w _e-lo-\-cm-b-
h¿ Xß-fpsS am¿Kw ¢n]vX-s∏-Sp-Øp-
I. AXv \ΩpsS {]Xn-⁄-Isf ]men-
°p∂ am¿K-am-Wv. Xncp-\_n (k)
tbmSp≈ kvt\lsØ kXy-s∏-Sp-
Øp∂ am¿K-am-Wv. A√m-lp-hns‚
{]oXnsb BI¿jn-°p∂ am¿K-am-Wv.
CtX-t]mse akvPn-Zp-I-fn¬ hcp-∂-
hcpw AXn-te°v {i≤n-°p-∂-hcpw
Cu Imcy-ßfpsS D∂X ÿm\-߃
Ic-ÿ-am-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn Xß-fpsS
C_m-Z-Øp-I-fp-sSbpw A√mlphnt\m-
Sp≈ IS-a-Iƒ \nd-th-‰p-∂-Xn-s‚bpw
D∂X ]Z-hn-Iƒ Ic-ÿ-am-°p-I.
Cu akvPnZv Chn-sS-bp≈ Pam-A-
Øn¬ hnπ-hw D≠m-°p-∂-Xm-bn-Øo-
tc-≠-Xm-Wv. ]pcp-j-∑m¿°p≈ Cu
henb lmfn¬ 760 Bfp-Iƒ°v \a-
kv°-cn-°m≥ km[n-°pw. CXns\
F√m \a-kv°m-c-Ønepw \nd-°m-\mbn
{ian -°p -I. CtX-t]mse 560
kv{XoIƒ°v \a-kv°-cn -°m-\p≈
ÿew D≠v. a‰p lmfp-I-fn¬ 630 Dw
Bfp-Iƒ°v \n¬°m≥ km[n-°pw.
samØw Cu akvPn-Zn¬ GI-tZiw
2000 Bfp-Iƒ°v \a-kv°-cn-°m≥
km[n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
ChnsS \a -kv°-cn -°m≥
km[n°pw F∂-Xns\ \a-kv°-cn-°p-
∂p≠v F∂m°n \n߃ am‰-Ww.
At∏mƒ am{X -ta akvPn -Z ns‚
\n¿amW e£yhpw Bcm-[-\-tbm-
Sp≈ IS-abpw \ap°v \nd-th-‰m≥
km[n -°p -I -bp -≈q. A√mlp
\n߃°v CXn-\p≈ Xu^oJv \¬Ip-
am-dm-I-s´.
A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-{K-l-Øm¬
bp.-sI. Pam-AØv Dƒs∏sS bqtdm-
∏n¬ H∂-S-¶hpw akvPnZv \n¿Ωm-W-
Øn¬ henb {i≤ Xncn-™n-´p-≠v.
F∂m¬ Cu akvPn-Zns‚ kuμcyw
\a-kv°m-c-°m¿ aptJ-\-bmWv {]I-S-
am -Ip -∂-X v . 2003 ¬ akvPnZ v
ss_Øp¬ ^pØqlv DZvLm-S\w
sNø-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. AXn-\p-ap-ºp-
hsc akvPn-Zm-bn-´p-≈Xv ss_Øp¬
^fv¬ am{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\p-tijw
14 ]pXnb ]≈n-Iƒ \n¿an -°m≥
A√mlp Pam -A-Øn\v Xu^oJv
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥11
\¬In. Ch-sb√mw icn°pw akvPn-
Zp-I-fm-Wv. Ign™ As©´p h¿jw
apºv hsc bqtdm∏n¬ 13 akvPn-Zp-I-
fmWv D≠m-bn -cp -∂-Xv . Ct∏mƒ
samØw 57 akvPn-Zp-I-fm-bn-´p-≠v. 44
]≈n-IfpsS h¿≤-\-hmWv bqtdm-∏n¬
D≠m-bn-´p-≈-Xv. AXn¬ P¿a-\n-bn-
emWv G‰hpw IqSp-X-ep-≈-Xv. F∂m¬
AXn-s‚-sb√mw kuμcyw AXns‚
\n¿am -W-hp -ambn _‘-s∏-´ -X -√.
AXn¬ hcp∂ \a-kv°m-c-°m¿
aptJ-\-bm-Wv.
AXp-sIm≠v bqtdm-∏y≥ \m´n-
ep≈ Alva-Zn-I-tfmSv C∂v Rm≥ ]d-
bm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂Xv \Ωƒ A`n-am-
\w-sIm-t≈-≠Xv akvPnZv \n¿an®p
F∂Xne-√. CXn-s\-°p-dn®v Xncp-\_n
(k) t\csØ {]h-Nn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv.
Hcp-Imew hcpw. A∂v akvPn-Zp-Iƒ
\n¿an-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ P\-߬
A`n-am\w sIm≈pw. F∂m¬ Cu
A`n-am\w sIm≈p∂ tPmen Xncp-
\_n (k) bpsS {]nb-t{]-an-bp-ambn
Xßsf _‘-s∏SpØp∂-h-cpsS
{]h¿Øn-b-√. a‰p-≈-h¿ A`n-am-\n-®p-
sIm-≈-s´. \mw A`n-am\w sIm≈p-
∂Xv \ΩpsS ]≈n-I-fpsS lmP¿ \ne
hfsc h¿≤n®v B akvPn-Zp-Iƒ \ap-
°mbn sNdp -Xm -Ip -tºm -gm -Wv .
A√mlp \ap°v CXn-\p≈ Xu^oJv
\¬Ipam-dm-I-s´.
Rm≥ Ct∏mƒ lZvdØv akolv
auDuZv (A) apambn t\cn´v _‘-s∏-
-́h-cn-ep≠m-bn-cp∂ Bcm-[-\-tbm-Sp≈
Xm¬]cy-Øn-s‚bpw Ah-cpsS \ne-
hm-c-Øn-s‚bpw Nne kw`-h-߃
tIƒ∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
\a-kv°m-c-Øn¬ apgp-Ip-∂-Xp-
ambn _‘-s∏´ kw`hw {i≤n-°p-I.
A_vZp¬ K^v^m¿ kmln_v
Ukv°nhn-bpsS aI≥ lZvdØv Pm≥
apl-ΩZv kmln_v (d) hnh-cn-°p∂p.
lZvdØv akolv auDuZv (A) s‚
ImeØv aKvcn_v \a-kv°mcw akvPnZv
ap_m-d-°ns‚ sSd-kn¬ \n¿hln-°p-
I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ akvPnZv ap_m-
d-°ns‚ anAv-dm-_ns‚ ]Sn-™m-dp-h-
iØv \nkm-ap -±o≥ kmln-_ns‚
hoSns‚ ap‰Øv Fs´m-ºXv Bfp-Iƒ
lp° hen-°p-hm-\p≈ kZ v kwL-
Sn -∏n -®n -cn -°p -Ibp≠mbn. Ch¿
lZvdØv akolv auDuZv (A) _‘p-
°-fm-sW-¶nepw ITn\ FXn-cm-fn-I-fm-
bn-cp-∂p. aX-tØmSv shdp-∏m-bn-cp-∂p.
A√m-lp-hn-s\-t]mepw \ntj-[n-°p-∂-
h-cm-Wv. Ah-cpsS B kZ- n¬
aZyhpw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\
R߃ \a-kv°-cn -°m≥ XpS-ßn-
A√mlp AIv_¿ F∂v sNm√n-b-
t∏mƒ Xs∂ Ah¿ Ahn-sS-\n∂v
sN≠ sIm´m≥ XpS-ßn. Kmb-I¿
]m´p-]m-Sm\pw XpS-ßn. \a-kv°m-c-
°msc iey-s∏-Sp -Øm-\mWv CXv
sNbvX-Xv. F∂m¬ R߃ \a-kv°m-
c-Øn¬ ]q¿W-ambpw ebn-®n-cp-∂p.
AhnsS F¥mWv \S-°p-∂Xv F∂
Imcy-Øn-te°v {i≤tb t]mbn-cp-
∂n√ Ah¿ hmZy -ta -f -߃
\SØnsb¶nepw RßfpsS {i≤Xncn-
°m≥ Ah¿°v km[n-®n-√.
lZvdØv l°nw Aen kmln-_v
(-d)- ss_-A-Øn\v tij-ap≈ am‰-
ßsf hnh-cn®v sIm≠v ]d-bp-∂p.
CXn\v tijw kvt\l-Øn¬ hf-sc-
tbsd h¿≤-\-hp -≠m-bn. F√m
amkhpw Rm≥ lpkq-dns‚ ka£w
lmPdm-Ip-am-bn-cp∂p. Fs‚ ho´ns‚
ASpØv Hcp sIm®p ]≈n \n¿Ωn-®p.
Xl-÷pZv \a-kv°m-c-Øn\v B akvPn-
Zn¬ t]mIp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cim-Av \a-
kv°-cn®mWv akvPn-Zn¬ \n∂v Xncn-®p-
h-cp∂Xv. 20,22 aWn-°q¿ Rm≥ ]≈n-
bn¬ Ign-®p-Iq-´p-am-bn-cp-∂p. t\msº-
Sp-°pw. Hcp-t\cw `£Ww Ign-°pw.
F∂mepw hnit∏m Zmltam H∂pw
C√m-bn-cp-∂p. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥
]mcm-b-W-Ønepw \a-kv°m-c-Ønepw
ZpB-bnepw Rm≥ Cu ka-b-߃ Ign-
®p-Iq-´n-. hfsc kt¥m-j-hm-\m-bn-
cp∂p Rm≥. GsX-¶nepw Hcp Imcy-
sØ-°p-dn®v Rm≥ ZpB sNøp-Ibpw
AXn-te°v {i≤ tI{μo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXm¬ DSs\ AXn-\p≈ adp-]Sn
e`n-°p∂ Ahÿhsc FØn. CXp-
Im-cWw A√m-lp-hn-t\mSpw Xncp-\_n
(k) tbmSpw hnip≤ Jp¿-B-t\m-Sp-
ap≈ kvt\lw F\n°v hf-sc-b-[nIw
h¿≤n-®p. lZvdØv akolv auDuZv
(A) an¬ F\n°v B¿°pw Cf-°m≥
Ign-bmØ kpZrV-amb hnizmkw
ssIh-∂p.
l°ow ̂ fvepdvd“m≥ kmln_v
Xs‚ ]nXmhv \_n _Iviv kmln-_n-
s\-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-∂p. At±-l-Øn¬
lZvdØv akolv auDuZv (A) t\mSv
Hcp {]tXyI kvt\lw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
Bsc-¶nepw lZvdØv akolv auDuZv
(A) s‚ kw -̀h-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]d-bm≥
At]-£n-®m¬ ]d-bm-dp-≈Xv Fs‚
Hm¿Ω-i‡n A{X \∂-√. lpkq-dn-
s\-°p-dn®v ]d-bp∂ h√ Imcyhpw
sX‰n-t∏m-Iptam F∂v Rm≥ `b-s∏-
Sp-∂p.
At±lw hnt√Pv cPn-kv{Sm¿
Bbn-cp-∂p. ]cn-tim-[\ \mfp-I-fn¬
Znhkw apgp-h\pw AXn¬ hn\n-tbm-
Kn-t°≠n h∂n-cp-∂p. AXypjvW
ImeØv t]mepw ]cn -tim-[-\°v
t]mtI-≠-Xm-bn-h-∂n-cp-∂p. CXp-Im-
cWw F¥p-am{Xw £oWw D≠mIpw
F∂v Duln -°m -hp -∂-sX-bp -≈q.
F∂m¬ Xl-÷p-Zn-\p-th≠n cm{Xn
\n¿_-‘-ambpw Fgp -t∂¬°p-w.
Rß-sfbpw \n¿_-‘n-°pw. da-Zm-
\n¬ Ip´n-I-sfbpw \n¿_-‘n-°pw. da-
fm-\n¬ AXyp-jvW-Im-eØpw t\mºv
IrXy-ambn A\p-jvTn-®n-cp-∂p. XWp∏v
Ime-Øv Xl-÷pZv \a-kv°m-c-Øn¬
Jp¿-B≥ Dds° HmXp-Ibpw Ip´n-
Isf IqsS Dƒs∏-Sp -Øp -Ibpw
sNbvXn-cp-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-
{K -l-Øm¬ At±lw Jp¿-Bs‚
lm^n-km-Wv.
Zo\n¬ \n∂pw AI-ep∂ Cu \mSp-
I-fn¬ \ΩpsS Ip´n-Ifnepw AXv
kzm[o-\n-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Cu
\mSp-Iƒ C°m-cy-Øn¬ hf-sc-Iq-Sp-
X¬ {i≤n-t°≠nbncn-°p-∂p. Zo\n¬
kzbw \ne-\n¬°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w
\ΩpsS ]Z-hnbpw Db¿tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.
CXp-Iq-SmsX Ip´n-Isf t\m°p-Ibpw
Ah¿°v X¿∫nøØv \¬Ip-Ibpw
sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.
A¿≤ cm{Xn-hsc apXn¿∂-h¿ Sn.-
hn. I≠p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂m¬, Cs‚¿s\-
‰n-\p-ap-ºn¬ IpØn-bn-cp-∂m¬, Ip´n-
Iƒ°v F¥v X¿_n-b-ØmWv \ap°v
\evIm≥ Ign-bp-I. CXp kw_‘amb
]e ]cmXnIfpw hcp-∂p-≠v.
AXp-sIm≠v Cu \mSp-I-fn¬
Xma-kn-°p∂ Alva-Zn-Iƒ°v {]tXy-
I-ambpw temI-Øp≈ Alva-Zn-Iƒ°v
s]mXp-hm-bp≈ Hcp sh√p-hn-fn-bm-Wn-
Xv. ImcWw ssiXzm≥ C°m-eØv
Xs‚ Ip’n-X-{i-a-ß-fn¬ hf-sc-b-
[nIw ap∂n-´n-d-ßn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
AXns\ \ap°v t\cn-tS-≠n-bn-cn-°p-
∂p. CXv A√m-lp-hns‚ klm-b-an-
√msX km[y-a -√. A√m-lp-hns‚
klmbw Bcm-[-\-bn-eq-sSbmWv Ic-
ÿ-am-°p-I.
ssiJv \qdp -±o≥ kmln_v
ss_A-Øn\v tij-ap≈ Ahÿ
hnh-cn-®p-sIm≠v ]d-bp-∂p.
Ipd-®p-Im-e-Øn\v tijw Rm≥
Aar-’-dn¬ h∂p. AhnsS tPmen-
tijw t]Pv 40 ¬
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥12
lZvdØv aplΩZv apkvX^m (k)
Xncpta\nbpsS {]hN\a\pkcn®v
At±lØns‚ hntbmKm\¥cw
ÿm]nXamb Jnem^Øv Aem
an≥lmPn≥ \p_pΔØns‚ kph¿W
ImeL´w ap∏Xv h¿jw \ne\n¬°p
Ibp≠mbn.
lZvdØv \_nIcow (k) C{]
Imcw Acpƒ sNøp∂p: F\n°v
tijw ÿm]nXamIp∂ \p_qΔØv
ap∏Xv h¿jw \ne\n¬°p∂XmWv.
AXn\v tijw cmPXzØns‚
Imeambncn°pw. (apkv\Zv AlvaZv˛
hmfyw.5. t]Pv 220 )
{]kvXpX {]hN\a\pkcn®v
dkq¬ Xncpta\n(k)°v tijw
ÿm]nXamb \p_pΔØns‚ hgnbn
ep≈ Jnem^Øp¿dminZ°v tijw
CkvemanI Jnem^Øn\p hyXn
bm\w h∂p. A≤ymXvanI {]`mhnX
cmb Jpe^mD¿dminZ°v tijw
DaΔnø, A∫mknb, Dkvam\nøm
apXemb cmP]cºc XpS¿∂v ÿm]n
°s∏SpIbp≠mbn. F∂m¬ B[p\n
IImeL´Øn¬ H∂mw temI
almbp≤Øn\v tijw {In. h. 1924¬
Xp¿°n `cWm[nImcn AØmXp¿°v
Iam¬ ]mj `cWLS\m]cambn
Jnem^Øv d±m°nbtXmsS \maam
{Xamb Cu Jnem^Øpw \in°pI
bmWp≠mbXv. dkq¬ Xncpta\n(k)
bpsS {]hN\a\pkcn®v At∏mtg
°pw \p_qΔØv sIm≠\pKrlo
X\mb hmKvZØ akolns‚ BKa\
ap≠mIpIbpw Jnem^Øv Aem
an≥lmPn≥ \p_qΔ: ÿm]nXamhp
Ibpap≠mbn. AXmbXv At±lØn
s‚ hntbmKm\¥cw ÿm]nXamb
AlvaZnøm Jnem^ØneqsS Cu
{]hN\w ]q¿Ønbmbn. dkq¬
Xncpta\n (k) Acpƒ sNøp∂p.
amIm\Øv \p_pΔØp≥ JØp
C√m X_nAØplm Jnem^Øp≥
Hmtcm \q_pΔØns\bpw A\pK
an®p sIm≠v Jnem^Øp≠mIp∂p.
(I≥kp¬ DΩm¬ lZokv \º¿ 3224)
AlvaZnøm Jnem^Øv Aeman≥lmPn\p_pΔØv ÿm]nXamIp
∂Xn\v apºv lZvdØv hmKvZØ
akolv(A) Xm≥ DΩØn \_nbm
sW∂v hmZn°pIbp≠mbn. At±lw
]d™p:
\n\°v A√mlphns‚ ]cnip≤
hpw ]hn{Xhpw Znhyhpamb shfn
]mSp aptJ\ Rm≥ Ahs‚ ̀ mKØp
\n∂pw hmKvZØ akolpw B¥cn
Ihpw _mlyhpamb `n∂XIƒ
°p≈ hn[nI¿Ømhpambn \nbpIvX
\mbncn°p∂psh∂v Adnbn°
s∏´ncn°p∂p. (A¿_bo≥˛ t].3)
ho≠pw FgpXp∂p: F\n°v
\_nsb∂ ]Zhn \¬Is∏´ncn
°p∂p. F∂m¬ Hcp hiØv Rm≥
\_nbmsW¶n¬ adphiØv DΩØn
\_nbpamIp∂p. (lJo°Øp¬
hlvbv)
hmKvZØ akolv XpScp∂p:
\ΩpsS hmZw \_nsb∂pw dkq¬
\p_pΔØns‚ am¿KØnep≈ Jnem^Øv:
Znhym\p{KlØns‚ ssZhnI ÿm]\w
F∂pap≈XmWv . hmkvXhØn¬
CXv Hcp hmNyamb X¿°
hnjbamWv. A√mlp BtcmSmWv
A[nIambn Znhy`mjWw \SØp
Ibpw AXn¬ A[nIambn {]hN\
߃ D≠mhpIbpw sNøp∂Xv B
Bƒ \_nsb∂p ]dbs∏Sp∂p. Cu
\n¿hN\w \Ωn¬ km[qIcn
°s∏Sp∂p. \mw \_nbmsW¶nepw
AXv hnip≤ Jp¿Bs\ Zp¿_es∏Sp
Øns°m≠p≈ \ymb {]amW
tØmSpIqSnb \p_pΔØ√.(_Z¿
hmcnI 5˛2˛1908) Cu hmZKXnb\p
kcn®v lZvdØv alvZo akolv (A)
lZvdØv dkq¬ Xncpta\n(k)bpsS
{]XnNvOmbbn¬ DΩØn \_nbmWv.
aplΩZv Da¿ F®v. F
(\mkn¿ AAvem JmZnbm≥)
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥12
\p_qΔØns‚ am¿KØnep
≈ Jnem^Øv \p_qΔØn
s\ XpS¿∂v hcp∂ ZnXzobi
‡n {]`mhamWv. Cu Znhyk
XyØns‚ km£mXv°mc
amWv AlvaZnøm PamAØv.
teJ\w
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥13
Htcm \p_pΔØn\v tijhpw
Jnem^Øp≠mIpsa∂ dkq¬
Xncpta\n(k)bpsS {]hN\a\pkcn®v
hmKvZØ alvZn akolns‚ hntbmK
Øn\v tijw A√mlphn\m¬
ÿm]nXambXmWv AlvaZnøm
apkvenw PamAØv.
lZvdØv hmKvZØ akoln\v
tijap≠mIp∂ Jnem^Øv F∂
ZznXob i‡n {]`mhsØ°pdn®v
C{]Imcw Acpƒ sNøp∂p:
Ah≥ c≠p hn[Ønep≈ iIvXn
{]`mh߃ shfns∏SpØp∂p.
H∂maXmbn \_namcpsS ssIIfn
eqsS Xs‚ Znhy iIvXnbpsS lkvXw
{]ISamIp∂p. c≠maXmbn \_n
bpsS hntbmKØn\v tijw ]e
{]bmkßfpw t\cntS≠nhcnIbpw
i{Xp°ƒ i‡nbm¿Pn°pIbpw
Ct∏mƒ Cu {]h¿Ø\߃°v
`wKw t\cnSpsa∂v IcpXs∏SpIbpw,
Cu PamAØv \miaSbp∂ XmsW
∂v i{Xp°ƒ {]Ncn∏n°pIbpw
PamAØnep≈h¿ Xs∂ A¶em∏n
embnØocpIbpw AhcpsS ÿnc
NnØX°v £Xw kw`hn°psa∂v
IcpXs∏SpIbpw ]e `mKytZmjn
Ifpw aX]cnXymKØns‚ hgnIƒ
kzoIcn°pIbpw sNøp∂ kμ¿`
Øn¬ A√mlp c≠mw XhWbmbn
Xs‚ iIvXamb Znhy i‡n
shfns∏SpØpIbpw sNøp∂p.
B]Xn®p sIm≠ncn°p∂ PamA
Øns\ ]nSn®p \n¿ØpIbpw
sNøp∂p.
Npcp°Øn¬ BcmWv Ah
km\w hsc £assIsIm≈p∂Xv
Ah¿ A√mlphns‚ Cu c≠v
A Z v ` p X { ] X n ` m k ß f p w
Z¿in°p∂XmWv. lZvdØv A_q
_°dn(d) s‚ ImeØv kw`hn®Xv
t]mse lZvdØv dkq¬ Xncpta\n
(k)bpsS th¿]mS v A\hkc
Ønep≈ th¿]mSmsW∂v IcpXs∏
SpIbpw [mcmfw {KmahmknIfmb
_ZhnIƒ ap¿ØZpIfmhpIbpw
klm_m°ƒ hyk\m{Im¥cmbn
D∑mZnIsf t]mse BbnØocp
Ibpw sNbvXt∏mƒ A√mlp XBe
lZvdØv A_q_°dns\ Fgpt∂¬
∏n®v c≠maXpw Xs‚ i‡n
{]`mhØns‚ amXrI ImWn®p.
(A¬ hknøØv.t]. 6,7)
hmKvZØ akolv XpScp∂p:
AXvsIm≠v A√tbm {]nbap≈htc,
FXncmfnIfpsS \nc¿YIßfmb
c≠v A]hmZßsf XI¿°p∂
Xn\mbn A√mlphns‚ k\mX\
\S]Sn{Iaa\pkcn®v c≠v
hn[Ønep≈ Znhyi‡n {]`mh߃
{]ISamhp∂p. AXpsIm≠v A√mlp
hns‚ Cu k\mX\ \S]Sn{IasØ
Dt]£n®v Ifbp∂Xv kw`hya√.
AXpsIm≠v Cu c≠v Imcy߃
sIm≠v \n߃ IpWvTnXcpw
a\t¢iap≈hcpw BbnØoccpXv.
ImcWw \n߃ c≠masØ
Znhyi‡n {]`mhw Z¿int°≠Xpw
AXymhiyamIp∂p. AXv izmiz
Xhpw AXns‚ irwJe A¥y\mƒ
hsc apdn™p t]mImØXpamIp∂p.
Rm≥ t]mImXncp∂m¬ B ZznXob
i‡n hcp∂X√. F∂m¬ Rm≥
t]mbm¬ A√mlp \n߃°v th≠n
B ZnXzob Znhyi‡n shfns∏SpØp
∂XmWv. AXv Fs∂∂pw \nßtfm
sSm∏w D≠mbncn°pw. (A¬
hknøØv. t]Pv 9)
hmKvZØ akolns‚ {]kvXpX
{]kvXmh\bn¬ Xmsg hnhcn°p∂
Imcy߃ ASßnbncn°p∂p.
1. {]Ya Znhy iIvXn {]`mhw
F∂Xv sIm≠v \p_qΔØpw ZznXob
i‡n {]`mhw F∂Xv sIm≠v
Jnem^Øpw BWv Dt±iyw. AXmWv
km£ysat∂mWw lZvdØv
A_q_°¿ (d)s\ FSpØp≤cn°p
∂Xv.
2 . hmKvZØ akolv X\n°v
tijap≠mIp∂ Jnem^Øns\
ZznXob Znhyi‡n {]IS\ambn
Nn{XoIcn°p∂p.
3. Cu ZznXob i‡n {]`mhw Xm≥
t ] m b X n \ p t i j a m b n c n ° p w
(Xs‚ hntbmKØn\vtijw) kw`hn
°pI.
4. {]hmNI∑m¿°v tijw Xs‚
PamAØn\v ITn\amb ]co£W
ßsft\c n t S≠ nhc p∂XmW v .
F∂m¬ BhcpsS Jeo^amcpsS
km∂n≤yw aqtJ\ `bmi¶Iƒ
kam[m\ambn Iemin°p∂p. Cu
{]Xn`mkw AlvaZnøm PamAØnepw
Bh¿Øn°s∏Sp∂XmWv. {]kvXpX
ssZhoI kp∂Ø\pkcn®v hmKvZØ
akolns‚ hntbmKØn\v tijw
PamAØn\v AXnITn\amb ]co£
Wßsft\cntS≠n h∂psh¶nepw
Jnem^Øns‚ ÿm]\w aptJ\ B
`bm\Iamb Ahÿ kam[m\
Ønte°v hgnamdpIbp≠mbn.
5. AXv imizXhpw AXns‚
irwJe A¥y\mƒ hsc apdn™p
t]mImØXpamWv F∂ hN\w
{]kvXpX ZznXob i‡n AYhm
Jnem^Øv A¥y\mƒ hsc \ne
\n¬°p∂XmsW∂v a\ nem°p
∂p.
lZvdØv hmKvZØ akolns‚
{]kvXpX {]hN\a\pkcn®v 1908 sabv
27˛mw XobXn At±lØns‚ {]Ya
injy\pw BZyambn ss_AØv
sNbvX am\ytZlhpw k¿thm]cn
ssZh`‡\pw ]finX\pamb
auem\ l°nw \qdp±o(d)s‚ Xr°c
ßfn¬ PamAØv H∂S¶w ss_
AØv sNbvXp. Bdp h¿jsØ
hnPbIcamb Jnem^Øn\v tijw
At±lw 1914 am¿®v 13˛mw XobXn
ZnhwKX\mIpIbpw ]ns∂ At±l
sØ XpS¿∂v an¿km _iodp±o≥
alvaqZv AlvaZv kmln_v c≠mw
Jeo^Øp¬ akolmbn Xncs™Sp
°s∏SpIbpw sNbvXp. 52 h¿jsØ
A\pKrloXhpw kw`h _lpe
hpamb Jnem^Øn\v tijw At±lw
1965 \hw_¿ 7˛mw XobXn
h^mØmbn . ]nt‰∂v PamAØv
kpkwLSnXambn lZvdØv an¿km
\mkn¿ AlvaZ v kmln_ns‚
ssIbn¬ ss_AØv sNbvXp.17
h¿jsØ hnPb{]Zamb Jnem^
Øn\v tijw 1982 Pq¨ 9˛mw XobXn
At±lw ZnhwKX\mIpIbpw ASpØ
Znhkw Xs∂ lZvdØv an¿km
Xzmln¿ AlvaZv kmln_v Jeo^
Øp¬ akolv Bbn ÿm\tas‰Sp
°pIbpw sNbvXp. 22 h¿jsØ
hnπhmXvaIamb Jnem^Øn\v
tijw 2003 G{]n¬ 19˛mw XobXn
At±lw h^mØmIpIbpw AXn\v
tijw˛22˛mw XobXn lZvdØv an¿km
akvdq¿ AlvaZ v kmln_ns‚
Xr°cßfn¬ apgph≥ PamAØpw
ss_AØv sNøpIbpw sNbvXp.
Aßs\ temIØp≈ 200 cmPy
ßfnep≈ tImSn°W°n\v Alva
ZnIƒ Jnem^Øns‚ ioXfOm
bbn¬ ho≠pw kpkwLSnXcpw
kpc£nXcpambnXo¿∂p.
C∂v apkvenwIfn¬ ImWs∏Sp∂
Ac£nXmhÿ°pw A[x]X\Øn
\pw `oIcm¥co£Øn\pw bp≤`oXn
°pap≈ ImcWw Jnem^Øns‚
A`mhamsW∂pw AXns\ ]p\ÿm
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥14
]nt°≠Xv apk¬am∑mcpsS Bhiy
amsW∂pw aX/cmjv{Sob ]finX
∑mcpw Dss®kvXcw DZ vtLmjn
°p∂p. DZmlcWambn auem\m
A_p¬ lk≥ \Zvhn ]dbp∂p.
C∂v apkvenw temIØn\v G‰hpwAXymhiyambn Xo¿∂ncn°p∂Jnem^sØ∂ ÿm]\hpw A\pKrloX kwhn[m\hpw \jvSs∏´ncn°pIbmWv. AXns‚ ÿm]\Øn\mbn apkvenwIƒ Atßb‰w{i≤m]q¿hw {ian®ncp∂p. AXns‚A`mhhpw \jvShpw C∂v Ah¿hnhn[ cq]ßfn¬ A\p`hn®psIm≠ncn°bmWv. (XAvaosdlbmØv)
Jnem^Øns‚ A`mhw \nanØw
C∂v apkvenw kapZmbØn\v
D ≠ m b n s ° m ≠ n c n ° p ∂
]cnlcn°m\mhmØ {]iv\ßfpw
cmjv{Sobhpw kmwkvImcnIhpam
bp≈ A[:]X\ßfpw ZpcnX
]q¿Wamb kw`h hnImkßfpw
apkvenwIfpsS IÆpIƒ Xpd∏n°m≥
]cym]vXambhbmWv. hnip≤
Jp¿B≥ Acpƒ sNbvXXv t]mse
Ah¿°v lrZbap≠v. (]t£
Ah¿ {Kln°p∂n√. Ah¿°v
IÆpIfp≠v (]t£) Ah¿ AXv
sIm≠v ImWp∂n√. Ah¿°v
ImXpIfp≠v. ]t£ Ah¿
AXvsIm≠v tIƒ°p∂n√. (7:180)
Ct∏mƒ temIØv 200 cmjv{S
ßfn¬ AlvaZnøm PamAØv
ÿm]nXambn´p≠v. 70 `mjIfn¬
hnip≤Jp¿B≥ ]cn`mjs∏Sp
ØpIbp≠mbn. Cu h¿jw (2012 ¬)
115 ]pXnb ]≈nIƒ \n¿an°s∏´p.
Ch IqSmsX 179 akvPnZpIƒ
\akvIcn°p∂htcmsSm∏w A√mlp
Cu PamAØn\v \¬IpIbp≠mbn.
Cu h¿jw temIsØßpw 87
{]NmcW tI{μ߃ DZvLmS\w
sNøs∏´p. Ch IqSmsX e≠≥
Bÿm\ambn ssN\okv Ukv°v,
_wKvfm Ukv°v, djy≥ UkvIv,
{^©v Ukv°v, S¿°njv Ukv°v,
Gjy≥ Ukv°v, Ad_n°v Ukv°v
F∂o hIp∏pIƒ aptJ\ temI
sØßpw {]NmcW in£W {]h¿
Ø\߃ \S∂p hcp∂p. MTAC‚¿\mjW¬, lypam\n‰n ^kv‰v,
AlvaZnøm C‚¿\mj\¬
B¿°nsSIv‰v B‚ v F©n\nbdnßv
F∂o hIp∏pIƒ BtKmfmSn
ÿm\Øn¬ {]h¿Ø\\ncXamWv.
XßfpsS PohnXw hJ^v sNbvX
hmJn^ns\ \u 87 cmPyßfn¬ 41,
220 Bbn h¿≤n®ncn °p∂p. (A¬
^k¬ 24.9 . 2010) Aßs\
BtKmfmSnÿm\Øn¬ Ckvemw
aXsØ ZrVs∏SpØp∂ {]h¿Ø\
߃ Du¿PkzeXtbmsS \S∂v
hcnIbmWv. A√mlp hnip≤ Jp¿
B\n¬ kqd 56˛mw hN\Øn¬
Jnem^Øns‚ AXnalØmb c≠v
Znhym\p{Klßsf°pdn®v {]Xn]m
Zn°p∂p.
1. Ah¿°mbn Ah¿ Xr]vXns∏´aXsØ Ah¿°v {]_es∏SpØns°mSp°p∂XmWv.
2. AhcpsS `bØn\p tijw]Icambn Ah¿°v c£bpw kam[m\hpw \¬Ip∂XmWv.
Cu c≠v Znhym\p{Klßfpw
AlvaZnøm Jnem^Øv aptJ\
PamAØn¬ kºq¿Wamb \nebn¬
ImWs∏Sp∂p. CXns‚ hniZoI
cWØn\v Ct∏mƒ apXncp∂n√.
C∂v temIØv 200 cmjv{Sßfn¬
]Xn\mbnc°W°n\v imJIfp≈
AlvaZnøm PamAØv hnhn[
cwKßfn¬Atlmcm{Xw A`nhr≤n
s∏´p sIm≠ncn°pIbmWv.
A¬ ^Zep am ilnZØv
_nln¬ AAvZmD
i{Xp°fpsS km£yØn\mWv
{]m[m\yw F∂ hmIya\pkcn®v,
AlvaZnøm PamØns‚ i{Xp
\ncIfn¬ {][m\nIfmb PamAsØ
CkvemanbpsS t_m[\w amknI 16.
7. 1994 ¬ FgpXp∂p. Atacn°bn¬
JmZnbm\n {]ÿm\Øn∂v iIvXamb
thcpIfp≠v. \yqtbm¿°nepw,
hmjnßvSWnepw km≥{^m≥
knkvt°mhnepw AXym[p\nIamb
kuIcyßtfmS v IqSnb tI{μ
ßfp≠v. Bkq{XnX ]≤XnIfpw
IW°n√mØ BkvXnbpamWt{X
JmZnbm\n {]h¿Ø\߃°v i‡n
]Icp∂Xv . bqtdm∏v , B{^n°
XpSßnb temIØns‚ hnhn[
`mKßfn¬ ]c∂p InS°p∂
JmZnbm\nIƒ 14 aneyt\mfw hcp
at{X AhcpsS P\kwJy. Lm\,
ss\Pocnb, sFhdn tImkv‰v, sse_o
cnb, Z£nWm{^n°, F∂nhnSßfn
sems° JmZnbm\nIfpsS km∂n≤yw
hfsc {]ISamWv.
Xs‚ AkvXnXzw apgph≥
PamAØn\v th≠n ka¿∏n®v
ImcpWyØm¬ XpSn®p sIm≠ncn
°p∂ lrZbap≈ Hcp Jeo^
Jnem^Øn\p≠mbncn°pw F∂Xv
Jnem^Øv kwhn[m\Øns‚
\nch[n Znhym\p{Klßfnsem∂mWv.
Hmtcm AlvaZnbpw Jnem^sØ∂
kpi‡amb tIm´°IØv Xm≥
kpc£nXamsW∂v t_m[ap≈
h\mWv. Jeo^bpsS {]m¿Y\bpsS
A\p{Klw Ah\v Ft∏mgpw
e`yamWv. Hcp AlvaZnbpsS ZpxJ
ßfpw ZpcnXßfpw Jeo^bpsS
{]m¿Y\bnepw km¥z\Ønepw
Aen™n√mXmhp∂p. Hcp kw`hw
ChnsS D≤cn°mw
lZvdØv hmKvZØ akolns‚ Hcpklm_n Nu[cn lm°nw Zo≥kmln_ns‚ `mcy°v {]khthZ\bp≠mbn. At±lw cm{Xn 11 aWn°vlZvdØv Jeo^Øp¬ akolns‚`h\Øn¬ sN∂v hnhcw ]d™p{]m¿Y\°t]£n®p. At±lw HcpImc° sIm≠ph∂v AXn¬ ZpBsNbvXp DuXn Nu[cn kmln_n\vsImSpØp. CXv `mcy°v sImSp°m≥]d™p {]khw Ign™v DSs\hnhcadnbn°Wsa∂pw \n¿tZin®p.Ipd®p Ign™t∏mƒ Xs∂kpJ{]khw \S∂p. F∂m¬ cm{XnIptdIgn™Xn\m¬ lpkqdns\hnfn®v _p≤nap´nt°s≠∂v Nu[cnkmln_v IcpXn, InS∂pdßn. ]nt‰∂v
Xßsf BXvam¿Yambn kvt\ln °p∂ X߃°v th≠n cm{Xn
apgp h\pw Dd°anf®v {]m¿Yn®p sIm≠n cn°p∂ BXvaob
t\Xmhv XßfpsS Xe∏Øncn°p∂psh∂v t_m[ap≈
AlvaZnIƒ F{Xam{Xw `mKyhm∑mcmWv! Aßs\ Hmtcm
AlvaZn°pw Xm≥ ImeØns‚ Jeo^bpsS kvt\l
hebØn¬ kpc£nXcm sW∂ kpZrV t_m[w D≠mIp∂p.
CØcsamcp kpc£nX t_m[w CXc kapZmb߃t°m
kwLS\Iƒt°m C√Xs∂
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥15
ImeØv lpkqdns\ hnhcadnbn®t∏mƒ At±lw ]d™p. Ip´nP\n®Xn\v tijw Xm¶fpw `mcybpwkpJambn InS∂pdßn. X°kabØv Fs∂bpw Adnbn®ncp∂psh¶n¬ F\n°pw InS∂pdßmambncp∂p, F∂m¬ Rm≥ cm{Xnapgph≥ \nßfpsS `mcy°v th≠n ZpBsNbvXp sIm≠ncp∂p. Nu[cnlm°nw Zn≥ kmln_v Cu kw`hwhnhcn®p s°m≠v s]m´n°c™p.FhnsS Hcp km[mcW ]cnNmcI\mb Rm≥? FhnsS alm\mb\qdp±o≥? (Akvlms_ AlvaZv.t].71,72)
lZvdØv Jeo^Øp¬ akolv
c≠ma≥ Acpƒ sNøp∂p:
ktlmZc∑m¿°v th≠n Fs‚
lrZbØns‚ AKm[Xbn¬ D≈
kvt\lhpw A\pIºbpw Hcp
]nXmhn\pw Xs‚ a°tfmtSm Hcp
aI\pw Xs‚ ]nXmhnt\mtSm C√mØ
coXnbn¬ D≈XmWv. (khm\nlv
^Zvse Da¿ hmeyw 5. t]Pv 468)
ho≠pw At±lw Acpƒ
sNøp∂p: \n߃°mbn Hcp hy‡n\nßfpsS thZ\Iƒ Dƒs°m≈p∂\nßtfmSp≈kvt\lw sh®p ]pe¿Øp∂ \nßfpsS Zp:JsØ kz¥wZpJambn°cpXp∂ \nßfpsShnjasØ Xs‚ hnjaambn°cpXp∂ \n߃°mbn Fs∂∂pwA√mlphns‚ Xncpk∂n[n[nbn¬ZpBsNbvXp sIm≠ncn°p∂ Hcphy‡nbp≠v. F∂m¬ A\y¿°vCXn√. \n߃°mbn B hy‡ncm{XnbpsS GIm¥Xbn¬ lrZbwXpSn®v {]m¿Yn°pIbpw sNøp∂p.F∂m¬ Ah¿°v Bcpw Xs∂bn√.BcpsSsb¶nepw _‘phn\v AkpJap≠mbm¬ B Bƒ°v a\ am[m\ap≠mIp∂n√. F∂m¬Bbnc°W°n\pw e£°W°n\pwtcmKnIfp≈ Hcp a\pjys‚Ahÿsb°pdn®v \n߃°vA\pam\n°phm≥ km[n°ptam?(A≥hmdp¬ Deqw˛ hmfyw . 2.t ]v.156)
lZvdØv Jeo^Øp¬ akolv
Acpƒ sNøp∂p: Rm≥ \nßfn¬
\n∂p≈ \nßsft]msebp≈ Hcp
a\pjy≥ BsW∂v \n߃°v
A\pam\n°m≥ IqSn km[n°mØ
hÆw \nßfn¬ \n∂p≈ Hmtcm
Bƒ°v th≠nbpw PamAØnse
Htcm AwK߃°v th≠nbpw Fs‚
lrZbØn¬ A√mlp kvt\lw
A¶pcn∏n®p X∂n´p≠v. Nnet∏mƒ
kpPqZn¬ C{]Imcw Rm≥ ZpB
sNømdp≠.v A√mlpth, F\n°v
ZpB°v th≠n IsØgpXm≥
B{Kln°pIbpw F∂m¬ Bekyw
\nanØw FgpXm≥ km[n°msX
hcnIbpw sNøp∂hcpsS Dt±i߃
k^eoIcn®v sImSpt°Wta.
A√mlpth BcmWv ZpB°v th≠n
F\n°v IsØgpXmØXv, IsØgp
XWsa∂ Nn¥C√mØXv Ah¿°v
h√ hnja hpw t\cnSpIbmsW¶n¬
AXv Zqcs∏SpØns°mSpt°Wta! \o
AhcpsS Bhiy߃ \nh¿Øn
®psImSpt°Wta!
ho≠pw At±lw ]dbp∂p:
euInIamb \nebn¬ hy‡n]cambnk t l m Z c ∑ m ¿ ° p ≠ m I p ∂thZ\Iƒ Fs‚ s\©IØv H∂mbntN¿∂ncn °bmWv. cm{Xnapgph≥ Hcp\nanjw t]mepw DdßmsX\n߃°mbn lrZbws\m¥p ZpBsNbvXp sIm≠n cn°p∂ ]ecm{XnIfpw F\n°p ≠mbncp∂p.(A¬ ^k¬, d_vh: 12. 12. 1966)
lZvdØv Jeo^Øp¬ akolv
\mema≥ ]dbp∂p: \nßfn¬ \n∂vHcn°epw lrZb thZ\bp≠m°p∂H∂pw Xs∂ F\ns°gpXmXncn°s´.Jnem^Øns‚ bmYm¿Yyw Xs∂CXmIp∂p. Hcp Jeo^bpsSlrZbØn¬ apgph≥ Pam AØns‚bpw lrZb߃ XpSn®vsIm≠ncn°p∂p. CtX{]Imcw apgph≥PamAØnt‚bpw kt¥mjw BlrZbØn¬ H∂mbn tNcp∂p.F\n°v Ft∏mgpw \nßsf°pdn®p≈kt¥mjhm¿ØIƒ am{Xw e`n°pamdmIs´. \nßfn¬ Hcp hnjahpwD≠mhmXncn°s´. ImcWw \nßfpsS hnjaw Fs‚ hnjaamWv.(aivAse dmlv. hm. 3 .t]Pv. 687)
lZvdØv Jeo^Øp¬ akolv
A©ma≥ ]dbp∂p: Rm≥ hfsc{]nbtØmSpIqSn Adnbn°pIbmWv.F\n°pw lZvdØv hmKvZØ akolns‚ PamAØnt\mSv hfscb[nIwkvt\lap≠v.(JpXv_msØ akvdq¿hm 1 t]Pv,22)
Xßsf BXvam¿Yambn kvt\ln
°p∂ X߃°v th≠n cm{Xn apgp
h\pw Dd°anf®v {]m¿Yn®p sIm≠n
cn°p∂ BXvaob t\Xmhv XßfpsS
Xe∏Øncn°p∂psh∂v t_m[ap≈
AlvaZnIƒ F{Xam{Xw `mKyhm∑m
cmWv! Aßs\ Hmtcm AlvaZn°pw
Xm≥ ImeØns‚ Jeo^bpsS
kvt\l hebØn¬ kpc£nXcm
sW∂ kpZrV t_m[w D≠mIp∂p.
CØcsamcp kpc£nX t_m[w CXc
kapZmb߃t°m kwLS\Iƒ
t°m C√Xs∂.
ImeØns‚ Jeo^tbmSp lm¿
Zamb _‘Øns‚bpw sNtø≠p∂
I¿ØhyØnt‚bpw {]m[m\y
sØ°pdn®v lZvdØv dkq¬
Xncpta\n (k) Acpƒ sNøp∂p:
A√mlphns‚ Jeo^bpsS
km∂n≤yw `qanbn¬ \n߃
ImWpIbmsW¶n¬ At±lhpambn
\n߃ kpZrV_‘w ]pe¿ØpI.
\nßfpsS icocw Xp≠w Xp≠
am°s∏SpIbmsW¶nepw\nßfpsS
[\hpw apXepw sIm≈bSn°s∏Sp
IbmsW¶nepw icn. (apkv\Z v
AlvaZv C_v\p lw_¬˛ lZokv
\º¿: 22333)
hnimknIfpsS PamAØns‚
ÿm]\hpw Htc Iøn¬ AhcpsS
k p k w L S n X m h ÿ b p w
A√mlphns‚ alØmb A\p{Kl
amIp∂p. Cu GIXzØn¬ On{ZXbp
≠m°pIbpw AXmbXv \n߃ Htc
Iøn¬ H∂n®p tNcpIbpw \n߃°v
Hcp Aao¿ D≠mbncn °pIbpw
sNøps∂mchÿbn¬ \n߃
\nßfpsS GIXzsØ hnNvtOZn
°m≥ {ian°pIbpw Aßs\
PamAØn¬ `n∂Xbp≠m°m≥
{ian°pIbpw sNøp∂hcp ambn
_‘w sh°mXncn°pI. AhcpsS
hm°pIƒ ad°mXncn °pI (apkv
enw˛InXm_p¬ CamdØv).
lZvdØv Jeo^Øp¬ akolv
A©ma≥ ]dbp∂p: A√mlp
\n߃°v Jnem^sØ∂ Znhym\p
{Klw X∂cpfnb am¿KamWnXv. Cu
ssZhnI ]misØ apdpsI∏nSn°pI.
GIXzhpw kwLS\m `mhhpw \ne
\n¿Øp∂Xn\mbpw hnPb{]m]vXn
°pw Jnem^Øpambn ]cn]q¿W
_‘w sh®p ]pe¿ØpI. Xeapd
Xeapdbmbn XßfpsS k¥XnI
sfbpw Cu alØmb Znhym\p{K
lhpambn _‘s∏´p sIm≠n
cn°phm≥ t_m[h¬°cn®p sIm
≠ncn°pI (aivAse dmlv hm.5 t].
32, 33)
A√mlp \sΩ A\p{Kln°p
amdmIs´
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥16
\oXn-bpsS hnim-e-amb \n¿h-N\w
Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw Ahs‚ Ah-Imiw
\¬IpI F∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬,
\oXn-bpsS \n¿h-N-\sØ kw_-‘n-
®n -S -tØmfw Ckvemw Iptd-°qSn
apt∂m´p t]m-Ip-∂p≠v. \∑-bv°p≈
{]Xn-̂ ew Hcmƒ B¿Pn-®-Xn-t\-°mƒ
Hcp hn[-Ønepw Ipd™Xmbn-cn -
°m≥ ]mSn-s√∂pw t\sc-a-dn-®v, Hcp
Xn∑-bv°p≈ in£, sNbvX Ip‰-
Øn\pw Ihn-™-Xm-bn-cn-°-cp-sX∂pw
D≈Xv \oXn-\ym-b-Øns‚ icn-bmb
am\-Z-fi-am-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂v Ckvemw
kn≤m--¥n-°p-∂p. Cu XØz-ß-fn¬
GsX-¶nepw H∂n¬ ewL-\-ap-≠m-
bm¬ AXv A\o-Xn-bm-Ip-∂p.
CXn¬ BZysØ ̀ mKw, A-Xm-bXv
kΩm\w AYhm {]-Xn-^ew Hcmƒ
kºm-Zn-®-Xn¬ Hcp {]Im-c-Ønepw Ipd-
hm-bn-cn-°-cpXv F∂Xv icn-bm-sW-
¶nepw \oXnsb kw-_-‘n® G‰hpw
IWn-i-amb Hcp [mcW \∑-bv°p≈
k-Ωm-\-tam {]Xn -^-etam H-cmƒ
B¿Pn-®n-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xnepw A[n-I-cn-
°-cp-sX∂v Bhiy-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu ]cn-
[n-\n¿W-bsØ Ckvemw kzoI-cn-
°m≥ Xøm-dn-√. \∑ kzbw Cc-´n-°-
s∏-Sp∂p F∂pw AXn\v Xn∑sb AXn-
P-bn-°m\pw A-Xns\ ASn-t®m-Sn-°m-
\p--ap≈ khn-ti-j-iIvXnbp-s≠∂pw
AXp-sIm≠v \∑ Nen-∏n-®p-hn-Sp∂
A\p-{K-l-Øn\v A‰-an-s√-∂p-ap≈
kn≤m¥amWv AXv apt∂m-´p-sh-°p-
∂Xv. C-°m-c-W-Øm¬ k¬Ir-Xy-
߃°p≈ kΩm\-߃°pw {]Xn-̂ -
e--߃°pw AXn-cp-sh-°p-∂-Xn\v Hcp
\ymbo-I-c-W-hp-an-√.
""Xo¿®-bmbpw k¬-°¿a-߃
ZpjvI¿a-ßsf AI‰n°f-bp∂p.''
(hn. Jp. 11:115)
Cu -XØzw Jp¿-B≥ a‰v ]e
ÿe-ß-fnepw Bh¿Øn®p ]d-bp-
∂p≠v.
""Xn-∑-bv°p≈ kzm`m-hn-I-^ew
XØp-ey-amb Xn∑-bm-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬,
h√h\pw am∏v sNbvIbpw AXp-ap-
tJ\ \∑ hcp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-
I-bm¬ Ahs‚ {]Xn-^ew A√m-lp-
hns‚ ASp-°-emWv. Xo¿®-bmbpw
Ah≥ A-{I-an-Isf CjvSs∏-Sp-∂n√''
(42:41)
Hcp Ip-‰ -Ir-Xyw AY-hm, Hcp
A{Iaw sNbvXm¬ AXn-\p≈ in£
AXn\v kam-\-am-b-Xm-bn-cn -°Ww
F∂pw F∂m¬, am∏v sImSp-°p-∂-Xp-
sIm≠v KpWw hcp-sa-∂m-sW-¶n¬
B A{Iaw s]mdp-°-s∏-tS-≠Xpw
AYhm in£-bn¬ Cfhv hcp-Øm-hp-
∂-Xp-amWv F∂pw BWv Cu hmIy-
Øn¬ \n¿-tZ-in-°-s∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu
XØz-ß-fn¬ GsX-¶nepw H∂v ewLn-
°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv sX‰m-Ip-∂p. sNbvX Ip‰-
Øn\v AY-hm, A{I-a-Øn\p A¿ln-
°p-∂-Xnepw I-Tn-\-X-c-amb in£
\¬Ip-∂-Xpw, Hcp Ip‰-IrXyw s]mdp-
Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v KpWwhcn-
Itbm sNøp-sa∂ kqN-\-bn-√mØ
kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-
°p-Itbm Cfhv \¬Ip-Itbm sNøp-
∂Xpw c≠pw sX‰m-bn-cn°pw.
ho≠pw Jp¿ -B≥ ]d-bp∂p:
""A√mlp BtcmSpw Hcn-°epw Hcp
AWp-Xq-°hpw A\oXn {]h¿Øn-°-
bn-√. AXv (H-cm-fpsS I¿aw) \√-Xm-
sW-¶n¬ Ah≥ AXv Cc´n-bm-°p-
Ibpw Xs‚ ]°¬\n-∂p≈ al-
Ømb {]Xn-^ew \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-
∂-XmWv.'' (4:41)
CtX XØzw -Xs∂ thsdbpw
kμ¿ -̀ß-fn¬ Jp¿-B≥ Bh¿Øn®p
]d-bp-∂p. ""\∑ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h¿°v
G‰hpw \√ {]Xn-^-e-ap-≠v. IqSp-X¬
A\p-{K-l-ß-fp-ap-≠v. Ah-cpsS apJ-
ßsf A‘Imctam A]-am-\tam
Bh-cWw sN-øp-I-bn√.'' (10:27)
""Xn∑-Iƒ {]h¿Øn-®-h-cmtcm
Ah¿°v Xn∑-bv°p≈ {]Xn-^ew
XØp-ey-amb Xn∑ sIm≠p X-s∂-bm-
bn-cn°pw. Ahsc A]-am\w Bh-
cWw sNøp∂Xp-amWv.'' (10:28)
Hcp Imcy-Øns‚ A‘-Im-c-Øn¬
\n∂pw A]-am -\ -Øn¬ \n∂pw
kwc£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw as‰mcp Imcy-
Øn¬ A]-am-\-Øn\p Ipdn-bm-°-s∏-
Sp-∂Xpw Xo¿Øp-]-d-™m¬ {]Xn-^-
e--Øns‚tbm in£-bp-sStbm Hcp
k¿apl-ΩZv k-̂ -dp-√m-lvJm≥(ap≥ {]kn-U‚v, C‚¿\m-j-\¬ tIm¿´v Hm^v P-Ãn-kv, ZntlKv)
\∑°p≈ {]Xn^ew AXn\m[mcamb I¿asØ°mƒ Ipdbm≥ ]mSn√. {]Xn^ew
Ihnbp∂Xv \√XpamWv. F∂m¬ Ip‰Øn\p≈ in£ Hcp hn[Ønepw Ihnbm≥
]mSn√. s]mdpØp sImSp°emWv KpWIcsa¶n¬ s]mdpØp sImSp°pI.
CkvemanI \oXnimkv{XØns‚ aqeXXzw CXmIp∂p.
teJ\w
Ckvemapw PpUo-jy-dnbpwCkvemapw PpUo-jy-dnbpw
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥17
`mK-a√; adn®p AØcw Imcy-ß-fn¬
{In-b-bpsS kz-`m-h-Øn¬ \n∂v kzbw
D≠m-bn-Øo-cp∂ AXns‚ A\-¥c
^ew BIp-∂p. AXv \∑-bp-sStbm
Xn∑-bp-sStbm {Iam-\p-K-X-amb KpW-
^-e-as{X.
""Bsc-¶nepw \∑-sN-b vXm¬
AXns‚ ]Øn-c´n {]Xn-^ew Ah-
∂p≠v. Bsc-¶nepw Xn∑ sNbvXm¬
X-Øp-ey-amb {]Xn -{In -b-b-√msX
Ah\v \¬I-s∏-Sp-I-bp-an√; Ah-tcmSv
A\oXn ImWn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-an√.'' (6:161)
""Bsc-¶nepw Xn∑ sNbvXm¬
X¬k-am-\-ambn am{Xw Ah\p ]Icw
In´pw; F∂m¬ Bsc-¶nepw \∑
sNbvXm¬ BWm-bmepw s]Æm-
bmepw hniz -kn -®-bm-fm -sW-¶n¬
Ah¿ kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-∏n-°-s∏-
Spw. AhnsS Ah¿°v Af-hn-√msX
\¬-Is∏Spw.''
F√m Ign-hp-I-sfbpw F√m cw-K-
ß-fnepw ]cn-]q¿W-ambn kwtbm-Pn-
∏n-°p-Ibpw Bkq-{XnX hnI-k\w
ssIh-cp-Øp-I-bp-amWv F∂-Xn-\m¬,
F√m {]hr-Øn-I-sfbpw s]cp-am-‰-ß-
sfbpw kw_‘n-®n-S-tØmfw AXv
\¬Ip∂ A\p-a-Xn-Iƒ ̀ uXnIw am{X-
a-√, [m¿an-Ihpw B≤ymXvanIhpw
IqSn-bm-Ip-∂p. Cu X¿-°-hp-ambn
_‘s∏´p aX-ß-fpsS taJe G-Xm-
sW∂pw \nb-a-ß-fp-sSbpw cmjv{So-b-
Øn-s‚bpw taJe GXm-sW∂pw D≈
X¿°w ˛ as‰mcp {] -Im -c -Øn¬
]d™m¬ atX-X-c-`-cW IqShpw aX-
cm-jv{Sob tÉpw XΩn-ep≈ X¿°w
kw_-‘n®nStØmfw Ckvemw AØ-
c-Øn¬ th¿Xn-cn-°p-∂n-s√-∂Xv {it≤-
b-am-sW∂v ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
Ckvemw Hcp Pohn -X-co -Xn -bmWv.
a\pjy Pohn-X-Ønse F√m hi-ß-
sfbpw {Iao-I-cn-°p∂ \nb-am-h-en-bp-
as{X AXv. B ho£W-Øn¬ IqSn
t\m°ptºmƒ F√m aX-ßsf°mfp-
tasd AXv aX-\n-c-t]£am-sW∂p ]d-
bm-hp-∂-XmWv. Ckveman¬ ]utcm-
lnXyw As√-¶n¬ N¿®v `cWw Cs√-
∂Xv s]mXpsh Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-W-
t√m. A°m-c-W-Øm¬ hyh-ÿm-]nX
]utcmln-Xy-Øm¬ \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-
tS≠ hnip -≤ -N -S -ßp -Itfm D]-
NmcI¿a-ßtfm H∂pw AXn-en√.
Ckveman-\p-apºv Atd-_y-bn¬
\oXnsb kw_-‘n® ]cn-k-¶¬]w
IpSpw-_Ønepw tKm{X-Øn-\-IØpw
tKm{Xm-[n] `c-W-Øn-\-[o-\-am-bn-cp-
∂p. tKm{X-߃ XΩn-ep≈ Ie-l-
߃ tKm{Xo-b-bp-≤-ß-fn-eqsSbpw
cIvX∏-I-h®pw cq£-ambn. A∏-t∏mƒ
IW-°p-Xo¿°p∂ k{º-Zm-b-am-bn-
cp∂p \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂-Xv. \n-b-a-ß-fp-
sSbpw Ah-Im-i-ß-fp-sSbpw IS-a-I-
fp-sSbpw in£-I-fp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-
\-Øn¬ tImS-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw PUvPn-am-
cpsS hn[n Xo¿∏p-I-fn-eq-sSbpw X¿°-
߃°v ]cn-lmcw ImWp-I-sb∂
coXn Ad-_n-Iƒ°v ]cn-Nn-X-am-bn-cp-∂n-
√. Ckvemw Cu ]cn-I¬]\ ]cn-N-bn-
∏n-°bpw apknw-Iƒ°v AXv \n¿_-
‘-am-°p-Ibpw sN-bvXp.
""F∂m¬ Aß-s\-b-√, \ns‚
\mY-s\-s°m≠v kXyw! Ah¿°n-S-
bn¬ ̀ n∂n-∏p-≠mb Im-cy-Øn¬ Ah¿
\ns∂ hn[n-I¿Øm-hmbn kzoI-cn-°p-
Ibpw F∂n´v \o hn[n® ImcysØ
kw_-‘n®v A-hcpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬
bmsXm-cp-hn[ {]-bm-khpw D≠m-hm-
Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw Ah¿ ]cn-]q¿W-ambn
A\pk-cWw ]pe¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-
∂-Xp-hsc Ah¿ hnizm-kn-I-fm-hp-I-
bn√.'' (4:66)
Cu h-N-\-߃ Xmsg-]-d-bp∂
Imcy-߃ \S-∏m-°p∂p.
H∂v, X¿-°-߃ \oXn-]oTw hgn
Xocp-am-\n-°-s∏-S-Ww. Hcp Imcy-Øn¬
A¥n-a-hn-[n-bn-eqsS \oXn-\n¿h-l-W-
{]-{Inb ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏´p Ign-
™m¬, B hn[n F¥p-X-s∂-bm-
bmepw I£n-I-fn¬ {]Xn-tj-[-Øn-
s‚tbm kwi-b-Øn-s‚tbm bmsXm-
c-S-bm-fhpw Ah-ti-jn-°mØ hn[w
AXp kzoI-cn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Wv. HSp-hn-
embn ]q¿W-ambpw \S∏n-em-°-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw thWw.
hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ ssi-enbpw `m-
-jm-{]-tbm-K-ß-fp-ambn ]cn-Nbw t\Sn-
bn-´n-√m-Ø-h¿, Cu hN-\-߃ \S-∏m-
°p-∂-Xns\ hn-e-°p-∂-Xn¬ A\n-jvS-
s∏-t´bv°mw. CsXm-cn-°epw icn-b-√.
Xncp-\_n (k) t\cn´p kwt_m-[\
sNø-s∏-´-t∏mƒ Ft∏mgpw Xs∂ B
I¬]-\-Ifpw \n¿tZ-i-ßfpw \n¿_-
‘-ß-fp -sa√mw Hmtcm hnizm -
knbv°pw _m-[-Iamwhn[w s]mXp-
hmbn {]tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm-\p≈hbm-bn-
cp-∂p. Xncp-\-_n(-k) ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® hn-
[n-Iƒ°v Hcp {]tXyI ]cn-ip-≤X
I¬]n-t°-≠-Xn-\p≈ bmsXmcp kqN-
\bpw \¬I-s∏-´n-´n-√. C°mcyw Xncp-
\_n (k) Xs∂bpw hy‡-am-°n-Ø-
∂n-́ p-ap-≠v. X¿°-ß-fn¬ Xm≥ kXyw
Is≠-Øm≥ {i-an-°p-∂Xv I£n-Iƒ
Xs‚ apºn¬ ka¿∏n -°p∂
tI ns‚ \ne ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bm-
Wv. X\nbv°v sX‰p-]-‰m-hp-∂Xpw Hcp
I£nbv°v bYm¿Y-Øn¬ Ah-Im-i-
s∏-´p-Iq-Sm-ØXv hn[n-®p F∂p hcm-
hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. Aßs\ h∂m¬, b-
Ym¿Y-Øn¬ X\n-bv°-h-Im-i-s∏-Sm-Ø-
Xns\ {]kvXpX hn-[n-{]-Imcw kz¥-
am -°p -Itbm hos≠-Sp -°p -Itbm
sNøp∂ Hcmƒ Ah-s‚tbm Ah-fp-
sStbm A√mØ H∂v A-\ym-b-ambn
kzmb-Ø-am-°nbn-´p-≈-Xn\v Ip‰-hm-fn-
bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv.
X¿°-߃ Pq-Uo-jy¬ {]{In-b-bn-
eqsS ]cn-lmcw ImtW-≠-Xm-sW∂pw
A-¥n-a-hn[nXo¿∏n\v ]q¿W-ambpw hg-
ßp-Ibpw thW-sa∂pw Cu hmIy-Øn-
eqsS Jp¿-B≥ \n¿_-‘n-°p-∂p.
hn[n \S∏m -°p∂ Imcy -Øn¬
bmsXmcp {]Xn-tj-[hpw \ntj-[-`m-
hhpw Ah-ti-j-n°mØ Xc-Øn¬
B hn[n-Xo¿∏n-t\mSv am\kn-I-ambn
s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw thW-sa∂pw
Jp¿-B≥ A\p-im-kn-°p∂p.
PUvPn-am¿ Xß-fpsS IS-a-Iƒ \n-
jv]-£-ambn ]men-t°≠XmsW∂v
Jp¿-B≥ I¬]n-°p-∂p.
""\nivNb-ambpw A√mlp Aam-\-
Øp-Iƒ (kq-£n-∏p-ap-X¬) Ah-bpsS
Ah-Im-in-Iƒ°v Gev∏n-°-W-sa∂v
\nßtfmSv Iev]n-°p-∂p. P\-߃°n-
S-bn¬ \n߃ hn[n Iev]n-°p-tºmƒ
\o-Xn-]q¿hw \n߃ hn[n-I¬]n-°-
Ww. A√mlp \nß-tfmSv D]-tZ-in-°p-
∂-sXt¥m AXv G‰hpw DØa-am-b-
Xm-Ip-∂p. \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp
hfsc tIƒ°p-∂-h\pw \√-t]mse
ImWp-∂-h-\p-am-Ip∂p.'' (4:59)
\oXn sNøpI F∂Xv tIh-e-amb
Hcp _m[yX BIp-∂p. X¿°-Ønse
I£n-I -fpsS Imcy -Øn¬ Ah¿
apkvenwItfm Aap-kvenw-Itfm Bbn-
cn -°p -∂-Xntem AY-hm, A-h¿
apkvenw-Ifpambn kwL-´-\-Øn-em-
sWt∂m kJy-Øn-em-sWt∂m D≈
]cnanX-s∏-Sp-Øtem am‰n-Øn-cn-°tem
\S-Øm≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xm-Ip∂p.
Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p:
""hniz-kn-®-h-tc, \n߃ \oXnbv°v
km£yw -h-ln-°p-∂-h-cmbn A√m-lp-
hn-\p-th≠n \ne-sIm-≈p-hn≥. Hcp
kap -Zm -btØmSp≈ hntcm[w
AhtcmSv \o-Xn-]m-en-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥
\nßsf t{]cn -∏n -°m -Xn -cn -°-s´.
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥18
\n߃ \o-Xn-]m-en-°p-I. AXv ssZh-
`-‡n-bp-ambn G-‰hpw ASp-Ø-Xm-Wv.
\n߃ A√m-lp-hns\ `b-s∏-Sp-I.
Xo¿®-bmbpw A√mlp \n߃
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xns\ Ipdn®v kq£v-
a-ambn Adn-hp-≈-h-\m-Wv.'' (Jp. 5:9).
t\csØ Nq≠n°m-Wn® {]Imcw
Ckvemw Hcp Pohn-X-co-Xn-bmIp∂p.
AtXm-sSm∏w AsXmcp \n-b-am-h-
enbpsSbpw N´-ß-fp-sSbpw kap-®-b-
hp -amIp∂p. a\p -jys‚ s]cp -
am‰Øns‚ {]-am-W-kq-‡-߃ \S-
∏n¬ hcp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw km£y-ßsf
kq£n-°p-Ibpw kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-Xn\pw Jp¿-B≥ {ian-°p-∂-
co-Xnbpw Ah-ew-_n-°p∂ kq£va-
Xbpw Xmsg ]d-bp∂ kq-‡-ß-fn¬
\n∂p a-\- n-em-°mw.
hniz -kn -® -h -tc, \n -߃ Hcp
\nivNnX- A-h[n \n¿W-bn-®p-sIm≠v
]ckv]cw I-S-an-S-]mSv sNøp-∂-Xm-
bm¬ AXv \n߃ FgpXn tcJ-s∏-Sp-
Øp-I. \n߃°n-S-bn¬ Hcp Fgp-Øp-
Im-c≥ \oXn-]q¿hw AXv Fgp-Xs´.
Hcp Fgp-Øp-Im-c\pw Fgp-Xp-∂-Xn\v
hn-k-ΩXw Im -́cp-Xv. ImcWw A√mlp
Abmsf ]Tn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬
Abmƒ Fgp-tX-≠XvXs∂-bm-Wv.
_m≤y-X-tb-‰-h≥ Fgp-Xm≥ hmNIw
]d™p-sIm-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Ah≥
Xs‚ \mY-\mb A√m-lp-hns\ ̀ bs∏-
´p-sIm-≈s´. AXn¬ \n∂v H∂pw
Xs∂ Ah≥ Ipdhv hcp-Ø-cp-Xv. C\n
[\-Øns‚ _m[y-X-bp-≈-h≥ aμ-_p-
≤n-tbm, _e-lo-\t\m AYhm ]-
d™p sImSpØp Fgp-Xn-°m≥ Ignhn-
√m-Ø-ht\m BsW-¶n¬ Ahs‚ c-
£m-I¿Ømhv Ah-\p-th≠n \oXn-
]q¿hw hmNIw ]d-™p-sIm-SpØp
Fgp-Xn-t°≠XmWv. \n-ß-fpsS ]p-cp-
j-∑m-cn¬ \n∂v c≠p-t]sc \n߃
km£n-\n¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp -I.
F∂m¬, B c≠v km£n-Iƒ ]pcp-
j-∑m-c-s√-¶n¬ km-£n-I-fmbn \n߃
Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cn¬ \n∂v Hcp ]pcp-
j\pw c≠v kv{XoI-fpw. Ah¿ c≠v-
t]-cn¬ Hcmƒ ]ng®p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ
HcpØn a‰-hsf Hm¿an-∏n-°p-hm-\m-
WnXv. km£n-Isf hnfnbv°ptºmƒ
Ah¿ hn-k-Ω-Xn-°-cp-Xv. AXv (C-S-]m-
Sv) sNdp-Xm-bmepw hep-Xm-bmepw
AXns‚ Ah[n \n¿W-bn-®p-sIm≠v
Fgp-Xn-sh-°p-∂-Xn\v \n-߃ DZm-ko-
\X ImWn-°p-Ibp-a-cp-Xv. A√m-lp-
hns‚ ASp -°¬ G‰hpw \oXn -
]q¿hhpw km -£ysØ G‰hpw
sNmΔmb \ne-bn¬ \n¿Øp-∂-Xn\p ]-
cym-]vXhpw \n߃ kw-i-bn-°m-Xn-cn-
°m≥ G‰hpw D]-bp-‡-hp-am-Wn-Xv. F-
∂m¬, \n߃ ]c-kv]cw \S-Øp∂
sdm°-°-®-hSw CXn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hm-
Wv. A-ß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv Fgp-
Xn-sh-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n߃°v
Ip‰-sam∂p-an-√. \n߃ At\m\yw
{Ib-hn-{Ibw sNøp-tºmgpw km£n-
\n¿ØpI. F-gp -Øp -Im -c -s\bpw
km£n-sbbpw hnj-an-∏n-°p-I-bp-a-cp-
Xv. \n߃ Aßs\ sNøp-∂-]£w
\nß-fn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ A[¿a-am-bn-cn-
°pw AXv. A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-
°pI. A√mlp \n߃°v ]Tn-∏n-®p-
X-cp-∂p. A√mlp k¿h-Im-cy-ß-sf-
°p-dn®pw A`n-⁄\m-Wv.
""C\n \n߃ bm{X-bn-em-bn-cn-°p-
Ibpw \n߃°v Hcp F-gp-Øp-Im-cs\
In-´m-sX-h-cn-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]£w
(ISw-sIm-Sp-Ø-h\v) ssIhi-∏-Wbw
\¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv. Aßs\ \nß-fn¬
Nne¿ Nne-sc-h-√Xpw hniz-kn-t®¬]n-
®m¬ hnizkn-t®¬∏n-°-s∏-´-h≥
Ahs‚ Aam-\Øv (B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-
tºmƒ) Xncn-®p-sIm-Sp-°-s´. Ah≥
Xs‚ \mY-\mb A√m-lp -hns\
kq£n-®p-sIm-≈s´. \n߃ km£yw
ad-®p-sh-°-cp-Xv. Bsc-¶nepw km£yw
ad -®p -sh-°p -∂-Xm -bm¬ Ahs‚
lrZbw ]m-]-{K-kvX-am-Ip-∂p. \n߃
{]h¿-Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v A√mlp
\√ t]mse Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv.''
A√mlp Cß-s\bpw Iev]n-°p-
∂p. ""A\Ym-°p-́ nbv°v Imcy -{]m]vXn
FØp-∂-Xp-hsc G‰hpw D-Øaamb
hn[-Øn-e-√msX AXns‚ (B Ip´n-bp-
sS) [\sØ \n߃ kao-]n-°-cp-Xv.
\n߃ Afhpw Xq°hpw \oXn --
]q¿hw ]q¿-Øn-bm-°p-I. Hcmsfbpw
Abm-fpsS I-gn-hn¬s]´-Xn\√msX
\mw DØ-c-hm-Zn-bm-°p-I-bn-√. kwkm-
cn-°p-tºmƒ Bƒ \nßfpsS ASpØ
_‘p-hm-bm¬ t]mepw ̨ \oXn-]q¿hw
kwkm-cn-°p-I. A√m-lp-hns‚ Icm-
dns\ \n߃ ]q¿Øn -bm -°p -I.
A√mlp CXns\ kw_-‘n®p \nß-
tfmSv Xm°o-Xmbn A\p-im-kn-°p-∂p.
\n߃ D]-tZiw Ic-ÿ-am-°p-∂-Xn-
\p-th≠n.'' (6:153)
Cu c≠v kw£n]vX Jfin-I-I-
fn¬ ]e-X-c-Øn-ep≈ \-S-]-Sn-{I-a-ß-fp-
sSbpw km£y-ß-fp-sSbpw \nb-a-
ßfpw a‰p N-́ -ßfpw AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-
∂p. Nne khn-ti-j-Im-cy-ß-sfm-gn-
®m¬ F√m Icm-dp -Ifpw F-gpXn
kq£n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
_m≤yX G¬°p-∂-bm -fmWv
Icm¿ ]d-s™-gp-Xn-t°-≠-Xv. I£n
AXn\v {]m]vX-\-s√∂p hcp-∂-]£w
c£n-Xmhv AXv ]d-s™-gp-Xn-°-Ww.
Fgp-Øp-Im-c\pw km£n-Ifpw AXv
\oXn-]q¿hw \n¿hln-°m≥ I¬]n-°-
s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ
km-£n -bmbn lm-P -cm -tI-≠Xpw
km£yw ]d-tb-≠-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.
Hcp A\m-Y-kz-Øns‚ \S-Øn∏v
Imcy-Ønepw a‰v ]e \n¿tZ-i-ßfpw
Jp¿-B≥ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. _‘-
s∏´ Bƒ, Hcp _‘p BsW-¶n¬
kXy-k-‘-ambpw \oXn-]q¿h-ambpw
kwkm-cn-t°≠ Imcyw Du∂n-∏-d-™n-
cn-°p-∂p. Cu _m[y-X-Iƒ \n¿h-ln-
°p-∂Xv ssZh-hp-am -bp≈ Icm¿
]q¿Øn-bm-°-em-bn-́ mWv hnhcn-°-s∏-
´n-´p-≈-Xv. C-°m-cy-Øn¬ [m¿anI
_m≤y-X-Iƒ ChnsS Du∂n-∏-d-™n-cn-
°p∂p.
\oXn]oTØns‚ ]hn-{X-Xbpw
A¥ pw Ckvem-an¬ F°m-e-hpw
]q¿W-ambpw kwc-£n-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v.
PpUo-jy-dn -bpsS ]cn -]q¿W-amb
kzmX{¥X XpS°w ap-X¬t° Xs∂
Dd-∏n-°-s∏-́ n-cp-∂p. \oXn-bpsS \ne-hm-
csØ PUvPn-am¿ IWni-ambn apdpsI
]nSn-®-Xns‚ F{Xtbm DZml--c-W-߃
Ncn -{X-Øn¬ tc-J-s∏-Sp -Øn-bn -cn -
°p∂p. ̀ c-W-X-e-Øn¬ tcJs∏-Sp-Øn-
bn-cn-°p-∂p. `c-W-Ø-e-h-\m-bm¬
t]mepw At±lw kz-Im-cy-CS]mSp-
ambn \oXn-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ lm-P-cmIp-I-
bm-sW-¶n¬ I£n-Iƒ°nSbn¬ Hcp
\ne-bnepw ]£-]m-X-]-c-amb t\cn-
sbmcp kao-]-\w-t]mepw Acp-sX-
∂mWv \n¿tZ-in-°-s∏-´n-´p-≈-Xv.
CsX√mw ]Xn-aq∂v i-X-h¬k-c-
߃°v apºp-Xs∂ tc-J-s∏´p InS∂
\n¿tZi-ß-fm-sW∂pw Ah \n-jvIr-jvS-
ambpw ]men-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw \n¿h-ln-°-
s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-́ p-s≠∂pw Hm¿t°-
≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ckvemw \n¿tZin-®n-
´p≈ Cu Db¿∂ ]cn-Iev]-\-Iƒ
]n¬°m-eØv A\p-h¿Øn-°-s∏-́ n-s√-
∂Xv tJZ-I-c-amWv. F∂m¬, Ckvem-an-
I-aq-ey-ßsf ]p\xÿm]n-°m-\p≈
apkvenw-I-fpsS B¿Øn ̀ mhnsb kw_-
‘n-®n-S-tØmfw {]Xym-ibv°v hgn-sbm-
cp-°p∂p F∂Xv FSp-Øp-]-d-bmsX Xc-
an√.
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥19
a¿b-ans‚ aI≥ lZvdØv akolv
ÿqe-i-co-c-tØm-Sp-IqSn BIm-i-
tØ°v FSp-°-s∏-´p -sh∂pw Hcp
ImeØv BImiØp-\n∂v Cd-ßn-h-cp-
sa∂pw Hc-f-thmfw `n∂m-`n-{]m-b-
tØmsSbmsW¶nepw apkvenwIfpw
{InkvXym-\n-Ifpw hniz-kn®p hcp-∂p.
Cu hnizmkw sX‰m-sW∂v Fs‚ Cu
sNdp-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ Rms\-gp-Xn°-gn-
™n-cn -°p-∂p. Cd-ßp-sa-∂-Xns‚
Dt±iyw bYm¿Y-Øn¬ a¿b-ans‚
aI≥ ako-ln‚ Cd-°-a-√, {]XypX
Be-¶m-cn-I-amb \ne-bn¬ Hcp ako-
lns‚ kZr-i≥ hcp-sa∂ ktμ-i-
amWv \evI-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXns‚
{]XoIw A√m-lp-hns‚ shfn-]mSpw
AS-bm-f-hp-a-\p-k-cn®v Cu hn\o-X-\m-Wv. hy‡-amb C¬lmw aptJ\
ÿm]n-X-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Fs‚ Cu
ktμiw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-tXmsS
Hcp-]mSv t]\-Iƒ F\n-s°-Xn-cn¬ Db-
cp-Ibpw B›cyP\-Ihpw Xos∏m-cn-`-
cn-X-hp-amb Hcp _lfw s]mXp-P-\-ß-
fn¬ D≠m-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂v F\n-
°-dn-bmw. hnjbw hnkvX-cn®p ]d-bp-
∂-Xn¬\n∂v Ct∏mƒ amdn-\n-ev°m\pw
Btcm-]-W-߃ D∂-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂
t\cØv AX-I-‰m≥th≠n, Btcm-]-
I-cpsS \ne-hnse Nn¥m-K-Xn-°-\p-k-
cn®v hni-Z-amb Imc-W-ßfpw sXfn-hp-
Ifpw ka¿∏n-°m-\p-amWv Rm\p-t±-in-
®n-cp-∂-Xv. ]t£, B Dt±-iy-Øn¬
Cßs\ Hcp-tZmjw Ct∏mƒ ImWp-
∂p. Rm\p-Ss\ AXv Fgp-Xp-∂n-s√-
¶n¬ s]mXp-P-\-߃ am{X-a√ {]XypX
apkvenwI-fnse {][m-\-hy-‡n-Ifpw
˛A-h-cnse Nne aue-hn-am-cm-W-Xv˛
Xß-fpsS Nn¥m-Ip-d-hp-sIm≠v Rm≥
]d-bp∂ Imcy-߃ sX‰m-sW∂v
sXfn-bn-°m≥th≠n A\ym-b-am-bn´v
Fgp-t∂-ev°p-Ibpw F¥m-bmepw
Xß-fpsS hmZ-Øns‚ ]£w-]n-Sn®v
AXv kXyamsW∂v ÿm-]n°m\m-{K-
ln -°p-Ibpw sNøpw. AXn -\m¬
A\ym-b-°m-cmbn FXn-cn¬ Fgp-
t∂‰p \nev°pI F∂Xv Ah¿°v
i‡-amb ad-bm-bn-cn-°pw. CXn¬\n∂v
]pdØp hcn-Ibpw X߃ {]Jym-]n®
Dt± -iy -Øn¬\n∂v aS -ßp -Ibpw
sNøpI Ah¿°v {]bm-k-I-c-sa-∂-√,
Akw-`m-hy-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw. F¥p-sIm-
s≠-∂m¬ GsX-¶nepw auehn
km£yw hln -®p -sIm≠v Hcp
\n¿tZiw {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw Xs‚
Xocp -am -\-ambn \n›-bn -°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp Ign-™m¬ AXn¬\n∂v
]n∑m-dpI F∂Xv ac-WtØ-°mƒ
tami-ambn ImWn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-bn-
´mWv Ft∏mgpw I≠phcp-∂-Xv.
AXp-sIm≠v Ah¿ FXn-cn¬h∂v
a¿°-S-ap-jvSn-bp-sSbpw ]nSn-hm-in-
bpsSbpw hn]-Øp-I-fn¬ AI-s∏-Sp-∂-
Xn\p aptº _p≤nam\pw \oXn-am\pw
kXym-t\z-j-I-\p-amb Hcmƒ°v Xr]vXn-
bm-Ipw-hn[w hy‡hpw {]am-W-]-c-hp-
amb \ne-bn¬ Imcy-߃ a\- n-em-
°n-s°m-Sp-°m-sa∂v A√m-lp-hns‚
Ir]m-I-Sm-£-Øm¬ Rm≥ hnNm-cn-®p.
]n∂oS v Fgp -tX≠ Bhiyw
h∂m¬Xs∂, AXv ssZhnI {KŸ-ß-
fnse Be-¶m-cnI {]tbm-K-ß-fpsS
Dt±-iy-ß-fptSbpw kmt¶-XnI ]Z-{]-
tbm-K-ß-fp-tSbpw AXo-h-K-l-\-amb
XØz-c-l-ky-ß-fp-tSbpw hymJym-\-
ßsf kw_-‘n®v H∂pw Adn-bm-Ø-
hcpw F∂√ AXv kv]¿in-®n-´p-t]m-
ep-an-√m-Ø-h-cp-amb Atß-b‰w ip≤-
∑mcpw aT-b-∑m-cp-am-bn-´p-≈-h¿°pw
hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ ⁄m\w sXm´p-Xo-
≠n-bn-´n-√m-Ø-h¿°pw th≠n-bm-bn-
cn°pw Fgp-tX-≠n-h-cn-I.
BZyw ss__n-fn-t‚bpw \ΩpsS
lZo-Yp-I-fp-tSbpw Znhy{K-Ÿ-ß-fp-
tSbpw- ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ÿqe ico-
c-tØm-SpIqSn G-sX√mw \_n-am-cmWv
BIm-i-Øn¬ t]mbn-´p-≈Xmbn k¶-
ev]n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v kv]jvS-
ambn Fgp-Xm-\m-{K-ln-°p-∂p. Ah¿
c≠p \_n-am-cm-Wv. H∂v tbml-∂m≥.
At± -l-Øns‚ t]cv Gen -bmhv
F∂pw CZvcokv F∂p-ap-≠v. c≠m-a-
tØXv a¿b-ans‚ aI≥ Cu-km. Ct±-
lsØ Cukm F∂pw tbip F∂pw
]d-bp-∂p-≠v. Cu c≠p \_n-am-sc-°p-
dn®v ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn-tebpw ]pXn-b-\n-
b-a-Øn-tebpw Nne GSp-I-fn¬, Ah¿
c≠p-t]cpw BIm-i-tØ°v Db-¿Ø-
s∏-´p-sh∂pw Hcp ImeØv `qan-bn¬
Cd-ßn-h-cp-sa∂pw Ah¿ BIm-i-Øp-
\n-∂n-d-ßp-∂Xv \n߃ ImWp-sa∂pw
hnh-cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu {KŸ-ß-
fn¬ ]d-™n-´p-f-f-Xn\v Hc-f-thmfw
IqSn-°-e¿∂ hm°p-Iƒ lZo-Yp-I-
fnepw ImWmw. ]t£, ss__n-fn¬
tbml-∂m≥ As√-¶n¬ Gen-bmhv
F∂ t]cn¬ hnfn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂
lZvdØv CZvco-kns\ kw_-‘n®v
C©o-en¬ \evIn -bn -´p -ff hn[n,
kIcnbm-bpsS aI≥ blvbm P\n-®-
ako-lns‚ ]p\-cm-K-a\w
Xukosl admw˛1(D-t±-iy-{]-I-S-\w)
lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv (A)
teJ\w
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥20
tXm-Sp-IqSn At±-l-Øns‚ BIm-i-
Øp-\n-∂p-ff hchv kw -̀hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-
sh-∂m-Wv. lZvdØv akolv hy‡-
amb hm°p -I -fn¬ ]d -bp -∂p,
""\n߃°v ]cn-{K-ln-∏m≥ a\- p-s≠-
¶n¬ hcp -hm -\p -ff Gen -bmhv
Ah≥Xs∂.''
AXp-sIm≠v \_n-bpsS Un∏m¿´p-
sa‚ n¬\n∂v BIm-i -Øn¬
t]mbXpw ]ns∂mcp ImeØv hcp-
hm\p-f-f-Xp-amb Hcmƒ AXm-bXv Gen-
bm-hns‚ Xocp-am\w hn[n-°-s∏´p Ign-
™p. ho≠pw Cdßpsa-∂Xns‚
bmYm¿Yyhpw Ah-ÿbpw a\- n-em-
Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. C©o-ens‚ shfn-
®-Øn¬ F√m {InkvXym-\n-I-fp-tSbpw
sFII-WvtTy -\ -bp -ff hnizmkw
BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v Cd-ßp-sa∂v {]Xo-
£n-®n-cp∂ Gen-bmhv, lZvdØv anin-
lm-bpsS ImeØv BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v
Cd-ßn-h-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. Fß-s\-sb-
∂m¬ kIcn-bm-bpsS ho´n¬ AtX
{]Ir-X-tØm-Spw {]tXy-I-X-tbmSpw-IqSn
Hcp aI-\p -≠m-bn. Ahs‚ t]cv
blvbm F∂m-bn-cp-∂p.
F∂m¬, blq-Zn-Iƒ C∂pw At±-
l-Øns‚ Cd°w {]Xo-£n-®n-cn-°p-I-
bm-Wv. Gen-bmhv Xs∂ BIm-i-Øp-
\n∂v Cd-ßp-sa-∂mWv Ah¿ ]d-bp-
∂-Xv. BZyw _bvØp¬ aJvZ-kns‚
an\m-c -ß-fn¬ At±lw Cdßpw.
]n∂oSv blq-Zn-Iƒ kwL-Sn®v GWn-
bn-eqsS At±-lsØ Xmsg Cd-°n-
s°m≠p hcpw. lZvdØv akolv (A)
Gen-bm-hns‚ Cd-°sØ kw_-‘n®v
]d™ hymJym\w blq-Zn-I-tfmSp ]d-
bp-tºmƒ s]s´∂v tIm]m-Ip-e-cmbn
lZvdØv ako-ln-t\bpw A{]-Im-cw-
Xs∂ lZvdØv blvbmtbbpw Ah¿
NoØ ]d-bm≥ XpS-ßp-∂p. B \_n
]d-™-Xns\ Hcp aX-Xym-Kn-bpsS
Nn¥mKXn-bmbn Icp-Xp-∂p. F¥m-
bmepw BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v Cd-ßp-sa-
∂p-ff ]Zw hymJym\w Dƒs°m-f-fp-
∂p-≠v. ako-lns‚ hymJym-\-tØmsS
AXns‚ bmYm¿Yyw {]I-S-am-bn-°-gn-
™p. At±-l-Øns‚ Xs∂ hnh-c-W-
Øm¬ Genbmhv BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v
Cd-ßp-sa-∂-Xns‚ t]cn-ep-ff Ie-l-
ßfpw ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏-´p. Cd-ßp-sa∂v
]d-™Xv, Fß-s\-bmWv Cd-ßpI
F∂ Imcyhpw hy‡-am-°-s∏-´p.
F∂m¬, ako-lns‚ Cd-°sØ
kw_-‘n®v, Ct∏mgpw hfsc Bth-
i-tØm-sS-bmWv hnh-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv;
At±lw taØ-chpw cmP-Io-bhpw
hne-]n-Sn-®-Xp-amb hkv{Xw [cn®v 1 ae-
°p-I-tfm-sSm∏w BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v Cd-
ßp-as{X! F∂m¬, Fhn-sS-bmWv
At±lw Cd-ßpI F∂-Xns\ kw_-
‘n®v Cu c≠p P\-X-Iƒ°pw GtIm-
]n® A`n-{]mb-an-√. BZ-c-Wo-b-amb
a°-bn-tem, AX√ e≠-\nse GsX-
¶nepw {InkvXy≥ tZhm-e-b-Øntem
AX√ tamkvtIm-bnse imln Ieo-
km-bntem? {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Xß-fpsS
]gb hnizm-k-ßsf A‘-ambn A\p-
I-cn -°p-I-bn-s√-¶n¬, Ah¿ apkv
enwIsf At]-£n®v ako-lns‚
Cd°w, lZvdØv ako-lns‚ hy‡-
amb hm°p-I-fn -ep -ff hnh-c-Ww-
sIm≠v a\- n -em -bn -°-gn -™-Xp -
t]mse, AtX hymJym-\-a-\p-k-cn-
®vXs∂ D≠m-I-W-sa∂v Ah¿°v
s]s´∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. F¥p-
sIm-s≠-∂m¬ Htc-sbmcp Ah-ÿ-bn-
ep -ff c≠v -Imcy߃°v c≠v
hyXykvX A¿Y-߃ _m[IamhpI
F∂Xv kw`m-hy-a-√.
Gen-bmhv BIm-iØv \n∂n-d-ßp-
sa-∂-Xns\ kw_-‘n-®p-ff lZvdØv
ako-ln-s‚ hymJym\w bYm¿Y-Øn¬
icn-bm-sW-¶n¬, lZvdØv ako-lns‚
Cd-°sØ kw_-‘n® tI nepw ̨ A-
Xm-sW-¶n¬ B BZy tI ns‚ X\n-
∏-I¿∏p-am-Wv˛ B hymJym-\sØ
ssIs°mt-f-f-≠-Xt√, F∂ Imcyw
A`n-{]mbw {]I-Sn -∏n -°p-∂-h¿°v
Nn¥m¿l-am-bn-´p-f-f-Xm-Wv. GsXmcp
Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Hcp \_n Cu cl-ky-
Øns‚ bmYm¿Yyw ]c-ky-am-°p-
Ibpw {]IrXn \nb-ahpw AXp-Xs∂
B{K-ln-°p-Ibpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-tºmƒ B hy‡hpw t\cp-amb
hgnsb Dt]-£n®v Ipg-∏-ap-f-fXpw
Bt£-]m¿l-hp-amb Hcp hgn kz¥-
ambn sh´n-sØ-fn®v D≠m-°n-sb-Sp-
°pI F∂Xv Fß-s\-bmWv kzoIm-
cy-am-Ip-∂-Xv? ako-lns‚ hnh-c-W-
Øn\v ]q¿W-amb ]n¥pW e`n-°-s∏´
⁄m\n-Ifpw hnizm-kn-I-fp-am-b-h-cpsS
_p≤n as‰-hn-tS-s°-¶nepw Xncn-bptam?
aq∂p h¿j-߃°p-f-fn¬ akolv
BIm-i-Øp-\n-∂n-d-ßp-sa∂ {]hN\w
Ct∂°v ]Øp h¿jw aptº (Cu
{KŸw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®Xv 1891-̨ -em-sW-∂-
Imcyw Hm¿°p-I) {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ
CwKvfojv ]{X-߃ aptJ\ {]kn-≤o-
I-cn®p Ign-™n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. Ct∏mƒ
A√mlp B Cd-ßp-∂-bm-fns‚ AS-
bmfw \evIn-b-t∏mƒ, G‰-hp-amZyw
At± -lsØ hniz -kn -t°-≠Xv ,
X߃sNbvX {]h-N-\sØ kzbw
\ntj-[n -°p -∂ -h -cm -Im -Xn -c n -°m -
≥th≠n {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v \n¿_-
‘-am-Wv.
lZvdØv akolv Db¿Ø-s∏-́ -Xn-\p-
tijw kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-®p-sh∂v
{InkvXy-m\n -Iƒ hniz -kn -°p-∂p.
eqt°m-kns‚ kphn -ti-j-Øn¬
lZvdØv ako-lp-Xs∂ Hcp If-fs\
kam-[m-\-s∏-SpØn ]d-™p, "C∂p \o
Gt∂m-Sp-IqsS kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-
in°pw.' (eq-t°mkv 23:43). sNdnb ]Z-
hn-bn-ep-ff Bfm-sW-¶n-epw Hcmƒ
kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-®m¬ ]n∂oSv
AXn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øm-°s∏SpIbn-√
F∂Xv {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS GtIm-]n®
hnizm-k-am-Wv. CtX hnizm-kw-X-s∂-
bmWv apkvenwI-fp-tS-Xpw. A√mlp
hnip≤ Jp¿ -B-\n¬ ]d -bp∂p:
hamlpw an≥lm _nap-Jvd-Po≥ (15:49)AXm-bXv kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-°-s∏-
Sp-∂-h¿ ]n∂oSv AXn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øm-
°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬
lZvdØv akolv kz¿K-Øn¬ IS-∂p-
sh∂v hy‡-am-bn´v ]d-™n-´n-s√-¶n-
epw, At±lw acn-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-
sh∂v aq∂v ÿeØv ]d-bp-∂p-≠v.*
]cn-ip-≤m-flm-°ƒ acn-°pI F∂Xpw
kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-°pI F∂Xpw
Htc-sbmcp hn[n°v hnt[-b-ambn´p-≈-
Xm-Wv. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ "Joe-ZvJp-en¬ P∂Ø' (36:27), "hZvJpeoP∂Øo' (89:31) F∂o Jp¿-B≥ hN-
1CSp-ßn-bXpw ]‰n-°n-S-°p-∂-Xp-amb ss]Pm-a hc-bp-ff taØcw ]´p-h-kv{Xw, an\p-k-∏´v
hkv{Xw, Ik-hp-\q-ens‚ tNcp-h-tbmsS s\bvsX-SpØ ]´p hkv{Xw, Ik-hp-\qepw ]´p-\qepw
Iq´n-°-e¿Øn s\bvX hkv{Xw, kz¿W \qep-sIm≠v s\bvsX-SpØ hkv{Xw, As√-¶n¬
km[m-cW tIm´≥ hkv{Xw, Hmbn¬hkv{Xw, X≥tk-_v, G≥Kv N°≥, Kp¬i≥, a√vhkv{Xw,
he-t]mse Zzmc-ap-ff hkv{Xw, L\w-Ip-d™ akven≥h-kv{Xw, hc-I-fp-ff XpWn-sIm-≠p-≠m-
°nb hkv{Xw, NXp-c-°-f-ß-fp-ff hkv{Xw XpS-ßn-b-h-t]mse tcmaw-sImt≠m ]´p-\q-ep-
sImt≠m \n¿an-®n-´p-ff hkv{X-߃ [cn-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cn°pw At±lw Cd-ßn-h-cnI!! CXv
BIm-iØv BcmWv s\bvX-Xv ? BcmWv Xp∂n-bXv ? F∂-Xns\ kw_-‘n®v apkvenwI-
fn¬\nt∂m {InkvXym-\n-I-fn¬\nt∂m CXp-hsc Bcpw ]d-™p-X-∂n-´n-√.
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥21
\-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v Ah¿ H´pw-Xm-a-kn-
bmsX kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-°-s∏-Sp-
∂p. AXm -bXv ssZh-km -ao]yw
{]m]n® ako-ln-s\-t∏m-ep-ff Hcp
hy‡n kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-®-Xn-\p-
tijw AXn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øm-°-s∏-Sp-
∂Xv kw`hy-amtWm F∂ Imcyw
Ct∏mƒ {i≤m-]q¿hw ]cn-tim-[n-®-dn-
tb-≠Xv apkvenwIfpw {InkvXym-\n-I-
fp-amb c≠p Iq´-cp-tSbpw \n¿_‘
IS-a-bm-Wv. A√m-lp-hns‚ kIe
{KŸ-ß-fnepw Bh¿Øn-®m -
h¿Øn®pw kphy-‡-ambpw hmKvZm\w
sNbvXn-´p-ff Imcy-amWv kz¿K-Øn¬
{]th-in-°p-∂-h≥ ]n∂oSv AXn¬
\n∂v ]pd-Øm-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn√ F∂-Xv.
At∏mƒ akolv ho≠pw hcnI
F∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ hmKvZm -\-
Øns‚ ewL-\-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bnt√?
al-Ø-chpw JWvUn -X -hp -amb
AØcw hmKvZm\w ewLn°pI
F∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ kIe hmKvZm-
\-ß-fp-tS-bpw-ta¬ Hcp i‡-amb
tImfn -f°w krjvSn -°p-I-bnt√?
AØcw hnizmkw sh®p-]p-e¿Øp-
∂Xv ako-ln-s‚-ta¬ A\ym-b-am-bn´v
apko-_Øv hen-®ps-h-°p-sa∂v am{X-
a√ Cu \nc¿Y-I-amb Imcy-ß-fm¬
A√m-lp-hns‚ aln-am-hn-em-k-Øn\v
CSnhp X´p-I-bpw -A-h-t\mSp ImWn-
°p∂ Atß-b-‰sØ A]-a-cym-Z-bp-
ambn-cn-°p-a-Xv.Hcp \n m-c-amb hnizm-
kw-sIm-≠v-˛-tam£w {]m]n-°m-\p-ff
D]-am-e-¶m-c-Øns‚ hgn AXn-ep-≠p-
Xm-\pw˛ henb henb aX-]-c-amb
kXy-߃ \nß-fpsS ssIbm¬ acn-
®p -t]m -Ip -∂-Xmb C°m-cysØ
AXoh -{i-≤-tbmSpw AXn-kq-£-va-X-
tbm-Spw-IqSn t\m°n-°m-tW-≠XmWv.
hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Zpjn® Cu Hcp
hnizm-k-Øn¬ Ipg-∏-ß-tfm-Sp-IqSn
Iq´w-Iq-´ -ambn Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v
tZmj-߃]-‰n -t®-¿∂n-cn -°p-Ibpw
FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ°v ]cn-l-kn-°m\pw
A]-l-kn -°m-\p -ap -ff Ah-kcw
ssIh-cn -Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Rm≥
aptºbpw ]d™p Ign-™n-´p-f-f-Xm-
Wv, CØcw Znhym-Zv`p-X-߃X-s∂-
bmbncp∂p a°-bnse \ntj-[n-Iƒ
\ΩpsS t\Xmhpw bP-am-\-cp-amb
lZvdØv JmØ-ap¬Aºn-bm- (k)-
tbmSp tNmZn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. AXm-bXv
X߃ Im¨sI BIm-iØp Ib-dn-
t∏m-Im\pw X߃ Im¨sI Cd-ßn-
h-cm-\qw-X-s∂. Ah¿°v adp-]Sn In´n-
bXv "Jp¬ kp_vlm\ d∫o' (17:94)AXm-bXv AØcw Xpd∂ \ne-bn-
ep≈ Znhy-Zr-jvSm¥w Cu ]co-£-Wm-
e-b-Øn¬ ImWn-°p-Ibpw AZr-iy-]-
c-amb hnizm-k-Øns‚ bp‡nsb
C√m-Xm-°p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂-Xn¬
\n∂v A√m-lp-hns‚ bp‡n`{Z-amb
aln-am-hn-emkw ]cn-ip-≤-am-Wv.
C\n Rm≥ tNmZn-°-s´, \_n-am-
cn¬ t{ijvT-\mb \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-
\n°v ImWn°m≥ ]‰m-ØXpw A√m-
lp-hns‚ \S-]-Sn -Iƒ°v ]pd-Øm-
sW∂v a\- n-em-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-amb
Imcyw lZvdØv ako -ln\v
ImWn°m≥ Ign -bp -∂-sX-ßs\?
\_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n°v sNøm≥ ]‰n√
* ^eΩm Xh-^v^-bvØ\o Ip≥X A≥X¿d-
Jo_ Aebvlnw (5;118)
h C≥Ωn≥ Alve ¬ In-Xm_n C√m
ebpAvan\-∂-_nlo J_ve auXnlo (4:160)
CZv Jme-√mlp bm Cukm C∂o apX-h-
^v^o° h dm^n-D° Ceø (3:56)
F∂p \Ωƒ Icp-Xp∂ Hcp Imcyw
lZvdØv ako-ln\v sNøm≥ Ign-bp-
sa∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv Xn-I™ A]-a-cym-
Z -bm -Wv . kXy -k-‘-\mb Hcp
apk¬am-\n¬\n∂v AØcw A]-a-
cymZ D≠m-Iptam? Hcn-°-ep-an-√. apI-
fn¬]-d-b-s∏´ Cu Nn¥m-KXn Ipd®p
Ime-ambn apkvenwI-fn¬ hym]n-®n-cn-
°p∂p F∂ Imcyhpw hy‡-ambpw
{]I-S--am-Wv. \ΩpsS {KŸ-ß-fnemsW-
¶n¬ ic-nbmb \ne-bn¬ AXns‚ AS-
bm-fw-t]m-ep-an-√. F∂√ lZo-Yp-Isf
sX‰mb coXn-bn¬ a\- n-em-°n-b-
Xns‚ Hcp sX‰mb ̂ e-am-Wn-Xv. AXn-
t\m-sSm∏w Hcp-]mSv ASn-°p-dn-∏p-Ifpw
Fgp-Xn-∏n-Sn-∏n-°-s∏-́ p. sI´n-®-a-®p-≠m-
°nb ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-amb Imcy-
߃sIm≠v Ah Ae-¶-cn-°-s∏-´p.
bYm¿Y Dt±-iy-Øn-te°v hgn-Im-́ n-bm-
Im-hp∂ F√m Imcy-ßfpw Ah-K-Wn-
°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXns\ kw_-
‘n®v Atß-b‰w kv]jvShpw hy‡-
hp-amb lZoYv, Camw apl-ΩZp Ckvam-
bo¬ _pJmcn dlva -Øp -√mln
Aebvln Xs‚ kzlo-ln¬ A_q
lpdbvd (d) s‚ cnhm-b-Ømbn Fgp-
Xnbn´pff-Xm-Wv. AXn-Xm-Wv, Ibv^A≥Xpw CZm \k-e_v\p a¿ba^o°pw h Cam-ap°pw an≥Ipw AXm-
bXv C_v\p a¿bw \nß-fn¬ Cd-
ßp∂ Znhkw \nß-fpsS Ahÿ
F¥m-bn-cn-°pw. AXm-cmWv? At±lw
\nß-fpsS Xs∂ Hcp Cam-am-bn-cn-°pw.
At±lw \nß-fn¬\n∂v P\n-°p-∂-Xm-
Wv. (Xukolv admw, t]Pv 1˛11)
˛Xp-S-cpw)
hnh: auehn apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bo¬
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥22
Ckveman\v DZmc P\m[n]Xyhpambn
tN¿∂p t]mIm\mhptam? Hcp
P\m[n]Xy cmjv{Sob `cWIqSw
\SØns°m≠p t]mIm≥ icoAØv
\nba߃ `cW \nbaßfmbn
am‰m≥ ]‰ptam? Cu ASpØ
ImeØv Cu tNmZy߃ i‡amb
tXmXn¬ D∂bn°s∏´psIm≠ncn
°p∂p. ]m›mXy tZißfnep≈
P\߃ AZv`pXs∏Sp∂Xv apkvenw
Iƒ°v klnjvWpX ]pe¿Øm\pw
Hcp _lpkzckaqlØn¬ Pohn°m
\pw km[n°ptam F∂mWv. F√m
hnizmkßfpw kzmKXw sNøs∏Sp
∂ Hcp kaqlhpambn kam[m\]
camb klh¿ØnXzØn¬ Ignbm≥
Ckvemw apkvenwIsf A\phZn°p
tam? ‘Dreaming of a Caliphate’ F∂
t]cn¬ 2011 sk]vXw_¿ 12\ v
{]kn≤oIcn® "C°tWmankv‰n'¬
teJI≥ A`n{]mbs∏Sp∂Xv
"]q¿W hnIknXamb DZmc P\m[n]Xyhpambn (Full-blown Liberal De-mocracy) A\pcRvP\Øn¬h¿Øn
°m≥ Ckveman\v {]bmkIcamWvF∂Xns\ ]‰n Fs¥¶nepw hmZn°pI F∂Xv Hcp ̂ mj\mbn Xo¿∂ncn°p∂p' F∂mWv. a‰p hm°pIfn¬
]d™m¬ IpSpX¬ IqSpX¬
BfpIƒ hnizkn®p hcp∂Xv
Ckveman\v AXmbXv apkvenwIƒ°v
sk°pe¿ AhImißsfbpw kzmX
{¥ysØbpw P\m[n]XysØbpw
_lpkzcXsbbpw ]n¥pW°m≥
km≤ya√ F∂mWv.
CXv DØcw \¬Is∏tS≠
Ckvemans\Xnscbp≈ KpcpXcamb
Hcmtcm]WamWv. C°tWmankv‰n
se Ipdn∏pIƒ {]Imcw Ckvemw
ktμlnIƒ (Islamosceptics) D∂bn
°p∂ Hcp Btcm]Ww Cßs\
bmWv. apkvenwIƒ ]p\cp÷ohn∏n
°m\m{Kln°p∂ Iment^‰v (Caliph-ate) \n›bambpw cmjv{Sob ]›mØ
eap≈XmW.v Hcp BZ¿i `cW
amXrI F∂ \ne°v CkvemanI
temIØv BsI kzm[o\ap≈
aXcmjv{Sob A[nImcØns‚ Ccn∏n
SambmWv apkvenwIƒ Iment^‰ns\
AYhm Jnem^Øns\ ImWp∂Xv.
Aßs\bmsW¶n¬ aX\nct]£
amb P\Iob `cWIqSsØ Hcp
\o°vt]m°v F∂\nebnembncn°pw
apkvenwIƒ Ft∏mgpw IW°m°pI.
Ah¿°p≈ as‰mcp Bi¶, Ckvem
anse in£m\nbasØ ]‰nbpw
IpSpw_ \nbasØ°p dn®pamWv.
Ah kv{Xo]pcpj kaXz Øns‚
en_d¬ Bibßfpambn s]mcpØ
s]´pt]mIptam. A{]Imcw Aapk
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Ckvemans\ kw_‘n®p≈
CØcw k¶¬∏ßfn¬ Nne kwib
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s‚ A[nImcsØ kw_‘n®v
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Ckvemw,Utam{Ikn,
Jnem^Øv\Jmjv AlvaZv. bp. Fkv.
& jlvkmZv AlvaZv. bp. sI
teJ\w
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥23
kaXzØns‚ DZmc ho£W
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IpSpw_\nbahpw {Inan\¬ \nbahpw
s]mcpØs∏Sp∂p. Cu tNmZy߃
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t®¬∏n°p∂Xns\ Ckvemw Hcn°
epw AwKoIcn°p∂n√.
Jnem^Øv: cmj{Sobtam?BXvaobtam?
G‰hpw kp{][m\amb tNmZyw
Jnem^Øns‚ bYm¿Y kz`mhsØ
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WbmWv. CkvemanI Jnem^Øns‚
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PmKcs∏SpØm\pamWv hcp∂Xv.
hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ hfsc hy‡ambn
{]hmNI \ntbmKØns‚ e£yw
hniZoIcn°p∂p: "\n߃°v \ΩpsS
kp‡ßƒ HmXnt°ƒ∏n°pIbpw
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tIƒ°p∂h\pw \√Xv t]mse
ImWp∂h\pamIp∂p.'(4:59)
P\m[n]XyØnse GsXmcp
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2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥24
(Aam\Øv) t]msebmWv. Abmƒ
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kw_‘n®v ]dbp∂p. AlvaZnøm
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AlvaZ v (1928˛2003) C{]Imcw
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‘hnip≤ Jp¿Bs‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ P\߃ Ah¿°v A\ptbmPyamb GsXmcp `cW hyhÿbpwAhcpsS kaqlØns‚ ]mcºcyss]XrIØn\\pkcn®v P\m[n]Xyw,cmPm[n]Xyw, tKm{Xobw, ^ypU¬F∂o `cW{Ia߃ Xncs™Sp°m\p≈ kzmX{¥yap≠v. `cWhyhÿIƒ AhcpsS kaql߃°\pkrXambn kzoIcn°mhp∂XmWv.
F¥pXs∂bmb n c p∂me p whnip≤ Jp¿B≥ P\m[n]XyamWvIqSpX¬ CjvSs∏Sp∂Xv. apkvenwItfmS v P\m[n]Xyw kzoIcn°m\mWv D]tZin°s∏´n´p≈Xv.AXv ]›mXy P\m[n]Xy ssienA∏msS ]I¿ØpI F∂ A¿YØne√.1
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∂p, AXp sIm≠mWv lZvdØv
an¿km Xzmln¿(dlv)FgpXnbXv.
s]mXpP\߃ Bib°pg∏Øn
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s‚bpw dkq¬ Xncpta\n (k)bpsS
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∂Xv? AX√ ssZhclnXhpw
ssZh`ban√mØhcpamb BfpIsf
bmtWm CjvSs∏Sp∂Xv?2
(XpScpw)
Review of Religions Dec: 2011(hnh: F.Fw.)
{KŸ kqNn.1Hadrath Mirza Tahir Ahmad (rh) Islam’sResponse to Cotemporary Issues p. 2302.Ibid. p. 236
\nt∂mSp≈ A\pkcW {]Xn⁄ sNøp∂h≥ Xo¿®bmbpw
A√mlphnt\Sv Xs∂bmWv A\pkcW {]Xn⁄ sNøp∂Xv.
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∂Xmbm¬ Ah\v A√mlp alØmb {]Xn^ew \¬Ip
∂XmWv.
A\pkcW {]Xn⁄
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥25
tI´ v ]gInb Hcp IYbmWv
CsXgpXm\ncn°ptºmƒ kvarXn ]Y
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B[p\nI a\pjyIpeØn\v t\Xr
Xzw sImSpt°≠Xv Jeo^ ˛ Camw ˛
Aaodp¬ apAvan\o≥ F∂o
hntijßfp≈ hy‡nXzamWv. hn.
Jp¿B≥ 38˛mw A≤ymbw 27˛mw
hN\Øn¬ ]dbp∂p: ‘ZmhqtZ, \mw\ns∂ `qanbn¬ Jeo^bm°nbncn°p∂p. . . . . ’ ChnsS F{X hy‡
ambmWv hy‡nsb ({]hmNIs\)
Jeo^ F∂v A√mlp hntijn
∏n®ncn°p∂Xv. PamAsØ Ckveman
bpsS ÿm]I t\Xmhpw Aivd^n
s‚ Kpcphpamb auem\m auZqZn
Xs‚ ‘ Jnem^Øpw cmPhmgv®bpw’F∂ {KŸØn¬ ]dbp∂p: ‘Cu\q‰m≠n¬ apkvX^m Iam¬ Jnem^Øns\ XI¿°p∂Xv hscbpwbmsXmcnf°hpw X´msX AXvXpS¿∂v h∂p.’ (IPH {]kn≤oIcWw,
t]Pv . 123) ho≠pw ]dbp∂p. ‘Jnem^Øv Hcp cmjv{Sob kwhn[m\w am{Xambncp∂n√, \p_pΔØns‚ {]mXn\n[yw AXn\p
B ap¥ncn B¿°v thWw ?
dkq¬ Xncpta\n(k) {]hNn® ssZhoI Jnem^Øv {]Xy£cw
ÿm]nXambn´pw AXv {i≤n°msX Abp‡nIhpw ]cnlmkyhpamb
\ymb߃ \ncØn AXns\ hymPs∏SpØp∂ ]finX∑mcpsS
hmZßsf]‰n.
Pemep±o≥ I¬t]\n
teJ\w
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥26
≠mbncp∂p. (AtX ]pkvXIw,t] 75)
temI{]ikvX ]finX≥ tUm.
bqkp^p¬ J¿Zmhn Xs‚ apkvenw
sFIyw km[pXbpw km[yXbpw
F∂ ]pkvXIØn¬ FgpXp∂p:
‘`n∂n°ptºmƒ P\߃ Jeo^tbmSv hn[n tXSpIbmbncp∂p ]Xnhv.At±lØns‚ hn[ntbmsS `n∂XXocpw. C∂v Jeo^bn√t√m(BXvaob angnIfn√mØh¿°vJeo^sb ImWm≥ Ignbp∂ns√∂vam{Xw˛ teJI≥). Hcp JmZnsbIs≠ØpIbpw {]iv\w At±lØn\v apºn¬ AhXcn∏n°pIbpwsNøpI F∂Xmbncn°pw apkvenwIƒ°nt∏mƒ A`nImayw. hn[nXo¿∏n\v kwhn[m\ans√¶n¬ `n∂n∏vIqSpX¬ `n∂n∏v krjvSn°pIbmbncn°pw sNøpI. ’(IPH {]kn≤o
IcWw. t]Pv 150)
PamAsØ CkvemanbpsS
{]kn≤oIcWmebamb IPH {]kn≤o
Icn® {]ikvX ]finX∑mcpsS
{]kvXpX {KŸßfnse D≤cWn
Ifn¬\n∂v Xs∂ hy‡amhp∂Xv
hnip≤ Jp¿B\n¬ ]cma¿in°
s∏´Xpw apkvenw temIØn\mhiy
hpamb t\XrXz]ZhnbmWv Jeo^
F∂p hy‡amWt√m. tUm:
bqkp^p¬ J¿Zmhn FgpXnbXv
t]mse apkvenwIƒ `n∂n°ptºmƒ
Jeo^tbmSv hn[n tXSnbncp∂Xpw
AXv F√mhcpw AwKoIcn°m\p
≠mb ImcWhpw Jeo^°v apkvenw
kapZmbØn¬ A{]amZnXzw D≈Xv
sIm≠mWt√m. ]t£ Aßs\
sbmcp Jeo^bn√mØ ÿnXn°v
JmZnbmbmepw aXn F∂ ]dbp∂
Xnse bp‡n lo\Xbpw hnUvVn
Xzhpw H∂mtemNn®pt\m°pI. JmZn
A∂pw, C∂pw F∂pap≠v. JmZnb√
Jeo^bmWv hn[n \¬tI≠Xv F∂v
A√mlp ]dbptºmƒ Jeo^bns√
¶n¬ JmZnbmbmepw aXnsb∂v
]dbp∂Xv F{X ]cnlmkyamWv.
A√mlp Hcp Jeo^sb \n›bn°m
Xncn°m≥ am{Xw F¥v sX‰mWv
Xßfnep≈Xv F∂v BXvahniIe\w
\SØn sX‰pXncpØm≥ {ian°p∂
Xn\v ]Icw XßfpsS ]mfinXy
Øn¬ Du‰w sIm≈p∂Xv sIm≠v
B¿°v F¥v t\´amWv D≠mhpI?
Jeo^bns√¶n¬ hn[n Xo¿∏n\v
JmZnbmbmepw aXn F¶n¬ F{X
Ffp∏ØnemWv {]iv\w ]cnlcn
°pI. BtKmf apkvenwIƒ°v hn[n
Xo¿∏n\mbn Hcp JmZnsb Bhiy
ap≠v F∂v ]{XØn¬ ]ckyw
sImSpØm¬ At]£IcpsS _mlp
eyw BtemNn®p t\m°q. CXn¬
\n∂pw Hcmsf sXcs™SpØp F∂p
sh°pI. Im¥]pcw apkenbm¿
sNdpt»cnsb AwKoIcn°ptam?
aShp¿ auehnsb F. ]n. A_vZpƒ
JmZn¿ auehn AwKoIcn°mØXv
t]mse PamØvImcs\ apPmlnZpIƒ
kzoIcn°mØXv t]mse {]iv\w
{]iv\ambn Xs∂ \ne\n¬°pw.
auem\m kZvdp±o≥ Ckvemln
Xs‚ ‘Ckvemapw kwLSnX PohnX
hpw’ F∂ {KŸØn¬ FgpXp∂p.
anivImØnse Hcp lZokv D≤cn°p
∂Xv ImWpI. dkq¬ (k)s‚hntbmKm\¥cw A_q_°¿ (d)kzlm_nIsf kwt_m[\ sNbvXpsIm≠v ]d™p: Adn™p sIm≈pI,Xo¿®bmbpw aplΩZv \_n (k)acWs∏´ncn°p∂p. Cu Zo\n\vAXns‚ Imcy߃ hln°m≥ Hcphy‡n A\nhmcyamWv.’ ( IPH{]kn≤oIcWw. t]Pv.116)
ChnsS hy‡n F∂Xv tIhew
Hcp hy‡n F∂ [cn®pIqSm.
apkvenwIfn¬ On{ZXbn√msX H∂n®v
IqSn Ckvemans\ apt∂m´v sIm≠v
t]mIm≥ Ignbp∂ Hcmfmbncn°Ww.
ssZhnI klmbw D≈ Hcmfmbncn
°Ww. ImcWw dkq¬ Xncpta\n
(k)bpsS A`mhØn¬ Xncpta\n°v
]Icap≈ hy‡n km[mcW°mc≥
am{Xambncn°mhX√t√m. AXp
sIm≠mWt√m klm_m°ƒ A_q
_°dn (d) s\ B hy‡n (Jeo^
bmbn)bmbn Xncs™SpØXv. ]n∂oSv
A√mlphns‚ klmb lkvXw
At±lØn\pta¬ D≠mbncp∂p.
Jpe^m D¿dminZo߃ Xncs™Sp
°s∏´ hy‡nIƒ Bbncp∂p ht√m.
Ime{ItaW {]Imiw tNm¿∂p
t]mIpIbpw 1900˛mam≠v Ignbp
tºmtg°pw XnI®pw Ccp´v XpSßp
Ibpw sNbvXt∏mƒ B ]cºc°p≈
ssZhnIklmbw \n¬°pIbpw
\_n(k)bpsS {]Xn ]pcpj\pw
JmØap¬ Jpe^mbpambn ]Icw
`panbn¬ Jnem^Øv ÿm]nX
ambn°gn™t∏mƒ AXns‚
CSapdnbmØ XpS¿® kXyhnizm
knIƒ I¨Ipfn¿s° I≠v
kzoIcn°pIbpw, kz¥w Ignhn¬
Du‰w sIm≠v Al¶cn®p \n¬°p
∂h¿ ImWmsX \´w XncnbpIbpw
sNøp∂Xns‚ DZmlcWamWv
Ct∏mƒ ImWp∂Xv.
Jpe^mD¿dminZpamsc ]cma¿
in®p sIm≠v Aivd^ns‚ {]_‘w
XpScp∂p..... ‘AXv Hcp Ncn{Xm\p`hhpw(Historical Experiance) a\pjy{]bXv\hpw (Humen Endeavor)BIp∂p F∂mW.v IpSmsX ‘Jeo^‘Jnem^Øv ’XpSßnb t]cpIƒ°vaX]camb ]hn{XXIfn√. `cWm[nImcnIƒ°pw `cW{IaØn\pwA°me°m¿ B t]cv D]tbmKn®pFt∂bp≈p F∂v ]d™ At±lw
{]hmNIXzØns‚ ]mXbn¬ (Aem
an≥lmPn≥ \p_pΔ:) Jnem^Øv
hcm≥ t]mIp∂p F∂v AlvaZv
D≤cn® hN\w Zp¿_e \nthZ\
t{iWntbmsS D≤cn°∏´XmWt{X
F∂p {]kvXmhn°p∂p. XßfpsS
]mcºcy hnizmkßsf tNmZyw
sNøp∂ hN\ßfmsW¶n¬ AXn\v
Zp¿_e \nthZI t{iWn AYhm
fbo^v BsW∂v sh°pI. ]t£
AXv {]Xy£Øn¬ h≈n ]p≈n
sX‰msX ]n∂oS v ]pe¿∂p
ImWptºmƒ fbo^v F∂p ]d™
a°bn¬ F{Xsb{X am\y
∑m¿, ]finX∑m¿ Ipeo\
∑m¿ Ch¿s°m∂pw {]hm
NI ]Zhn sImSp°msX
AßmSnbn¬ IqSn \S°p
∂, BSv ta®pw ]ns∂ I®
hSw sNbvXpw \S∂ncp∂
k m [ m c W ° m c n e p w
k m [ m c W ° m c \ m b n
A\mY\mbn hf¿∂ Cu
aplΩZn\mtWm ssZhw
{]hmNIXz ]Zhn \¬Ip
I F∂v Al¶cn®v \S∂
Xn\m¬ kXyw Is≠
Øm≥ IgnbmsX t]mbn
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥27
KthjI\v ]‰nb sX‰mbn IW
°m°n B lZokv AwKoIcn°p
Ibt√ _p≤n. ChnsS F{X
kpμcambmWv lZokv ]pe¿∂p
h∂n´p≈Xv. a\pjyIc߃°v
Hcn°epw km[yamhmØ XnI®pw
ssZhnIamb Hcp kwhn[m\w
]p\xÿm]nXambXv ImWptºmƒ
AXns\ hn\b]q¿hw AwKoIcn
°m\p≈ `b`‡n {]ISam°p
IbmWv Hcp kXyhnizmkn
{]Yaambn sNtø≠Xv. Jnem^Øv
Ncn{Xm\p`hhpw a\pjy {]h¿Ø
\hpw BsW¶n¬ ‘F\n°v tijwJnem^Øp¿dminZ 30 h¿jwXpScpsa∂pw ]n∂oSv Jnem^Øns‚t]cn¬ ISpØ cmPhmgv® \nehn¬hcpsa∂pw \_n(k) ]dbpIbpwAtX]Sn ]pecpIbpw (l:Aen(d)iloZmbXv \_n(k)bpsShntbmKØns‚ 30˛mw h¿jØnembncp∂p.) sNbvXp. ’(Jnem^Øpw
cmPhmgv ®bpw˛auem\m auZqZn t]Pv
287) F¥vsIm≠v ChnsS C{X
hy‡ambn \_n (k)bpsS Hcp
hN\w ]pe¿∂pImWp∂Xv. CXv
tIhew Hcp Ncn{Xm\p`hhpw a\pjy
{]bXv\hpw am{Xambncp∂psh∂v
B¿°v ]dbm≥ Ignbpw?. CsXms°
Zp¿_ew F∂v ]d™v X≈p∂
hcpsS sXmen°´n A]mcsa∂√msX
F¥p ]dbm≥? ssZh`bhpw
_p≤n]camb kXyk‘Xbpw
D≠mbncp∂psh¶n¬ teJI≥
Cßs\ FgpXn√mbncp∂p. IjvSw!
BXvaob iq\yamb ipjv° ]mfin
XyØn¬ Du‰w sIm≈p∂ teJI≥
kXyw {Klns®¶n¬.
hn. Jp¿B\nse 24˛mw A≤ymbw
56˛mw hN\w t]mep≈ JfinX
hN\ßsfbpw (aplv°amØv)
AXn\pt]m¬_eIamb XncphN\
ßtfbpw hnkvacn°m\p≈ [m¿jvSyw
A]mcsat∂ ]dbmhq. ‘\nßfn¬
\n∂v hnizkn°pIbpw k¬°¿a
ßf\pjvTn°pIbpw sNøp∂htcmSv
Ah¿°v apºp≈hsc Jeo^amcm
°nbXv t]mse (aqkm(A),
Cukm(A)) F∂nh¿°v Jeo^amcp
≠mbXv t]mse, Xo¿®bmbpw
Ahscbpw ̀ qanbn¬ Jeo^amcm°p
Ibpw. . F∂ BbØn\v
hniZoIcWambn anivImØn¬
D≤cn® lZokns\bmWv {]_‘
Imc≥ Zp¿_ew F∂v ]d™Xv.
\nßfn¬ A√mlp CNvOn°p∂n
StØmfw Imew \p_pΔØv \ne
\n¬°pw ]ns∂ AXns\ FSpØ
Ifbpw. ]ns∂ A√mlp CNvOn°p
t∂StØmfw Imew \p_pΔØv
\ne\n¬°pw. ]ns∂ AXns\ FSp
ØpIfbpw. ]n∂oS v ]cp°≥
GIm[n]Xy tkzNvOm[n]Xy `cW
ap≠mIpw. AXpw FSpØp If™
tijw \p_pΔØns‚ am¿KØn
ep≈ (Aem an≥lmPn≥ \p_pΔ:)
Jnem^Øv ÿm]nXamhp∂Xm
sW∂pw ]d™p \_n(k) au\w
Ahew_n®psh∂pw lZokn¬
]dbp∂p. CXv A\ntj[yamw hn[w
A£cw {]Xn]pe¿∂p Ign™XmWv.
AXwKoIcn°m≥ ssZh`‡nbpw
kXyk‘Xbpw thWsat∂bp≈p.
k®cnXcmb \mev Jeo^am¿°v
tijw Daho, A∫mknøm,
Dkvam\nøm F∂o Jnem^ØpIƒ
ÿm]nXamhpIbpw 1922\v tijw
apkvenwtemIw Jeo^bn√mØ
A\mY kapZmb ambn amdpIbpw
sNbvXp. \_n(k) ]d™Xvt]mse
\p_pΔØns‚ coXnbnep≈ ssZhnI
Jnem^Øv 1908¬ ÿm]nXamhp∂
XmsW∂pw ‘HtcbhkcØn¬ kapZmbØn¬ c≠p Jeo^am¿D≠mhpI F∂Xv A\phZ \oba√.’(auem\m kZdp ±o≥ Ckvemln
‘Ckvemapw kwLSnX PohnXhpw‘)F∂ ssZhnI \nbaa\p kcn®pw
\_n(k) hN\a\pkcn®pw bYm¿Y
Jnem^Øns‚ DZbtØmsS
tkzNvOm[n]Xy Jnem^Øn\v
A¥yw Ipdnt°≠Xv ssZhnI
hn[nbmbncp∂p. AXmWnhnsS
kw`hn®ncn°p∂Xv. auem\m kZdp
±o≥ Ckvemln AtX ]pkvXIØn¬
as‰mcnSØv FgpXp ∂Xv {i≤n°pI.
‘Zo\ns‚ Ahbh߃ tOZn°
s∏´ncn°p∂p. AXns‚ BIrXnbpw
{]IrXnbpsa√mw am‰nadn° s∏´n
cn°p∂p. kapZmbØns‚ kwLSnX
PohnXw ]º IS∂p sh∂XmWv
CXn\v ImcWw. ]finX ∑mcpsS
Ipdhv sIm≠mWv CsXms°
kw`hn®sX∂v Bcpw AhImi
s∏Sp∂n√. adn®v F∂tØ°mfp]cn
]finX _mlpeyw temIØv
\nd™p \n¬°p∂p. tUm:bqkp
^p¬J¿fm hn°pw auem\m auZqZn
°pw lk\p¬ _∂°pw kZdp±o≥
Ckvemln°pw A_p¬ lk≥ Aen
\Zvhn°pw am{Xa√ a°mldanse
ap^vXn°pw dm_nØØp¬ Bean¬
CkvemanbpsS auem\ am¿°pw
apkvenw temIsØ Htc NcSn¬
tIm¿ØnW°n \_n(k)bpw Jpe^m
D¿dminZoßfpw ImWn®v X∂
am¿KØnepsS ssJdp¬ DΩØv
F∂ alØmb ÿm\w Ae¶cn
°p∂ Cu kapZmbØn\v km[n®n
s√¶n¬ ]ns∂bm¿°v Ignbpw F∂v
apkvenw ]finX∑m¿ adp]Sn ]dtb
≠Xp≠v. At∏mƒ FhnsStbm Hcp
hogv® Ch¿s°√mw ]‰nbn´ps≠∂
t√ a\ nemt°≠Xv. F∂m¬
AlvaZnøm apkvenw PamAØv
dkq¬ Xncpta\n(k) ImWn®p X∂
AtX am¿KØn¬ Xs∂bmsW
∂mWv \mw a\ nemt°≠Xv.
a°bn¬ F{Xsb{X am\y∑m¿,
]finX∑m¿ Ipeo\∑m¿ Ch¿
s°m∂pw {]hmNI ]Zhn sImSp
°msX AßmSnbn¬ IqSn \S°p∂,
BSv ta®pw ]ns∂ I®hSw sNbvXpw
\S∂ncp∂ km[mcW°mcnepw
km[mcW°mc\mbn A\mY\mbn
hf¿∂ Cu aplΩZn\mtWm ssZhw
{]hmNIXz]Zhn \¬IpI F∂v
Al¶cn®v \S∂Xn\m¬ kXyw
Is≠Øm≥ IgnbmsX t]mbn.
‘hAXknaq _n l_ven√mln
PaoA≥’ F∂v ]d™p sIm≠v
‘h√m X^¿d°p’\n߃ ̀ n∂n°cpXv
F∂v ]d™ X\pkcn®v A√mlp
hns‚ ]miamIp∂ Jnem^Øv
apdpsI ]nSn®p sIm≠v `n∂n°msX
H‰s°´mbn 200 cmPyßfnembn
hym]n®p InS°p∂ A¬ PamA
ØmWv AlvaZnøm apkvenw PamØv.
‘Xn¿anZn D≤cn®v lZokn¬]d™Xvt]mse CkvemanI t\XrXztØmSp≈ Jeo^tbmSp≈ ss_AØv (A\pkcW {]Xn⁄)IgpØnen√msX (ssI sIm≈msX)acn®h≥ A\nkvemanI acWamWvacn®Xv . ’(Ckvemapw kwLSnX
PohnXhpw ˛kZdp±o≥ Ckvemln)
Cu KXntISn¬ \n∂v AlvaZnIƒ
ap‡cmWv. ]t£ CØcw lZokp
Ifpw hn. Jp¿B≥ hN\ßfpw
D≤cn®v kapZmbsØ t_m[h¬
°cn°p∂ ta¬ ]finX∑mcpsS
acWw Ah¿ Xs∂ D≤cn°p∂ ta¬
lZokns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ Fß
s\bp≈Xmbncn°psa∂v Nn¥n°pI.
{]_‘Imc≥ XpScp∂Xv
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥28
ImWpI. 1924˛ ¬ Dkvam\nb Jnem^Øv XI¿∂t∏mƒ AXv apkvenwtemIØv Imcyamb {]XnIcWsam∂pap≠m°nbn´n√. . ’ Ccp´ v
sIm≠v Hm´bS°m≥ {ian°p
IbmWv Aivd^v. C¥y≥ kzmX{¥y
kac Ncn{XØnse Jnem^Øv
{]ÿm\w F¥mbncp∂p? Km‘nPn
bpsS t\XrXzØn¬ apkvenw temI
Øn¬ Jeo^sb Is≠Sp °m≥
C¥y≥ apkvenwIsf H∂n®v \n¿Øn
{]t£m`w \SØnbXpw Bbnc°W
°n\mfpIƒ c‡km£nIfmbXpw
ad∂psh¶n¬ tIcfØn¬ Jnem
^Øv kachpambn _‘s∏´p \S∂
hmK¨ {SmPUnbpw Ben ap…nbm
cpsS Xq°ns°m√epw hmcnbw
Ip∂Øv Ip™lΩ XmPn sb
shSnsh®v sIm∂Xpw {]_‘ Imc≥
ad°m≥ ]mSn√mbncp∂p. Dkvam\nbm
Jnem^Øns‚ Xntcm[m \Øn¬
a\w s\m¥v auem\m aplΩZen
Pul¿ BXvalXy s°mcpßn F∂v
At±lw Xs∂ Xs‚ BXvaIYbn¬
shfns∏SpØn bXt√? Jnem^Øns‚ ]p\cp≤mc W hnjbw`‡cmb temI apkvenwIƒ°nSbn¬ C∂v Hcp kPoh hnjbamWv.
( N{μnI 1992 sabv 1)
Jnem^Øv F∂ ap¥ncnß°v
th≠n F√m hn[ {iaßfpw \SØn
t\m°n hnPbw Is≠Øm\mhmsX
]cmPb ]cn£oWnX\mb {]_‘
Imc≥ Dƒs∏Sp∂ ]finX hn`mKw
Ct∏mƒ X߃°v AXv A{]m]y
ambXn\m¬ ]pfn°p∂p F∂v ]d™v
Ccp´n¬ X∏nXSbp∂Xv ImWptºmƒ
e÷mIcw F∂p ]dbm≥ tXm∂p
IbmWv.
(teJIs‚ Mob. No. 9497215986)
{]tXyIamb Hcp icoAØns‚
AhXcW ]q¿ØoIcWw B
icoAØv AhXcn∏n°s∏´ {]hmN
Is‚ PohnXImeØv Xs∂ kw`hn
°pw. F∂m¬ AXns‚ {]NmcW
]q¿ØoIcWw Xs‚ Jeo^am¿(Hcp
{]hmNIs‚ hntbmKtijw hcp∂
Xs‚ {]Xn\n[nIƒ) aptJ\bmWv
]q¿ØoIcn°pI. F∂m¬ ]n¬
°meØv {]kvXpX {]hmNIs‚
{]Xn\n[nbmIm≥ {]m]vXcmb
BXvaob hy‡nIƒ kapZmbØn¬
A{]Xy£amIpIbpw ]Icw
DZc]qcIcmb sFlnI ]finX∑m¿
kzm¿Y Xm¬]cy߃°p th≠n
aXsØ Zpcp]tbmKw sNøpIbpw
AXp aptJ\ kapZmbw I£nIfmbn
`n∂n°m≥ XpSßpIbpw sNøp∂p.
Cu Ahÿbn¬ kapZmbw
Atßb‰w A[x]Xn°pIbpw Zpjn
°pIbpw sNøp∂ Hcp L´w
DSseSp°ptºmƒ icoAØns‚
kwc£WØn\pw {]NmcW ]q¿Øo
IcWØn\pw th≠n {]kvXpX
icoAØns‚ A\pbmbnIfn¬ \n∂v
Xs∂ A√mlp \ntbmKn°p∂
{]hmNI\mWv B kapZmbØnse
akolv F∂v ]dbp∂Xv. \ΩpsS
ktlmZckapZmbamb _\qCkvdm
Cuen¬ ta¬ hnhcn®Xns‚ {]mh¿
ØnIcq]w \mw ImWpIbpw
sNøp∂p. aqkm\_n°v tijw
sFlnI ]finX∑mcm¬ A[x]Xn
®pt]mb _\q CkvdmCuente°v
]Xn\mev \q‰m≠pIƒ°v tijw
\ntbmKn® CkvdmCuen akolm
bncp∂p lZvdØv Cukm (A).
aplΩZv \_n(k)bpsS kapZmb
amb apkvenw kapZmbØn\pw CtX
AhkvY kwPmXambn´p≠v. At±l
Øn\v AhXcn∏n°s∏´ {]tXyIamb
icoAØv k¿hImenIhpw k¿hP
\oIhpamWv. CXns‚ AhXcW
]q¿ØoIcWw At±lØns‚ Ime
L´Øn¬ Xs∂ kw`hn®XpamWv.
F∂m¬ CXns‚ {]NmcW ]q¿Øo
IcWw \_n(k)bpsS hntbmK
tijw Xs‚ Jeo^am¿ X߃
°mhpw hn[w \n¿hln®p. ]t£,
\_n(k) ap≥Iq´n {]hNn®Xv
t]mseØs∂ aq∂v \q‰mt≠msS
kapZmbw A[x]X\Øns‚ Bgnbn
te°v B]Xn°m≥ XpSßn. AhnS∂
tßm´v `qanbnte°v A√mlp
I\n™nd°nb Cuam\nI{]Imiw
kmhImiw BImiØnte°v Xs∂
Xncn®p Ibdm≥ XpSßn. hnip≤
Jp¿B≥ {]hNn®Xv t]mse IrXyw
Bbncw h¿jw sIm≠v Xs∂
kapZmbw Atßb‰w A[x]Xn
°pIbpw Zpjn°pIbpw sNbvXp.
Aßs\ Cuam\ns‚ Xncn®pIb‰w
kw`hn®n´n√mØ aq∂v \q‰m≠pw
BImiØnte°v Xncn®pIbdm
s\SpØ ]Øv \q‰m≠pw IqSn
]Xnaq∂v \q‰m≠v ]q¿ØnbmIp
tºmtg°pw \_n(k) {]hNn®Xv
t]mseØs∂ Cuam≥ Im¿ØnI
\£{Xw hsc sNs∂Øn°gn™n
Camw alvZn:]WvUnX∑m¿ F¥v ]dbp∂p?
temI hn{ipX ]finX∑msc√mw Camw alvZnbpsS BK\a\sØ Ipdn®v
i‡hpw hy‡hpambn ]d™n´p≠v. F∂m¬ CkvemanIambn {]amWnIamb
bmsXmcp ASnØdbpan√mØ apkvenw kwLS\Iƒ A√mlp Ab® Cu
ZnhymXvamhns\ \ntj[n°m≥ apt∂m´p hcpIbmWv.
teJ\w
id^p±o≥ C¿^m\n, AKØn
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥29
cp∂p. AtXmsS, aplΩZv \_n(k)
sIm≠v h∂ AtX Cuam\ns\
Im¿ØnI \£{XØn¬ \n∂v Xncn®p
`qanbn¬ sIm≠v hcp∂
alvZnakolns‚ BKa\Øn\v
km£yw hln°m≥ ]Xn\memw
\q‰m≠n\v `mKyw e`n®p.
apkvenw kapZmbØns‚ c£I
\mbn´v alm\mb Hcp ]pWymXvam
hns\ Ahkm\ImeØv A√mlp
\ntbmKn°psa∂v ]Xn\memw \q‰m
≠v hscbp≈ apkvenwIƒ°v
X¿°an√mbncp∂p. F∂v am{Xa√
AXhcpsS hnizmkImcyßfn¬
H∂mbnt∏mepw AwKoIcn°s∏´n
cp∂p. {]Xnk‘nIƒ D≠mIptºm
sgms° Ah¿ B almXvamhns‚
BKa\w {]Xo£n°pIbpw sNbvXn
cp∂p. F∂m¬ ]Xn\memw \q‰m
≠n¬ hmKvZØ alvZo akolv
\ntbmKn°s∏´t∏mƒ ]ptcmln
X®ßeIfn¬ _‘n∏n°s∏´ apkv
enwIƒ PqX∑mcmbn amdp∂ ImgvN
bmWv \mw ImWp∂Xv. Aßs\
sbmcp alvZoakoslm∂pan√msb∂
\ne]mSnte°v hsc Nne¿ FØn
s∏´pIgn™p. F∂m¬ AØcamfp
Iƒ hsc AwKoIcn°pIbpw _lp
am\n°pIbpw sNøp∂ ]finX≥
am¿°p t]mepw Cu bmYm¿Yyw
\ntj[n°m≥ km[n°p∂n√ F∂
XmWv kXyw.
Camw alvZnsb kw_‘n®p
aebmfØn¬ hniZamb Hcp
]T\]pkvXIsagpXnbXv ]finX\pw
{]kwKI\pw {KŸImc\pw ]q¿thm
]cn Hcp BXvaob Nn¥I\pamb
I°mSv aplΩZv ss^knbmWv.
At±lw Xs‚ {KŸØn¬ ]dbp∂p;
Ckvemw a‰p aXßsfsb√mw
hnPbn°p∂ Ahÿ kwPmXam
Ipsa∂v hnip≤ Jp¿B\n¬ 9:33epw
48:28epw 61:9epw {]Jym]n°p∂p≠v.
AXpt]mse Ckvemw aXhntcm[n
Iƒ°v ̀ uXnItemIØp sh®pXs∂
Nne A]am\߃ klnt°≠n
hcpsa∂v Jp¿B≥ 2:114epw 5:33epw
]dbp∂p≠v. Jp¿B≥ ]d™ Cu
AhkvYIƒ ]cn]q¿Wambpw kw`
hyamhpI \thmYm\ \mbI\mb
Camw alvZnbpsS `cW Ime
Ømbncn°psa∂v {]apJ X^vko¿
{KŸßsf√mw hy‡am°p∂p≠v.
1)X^vko¿ C_v\pIko¿ hm:1
]pdw:158 , 2 : 13 (2) X^vkodp¬
Jp¿Xp_n 2/79,8/121 , 1 1/48 (3)
X^vkodpXz_vcn 1/501 (4) X^vkodp
^Xvln¬ JZo¿ 1/132 (5) X^vko¿
_Khn 3/98 (6) X^vkodp Zp¿dp¬
a≥kq¿ 5/243 (7) X^vko¿
A_p pDuZv 1/18 (8) X^vkodp
dqlp¬ aB\n 4/207 apXemb
Jp¿B≥ hymJym\{KŸßfn¬
Camw alvZnbpsS BKa\sØ
Jp¿B\nI shfn®Øn¬ ÿncoI
cn®Xp ImWmw.(Camw alvZnbpsS
BKa\w: 41)
hnip≤ Jp¿Bs‚ kqN\Iƒ°v
]pdsa A\h[n \nch[n lZokp
IfneqsS Camw alvZnbpsS BKa\w
ÿncoIcn°s∏´n´p≠v. tIcf°c
bnse apPmlnZv, PamAØv hn`mK
°m¿ alvZnbpsS hnjbØn¬ h∂
lZokpIsf√mw Zp¿_eamsW∂v
]d™v alvZnbpsS BKa\ sØ
AhKWn°mdp≠v. F∂m¬ Ahcp
sS t\Xm°∑mcmb ke^n ]finX
∑m¿ Cu hnjbØnepw Ah¿s°
XncmsW∂XmWv bmYm¿Yyw. kDuZn
Atd_ybpsS {Km‚ v ap^vXnbpw
B[p\nI lZokp]finX\pamb
ssiJv \mkndp±o≥ A¬_m\n
]dbp∂p; alvZn hcpsa∂v ]dbp∂
lZokpIƒ kzlolmsW∂v {]Jym
]n®hcn¬ ssiJp¬ Ckvemw C_v\p
Xnanbbpw Dƒs∏Sp∂p. At±lw
an≥lmPp p∂' F∂ {KŸØn(211/
4)¬ ]dbp∂p: alvZn shfns∏Spw
F∂Xn\p {]amWam°s∏Sp∂
lZokpIƒ kzlolmb lZokp
IfmWv. A_qZmhqZv, Xn¿anZn, AlvaZv
XpSßnbhcpw Zl_nbpw Ch
D≤cn®hcmWv. (A¬_m\n
]dbp∂p): Rm≥ ]dbs´, {]Kev`
lZokv ]finX∑mcn¬s]´ A©mfp
IfmWnh¿. alvZn BKan°psa∂v
]dbp∂ lZokpIƒ kzlolm
sW∂v Ch¿ Xs∂ ]dbp∂p.
IqSmsX ]Xn∑Sßv ap≥KmanIfpw
]n≥KmanIfpw ChtcmsSm∏ap≠v.
Ahcn¬ NnecpsS t]cpIƒ
Rm\nhnsS ]dbmw. AJoen, C_v
\p¬ Ad_n, Jp¿Xp_n, Xzo_n,
C_v\p¬Jønw, lm^nfv C_v\p
lP¿, A_p¬lk≥ B_pdnøv,
ssiJv Aenøp¬ Jmcn, kpbqXzn,
A√ma ap_mdIv ]qcn XpSßn
A\h[n \nch[n alØp°ƒ.
(\mkndp±o≥ A¬_m\n- kn¬kne
Øp lnl: 38/4).
apPmlnZoßfpsS \thm∞m
\\mbI\mb C_v\pXoanbbpsS
injy≥ A√mam C_v\p¬ Jønw
]dbp∂p; alvZn hcpsa∂v ]dbp∂
lZokpIƒ [mcmfap≠v. A\ntjy[y
amb Hcp Bibambn AXv
amdnbn´p≠v. kp∂o ]finX∑mcpsS
ASp°¬ hfsc hym]IambXpw
AhcpsS hnizmkImcyßfn¬
FÆs∏Sp∂XpamWnXv. AXn\m¬
]finX∑m¿ hniZoIcn®Xns‚
ASnÿm\Ønepw kp∂Øv PamA
Øns‚ hnizmk{KŸßfn¬ kvYnc
s∏´Xns‚ ASnÿm\Ønepw alvZn
hcpsa∂v hnizkn°¬ \n¿_
‘amWv. (A¬a\mdp¬ ap\o^v)
apPmlnZoßfpsS t\Xmhmb
]finX≥ aplΩZv _v≥ A–p¬
hlvlm_v Hu\p¬ aAv_qZns\
D≤cn®psIm≠v ]dbp∂p; AXn\m¬
Camw alvZn {]Xy£s∏Spsa∂
A`n{]mbw, AXmWv icnbpw
kXyhpw. Camw iu°m\n ^Xvlp¿
d∫m\nbn¬ ]dbp∂p : Camw alvZn
hcpsa∂ hnjbØn¬ AºXv
lZokpIfpw Ccp]Ønsb´v alXvh
N\ßfpw e`yamWv. tijw At±lw
AhIƒ hnhcn°p∂p. F∂n´ v
]dbp∂p. CsX√mw IqSn apXhm
Xzndns‚ (A\ntjy[yamb Bib
Øns‚) ]ZhnsbØn®hbmWv.
(AlmZokp ^n¬^nX≥)
aZo\bnse A¬PmanAØp¬
CkvemanøbpsS D]m≤y£\pw
{Km‚ v ap v̂Xnbpamb ssiJv A–p¬
Akokv_v\p_mkv 1969 ¬ {]kn≤o
Icn®{KŸØn¬ ]dbp∂p: alvZn
bpsS Imcyw \n›bn°s∏´ H∂p
Xs∂bmWv. hyXykvXamb D≤mc
Icpw D≤cWnIfpw D≈tXmSpIqSn
Xs∂ hmKvZØw sNøs∏´ Cu
hy‡nbpsS ]pd∏mS v kXyw
Xs∂bmsW∂ Hcp bmYm¿Yyw CXv
h n f n® d nb n° p∂p . Ahkm\
ImeL´Øn¬ kapZmbØn\p≈
A√mlphns‚ A\p{Klßfn¬
s]´XmWv Cu Camw. At±lØns‚
]pd∏mSp≠mIpw. At±lw kXyhpw
\oXnbpw \ne\n¿Øpw, A{Iahpw
AcmPIXzhpw XSbpw. P\߃°v
k∑m¿Kw ImWn®psIm≠v A√mlp
At±lw aptJ\ \∑bpsS ]XmI
hncn°pw. Alvep p∂Ønh¬P
amA CXv hnizkn°¬ \n¿_‘
am°nbncn°p∂p. Camw alvZnsb
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥30
hnizkn°¬ \_n(k)sb AwKoIcn
°p∂Xns‚ `mKamWv... AXpsIm≠v
Xs∂ At±lsØ \ntj[n°epw
At±lØns‚ hnjbØn¬ kwibn
°epw A]ISIcamb Imcyw Xs∂
bmWv. (AJoZØp Alven p∂ h¬
Ak¿ ^n¬alvZnøn¬ ap≥Xf¿)
Camw alvZnbpsS BKa\
hnjbØn¬ C_v\p lPdp¬
sslXao 'AemamØp¬ alvZn' F∂
t]cn¬ Hcp {KŸw cNn®n´p≠v.
AXns‚ BapJØn¬ Xs∂
At±lw ]dbp∂p;.. alvZnbpsS
BKa\sØ \ntj[n°p∂h≥
Im^ndmbn´p≠v F∂v \_n(k)
bn¬ \n∂v D≤cn°s∏´n´p≠v.
(AemamØp¬alvZn )
alvZnbpw Cukbpw Cu DΩ
Øns‚ c£I\mbn Ahkm\Ime
Øv AhXcn°psa∂v kzlolmb
lZokpIfn¬ h∂n´p≠.v alvZnbpw
Cukmbpw bYm¿YØn¬ Htc
hy‡nbpsS c≠v hntijW
ßfmWv. AXmbXv, CkvdmCuenIsf
Cuk_v\padnbw kap≤cn®Xv
t]mse Cu kapZmbØnepw
A√mlphn¬ \n∂v t\cn´v k∑m¿K
Z¿i\w kn≤n® (alvZnbmb) Hcp
Cuk_v\p adnbw \nbp‡\mIpw,
F∂mWv \_n(k) ]d™Xn\¿Yw.
CXn\p sXfnhpIƒ ]eXpw \nc
Øm\p≠v. NneXv am{Xw kqNn∏n
°p∂p.
1. c≠mbncw h¿jw apºv Ckvdm
CuenIfnte°v Ab°s∏´ Cukm
\_n acWs∏´psh∂v hnip≤
Jp¿B\pw XncphN\ßfpw, Ch
bpsS ASnkvYm\Øn¬ ]e ]finX
∑mcpw hy‡am°nbn´p≠v. AXp
sIm≠v Cukm(A) C\n `qanbn
te°v hcn√. (AlvaZnøm kmlnXy
ßfn¬ Cu hnjbw khnkvXcw
{]Zn]mZn®n´p≈XpsIm≠v ChnsS
Bh¿Øn°p∂n√.)
2. \_n(k) ]d™p; \nßfn¬
\n∂v \n߃°p≈ Camambn´ v
C_v\p adnbw \nßfn¬ AhXcn
°ptºmƒ \nßfpsS Ahÿ
Fßs\bmbncn°pw!. (_pJmcn;3449,
apkvenw;245) \_n(k) ]d™
Cuk_v\padnbw Cu kapZmb
Øn¬s]´ Bfmbncn°psa∂Xn
te°v ta¬ lZokv shfn®w hoip∂p.
3. Camw Xzo_n CXns‚ hymJym\
Øn¬ ]dbp∂p; C_v\p A_o
ZnAv_v ]dbp∂p. Cu lZokns‚
A¿Yw, \nßfpsS d∫ns‚ Jp¿B≥
sIm≠pw \nßfpsS \_nbpsS
kp∂Øv sIm≠pw At±lw \nß
ƒ°v t\XrXzw \¬Ipw. Camw Xzo_n
]dbp∂p. 'AΩ°pw'(At±lw
\n߃°v t\XrXzw \¬Ipw) F∂
Xnep≈ k¿h\maw Cukm\_nbpw,
"han≥Ipw' F∂Xns‚ A¿Yw
"\nßfn¬ \n∂p≈h\mb \ne°v'
F∂pamWv. AXmbXv, \nßfn¬
\n∂p≈h\mb\ne°v Cukm\_n
\n߃°v t\XrXzw \¬Ipw
F∂mWv. (an¿JmØv)
4. \nßfn¬ Pohn®ncn°p∂h¿
Cuk_v\p a¿bans\ Camw
alvZnbmbn´ v Is≠Øp∂
XmWv. (apkv\Zv AlvaZv 411/2)
5. \_n(k) ]dbp∂p; Cuk_v\p
adnba√msX alvZn bn√ (C_v\pamP
1341/2) Cu lZokv Camw im^nbpsS
Kpcphcy\mb C_v\p JmenZ v
A¬Pp≥ZnbneqsS hfsc {]kn≤n
bm¿Pn®XmWv. At±lØn¬ \n∂v
a‰v ]ecpw CXv D≤cn®n´p≠v. lm°nw
hmZn®Xv t]mse At±lw A⁄mX
s\m∂pa√. F∂√ At±lw hnizkv
X\msW∂v C_v\p aCu≥ ]d™
Xmbpw D≤cn°s∏Sp∂p. (AJoZØp
Alven p∂ h¬Ak¿ ^n¬alvZn
øn¬ ap≥Xf¿)
6. alvZn BcmsW∂Xn¬ ap≥
KmanIƒ°v \mev A`n{]mb߃
Ds≠∂v ]d™psIm≠v C_v\p¬
Jønw AXn¬ H∂masØ A`n{]mb
ambn FÆp∂Xv At±lw akolp
_v\p adnbamWv. At±lw Xs∂bmWv
bYm¿YØn¬ alvZn. (A¬a\mdp¬
ap\o^v)
7. alvZnbp±o≥(Cu aXØnse
alvZn) Cuk_v\p adnbamWv.
(AemamØp¬akolv:72)
8 .lnPvd 560¬ U¬lnbpsS
{]m¥{]tZiØv Pohn® Hcp
shmenømb lZvdØv ssiJv
\nAvaØp√m hen C{]Imcw
FgpXpIbp≠mbn; At±lw Ime
Øns‚ alvZnbpw Cukmbpw
Bbncn°pw. Cu c≠v KpWßsf
s°m≠pw A\p{Kln°s∏´h\mbn
Rm\t±lsØ ImWp∂p.(^o Alv
hmen¬ alvZnøo≥-)
9 . F´mw \q‰m≠n¬ Pohn®
]finX\mb A√max lpssk\p
_v\p apCu\p±o≥ A¬ssa_Zn
]dbp∂p; lZvØv akolv auDuZn
s‚ BXvaob {]`mhw Camw alvZn
bm¬ {]ISamIp∂XmWv. Cukm
AhXcn°pw F∂p ]dbp∂Xpw
CX pXs∂bmW v . ( K mbØp¬
aJvkqZv : 21) ]Xns\m∂mw \q‰m≠n¬
Pohn® ssiJv aplΩZv A{Iw
km_ncnbpw "CJvXn_mkp¬ A≥
hm¿' F∂ {KŸØn¬ Cu Imcyw
]d™n´p≠v.
10. Cuk_v\p adnbw sNøpsa∂v
]dbp∂ AtX tPmenIƒ Xs∂
alvZnbpw sNøpsa∂v ]dbp∂p. (CXv
tijw hnhcn°p∂p≠v.)
alvZoakolns‚ ASbmf߃Camw alvZn°v hyXykvX lZokp
Ifnembn ]e ASbmfßfpw ]d™v
ImWp∂p≠v. Chsb√mw Xs∂
\_n(k)°v ZnhyZ¿i\ØneqsS
A√mlp ImWn®p sImSpØhbmWv.
AXv sIm≠v Xs∂ NneXv Ahy‡
ambXpw NneXv hymJym\n°s∏tS≠
Xpw NneXv AtX]Sn ]pecp∂Xp
ambncn°pw. ImcWw, ZnhyZ¿i\
߃ ]e\ne°pw kw`hn°mdp≠v.
Znhy Z¿i\߃ Nne hnjbßfn¬
Ahy‡XtbmsSbpw hymJym\¿
YtØmsSbpw kw`hn°msa∂v
an¿JmØn¬ ]dbp∂p.
AlvaZnIsf kw_‘n®nS
tØmfw Camw alvZn BK
XcmIpsa∂ \_n(k)
bpsS {]hN\w ]pe¿∂p
Ign™ ÿnXn°v alvZn
sb°pdn®v ]dbs∏´ AS
bmfßfn¬ {]Xy£Øn¬
]pe¿∂v ImWp∂Xv Xs∂
bmWv \_n(k) Dt±in®Xv.
CXphsc ]pe¿∂v ImWm
ØXns‚ hymJym\w hnip
≤Jp¿ B\ns\XncmIm
Ø \ne°v a\ nem°p
Ibpw sNøp∂p.
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥31
AXn\m¬ hfsc Kl\ambn
Nn¥n®n´v am{Xta \_n (k) ]d™
ASbmf߃ hnebncpØmhq.
{]Xy£m¿Yw I≠bpSs\ FSpØp
NmSn hn[n]db¬ ]cmPbØn\p
ImcWamtb°pw. \_n(k) Xs∂
{]hN\߃ ]dbptºmƒ ap∂dn
bn∏v \¬Inbn´p≠v. lpssZ^(d)
]dbp∂p. ]n∂oSv \_n(k) ]d™p:
Rm≥ \nßtfmSnX v ]dbp∂Xv
\n߃ Nn¥n®p {Kln®p Dƒs°m≠v
AX\pkcn®v {]h¿Øn°m\mWv.
(\Cuap_v≥ lΩmZns‚ "A¬^n
X≥' \º¿ 1591)
alvZnbpsS hnjbØn¬ ]e
]T\ßfpw \SØnb I°mSv ss^kn
Xs∂ CXv hy‡am°p∂p. Xncp
\_n(k)bpsS AZriy{]hN\ßfn
eqsS ]T\w \SØp∂Xpw AXv
{]Imin∏n°p∂Xpw kmlktadnb
]cn{iaamWv. Hmtcm {]tbmKßfpw
bYm¿Yambpw F¥pt±in°p∂psh
∂v \ap°v hy‡ambn \n›ban√.
Nne {]iv\ßfn¬ ]q¿hkqcnIfpsS
hymJym\ßfpw hfsc Ipdhv. Cu
kmlNcyØn¬ A_≤߃ ]nW
bphm≥ km≤yX IqSpXemWv.
(Camw alvZnbpsS BKa\w: 17)
AlvaZnIsf kw_‘n®nS
tØmfw Camw alvZn BKXcmIp
sa∂ \_n(k)bpsS {]hN\w
]pe¿∂p Ign™ ÿnXn°v alvZnsb
°pdn®v ]dbs∏´ ASbmfßfn¬
]eXpw {]Xy£Øn¬ ]pe¿∂v
ImWp∂Xv Xs∂bmWv. \_n(k)
Dt±in®Xv . CXphsc ]pe¿∂v
ImWmØXns‚ hymJym\w hnip≤
Jp¿ B\ns\Xn cmImØ\ne°v
a\ nem°pIbpw sNøp∂p.
CkvemanI temIØv lZvdØv
AlvaZv(A)s‚ ImeL´Øn\p apºp
Xs∂, Camw alvZnsb kw_‘n®v
\S∂ {]hN\ßfn¬ \n∂pw
]T\ßfn¬ \n∂pw Hcp teJ\
Øns‚ ]cn[nbn¬ \n∂p sIm≠v
Nne ASbmf߃ am{Xw ChnsS
tcJs∏SpØpIbmWv.
t]cvlpssZ^(d) D≤cn°p∂p; alvZn
bpsS t]cv "AlvaZv' F∂msW ∂v
\_n(k) ]dbp∂Xv Rm≥ tIƒ°p
Ibp≠mbn. (Iamep±o≥;653/1)
C_v\plP¿ A¬sslØan lZo
kp≤cn®psIm≠v ]dbp∂p; Camw
alvZnbpsS t]cv \_n (k) bpsS
t]cmb AlvaZ v F∂mbncn
°pw. (AemamØp¬ alvZn)
AlvaZ v F∂v t]cp≈ alvZn
tbmsSm∏w Hcp PamAØv C¥ybn¬
{]NmcWbXv\w \SØpw (A∂Pvap
mJn_v 41/2). AlvaZv F∂ Bƒ
{]Xy£\mbn alØmb BXvaob
hnπhw \SØp∂Xmbn Rm≥
Z¿i\Øn¬ ImWp∂p. (A¬A¿
_Cu≥ ^o Alvhm ep¬
alvZnøo≥) "A∂Pvap mJn_v' F∂
{KŸØn¬ alvZn°v 182 t]cpIƒ
D≤cn°s∏´n´p≠v. lZokns‚
ASnÿm\ Øn¬ Ahbn¬
{]Yaÿm\Øv FÆp∂Xv Xs∂
"AlvaZ v ' F∂mWv. (t]Pv 166).
A¬Kpemw(t]Pv 203) F∂pw
alvZnbpsS t]cmbn AXn¬
]d™n´p≠v.
AXn\m¬ t]cpsIm ≠pw lZvd
Øv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv A¬JmZn
bm\n Xs∂bmWv hmKvZØ alvZo
akosl∂v sXfnbp∂p.
hwiwkqdx PpapAx aq∂mw kq‡amb,
"kzlm_nIf√mØ as‰mcp hn`mK
Ønte°pw \_n(k)sb \ntbmKn
®n´p≠v'F∂¿Yw hcp∂ `mKØns‚
hymJym\ambn \_n(k) ]d™p;
Cuam≥ Im¿ØnIbnte°pb¿
∂mepw Chcn¬ (t]¿jy≥ hwiP
cn¬) \n∂p≈ NnebmfpIƒ
(alvZnbpw Jeo^amcpw) AXns\
hos≠Sp°p∂XmWv. (_pJmcn 4615)
hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ as‰mcp
kq‡Ønepw Cu Imcyw DW¿
Øp∂p≠v. \n߃ (aXhnj
bØn¬) ]n¥ncn™p t]mIpIbm
sW¶n¬ \nßfpsS ÿm\Øv \nß
f√mØ Hcp P\Xsb (A\d_nIsf)
Ah≥ ]Icw sIm≠phcp∂XmWv.
]n∂oSv Ah¿ \nßsf t]msebmhp
Ibn√. (47:39) Cu kq‡Øn\pw
\_n(k) ]d™ hymJym\w Ah¿
t]¿jy°mcmbncn°p sa∂mWv.
(Xz_vcn 43/2, Xp¿apZn 3260). {]ikvX
Xm_nCu Bb lk≥ _kzcnbpw
Cu kq‡Øn\v ]d™ hymJym\w
Ah¿ A\d_nIfmsW∂mWv.
(Jp¿Xp_n 258/6) C\n lZvdØv
AlvaZv(A)s‚ hwiw GXmsW∂v
\ap°v ]cntim[n°mw. t]¿jybnse
_¿emkv hwiØns‚ BZn]n
Xmhmb FwtdmPn _¿emkns‚
]u{X\mb Jdm®m¿ (Carashar
Nevian) awtKmfnb≥ tPXmhmb
sN¶nkvJms‚ ]Stbm´°meØv
t]¿jybn¬ \n∂v lnPvdØv sNbvXv
Xpdm\n¬ hmkapd∏n®p. Cu
{]tZiØn\mWv 'ka¿J¥v' F∂v
]dbs∏Sp∂Xv. _m_¿ N{Ih¿
ØnbpsS ImeØv, GXm≠v F.Un
1530¬ _¿emkv hwi°mc\mb
an¿km lmZo t_Kv Xs‚ IpSpw_
ßfpw ]cnhmcßfpw ASßnb
Ccp∂qtdmfw t]tcmSpIqSn ka¿
J¥n¬ \n∂v ]pds∏´v ]©m_n¬
emtlmdn\v Fgp]Xv \mgnI hS°v
_nbmkv \Zo XocØnse Hcp
h\{ºtZiØv Xmakapd∏n®p. B
ÿeØn\v Ah¿ 'Ckvemw]q¿'
F∂v t]cn´p. cmPIpSpw_mwKsa∂
\nebn¬ _m_¿ N{Ih¿Øn
\qdpIW°n\v {KmaßfSßnb Hcp
{]tZiw ao¿km lmZo t_Kn\v
PmKodmbn A\phZn°pIbpw
At±lsØ AhnSsØ JmZnbmbn
\nban°pIbpw sNbvXp. "Ckvemw
]q¿ JmZn' (JmZnbpsS Ckveman
Imÿm\w) ]n∂oSv "JmZnbm≥'
F∂mbn Adnbs∏´p. _¿emkv
hwi°mcpsS t]cns‚ ap∂n¬
"an¿km' F∂v tN¿Øv hnfn°mdp≠v.
t]¿jy≥ ]Zamb "Aao¿km' AYhm
"Aao¿ kmZ'(cmPIpamc≥) BWv
an¿km Bbn amdnbXv. Cu D∂X
IpSpw_ØnemWv lZvdØv AlvaZv
(A) 1835 ¬ `qPmX\mIp∂Xv.
cmPywalvZntbmsSm∏w Hcp PamAØv
C¥ybn¬ {]NmcWbXv\w \SØpw
(A∂Pvap mJn_v 41/2) Hcp Ad_n
IhnXbpsS A¿Yw Cßs\bmWv.
lZvdØv BZw \_n(A) Pohn®
ÿew C¥ymcmPyamWv. AhnsS
{]hmNI t{ijvTs‚ s]mena
{]Imin®p. CXn¬ \n∂pw \ΩpsS
alvZnbpw C¥y°mc\mbncn°psa∂v
hy‡amIp∂p. At±lw A√mlp
hns‚ Ducnb hmfpIfn¬ Hcp hmfm
Ip∂p. Cu {]hN\w ]q¿ØoIcn
°m≥ th≠nbmWv t]¿jybn¬
\n∂v C¥ybnte°v lZvdØv
AlvaZns‚ ]q¿hnIsc A√mlp
lnPvdx sNøn∏n®Xv.
P∑ÿewJZvAx'F∂v ]dbs∏Sp∂ {Kma
Øn¬ Camw alvZn \ntbmKn X\mIpw.
(_nlmdp¬ A≥hm¿ 19/13) "tP°_v'
F∂Xns‚ kpdnbm\n i–w
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥32
"bAvJq_v' F∂mbXv t]mse
"JmZnbm≥' F∂Xns‚ Ad_n
i–amWv "JZvAx'. \_n(k) CXv
{]hNn°ptºmƒ Cu t]cnep≈ Hcp
{Kmaw `qanbnen√mbncp∂p. ta¬
hnhcn®Xv t]mse A√mlphns‚
A]mcamb lnIvaØv aptJ\
lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ ]q¿hnIcneqsS
Xs∂ A√mlp Cu {Kmaw ÿm]n®p.
aplΩZv \_n(k) bpsS {]hmNI
XzØn\p i‡amb Hcp ZrjvSm¥hpw
IqSnbmWv Cu {]hN\w.
\ntbmK ImeL´w{]amW _‘nXambn Camw
alvZnbpsS ImeL´w GItZiw
Ft∏mgmbncn°psa∂v ]q¿hIme
alØp°ƒ tcJs∏SpØnbn´p≠v.
I°mSv ss^kn Xs‚ ]pkvXIØn¬
]dbp∂p;
ImeL´w Zpjn°pIbpw, aX
Øn¬ A`n{]mb hyXymk߃
DSseSp°pIbpw, A{IanIƒ A[n
Imcw hmgpIbpw sNøptºmƒ Camw
alvZnbnte°p≈ P\ßfpsS
Bhiyw i‡amIpw. idlp¬ AJm
CZnepw Cßs\ ]d™n´p≠v
(Hu\p¬a Av_qZv/ InXm_p¬alvZn)
Camw alvZnbpsS ImeØpw AXn\p
tijhpw hoSpIfpw a‰v ^vfm‰pIfpw
\n¿an°p∂Xn¬ ]ckv]cw a’cn
°pIbpw AhbpsS hen∏Ønepw
`wKnbnepw Zpc`nam\w \Sn°pIbpw
sNøpw. (an¿JmØv/InXm_p¬
^nX≥) \_n(k) ]d™p: ZrjvSm¥
߃ Ccp∂qdn\p tijamWv. AYhm
BbncØn\p tijap≈ Ccp∂qdv
(1200) CamwalvZn shfns∏Sp∂
ImeL´w AXmWv. (an¿JmØv,
InXm_p¬ ^nX≥; A≤ymbw aq∂v)
1240\p tijw A√mlp alvZn
Camans\\ntbmKn°pw (an¿JmØv 471,
lminbx C_v\pamPx 261/2,) Hmtcm
\q‰m≠ns‚ Xe°epw Cu kapZm
bsØ ]cnjv°cn°p∂ Hcp ]cnjv
°¿Ømhns\ Xo¿®bmbpw A√mlp
\ntbmKn°pw. (A_qZmhqZv 212/2)
F∂ lZokns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬.
Ign™ \q‰m≠nse ]cnjv°¿
Øm°sf FÆn∏d™Xn\p tijw
"lpPPp¬ Indmax' F∂ {KŸØn¬
]dbp∂p; ]Xn\memw \q‰m≠ns‚
Xe°¬ - CXv ]q¿ØnbmIm≥ C\n
]Øv h¿jw am{Xtabp≈q - alvZo
akolv BKXcmhpIbpw At±lw
]Xn\memw \q‰m≠nse apP±nZmhp
Ibpw sNøpw. (lpPPp¬Indmax : 139)
apPmlnZpIƒ AwKoIcn°p∂
{]apJ ]finX\mWv lp÷p¬
Indma
hmKvZØ akolv lZvdØv
AlvaZ v(A)s‚ ImeL´w ta¬
]d™ cq]Øn¬ aX]chpw [m¿anI
hpambn Zpjn®Xmbncp∂psh∂v
Xs‚ kaImenIcmb FXncmfnIƒ
hsc kΩXn®XmWv. (X^vko¿
k\mC 82,97/1, Alvep¬ lZokv 14/
06/1912, ^ekvXo\p¬ Ad_nøx 17/
12/1931 , CJvXndm_p mAx 12 ,)
{]hN\Øn¬ ]d™Xv t]mse
1240\p tijw 1250 \mWv lZvdØv
AlvaZv(A) P\n°p∂Xv. ]n∂oSv
]Xn\memw \q‰m≠ns‚ Xe°¬(1301)
Xs∂bmWv lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)
]Xn\memw \q‰m≠nse ]cnjv°¿
Ømhmbn´v {]Jym]n°m≥ XpSßn
bXv. At±lw I≈hmZn bmsW¶n¬
]ns∂ ]Xn\memw \q‰m≠n¬
BKXcmtI≠ alvZoakolmb
]cnjv°¿Ømhv CXphsc FhnsS?
ChnsSbnXm ]Xn\©mw \q‰m≠v
Ahkm\n°m≥ t]mIp∂p. lZvdØv
AlvaZv(A) ]d™p; CXv akolns‚
ImeamWv. Rm≥ h∂n√mbncps∂
¶n¬ a‰msc¶nepw akolmbn´v hcpI
Xs∂ sNøpambncp∂p.
c≠v ZrjvSm¥ßƒGh¿°pw {]Xy£amb c≠v
BImiob ZrjvSm¥ßƒ alvZoa
kolns‚ ImeØv kw`hn°psa∂v
lZokn¬ ImWp∂p. \n›bw
\ΩpsS alvZn°v ({]tXyIamb) c≠v
ZrjvSm¥ßfp≠v. BImi`qanIƒ
krjvSn®Xv apX¬ Chc≠pw
(ZrjvSm¥ambn) kw`hn®n´n√.
AXmbXv, dafm≥ amkØn¬ (N{μ
{KlWcm{XnIfnse) BZy Znhkw
N{μ{KlWhpw, dafm\n¬ Xs∂
(kqcy{KlWZn\ßfnse) a[y
Znhkw kqcy{KlWhpw kw`
hn°pw. (ZmdpJpXv\n 188, ^Xmhm
lZoknø 31, a‡q_mØv 2/132,
an¿JmØv, AemamØp¬ alvZn 57)
hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ Cu ZrjvSm¥ßsf
kqNn∏n°p∂p≠v. IÆv an∂nt∏mIp
Ibpw, N{μ\v {KlWw _m[n°p
Ibpw ({KlWw _m[n°p∂Xn¬)
kqcy\pw N{μ\pw Hcpan®v Iq´s∏Sp
Ibpw sNøptºmƒ. (75:7-9). AXn
\m¬ Cu {]hN\Øns‚ ASnthcv
Jp¿B\nemWp≈Xv. lZokv CXns\
hniZoIcn°pIbmWv sNøp∂Xv.
F∂m¬ Nne FXncmfnIƒ
]dbp∂Xvt]mse dafm≥ H∂mw
cmhn¬ N{μ{KlWhpw ]Xn\©mw
cmhn¬ kqcy{KlWhpw kw`hn°p
sa∂√ CXns‚ A¿Yw. ImcWw,
\_n(k) ]d™Xv "Jadn\v' {KlW
ap≠mIpsa∂mWv. amkmcw`Øn
ep≈ N{μ\v "Ja¿' F∂v ]dbpIbn
sömWv B[nImcnI Ad_n `mjm
{KŸßƒ hy‡am°p∂Xv. (enkm
\n¬ Ad_v,AJv_mdp¬ ahmcnZv,
ap≥PnZv). ssiJp¬ Ckvemw C_v\p
Xoanø ]dbp∂p; kqcy\v Aamhmkn
Zn\ßfnepw N{μ\v ]u¿Wan cm{Xn
IfnepamWv {KlWap≠mhpI F∂
Xv A√mlphns‚ \nbXn \nbaamWv.
Ch 13,14,15 cm{XnIfmWv. N{μ\v Cu
cm{XnIfn¬ am{Xta {KlWw kw`hn
°pIbp≈q. kqcy\v Aamhmkn
Znhkßfn¬(27,28 ,29) am{Xta
{KlWw _m[n°pIbp≈q. (aPvaq
Ax^Xmh `mKw:1 , A[ymbw:
Jk^p¬ Ja¿). am{Xa√ H∂mw
cmhnesØ N{μ\v {KlWw
_m[n®m¬ AXv \Kv\t\{Xß
sfs°m≠v ImWmt\m Adnbmt\m
km[ya√. CXmsW¶n¬ temIadntb
≠ Hcp ZrjvSm¥hpamWv. amkw
ImWmsX H∂mw cmhmsW∂v
\n›bn°m\pw km[ya√. Alvse
lZokv ]finX\mb auem\m
lm^nkv aplΩZv etJms°' Alv
hmep¬ BJndØv' F∂ {KŸØn¬
FgpXp∂p. Cu hN\ßfnse kqcy
N{μ {KlW߃ dafm\nse 13, 27
ZnhkßfnemWv kw`hn°pIsb∂v
kqNn∏n°s∏´ncp∂p. ]n¬°meØv
lZokns‚bpw {]IrXn \nbaß
fptSbpw shfn®Øn¬ {KlWØn
s‚ bYm¿Y XobXnIƒ dafm≥
13∂pw 28\pamsW∂v hniZoIcn°
s∏Sp∂XmWv.
CXp {]Imcw Xs∂ 1894 am¿®v 21
hymgmgvN / lnPvdx 1311 dafm≥ 13 \v
N{μ{KlWhpw G{]n¬ Bdv
sh≈nbmgvN/dafm≥ 28 \v kqcy
{KlWhpw lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)s‚
ImeØv temIw apgph≥ ImWp∂
\nebn¬Xs∂ kw`hn®p. C¥ybnse
"BkmZv', "knhn¬ B‚ v anen´dn
Kk‰v' apXemb {]apJ ]{Xßfpw'
Canon of Eclips by Oppolzer' F∂
]pkvXIØnepw, 1894 ¬ {]kn≤o
Icn® ]©mwKØnepw CXv ÿnco
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥33
Icn®n´p≠v. Cu {KlWw ZriyambXv
`qanbpsS Ing°≥ A¿[tKmf
ØnemsW¶n¬ ASpØ h¿jw dafm
\n¬ Xs∂ ]Sn™md≥ A¿[tKmf
Ønepw CtX XobXnIfn¬ Xs∂
ho≠pw kqcyN{μ {KlWw kw`
hn®p.
tbmKyXHscm‰ cm{XnsIm≠v A√mlp
At±lsØ tbmKy\m°p∂Xmbncn
°pw. (lZokv C_v\pamP \º¿ 4085,
AlvaZv 645)
Camw C_v\p Iko¿ Cu
\_nhN\sØ hymJym\n°p∂p;
Hcp cm{Xnbn¬ A√mlp At±l
sØ Ckvemlv sNøp∂XmWv F∂v
sh®m¬ B Hcp cm{Xnbn¬ A√mlp
At±lØns‚ ]›mØm]w ]q¿W
ambn kzoIcn°p∂Xpw khntij
amb Xu^oJpw C¬lmapw k∑m¿
Khpw \¬Ip∂XpamWv. AXns‚
sXm´papºv At±lw Aßs\
sbm∂pw Bbncp∂n√. (A¬\nlmb
Øp ^n¬^nX≥ 43/1)
ta¬ lZokv hnhcn®psIm≠v
I°mSv aplΩZv ss^kn Xs‚
]pkvXIØn¬ ]dbp∂p; lZokn¬
]d™ Cu e£Ww {it≤bamWv.
Camw alvZn(A) sNdp∏\mƒ apX¬
s]mXpsh Adnbs∏SmØ hy‡n
Xzambncn°pw. At±lw km[mcW
PohnXw \bn°pw. hfsc `mcn®
alØmb HcpØchmZnXzw Xs‚
Npaen¬ A¿∏n°s∏Sm≥ t]mIp∂
Xns\]‰n At±lw Xs∂bpw t_m[
hm\mbncn°Wsa∂n√. apkvenw
DΩØv AIs∏´ncn°p∂ Zb\o
bamb hnja k‘nbn¬ \n∂pw
Ahsc tamNn∏n°m≥ F¥p≠v
am¿Kw F∂v Nn¥n°pIbpw AXn¬
a\ws\m¥v Ic™v {]m¿Yn°pIbpw
sNøp∂ At\Icn¬ Hcmfmbncn°pw
At±lhpw. (Camw alvZnbpsS
BKa\w)
lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) ]dbp∂p;
Hcp cm{Xn A√mlp XBem
kºq¿Wambn Fs∂ kap≤cn°p
Ibpw a\pjyIcßsf sImt≠m
Dt±iw sImt≠m kw`hn°mØ Hcp
AhkvYbnte°v Fs∂ Ah≥
]cnh¿Ø\w sNøpIbpw sNbvXp.
(XmcosJ AlvaZnøØv 165/1)
kmlnXy kºpjvSamb Ad_n`mj
bneS°w A\h[n {KŸßfpw
JkzoZIfpw {]kwKßfpw £W
t\cw sIm≠v sNøpIbpw Ad_v
temIsØ AXnImbcmb ]finX
t\Xm°sf sh√phnfn°pIbpw
sNøm≥ At±lØn\v ss[cyw
\¬InbXv Cu ssZhnI ]cnh¿Ø\w
H∂v am{Xambncp∂p.
\ntbmK ZuXyw\oXnam\mb hn[nI¿Ømhmbn´v
alvZnbpsS ]pd∏mSp≠mIpw. At±lw
IpcnipIƒ XI¿°pw. ]∂nsb
sIm√pw. (AemamØp¬ alvZn 42)
ChIƒ Xs∂bmWv Cukm(A)bpsS
ZuXyambn´pw lZokn¬ h∂Xv. Cu
c≠mfpw HcmfmsW∂XmWnXn\p
ImcWw. IpcnipS°pw F∂Xns‚
hnh£ {InkvXob hnizmkßfpsS
s]m≈Øc߃ Xpd∂pImWn°pI
bpw CkvemanImibßsf kpi‡
am°pIbpw sNøpsa∂pamWv.
(_nlmdp¬ A≥hm¿:198/13) At±lw
A\mNmcßsf \o°w sNøpIbpw
\_nNcy \S∏n¬ hcpØpIbpw
sNøpw. (AemamØp¬ alvZn 54)
Camw alvZn \_n(k)bpsS kp∂
Øv, AYhm At±lØns‚ ico
AØv P\ßfn¬ {]mh¿Øn
Iam°pw. (an¿JmØv/ InXm_p¬
^nX≥)BZ¿i{]amWßsfs°m≠v
Z÷mens\ ]cmPbs∏SpØn
Ckvemw aXsØ i‡ns∏SpØp∂
Hcp almXvamhns\ Cu kapZm
bØn¬ \ntbmKn°p∂ A√mlp
hn\p kvXpXn. JmØap¬ Huenb
bmb alvZn CamamWt±lw (an¿
JmØv). Camw alvZn Ckvemans‚
kXytØbpw \_n(k) bpsS almXv
aytØbpw sXfnbn®p ImWn°p∂
'_dmlo≥' sIm≠p hcp∂Xm
bncn°pw. A√mlphns‚ Hcp
krjvSnkaqlw Xs∂ AXns\
kzoIcn°p∂Xmbncn°pw. (iwkp¬
aBcn^p¬ Ip_vdx 304/1)
lZvdØv AlvaZ v(A)Xs‚
PohnXImew apgph\pw ta¬ hnhcn®
Z u X y ] q ¿ Ø o I c W Ø n \ m b n
Dgn™p sh®ncp∂p F∂v At±l
Øns‚ PohnXw ]Tn°p∂ B¿°pw
t_m[ys∏Sp∂XmWv. `n∂n®p
\n¬°p∂ temIP\X°v AhcpsS
BZ¿ißfpsS hnjbØn¬
\oXn]q¿hw hn[n\¬In. tbip
{InkvXp acWs∏´psh∂ shfns∏Sp
ØtemsS Ipcniv hnizmksØ
XI¿Øp. ASpØ `mhnbn¬ Xs∂
CkvemanI \mSpIƒ apgph\pw
tbiphns‚ sImSn°ogn¬ h∂p
tNcpIbpw, IA_Øp√mbn¬
Ipcnip \m´Ø° hÆw Ckvemw
`qapJØp \n∂pw \mamhtij
ambnØocpIbpw sNøpw (Lecturesof Barrows) F∂v hochmZw apg°nb
^mZ¿ hneyw _tdmkns\t∏mse
bp≈ {InkvXob anjWdnam¿
lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)s‚ BKa\
tØmsS sh≈Øn¬ hoW XoI\¬
t]msebmbn amdn.
lZvdØv AlvaZv(A) A\mNm
cßtfbpw A‘hnizmkßtfbpw
FXn¿ØpsIm≠v \_n Ncysb
]p\ÿm]n®p. CkvemanI icoA
Øns‚ bYm¿Y shfn®w temIØv
\ne\m´n. \∑bpsSbpw [¿aØn
s‚bpw i{Xphmb Z÷mens‚
hn`mKsØ kXy{]amWßfpw
ZrjvSm¥ßfpambn a√Sn®p tXm¬
∏n®p. "_dmlos\ AlvaZnø' F∂
hn{ipX {KŸw aptJ\ Ckvem
ans‚bpw \_n(k)bpsSbpw FXncm
fnIsf Aºc∏n®p. A¥yZn\w hsc
bp≈h¿°v kam[m\tØmsS Pohn
°m≥ klmbIamIp∂ ssZhnI
⁄m\߃ amtemI¿°v kΩm\n®p.
Ah hniZoIcn°m≥ {KŸßƒ
A\h[n th≠n hcpw. AlvaZnøm
apkvenw PamAØv Ct∏mƒ AXmWv
sNbvXpsIm≠ncn°p∂Xv.
F∂m¬ A\oXnbpw A[¿ahpw
AXpt]mse AXns‚ h‡m°fpw
C\nbpw `qanbn¬ Ahtijn°p
∂p≠t√m F∂v kwibw {]ISn∏n
°p∂htcmSv ]finX∑m¿ Xs∂
adp]Sn \¬Inbn´p≠v Camw
alvZnbpsS ImeØv Z÷mepw
Ahs‚ A\pbmbnIfpw apkvenw
IfpsS i{Xp°fmbn D≠mhpI
F∂Xv, Camw alvZn Zo\ns\ klmbn
°psa∂pw `qanbn¬ \oXn \nd°p
sa∂pw ]dbp∂Xnt\mSv FXnc√.
ImcWw Cu ]d™Xns‚ Dt±iw
\∑ A[nIcn°pIbpw Ckvemw
i‡ns∏SpIbpw Ah¿°v hnPbw
e`n°pIbpw (BZ¿i]cambn)
a‰p≈hsc HXp°pIbpw sNøp
sa∂mWv. Xs‚ ImeØv ZpjvSP\
߃ D≠mI¬ CXns\Xnc√.
GXpt]msesb∂m¬ \_n(k)
bptSbpw k®cnXcmb Jeo^amcp
tSbpw ImeØv `qanbn¬ \oXn
\nd®ncp∂psh∂v \mw hnizkn
°p∂p, AtXmsSm∏w AhcpsS
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥34
ImeØv Ah¿°v Hcp]mSv i{Xp°fpw
D≠mbncp∂p. (AJoZØp Alven
p∂ h¬Ak¿ ^n¬a lvZnøn¬
ap≥Xf¿)
{][m\i{Xp°ƒCamw alvZn shfns∏´m¬
At±lØns‚ {][m\i{Xp°ƒ
{]tXyIn®pw ]finX∑mcmbn
cn°pw. (^pXqlmØp¬ a°nø : 336/
3) I°mS v ss^kn Xs‚
]pkvXIØn¬ FgpXp∂p; Camw
alvZn cwKØp h∂mepS≥ AXn
{Iaambn At±lsØ t\cnSphm≥
apkvenw cmPyßfn¬s]´h¿
Xs∂bmWv cwKØp hcnI F∂v
\_n(k) ]Tn∏n®n´p≠v. I≠dnbp
hm\pw sIm≠dnbphm\pw Ignhn
√mØ \n¿`mKyhm∑mcmb B ssk
\nI¿ H´\h[n t]¿ D≠mIpsa∂v
lZokn¬ ImWp∂p≠v. hy‡nsb
icnbmw hn[w Xncn®dnbmØhcpw,
Xncn®dn™n´pw [n°mc]cambn
apt∂dnbhcpw A°q´Ønep≠mhpw.
A√mlp {]kvXpX ssk\ysØ
CltemIØv sh®v Xs∂ ]mTw
]Tn∏n°pw hn[Øn¬ in£n°p
sa∂pw Xncp\_n (k) {]kvXmhn
®ncn°p∂p.(Camw alvZnbpsS
BKa\w: 74)
tI´pw I≠pw sIm≠pw H∂p
adnbmØ ]finX ssk\yw
Xs∂bmbncp∂p lZvdØv AlvaZv
(A)\pw t\cntS≠n h∂ {][m\
i{Xp°ƒ. I°mSv ss^kn ]d™Xp
t]mse apkvenw cmPyßfn¬
\n∂mbncp∂p AhcpsS IpXn®p
Nm´w. I°msS¶nepw H∂p I≠dn
™ncps∂¶n¬!.
tZlhntbmKwAt±lw Xs‚ hncn∏n¬ InS∂m
bncn°pw h^mØmIpI. (Aemam
Øp¬ alvZn 59) i{Xp°fm¬ hebw
sNøs∏´ lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)s\
I≈t°kn¬ IpSp°n Pbnene
S°m\pw Xq°nte‰m\pw NXnhn¬
h[n°m\pw ]e IpX{¥ßfpw
i{Xp°ƒ ]b‰n t\m°n. F√mw
\njv^eamIpIbpw lZvdØv
AlvaZv(A) Xs‚ ZuXyw \n¿hln
°pIbpw sNbvXp. Ahkm\w
A√mlp \n›bn® At±lØns‚
Ah[nsbØnbt∏mƒ Xs‚
Ahkm\sØ {KŸamb 'ss]Km
sakp¬lv' FgpXn A®Sn°m≥
G¬∏n®Xns‚ tijw AXmbXv, 1908
sabv 26¬ Xs‚ kl[¿anWnbp
sSbpw k¥X klNmcnIfpsSbpw
ASpØv h®v Xs∂ h^mØmbn.
C∂men√mln.
ÿm\almXvayw{]ikvX Xm_nCu ]finX\mb
Camw C_v\p knco≥(h^mØv
ln:110) ]dbp∂p; Camw alvZn Fs‚
]nXmhns\°mfpw ]nXrhys\°mfpw
DØa\mWv. ]e \_namtc°mfpw
At±lw t{ijvT\mbncn°p∂p.
A_q_°¿(d)Dw Da¿(d)Dw At±l
Øns‚ t{ijvTXsbØpIbn√.
bYm¿YØn¬ CXv At±lØns‚
t{ijvTXb√. adn®v \ΩpsS \_n(k)
bptSXmWv. \_(k)bpsS icoAØp
ambn \ntbmKn°s∏´Xn\mepw \_n
(k)sb ]n≥]‰nbXn\mepw e`n®
XmWv. (AemamØp¬ alvZn 71)
Camw alvZnbpsS ÿm\w \p_pΔ
Øns‚ ÿm\ambncn°psa∂v taep
≤cWn hy‡am°p∂p. ImcWw,
kn≤oJmb A_q_°¿(d) AS°
ap≈ kzlm_Ønt\°mƒ t{ijvT
\mIm≥ \p_pΔØns‚ ]Zhn e`n®
h¿°√msX km[ya√t√m! lZvdØv
AlvaZv(A) X\n°v \p_pΔØns‚
]Zhn A√mlp \¬Inbn´ps≠∂pw
B A¿YØn¬ Xm≥ \_nbmsW
∂pw hmZn°pIbpw {]Jym]n°p
Ibpw sNbvXncp∂p. Hcp ]t£,
At±lw Aßs\ hmZn®n´n√m
bncp∂psh¶nemWv \ap°t±lØn
s‚ alvZo hmZØn¬ kwibn°m
\p≈q.
apkvenwIƒ Camw alvZnsb{]Xo£n°p∂p
I°mSv ss^kn Xs∂ ]dbp∂p;
Dkvam\nø Jnem^Øns‚ ]X\
Øn\p tijw temIXeØn¬
`cW]camb Hcp {]Xo£bpw
CkvemanI kaqlØn\p≠mbn´n√.
BtKmfXeØn¬ `uXnItam
BXvaobtam Bb Hcp t\XrXz
an√mbvabpsS ZpcnXm\p`h߃
Ipds®m∂pa√ \mw A\p`hn®Xv.
A\ptbmPyamb t\XrXzw, Ckveman
I `cWkzm[o\w, sFIyw, katcm
’pIX, BXvaob ]cnip≤n, hnZym
`ymkta∑ F∂nßs\ hnPb Ime
L´ßfn¬ D≠mbncp∂ k¿h am\
kZvKpWßfpw ssItamiw h∂n´v
]Xn‰m≠pIƒ Ign™p t]mbn.
anºdpIfnepw anlvdm_pIfnepw
CSXShn√msX Dbcp∂ {]m¿Y\m
s\mºc߃ kPoh i–ßfmbn
apg°w krjvSn°p∂p!! BXvam¿
Ycmb `‡P\ßfpsS a\apcpIn
bp≈ Zbml¿PnIƒ°v Fs∂¶nep
samcn°¬ aplΩZv \_n(k) bpsS
Zbm]c\mb d∫v DØcw sNømXncn
°ptam ? {kjvSm hmb A√mlphn\v
CjvSs∏´ GIaX kcWnbpsS
h‡m°fmb apkvenwIƒ Fs∂t∂
°pambn \n lmbcpw \ncmew_cp
ambn Dt]£n°s∏Sptam? Hcn°epw
Aßs\bp≠m hm\nSbn√. Cu
kapZmbØns‚ k¿hXe c£°v
G‰hpw A\nhmcy ambn´p≈ kwKXn,
BtKmfXeØn¬ `uXnIhpw
BXvaobhpambn kºq¿W t\XrXzw
hln°p∂ e£W samØ Hcp
\mbIs‚ kPoh km∂n[yamWv.
A√mlphns‚ khntijamb
klmbap≈ Hcp Camw Dbn¿
sØgpt∂¬°pIbmWv F√m‰n\pw
]cnlmcw. ! ! (Camw alvZnbpsS
BKa\w: )
AtX, BXvam¿Ycmb `‡P\
ßfpsS a\apcpInbp≈ Zbml¿Pn
Iƒ°v aplΩZv \_n(k)bpsS Zbm]
c\mb d∫v DØcw sNbvXncn°p∂p.
Cu kapZmbØns‚ k¿hXe
c£°v th≠n, BtKmfXeØn¬
`uXnIhpw BXvanbhpambn kºq
¿W t\XrXzw hln°p∂ e£W
samØ Hcp \mbI≥, A√mlphns‚
khntijamb klmbap≈ Hcp
Camw CXm Dbn¿sØgpt∂‰ncn
°p∂p. F√m‰n\pw ]cnlmcw
ImWm≥ th≠n Xs∂. A\lvaZn
Ifmb Nne ]finX∑m¿ hsc alvZn
Camans\ Ipdn®v ]T\w \SØn
]pkvXIw FgpXnbt∏mƒ Cu
bmYm¿Yyw Xpds∂gpXnbn´p≠v.
X_veoKv PamAØv ]finX≥
amhq¿ kpss_¿ auehn FgpXp∂p:
Camw alvZnbpsS P\\w \S∂n
cn°p∂p F∂v temIapkvenw
]finX¿ ]ecpw AhImis∏´p
Ign™p. (Camw alvZnbpw Cukma
kolpw47) ]t£, F°meØpw
kw`hn°p∂Xp t]mse, Hcp
{]hmNIs‚ hchpw {]Xo£n®n
cn°p∂ kapZmbw B {]hmNI≥
BKX\mIptºmƒ \ntj[n°mdmWv
]Xnhv. \_n(k) bpsS hnjbØnepw
CXv kw`hn®n´p s≠∂mWv Jp¿B≥
]dbp∂Xv. hmKvZØ alvZo ako
lns‚ hnjbØnepw CXp Xs∂
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥35
bmWv kw`hn®Xpw. GsXmcp {]hmN
I\pw {]Jym]n®Xp t]mse Xs∂
At±lhpw Xs‚ \ntbmKw temI
tØmSv {]Jym]n®p.
GsXmcphs‚ ssIbn¬ Fs‚
Poh\ncn°p∂pthm B k¿h
i‡s\ kXyw sNbvXp sIm≠v
Rm≥ ]dbp∂p: _pJmcnbnepw
apkvenanepw a‰p kznlmlpIfnepw
h∂n´p≈ lZokpIfneqsS Xncp\_n
(k) kphntijadnbn® AtX
hmKvZØ akolv Rm≥ Xs∂
bmIp∂p. (a¬^qkmØv) hmKvZm\w
sNøs∏´ akolpw alvZnbpw
B¥cnIhpw _mlyhpamb `n∂X
Iƒ°p≈ hn[n I¿Ømhpw Rm\m
sW∂v A√mlp Xs‚ ]cnip≤hpw
]hn{Xhpamb shfn]mSv aptJ\
Fs∂ Adnbn®ncn°p∂p. (A¿_
Cu≥) \_nXncpta\n(k) \_nbp
√mlv F∂v \maIcWw sNbvXn´p≈
B hmKvZØ akolv Rm≥ Xs∂
bmIp∂p. (\pkqep¬ akolv)
AXn\m¬, Cu ImeL´Øn¬
A√mlphns\\mY\mbpw aplΩZv
\_n(k)sb {]hmNI\pw ssZhZqX
\pambpw AwKoIcn®v Pohn°W
sa¶n¬ lZvdØv AlvaZv(A)s\
Camw alvZnbmbn´v AwKoIcn°¬
A\nhmcyamWv. Ahkm\ambn Hcp
XncphN\tØmsS \n¿Øp∂p. \_n
(k) ]d™p;
Camw alvZnsb \n߃ Is≠
Ønbm¬ At±lØn\v \n߃ ss_
AØv sNøWw. a™n\papIfneqsS
Cg™p t]mtI≠n h∂mepw icn.
ImcWw At±lw A√mlphns‚
Jeo^bmb alvZnbmWv. (C_v\p
amPx 1367/2)
Hcp apkvenw \n¿hln°m≥ _m≤y
Xs∏´ ASnÿm\]camb A©v
Imcyßfn¬ H∂mWv \akvImcw.
\akvImcØn\v hnip≤ Jp¿B≥
hºn® {]m[m\yamWv \¬Inbncn
°p∂Xv. A√mlphns‚ {KŸØn¬
\akvImcØnt‚Xmbn \nch[n
KpW߃ hnhcn°s∏´n´p≠v. .
Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂p: ‘ C∂ kzemØ
X≥lm A\n¬ ^lvimbv h¬
ap≥I¿ ’ Xo¿®bmbpw \akvImcw
\oNI¿aßsfbpw \njn≤I¿aß
sfbpw XSbp∂p’(29:46) kqd:epJv
am\n¬ lZvdØv epJvam≥ Xs‚ aI\v
\¬Inb D]tZiw tcJs∏SpØp∂p.
{]Yahpw {][m\hpambn At±lw
Xs‚ aIs\ Hm¿as∏SpØp∂Xv ‘ bm
_p\øm AJnan kzemØv. ’ A√tbm
Fs‚ s]mt∂ma\ aIt\ \akvImcw
\ne\n¿ØpI ’(31:8)\akvImcsØ°pdn®v dkq¬
Xncpta\n(k) ]d™Xmbn Hcp
lZokn¬ h∂ncn°p∂Xv.
‘C∂ ^n kzemØn in^m:’‘Xo¿®bmbpw \akvImcØn¬
ia\ap≠v.’ C¥ybnse AeoKUn¬
\n∂v ]pds∏Sp∂ ‘Xlvko_p¬
AJvem°v ’ F∂ DdpZp amknIbn¬
Hcp apkvenw ]finX≥ FgpXnb
teJ\Øn¬ IrXyambn apSßmsX
\akvImcw \n¿hln°p∂ Hcmƒ°v
AbmfpsS AÿnIfpw k‘nIfpw
ÿncambn Ne\mXvaIamhp∂Xv
sIm≠v Hcn°epw k‘nho° tcmKw
hcm\p≈ km[yXbn√ F∂v
]dbp∂p. lZokns‚ shfn®Øn¬
\akvImcw sIm≠p≠mIp∂ Nne
imcocnIamb t\´ßƒ hnhcn°mw.
1 . \nXyhpap≈ {IanIamb
imcocnIm≤zm\w sImtfmkvt{Smƒ
Afhv Ipd°pw. sImtfmkvt{Smƒ
lm¿´v A‰m°v, lrt{ZmKw, {]talw
apXemb ]e AkpJßfpap≠m°pw.
\∂mbn A≤zm\n°p∂ Hcmƒ°v
Ipd™ sImtfmkvt{Smƒ am{Xta
D≠mhq. \akvImcw sIm≠v CXv
km[yambn Xocp∂p.
2. \akvImcw G‰hpw amXrIm]c
amb Hcp FIvk¿sskkv IqSnbmWv.
AXv Zl\t°Sv XSbp∂p. {]`mX
Øn¬ hb¿ ImenbmbnInS°p
tºmgmWv kp_vln \akvImcw.
Nne¿ kp_vln°v apºv Xl÷pZv
\akvImcw \n¿hln°p∂p. AXv
t]mse cm{Xn `£WØn\v tij
ap≈ \akv°mcØnse icoc
Ne\hpw Zl\ {]{Inbsb klmbn
°p∂p.
3.\akvImcØn\v XpS°Øn¬
\mw XIv_o¿ sNm√ptºmƒ Ccp
sssIIƒ Db¿Øp∂p. CXv
aknepIƒ Nen∏n°pIbpw Xe
HgnsIbp≈ icoc`mKßfnte°v
c‡w {]hln°m≥ ImcWamIp
Ibpw sNøp∂p.
4 .\akvImcØnse G‰hpw
{][m\s∏´ A\pjvTm\w kpPqZmWv.
s\‰n sIm≠v \mw Xdbn¬ kv]¿in®v
A√mlphns\ hWßptºmƒ
\ΩpsS Xebnte°v ]pXpc‡Øns‚
{]hmlap≠mIp∂p. tbmKbn¬
Nne¿ CXn\mbn {]bmkIcamb
io¿jmk\w sNømdp≠v.
5.\akv°mcØnse CSbnencp
ØØn¬ \ΩpsS CSp∏v k‘n,
Im¬ap´v, sssIap´v, \s´√v, ssI°pg
F∂o AÿnIsf√mw Hcp hncmam
hÿbnemhpIbpw \ΩpsS icoc
\akvImcØns‚ imcocnI t\´ßƒk°cnbm hn¿°v. bp. F v
\akvImcØn∂v BXvaobamb ]ptcmKXn°v ]pdta
imcocnIamb t\´ßfpap≠v.
teJ\w
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥35
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥36
Øn\v BsI Abhv \¬IpIbpw
sNøp∂p. Cu Ahÿbn¬ icocmh
bh߃°p≠mIp∂ A\mbmk
amb a¿Zw t]inIsf Abhp≈
Xm°n am‰p∂p.
6. lrZbamWt√m G‰hpw {][m\
s]´ icoc `mKw. AXv icocØns‚
F√m`mKtØ°pw c‡w hnXcWw
sNøp∂p. \akvImcØnse Cu
Ne\߃ lrZbØn\v \√ Hcp
hymbmaambn amdp∂p. dkq¬
Xncpta\n(k)bpsS Hcp lZokv
{]Imcw icocØn¬ Hcp Ahbh
ap≠v. AXv BtcmKyIcambncn°p
tºmƒ apgp icochpw BtcmKy
Icambncn°pw. AXv tcmKmhÿ
bnemhptºmƒ apgp icochpw
tcmKnbmbn Xocpw. AXmWv lrZbw.
7.\ΩpsS icocØnse Hcp {][m\
AÿnbmWvv Im¿´ntePv (Cartilage -
=XcpWmÿn) Im¿´ntePv F∂m¬
F√nt\°mƒ ImTn\yw Ipd™
AÿnbmWv. icoc`mKßsf _‘n
∏n°p∂nSßfnemWv Im¿´ntePv
ImWmdp≈Xv. Im¿´ntePv \n¿an®n
cn°p∂ icocIeIfn¬ c‡°p
gen√. AXn\m¬ ChnsS t\cn´v
c‡Nw{IaWw sNøs∏Sp∂n√.
k‘nIfpsS Ne\߃ icocØnse
Cu `mKtØ°v c‡w ]ºv sNøs∏
Sm≥ ImcWamIp∂p. Cusbmcp
Ne\ans√¶n¬ Im¿´ntePv IeIƒ \
in®v amcIamb tcmK km[yXbp≠v.
CXv k‘nhmXØnte°pw.
k‘nIfnse thZ\bnte°pw
achn∏nte°pw \bn°pw. Aßs\
hcptºmƒ _mIvSocnbbpw
sshdkpw Cu `mKsØ XßfpsS
hnlmc cwKam°n am‰pw. Im¿´ntePv
taJebn¬ c‡°pgepIƒ C√mØ
Xn\m¬ tcmKmWp°sf sNdp°m
\p≈ B‚n t_mUn°v FØm≥
km≤ya√. AXv sIm≠vv ]cp°v ]‰nb
Im¿´ntePv IeIfpsS ia\w hfsc
kmh[m\ØnemWv. \akvImcØnse
Ne\߃ Im¿´ntePpIsf BtcmKy
Icambn \ne\n¿Øp∂p. Cu
ImcWØm¬ \akvImcØnep
≠mIp∂ BXvaob KpW߃°v
]pdta \nch[n imcocnIamb
KpWßfpap≠v. ASpØ XhW
\akvIcn°ptºmƒ Cu KpW߃
IqSn kvacn®p sIm≠v A√mlphn\v
\μn tcJs∏SpØpI.. Xo¿®bmbpw
\akvImcØn¬ ia\ap≠v!
blqZ blqZ P\X tdmamkm
{amPyØn¬ sh®v H∂pw
c≠pw \q‰m≠pIfn¬
hºn® ]oU\߃°v hn
t[bamhpIbp≠mbn.
tdmw ]n∂oSv {InkvXp
aXØn\v IogSßnbt∏mƒ
blqZ ]oU\Øns‚
IncmX ]¿h߃ ho≠pw
Bh¿Øn°pIbmbn
cp∂p.
tdmamkm{amPyØn¬ c≠mw \q‰m
t≠mSp IqSn l{Znbm≥ F∂v
hnfn°s∏Sp∂ ]ªnbqkv Fenbqkv
A{Znbm\qkv AKkv‰kv (PubliusAelius Hadrianus Augustus ˛{In.h.
76- 136) N{Ih¿Øn A[nImcta‰p.
l{Znbm≥ a‰p tdma≥ `cWm[n
ImcnIfn¬ \n∂v `n∂ambn a\pjy
Fs∂ kw_‘n®v Fs‚ Zmk≥am¿ \nt∂mSv tNmZn°p∂ ]£w
(]dbpI) \nivNbambpw Rm≥ kao]ÿ\mIp∂p. {]m¿Yn°p∂
hs‚ {]m¿Y\°v Rm≥ DØcw \evIpw; Ah≥ Fs∂ hnfn®v
{]m¿Yn°ptºmƒ AXpsIm≠v Ah¿ Fs‚ hnfn°v DØcw
\evIpIbpw F∂n¬ hnizkn°pIbpw sNøs´; Ah¿
k≥am¿Kw {]m]n°p∂Xn\pth≠n.
(hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ 2:187)
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥37
]oU\w: aX]camb ImcW߃
Xz]camb kao]\ap≈bmfmbmWv
Ncn{XØn¬ Adnb s∏Sp∂X.v A©v
\√ tdma≥ ̀ cWm[nImcnIfn¬ (FiveGood Emperors) aq∂ma\mbn
Adnbs∏Sp∂ l{Znbm≥ XpS°
Øn¬ blpZtcmS v A\p`mhap
≈bmfmbncp∂p. blqZsc At±lw
sPdpkteante°v hcm≥ A\ph
Zn®p. Xs‚ ap≥KmanIƒ \in∏n®
sPdqkteanse tkmfas‚ Bcm[
\mebw ]p\¿\n¿an®v kΩm\ambn
blqZ¿°v ka¿∏n°psa∂v l{Zn
bm≥ {]Xn⁄sbSpØp. CXv blqZ
cn¬ hfsctbsd {]Xo£Iƒ \¬In.
]n∂oSv At±lw sPdpktew kμ¿
in®t∏mƒ B {]Xn⁄bn¬ \n∂v
]n∑mdpIbmWp≠mbXv . ]Icw
sPdpktew ]p\¿\n¿an®v tdma≥
]´mf°m¿°v Xmakn°m≥ Genbm
Im]nt‰men\m (Aelia Cpitolina) F∂
t]cn¬ Hcp tImf\n \Kcw \n¿an
°m\mWv At±lw Xocpam\n®Xv.
am{Xa√ tdma≥ tZhXIƒ°v th≠n
Pq]n‰¿ Im]nt‰men\pkv (JupiterCapitolinus) F∂ Hcp
Bcm[\mebw ]Wnbm\pw \n›
bn®p. blqZtcmSv At±lw A\p
h¿Øn® arZpe kao]\Øn¬ \n∂v
]n∑mdnb l{Znbm≥ blqZcpsS
sImSpw ]oUI\mbn amdn. AXn\v
ImcWambn ]dbs∏Sp∂Xv A∂
sØ tdma≥ BNmca\pkcn®v
kzh¿Km\pcmKnbmb l{Znbm≥,
B‚nt\mbpkv (Antinous) F∂ Hcp
{Ko°v _me\n¬ A\pc‡\mhp
Ibpw Xs‚ CuPn]vjy≥ ]cyS\
Øn¬ Ah\pambn ss\¬ \Znbn¬
Demkbm{X \SØptºmƒ B‚n
t\mbqkv \Znbn¬ hoWv acn°p
Ibpap≠mbn. B‚nt\mbpkn¬
AXy[nIw {`an®p himb l{Znbms‚
kz`mhØn¬ Cu kw`hØn\v
tijw hºn® hyXnbm\w ImWs∏´p
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]ns∂ acn®p t]mb B‚nt\mbp
kns\ Hcp tZh\mbn {]Jym]n°p
Ibpw At±lØns‚ {]Xnabpw
t£{Xhpw ÿm]n°p∂Xn¬
hym]rX\mhpIbpw sNbvXp. ]n∂oSv
l{Znbm≥ blqZtcmS v ISpØ
\ne]mSv kzoIcn°pIbmWp≠mbXv.
blqZcpsS ta¬ At±lw tdma≥
hXv°cWhpw bh\ hXv°cWhpw
ASnt®¬∏n®p. blqZcpsS enwK
]cntOZ\ k{ºZmbw \nba
hncp≤am°n. Cßs\ blqZnIƒ
\m\mhn[Ønepw ]oUn∏n°s∏´
AhkcØn¬ tImkn_ F∂
bmfpsS aI\mb sska¨ (sska≥
_n≥ tImkn_ Simon Ben Kosiba)blqZcpsS t\XrXzw Gs‰SpØv
hnπhØn\mbv apt∂m´ v h∂p.
ska¨ _m¿ tIm®v_ (Simon BarKochba-\£{X ]pcpj≥) F∂
t]cnepw sska¨ _n≥ tImkn_
Adnbs∏Sp∂p.
AizmcpV\mb ssk\nIs‚
thjØn¬ Xm\mWv blqZnIƒ°v
hmKvZm\w sNøs∏´ ZmhoZns‚
k¥m\ ]cºcbn¬s∏´ akolv
F∂v ]d™p cwK{]thi\w sNbvX
sska¨ _m¿ tIm®v_ F∂ Cu
F.Fw.aplΩZv kenw
teJ\w
PqX P\Xbpw B[p\nI Imehpw˛3
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥38
ssk\nI akolns\ ]n¥pW°m≥
alm ]finX\mb blqZ apJy
]ptcmlnX≥ d∫n AIn_
D≠mbncp∂p. blqZnIfpsS {]`mhw
\in® Pdpktean¬ {InkvXym\nIfpw
tdma≥ `cWm[nImcnIfm¬ ]oUnX
cmbncp∂p. _m¿sIm®v_bpsS
t\XrXzØn¬ tdma≥ `cWØn
s\Xnsc Iem]w kwLSn∏n®
blqZnIfpambn Iq´p tNcm≥
a¿ZnXcmb {InkvXym\nIƒ Xømdm
bn√. kXyakolns\ kzoIcn®
{InkvXym\nIƒ blqZnIfpsS
ssk\nI akolmb _m¿
sIm®v_tbmSv ASp°m≥ t]mepw
CjvSs∏´n√. tdma≥ N{Ih¿
Ønbmbncp∂ l¿Znbm≥, {_n´\nem
bncp∂ Xs‚ ssk\nI ta[mhn
skIv‰kv Pqenbkv skhdnbqkns\
Ab®v blqZ Iem]sØ ap®qSpw
\in∏n°pIbpw {In. h. 135¬
bp≤°fØn¬ sh®v sska¨ _n≥
tImkn_ F∂ sska¨ _m¿
tIm®v_sb h[n°pIbpw sNbvXp.1
Bdp]Xn‰m≠v ap≥]v
Pdpkteans\ B{Ian® ssS‰kns‚
]´mftØ°mƒ hºn®Xmbncp∂p
skhdnbqkns‚ ssk\yw. ]n∂oSv
blqZcn¬ \n∂v C\nsbmcp Iem]w
C√mXncn°m\pw blqZsc D∑pe
\miw hcpØpI F∂
e£yØmsSbpw l{Znbm≥ ISpØ
\S]SnIfmWv ssIs°m≠Xv. tXmd
\ntcm[n®p. ln{_p Ie≠dpw
\ntcm[n®p. blqZ ]finX∑msc
\njv°cpWw h[n®p If™p.
blqZcpsS hnip≤ {KŸßƒ
AhcpsS ]pWyÿeambsSºnƒ
S¨ au≠n¬ sh®v Np´pIcn®v
AhnsS Pp]n‰¿ tZhs‚bpw
Xs‚bpw c≠v {]XnaIƒ l{Znbm≥
ÿm]n®p. blqZy, Ckvdtb¬ F∂o
\ma߃ ]q¿Wambpw Ncn{XØn¬
\n∂v XpS®v \o°Wsa∂ Dt±i
tØmsS B ÿew kndnb
^ekvXo\ F∂v \maIcWw
sNbvXp.
tdmw ]n∂oSv {InkvXpaXØn\v
IogSßnbt∏mƒ Ncn{XsØ InSnew
sIm≈n® blqZ ]oU\Øns‚
Ccp≠ \q‰m≠pIfmbncp∂p IS∂p
h∂Xv. F¥mbncp∂p blqZ
ss{IkvXh sshcØns‚ aX]camb
ImcW߃?
aX]camaX]camaX]camaX]camaX]camb ImcW߃b ImcW߃b ImcW߃b ImcW߃b ImcW߃{InkvXym\nIƒ°v bmsXmcp
{]amWhpans√∂v blqZnIƒ
]dbp∂p. blqZnIƒ°v bmsXmcp
{] amWhpansöv {InkvXym\nIfpw
]dbp∂p. (hn. Jp¿B≥2:114)2
bqtdm∏nepw ]pcmX\ Ing°≥
tdmam km{amPyØnepw \S∂ blpZ
th´IfpsS aX]camb ImcW
sa¥msW∂v \ap°v t\m°mw. B‚n
skan‰nkw, t]m{Kmw , C¶znknj≥,
F∂ot]cpIfn¬ Ncn{XsØ blqZ
cIvXw sIm≠v timWnXam°nb
{InkvXym\nIƒ blqZcpsS F°me
tØbpw henb a¿ZIcmbncp∂p.
blqZnIƒ°v AhcpsS \ymb
{]amWw \nh¿Øn∏m≥ th≠n
hmKvZm\w sNøs∏´ aninlmbmbn
cp∂pht√m tbip. ]t£
At±lsØ blqZnIƒ kzoIcn®n
s√∂v am{Xa√ Ipcnin¬ Ib‰n
sIm√m≥ {ian°pIbpamWp≠mbXv.
CXns‚ h¿W\Iƒ \mep
kphntijßfnepw ImWmw.
tbiphns‚ apJy]oUI¿ blpZ
] p t c m l n X ∑ m c m b n c p ∂ p .
Ah¿s°Xnscbp≈ tbiphns‚
`’\߃ kphntijßfn¬
\nd™p \n¬°p∂p. blqZ
aXt\Xm°∑mtcbpw I]S
\mSy°mcmb ]coitcbpw
imkv{Xnamtcbpw tbip
iImcn°p∂Xv t\m°q. ‘ thZ⁄cpw
^ntkbcpw tamibpsS ]oTØn¬
Ccn°p∂p. . . .Ah¿ sNøp∂Xv
\n߃ {]amWam°cpXv. ImcWw
Ah¿ {]kwKn°p∂Xv Ah¿
sNøp∂n√.. Ah¿ Zp¿hlamb
NpaSpIƒ sI´p∂p. Ah a\pjycpsS
Npacn¬ sh°p∂p.F∂m¬
XßfpsS hnc¬ sIm≠v
klmbn°m≥ t]mepw Ah¿
Hcp°an√.. Ah¿ sNøp∂sX√mw
a\pjysc ImWn°m≥ th≠nbmWv.
Ah¿ XncphN\߃ FgpXn
s\‰n∏´ßƒ°v hoXnIp´p∂p.
tae¶nbnse sXmßepIƒ°v
hoXnIq´p∂p. Ah¿ hncp∂pIfn¬
apJyÿm\hpw kn\tKmKpIfn¬
G‰hpw anI® Ccn∏nShpw N¥
ÿeßfn¬ A`nhmZ\hpw
a\pjycn¬ \n∂v Kptcm F∂
kw_m[\bpw tamln°p∂p. ’(aØmbn 23:27) 3 tbip Hcn°¬
]d™p: Rm≥ ssZhØn¬ \n∂v
h∂h\mWv. kzta[bm h∂h\√.
Ah≥ Fs∂ Ab®XmWv. F¥p
sIm≠mWv Rm≥ ]dbp∂Xv
\n߃°v (blqZ¿°v)
a\ nemImØXv. Fs‚ hm°pIƒ
tIƒ°m≥ \n߃°v IgnbmØXv
sIm≠v Xs∂. \n߃ \nßfpsS
]nXmhmb ]nimNn¬ \n∂p≈
hcmWv. \n߃ \nßfpsS
]nXmhns‚ B{Kl߃ \ndth‰m\m
tdmanse l{Znbm≥ N{Ih¿ØnbpsS aptkmfnbw l{Znbm≥ N{Ih¿Øn
_m¿ sIm®v_bpsS ImeØv blpZ¿
ASn®nd°nb \mWbw
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥39
Wv CNvOn°p∂Xv. Ah≥ BZn
apX¬°p Xs∂ sImebmfn
Bbncp∂p. Ah\v kXyhpambn
bmsXmcp _‘hpw C√. ImcWw
Ah\n¬ kXyw C√. \pW
]dbptºmƒ Ah≥ kz¥w
{]IrXn°\pk cn®v kwkmcn°p∂p.
Ah≥ \pWbpw \pWbpsS
]nXmhpamWv. (tbml: 8: 42:˛45) 4
ss__nƒ kphntijßfn¬
PqX∑msc ]‰n tbiphns‚ cq£amb
]cma¿i߃ tbml∂m\n
emWp≈Xv. AXp sIm≠v
kphntijImc\mb tbmlm∂ms\
{InkvXym\nIfpsS blqZ hntcm[
Øns‚ (B‚n skan‰nkØns‚)
BNmcy\mbn Nne¿ hntijn∏n
°p∂p≠v.5
At∏mkvXe\mb sk‚ v
t]mfns‚ \ne]mSpIfpw blqZ
hntcm[Øn\v ImcWambnXo¿∂p.
tbip kzbw \ymb {]amWw
]men°pIbpw ]men°Wsa∂v
A\pbmbnIsf D]tZin °pIbp
amWv sNbvXXv. (aØm: 15: 17˛20.,16˛19).
F∂m¬ kz¥w blqZ ]mcºcyw
\ntj[n® ]ueqkv \ymb
{]amWsØ X≈n∏dbpIbmWp
≠mbXv . blqZcpsS \n¿_‘
BNmcamb enwK]cnNvtOZ\s°
Xnsc ISpØ \ne]mSv kzoIcn®
]ueqkv {InkvXym\nIsf ]cnNvtOZ
\bn¬ \ns∂mgnhm°pbpw sNbvXp.
{InkvXym\nbmhp∂Xn\v apºvXs∂
t]mƒ AYhm ]ueqkv F∂ t]cpw
tdma≥ ]ucXzhpw At±lw kzoIcn
®ncp∂p. At±lØns‚ bYm¿Y
Ønep≈ blqZ \maw iu¬
F∂mWv. blqZ ]mcºcyØnep
≠mbncp∂ {InkvXp aXsØ AXn¬
\n∂v th¿s]SpØpI am{Xa√ blqZ
hntcm[Øns‚ _oP߃ IpØn
sh°pIbpw sNbvXXn¬ t]mfns‚
]¶pw sNdpX√. kphntij
{]NmcWØn\ndßnb ]ueqkns\
sIm√psa∂v 40 blqZnIƒ i]Yw
sNbvXXmbn ss__nƒ ]dbp∂p. B
kμ¿`Øn¬ Cu tdma≥
]ucXzamWv At±lsØ X¬°mew
XpW®sX∂v ss__nƒ km£n
°p∂p. tbiphns\ {Iqin®p
sIm√W sa∂v apdhnfnIq´nb blqZ
P\XbpsS apºn¬ sh®v Cu
]m]Øn¬ X\n°v ]¶ns√∂v
hcpØphm≥ ]oemtØmkv
s s I I g p I n s b m g n ™ t ∏ m ƒ
blqZnIƒ hnfn®p ]d™ ss__nƒ
tcJs∏SpØnb hN\߃ GsXmcp
{InkvXym\nbpsSbpw lrZbØnepw
blqZnItfmSp≈ Xocm]I
krjvSn°m≥ t]m∂Xmbncp∂p.
‘Ahs‚ c‡w RßfpsS taepw
RßfpsS k¥m\ßfpsS taepw
Bbn Xocs´ ’ (aØm: 27 :25)6
F∂mbncp∂p blqZnIƒ hnfn®p
]d™Xv. alm\mb tbiphns\
{Iqin®Xn¬ ]pWyw BtLmjn
°p∂ ss__nfn¬ \n∂p≈ Cu
{Iqc amb \nμm hN\w N¿®pIfn¬
apgßptºmƒ A{Iamk ‡cmbn
blqZ th´°n dßp∂ {InkvXob
Iem]ImcnIfpsS thentb‰ßƒ
a≤yImeL´ßfnse ÿncw
{]Xn`mkambncp∂p
blqZ hntcm[Øn\v aX]camb
ImcWw ss__nƒ ]cma¿i߃
am{Xa√. blpZnIfpsS aX
kmlnXyßfn¬ aninlmbmb
{InkvXphns\Xnsc FgpXnb
Atßb‰w PpKp]vkmhlamb
\nμmhN\߃ IqSn ImcWamWv.
]nXrclnX\mb tbip, Pmck¥m\w
(\DuZp_n√mlv : ssZhØn¬
icWw) F∂mWv Nne blqZnIƒ
hnizkn°p∂Xv. Christianity a Jour-ney from Fact to Fiction F∂
]pkvXIØn¬ AlvaZnøm Jeo^
lZvdØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZv
(dlv) blqZnIfpsS CØcw A[a
kmlnXysØ ]‰n Hcp hnhcWw
\¬Ip∂p≠v.
‘blqZ P\XbpsS aX]cambkIe ⁄m\ßfpw hnizmkßfpwhymJym\n°p∂ Hcp ssk≤m¥nI]pkvXIamWv X¬aqZv. AXns‚A≤ym]\ {]Imcw tbiphns‚P\\w Pmc am¿KØnep≈XmWvF∂v am{Xa√ tbiphns‚ amXmhvE X p a X n b m b n c p ∂ t ∏ m ƒ]nimNpambp≠mb thgv®bnemWvAt±lw P∑w sIm≠Xv F∂pwFgpXp∂p. ho≠pw X¬aqZv A°mcywhniZoIcn°p∂p≠v. tbiphn∂vC u k m h p ( E s a u ) h n s ‚BXvamhmWp≠mbncp∂Xv. AbmƒHcp hnUvVnbmbncp∂p. HcpB`nPmcI≥. ssewKnIambnhg n] ng∏n°p∂h\pambnc p∂pAbmƒ. AXpsIm≠v Abmsf{Iqin®v \cIØn¬ X≈n.
A\pbmbnIfn¬ Abmƒ F°mesØbpw Hcp _nw_ambn. Xmsg°mWp∂ D≤cWn dh: sF.{]mss\‰nUv FgpXnb The ThalmudUnmasked (X¬aqZ v apJwaqSnbn√msX) F∂ ]pkvXIØn¬ \n∂vFSpØn´p≈XmWv
I√mlv (Kallah(18b) F∂ eLpteJbn¬ hnhcn®XmWv XmsgImWp∂ D≤cWn.
Hcn°¬ apXn¿∂h¿]SnhmXn¬°¬ Ccn°bmbncp∂p.c≠p bphm°ƒ IS∂pt]mbn. HcmƒXead®ncp∂p. d∫n Genk¿tcJs∏SpØp∂p. Xead°mØh≥Pmc\mbncp∂p. AXmbXv Hcpawavk¿(Mumzer)...d∫n tPmjzm]dbp∂p: Ahs\ K¿`w [cn®XvB¿Øh kabØmbncp∂p. AXmbXv Ah≥ ‘ _∂n±mlv ’(Bennidha)Bbncp∂p. d∫n AIn_mlv]dbp∂p: ‘Abmƒ CXv c≠pambncp∂p. CXv ]d™ DSs\ d∫nAIn_mlnt\mSv a‰p≈h¿ tNmZn®p:‘Xm¶ƒ F¥psIm≠v a‰p≈hcn¬\n∂pw `n∂ambn CXv ]dbp∂p?.’At±lw adp]Sn ]d™p: ‘Rm≥]dbp∂Xv F¥msW∂v F\n°vsXfnbn°m≥ km[n°pw. N¥bn¬]®°dnhn‰p sIm≠ncp∂ BsN°s‚ AΩbpsS ASpØv Rm≥t]mbncp∂p. Rm\htfmSv ]d™p:‘Fs‚ aItf Rm≥ tNmZn°p∂Xn∂v\o kXyk‘ambn adp]Sn]d™m¬ ]ctemIsØ in£bn¬\n∂v c£n°s∏Spw’. hmKvZm\w]men° Wsa∂v At±ltØmSvAhƒ Bhiys∏´p. d∫n AIn_mlvA{]Imcw kΩXn®p. ]t£Np≠pIƒ am{Xambncp∂p AXv]d™Xv. AbmfpsS lrZbw BhmKvZm\w \ntj[n®ncp∂p. AXn∂vtijw AhtfmSv tNmZn®p: ‘C\n]dbq, GXv XcØnep≈ ]p{X\mWnh≥ ?’ AXn∂v Ahƒ DØcw]d™p: ‘Rm≥ hnhmlw Ign®Znhkw B¿ØhImcnbmbncp∂p.CXv ImcWw Fs‚ `¿Ømhv Fs∂hn´I∂ncp∂p. ]t£ Hcp ]nimNvFs‚ AcnIn¬ hcnIbpwFt∂msSm∏w ibn°p IbpwsNbvXp. Cu thgv®bnemWv F\n°vCh≥ P\n®Xv.’ Aßs\ bmWv. Cubphmhv Pmc\msW∂v am{Xa√B¿Øh Imcnbmbncn°ptºmƒ
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥40
amXmhn\v P\n®h\p amsW∂mWvF\n°v sXfn™Xv.’ d∫ntbmSvtNmZyw tNmZn®h¿ CXv tI´t∏mƒH∂S¶w {]Jym]n®p: ‘d∫n AIn_mlvalm\mWv. At±lw Xs‚ ]p¿hnIsckXys∏Sp Ønbncn°p∂p. Ah¿B›cys∏´p. tPmk^ns‚ aIs\∏‰nkXyw shfns∏SpØnb C{ktbens‚ssZhØn∂v kvXpXnbmbncn°s´!
\ΩpsS c£I\mb tbiphns\]‰nbpw At±lØns‚ amXmhvadnbsb]‰nbpw blqZ¿ a\ nem°nb P\\IY AhcpsS sXm¬ZmØvtPjzm(Tholdath Jescha˛tbiphns‚Xeapd) F∂ ]pkvXIØnepw CtXhm°pIfn¬ Xs∂ hnhcn®ncn°p∂p.
alm\mb tbiphns‚ hnip≤\maØn\pw {]XnNvOmb°pw ta¬
sImSpw]Ibp≈ At±lØns‚i{Xp°ƒ hmcnsbdn™ sI´p\mdp∂ amen\y߃s°Xnsca\pjy\nep≈ am\yX {]Xntj[n°mXncn°n√. Xo¿®bmbpw tbiphns\ K¿`w [cn®Xv Nmcn{XhXnbpwhnip≤ I\yIbpamb a¿bamWv.\ΩpsS ssZhØns‚ ]cn[nbn√mØkrjvSneoeIf√msX as‰m∂pwXs∂tbiphns‚ K¿` [mcWØn¬kw`hn®n´n√. EXpaXnbmbncn°ptºmƒ ]nimNpambn thgv® \SØnK¿`nWnbmbn F∂ ]cma¿iwIqSpX¬ \∂mbn tNcpI ]IbpsSK¿`w [cn°p∂ a\ pIƒ°mWv .IjvSw! hnip≤mXvam°fpsS [¿a]Xv\namsc°pdn®p am{Xa√AhcpsS hnip≤ amXm°ƒ
s°Xnscbpw at\m sshIrXw_m[n®hcpsS \mhpw XpenIbpwhnjhpw amen\yhpw No‰pIbmWv.
. . . . . . . .CØcw ss]imNnIambIfhpIfn¬ hnizkn°p∂h¿ hºn®shdpt∏m AtXm klXm ]tamGXmWv A¿ln°p∂X. vF\ns°m∂pw ]dbm≥ km[n°p∂n√ ’(The Thalmud Unmasked byRev.I.B.J. Pranites, chap1.p.30) 7
Reference : 1.Jewish encyclopeadia,www. jewish virtual library, jews, god and his-tory max .i. dimont, 2 hn. Jp¿B≥ 2:114
www.livius.org, 3 aØmbn 23:273, 4 tbml: 8:
42:˛45, 5 religious encyclopeadia ,under thetitleof anti semitism p. 324, 6 aØm: 27:25) 6, 7hristianity from facts to fiction - hadrath mirzatahir ahmad.
Im-cWw Ae-kX ]nSn-s]-´p. Zo\o
Ahÿ \√-Xmbn tXm∂n-bn-√. DjvW-
Im-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. D® ka-bw. Dd-ßp-
I-bm-bn-cp∂p Rm≥. Fs‚ Ah-km\
\nan -j-am -sW∂v F\n°v tXm∂n.
kz]v\-Øn¬ ImWp-I-bm-Wv. Rm≥
P\-߃ kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv tIƒ°p-
∂p. F∂m¬ adp-]Sn H∂pw ]d-bm≥
Ign-bp-∂n-√. Fs∂ Ipfn-∏n-®p. I^≥
[cn-∏n -®p. Aßs\ Fs∂ adhp
sNbvXp. aÆn-´p. Fs∂ adhv sNbvXp
P\-߃ Xncn-®p-t]m-b-t∏mƒ J_¿
Ccp-h-i-Øp-\n-∂pw Fs∂ sRcp°n-°-
f-™p. AXv kln-°m≥ Ign-™n-cp-
∂n -√. At∏mƒ Fs‚ apºn¬
lZvdØv akolv auDuZv (A) \n¬°p-
∂p. Fs∂ Nq≠n-s°m≠v ]d-™p.
\n߃ Ft∂mSv CXmtWm hmKvZm\w
sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xv.
Hcp hiØv Rm≥ hfsc {]bmkw
A\p-̀ -hn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. adp-̀ m-KØv
lZvdØv kmln-_ns‚ hm°p-Iƒ.
Rm≥ Iptd Ic-™p. Rm≥ ]d-™p.
lpkq¿ Rm≥ ad-∂p-t]m-b-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.
Ft∂mSv £an-®m-epw. C\n Rm≥ Hcn-
°epw CXn¬ Ipdhv hcp-Øp-∂-X-√.
lZvdØv kmln_v t]mbn. At∏mƒ
Fs‚ IÆv Xpd-∂p. B ka-bØv
Rm≥ `b-hn-lz-e\pw hfsc {]bm-k-
Øn-ep-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXv hnh-cn-°m≥
Ign-bn-√. IÆp-\o¿ Hgp-Ip-∂p-≠m-bn-
cp-∂p. t]Sn®v hnd-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
DSs\ Jn_ve°v t\sc Xncn™v \a-
kv°-cn-°m≥ XpS-ßn. Hcp Imew hsc
Cu kw`hw Fs∂ h√msX
thZ\n∏n®p. thZ-\bpw {]bm-khpw
D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
A°m-eØv h√-h-cnepw Ae-kX
D≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Xs∂ A√mlp
Ah-tcmSv IcpW sNbvXp-sIm≠v Cu
coXn-bn¬ Ahsc Db¿Øp-I-bp-≠m-
bn. CXpw A√m-lp -hns‚ Hcp
kvt\l-{]-I-S-\-am-Wv.
lZvdØv akolv auDuZv (A) ]d-
bp-∂p: k¿Δ-i-‡\pw A\yq-\-\p-
amb A√m-lp-hn-s\-bmWv Ckvemw
ka¿∏n -®n -cn -°p-∂-Xv. Ah-t\mSv
\ap°v ZpB sNøm-hp -∂-Xm-Wv.
henb henb {]Xo-£-Iƒ Ah-\n¬
\n∂pw ]q¿Øn-bm-°m≥ km[n-°pw.
AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ah≥ kqd ̂ mØn-
lm-bn¬ ZpB ]Tn-∏n-®-Xv. \n߃
Ft∂mSv tNmZn-°p-I. ClvZn-\- kzn-dm-ج apkvXJow. kndmØ√Zo\A≥AwØ Asselnw -C-em-ln!
\ns‚ henb henb ^fvep-Ifpw
A\p-{K-l-ßfpw Cd-°-s∏-´-h-cpsS
am¿Kw \o R߃°v ImWn-®p-X-tc-
W-ta. Cu ZpB \ap°v ]Tn-∏n-®p-X-
∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv R߃ hniz-kn®p
F∂v am{Xw ]d™v Ccn -°msX
\n߃ {]h¿Ø-\-\n -c -X-cm-Ip-I.
A√m-lp-hns‚ kao-]-ÿ-cm-Im≥ Ic-
ÿ-am-°nb A\p-{K-l-߃°mbn
\nßfpw ]cn-{i-an-°p-I.
ssZh-Iƒ∏-\-Iƒ \S-∏n¬ hcp-
ØpI F∂Xv Hcp hnØv hnX-°p-∂-
Xp-t]m-se-bm-Wv. AXns‚ kzm[o\w
Bflm-hn¬ D≠m-Ip-∂p. Irjn-bnSw
\\-°p-Ibpw ITn-\m-[zm-\-tØmsS
AXn¬ hnØv hnX-°p-Ibpw sNbvXv
H∂p-c≠v amkw Ign-™n´pw apf h∂n-
s√-¶n¬ B hnØv tami-am-Wv F∂v
[cn -t°≠nbncn -°p-∂p. C_m-Z -
Øns‚ Ah-ÿbpw CXp -X -s∂.
Hcmƒ A√mlphns\ GI\pw
]¶pImc-\n√mØh\pamsW∂v a\- n-
em-°p-Ibpw \a-kv°-cn -°p-Ibpw
t\msº-Sp-°p-Ibpw Ign-hns‚ ]c-am-
h[n ssZh-I-¬-∏-\-Iƒ ]men-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-Ibpw F∂n´pw A√m-lp-hns‚
]°¬ \n∂v {]tXy-I-amb Hcp klm-
bhpw Ah\v e`n-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬,
Ah≥ hnX-°p∂ hnØv tami-am-
sW∂v a\- n-em-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
Cu \a-kv°mcw A\p-jvTn-®p-sIm-
≠mWv ]ecpw JpXzv_pw A_vZmepw
Bbn -´p -≈-X v . F∂m¬
\n߃s°¥p-]-‰n? \n߃ CX-\p-
jvTn-®n´pw Hcp KpWhpw \nß-fn¬
D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. Gs¥-¶nepw acp∂v
Iptd D]-tbm-Kn-®n´pw Hcp-Kp-Whpw
AXp-sIm-≠n-s√-¶n¬ B acp∂v icn-
b√ F∂v kΩ-Xnt® aXn-bm-Iq. Cu
Ahÿ Xs∂bmWv \a-kv°m-c-Øn-
s‚-Xpw.
Cu ktμiw a\- n-em-°p-∂-h-
cm°n A√mlp \sΩ am‰-s´. CX-\p-
k-cn®v Xß-fpsS PohnXw \bn-°p-∂-
h-cmbn amd-s´. A√mlp \ap°v
bYm¿∞ coXn-bn-ep≈ C_m-ZØv
sNøm≥ Xu^oJv \¬I-s´. Ahs‚
{]oXn Ic-ÿ-am°p∂h-cm°n \sΩ
am‰s´.
hnh¿Ø\w Fw. \mkn¿ AlvaZv
sImSnbØq¿
t]Pv 11 ¬ \n∂v XpS¿®
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥41
kndnbbn¬ _»mdp¬ AkZns‚
`cWØns\Xnsc 2011 am¿®n¬
Bcw`n® Iem]߃ ]›n
tajybnse Ad_v hk¥Øn\v
c‡Ohn Ie¿Øn `oXnZØambn
apt∂dpIbmWv. CXn\Iw Iem]
Øn¬ ]Xn\mbnctØmfw BfpIƒ
acn®psh∂mWv dnt∏m¿´pIƒ
kqNn∏n°p∂X. v Ad_v hk¥
tØmS\p_‘n®v SpWojy,
CuPn]vXv, ba≥ F∂nhnSßfn¬
kam[m\]cambpw en_nbbn¬
c‡w Nn¥nbpw D≠mb `cWam‰w
kndnbbn¬ tNmc]q°ƒ hncnbp∂
`oIc hk¥ambn amdptam?
Atacn°˛]›mXy iIvXnIfpsSbpw
kDuZnbpsSbpw t\XrXzØn¬ an°
Ad_v cmPyßfpw kndnb≥
`cWIqSØns\Xnsc Hcp `mKØpw
djy, ssN\, Cdm≥ F∂o cmPy߃
kndnb≥ `cW IqSØn\v A\pIqe
ambn adphiØpw c≠v tNcnI
fnembn \n¬°ptºmƒ, imw
tZihpambn _‘s∏´v {]hN\
ßfn¬ kqN\bp≈, Ahkm\
ImesØ h≥ bp≤ßfnte°v AXv
\bn°mXncn°s´ F∂v \ap°v
{]m¿Yn°mw.
A©v ]Xn‰m≠mbn \ne\n¬
°p∂ Ad_v _Akv tkmjyenkv‰v
]m¿´nbpsS `cWØn¬ \n∂v
hntamN\Øn\mbn kndnb≥ P\X
\SØp∂ Iem]߃°v
Atacn°≥ ]m›mXy i‡nI
tfmsSm∏w kDuZn, Xp¿°n, JØ¿
F∂o cmPy߃ ]Whpw ssk\nI
klmbhpw \¬In klm
bn°p∂p≠v. ]nXmhv lm^nkp¬
AkZv 2000 ¬ acn®Xn\v tijamWv
_»mdp¬ AkZv `cWta‰ SpØXv.
{_n´\n¬ hnZym`ymkw \n¿hln®v,
\∂mbn Cw•ojv kwkmcn°p∂
_»¿ Cw•ojpImcnsb Xs∂bmWv
hnhmlw Ign®Xv. F√m Ad_v
`cWm[nImcnItfbpw t]mse
P\m[n]XyØn\v ]p√phne
I¬∏n°p∂ Iq´Øn¬ s]´bmfmWv
_»¿. kndnbbnse Cu
{]t£m`Øn\v inbm kp∂n
kwL¿jØns‚ Hcpam\w IqSn
\¬Im≥ X¬]cI£nIƒ
{ian°p∂p≠v. {]t£m`w \SØp∂
`qcn]£w P\ßfpw kp∂nIfpw
`cn°p∂ _»mdp¬ AkZns‚
IpSpw_w "AehnIƒ' F∂dnb
s∏Sp∂ inbm hn`mKØn¬
s]´hcpamWv. \memw Jeo^
Aenøp_v\p A_oXmen_ns‚
\maØn¬ \n∂mWv Cu inbm
hn`mKØn\v AehnIƒ F∂ \maw
e`n®Xv. Cusbmcp ]›mØeamWv
kp∂n inbm kwL´\ambn kndnb≥
{]t£m`w Nn{XoIcn°s∏Sp∂Xv.
]m›mXy˛ Ckvdtb¬ i‡nIfpsS
e£y km£mXv°mcØn\v apkvenw
inbm hn`mKobXbpsS Cu \ndw
klmbIamWv. kndnb≥ `cWIqS
Øn\v Cdms‚ \n¿tem`amb ]n¥pW
bpamhptºmƒ Nn{Xw ]q¿Wamhp∂p.
Ckvdmtbep ambn AXn¿Øn
]¶nSp∂ kndnb Ahcpambn ISpØ
i{XpXbnemWv. Cdms\ kndnbbp
ambSp∏n°p∂ LSIßfnsem∂m
WnXv.
2011 P\phcn 26 \v SqWokn¬
{]t£m`Øn\v XpS°w Ipdn® AtX
coXnbnemWv kndnb≥ Iem]Øn\pw
XpS°w Ipdn®Xv F∂Xv tIhew
bmZrNvOnIas√∂v IcpXp∂hcp≠v.
kndnb≥ `cWIqStØmSp≈ {]Xn
tj[w F∂ \ne°v l ≥ Aen
AJne F∂bmƒ Xo sImfpØn
BXvamlqXn sNøpIbmbn cp∂p.
c≠v ZnhkØn\v tijw AXns‚
{]Xntj[ambn \SØnb
{]IS\Øn¬ c≠v kndnb≥ t]meo
kpIm¿ sIm√s∏´p. ]n∂oSv kndnb
bnepS\ofw {]t£m`w Bfn∏S
cpIbmbncp∂p. C∂v Uamkv°
kS°w apgp kndnbtbbpw A{Iaw
{Kkn®ncn°pIbmWv. Atacn°bpw
]m›mXy cmPyßfpw Cu {]t£m`
sØ Bhp∂{X DuXn IØn°m≥
{ian°p∂p≠v. ]t£ en_nbbn¬
D≠mbXv t]mse Ad_v eoKns\
D]tbmKn®mWv Ah¿ kndnbsb
ssIImcyw sNøm≥ {ian°p∂Xv.
kndnbs°Xnsc Atacn° ]›mXy
cmPyßfpsS ]n¥pWtbmsS bpF≥
c£mkanXnbn¬ sIm≠ph∂
D]tcm[ {]tabw djybpw ssN\bpw
IqSnbmWv hot‰m sNbvXXv. XßfpsS
]¶mfnbmb Ckvdmtben\pth≠n
G‰hpw IqSpX¬ hot‰m {]tbmKn®
Atacn° CXns\Xns\Xnsc djybpw
ssN\tbbpw cq£ambn hna¿in
®n´p≠v. Ad_v eoKv AwKoIcn®
kndnb≥ `cWam‰ {]tabsØ
Np≠n°m´n djytbbpw ssN\
tbbpw A\p\bn∏n°m\p≈ {iaØn
emWv Atacn°bpw ]m›mXy
tem_nbpw {ian°p∂Xv. `cWam‰w
sIm≠v AhcpsS Xm¬]cy߃°v
bmsXmcp lm\nbpw kw`hn°n√
F∂v t_m≤ys∏SpØm≥ Atacn
°bpw kJycmPyßfpw ]cky
ambpw clkyambpw {ian°p∂p≠v.
kndnb djybpsS Zo¿LIme
ssk\nI ]¶mfnbmWv. CubnsS
djybpsS 36 bm°v ss^‰¿
hnam\ßfmWv kndnb hmßnbXv.
AXvt]mse ssN\bn¬\n∂v kndnb
h≥ tXmXn¬ Bbp[߃ hmßn
°q´p∂p.
kndnb≥ {]t£m`ImcnIsf
kDuZn Atd_ybpw JØdpw
Xp¿°nbpamWv ]n¥pW°p∂Xv.
Ckvemankv‰pIƒ°v {]mapJyap≈
kndnb≥ \mjW¬ Iu¨knepw
kndnb≥ hntamN\ tk\bpamWv
{]t£m`Øn∂v t\XrXzw \¬Ip∂Xv.
Atacn°bpsSbpw ]›mXy cmPy
kndnb: c‡m`amhp∂ Ad_v hk¥w
Ipdn∏pIƒ
apkm^n¿
2012 sabvvkXyZqX≥42
ßfpsSbpw Ckvtbens‚bpw ]n¥p
Wbpw Bio¿hmZhpap≈ {]t£m`
Øn∂v A¬ JbvZ t\Xmhv Abva≥
A¬ khmlncnbpw ]n¥pW
{]Jym]n®n´p≠v. khmlncnbpsS
]n¥pW Atacn°≥˛ ]m›mXy
]n¥pWbpsS •ma¿ Ipd°psa∂
Xn\m¬ AXv aqSn sh°m\p≈
{iahpw \S°p∂p.
kndnb AS°w 22 AwKßfp≈
(Ct∏mƒ kndnbsb kkvs]‚ v
sNbvXncn°bmWv). Ad_v eoKns‚
\nco£W dnt∏m¿´ v ]›mXy
apJy[mcm am[yaßfpsS {]NmcW
߃s°Xncmbncp∂p. kpUm≥
{]Xn\n[n aplΩZv AlvaZv apkvX^
A¬ Zm_nbmbncp∂p Ad_veoKv
\nco£W kwLØns‚ Xeh≥.
kndnb≥ Kh¨sa‚ v am{Xa√
c‡s®mcn®nen\v ImcWw. AhnsS
Iem]w \SØp∂ kmbp[
{Kq∏pIfpsS A{IaWßfnemWv
knhnenb≥ Bƒ \miw IpSpX¬
kw`hn°p∂sX∂pw dnt∏m¿´ v
Nq≠n°m´n. CXn\pt]m¬_eIamb
hkvXpXIfpw dnt∏m¿´n¬ ]cma¿
in®ncp∂p. Kh¨sa‚ v Bkq{XnX
ambn {]t£m`Isc ASn®a¿
Øp∂n√ F∂pw D≠mhp∂Xv H‰s∏´
kw`hßfmsW∂pw Ad_v eoKv
\nco£I≥ tcJs∏SpØn. Ad_v
eoKv \nco£Is‚ A`n{]mbw
kDuZnsbbpw ]Sn™md≥ am[y
aßfptSbpw {]NmcWØns\Xn
cmbncp∂p. CXv kDuZnsb
sNmSn∏n®Xns\ XpS¿∂v Ad_v eoKv
ZuXyw ]n≥hen°pIbp≠mbn.
AXns‚ Xeh\mbncp∂ A¬Zm_n
cmPnsh°m≥ \n¿_‘nX\mbn.
AXn\v tijw ]pXnb \nco£W
ZuXyØn\v th≠n A`y¿Yns®¶nepw
kndnb kΩXn®n´n√. ]n∂oSv Ad_v
eoKns‚ ssItdm ao‰nßn¬ bp. F≥
Ad_v eoKv kwbp‡ kam[m\
tk\sb hn\ykn°m≥ bpF∂n
t\mSv Bhiys∏Sm≥ Xocpam\n
®n´p≠.v as‰mcp hkvXpX ]m›mXy
cmPyßfpsS ]n¥pWtbmsS sIm®p
cmPyamb JØ¿ Ad_v taJebnse
i‡amb cmPyambn hfcpIbmWv.
JØdmWv Ad_v eoKn\v CØhW
A≤y£X hln®Xv. ^ekvXo≥
AtXmdn‰nbpsS Dugambn´pw
JØdn\v ]ekvXo≥ sNb¿am≥
CØhWÿm\w Hgn™p sImSp°p
Ibmbncp∂p. ]Icw 400 an√y≥
tUmf¿ JØ¿ ]ekvXo≥
AtXmdn‰n°v \¬In. Ad_v eoKns\
kDuZnbpsS klmbtØmsS
]m›mXy tNcnbnte°v \bn°m\m
bncp∂p CsX∂v hy‡w. JØ¿
AaodmIs´ Xpd∂ \nebn¬
kndnbbn¬ ssk\nI CSs]S¬
thWsa∂ Bhiy°mc\mWv.
JØ¿ kz¥ambn Xs∂ kndnbbn¬
ssk\ysØ Ab°m\pw k∂≤
{]ISn∏n®n´p≠v. en_nbbnte°v
K±m^ns°Xnsc Iem]w \SØm≥
KqVam¿§Øn¬ BZyambn ssk\y
sØ Ab®Xv JØdpw {^m≥kpw
{_n´\pambncp∂p. Ad_v eoKns‚
krjvSn Xs∂ ]m›mXy Xm¬]cy
߃°v th≠nbmbncp∂p F∂XmWv
hkvXpX. BtKmf apkvenw kaql
Øn¬ \n∂v GsX¶nepw hn[Ønep
≈ Hcp CkvemanI cmjv{Sob
Dbn¿sØgpt∂¬∏v D≠mhp∂Xv
]m›mXy i‡nIƒ `bs∏´ncp∂p.
BtKmf apkvenw im‡oIcWsØ
Xpc¶w sh°m≥ th≠nbmbncp∂p
temI apkvenw sFIyØn\v ]Icw
Ad_v tZiobXsb tI{μoIcn®v
sIm≠v Ad_v eoKv cq]oIcn®sX∂
kXyw \mw hnkvacn°cpXv. XpS°
Øn¬ kqDuZn Atd_y, CuPn]vXv,
CdmJv, {Sm≥kv, tPm¿±m≥, e_\m≥
F∂o Bdp cmPy߃ am{Xambn
cp∂p Ad_v eoKn¬ D≠mbncp∂Xv.
c≠mw temI almbp≤m\¥cw
1945¬ {_n´ojv hntZiImcy sk{I´
dnbmbncp∂ B‚Wn CuU≥
{_n´ojv ]m¿esa‚n¬ sNbvX
{]kvXmh\sb XpS¿∂mWv Ad_v
eoKns‚ cq]oIcWw \S°p∂Xv.
lnPmkv `cn°p∂ Ad_nIfpsS
Iq´mbva D∂w sh°p∂ GXv
kwc`Øn\pw X߃ ]n¥pW°p
sa∂mbncp∂p {_n´ojv sk{I´dn
bpsS {]kvXmh\. AXvsIm≠v Ad_v
eoKns‚ t\XrXzØn¬ \n∂pw
]m›mXy i‡nIƒs°Xncmbns°m
≠p ≈ bmsXmcp Xocpam\ßfpw
D≠mhm≥ t]mhp∂n√.
dkq¬ Xncpta\n (k) Ahkm\
ImesØ k¿h\miw hnX°p∂
i‡nIfpsS ]pd∏mSns\ ]‰n ]d™
{]hN\߃ imapambn AYhm
kndnbbpambn _‘s∏´XmWv.
kndnb Dahn Jnem^Øns‚ Bÿm
\ambncp∂p. ]e ImeØpw AXn¿
Øn am‰nhc°s∏´ Hcp cmPyamWv
imw. \nch[n \mKcnI kwkvIrXn
IfpsS P∑`panbpw hf¿Øp`pan
bpamb kndnb AhbpsSsb√mw
D∞m\]X\߃°v km£yw hln®
Ncn{X `qanbmWv. temIØns‚
]cnjv°cWØn\pw c£°pambn
A√mlp C°meØv\n tbmKn®b®
hmKvZØ akolv lZvdØv AlvaZv
(A)kndnbbpambn _‘s∏SpØn
]d™ alm{]hN\w \ΩpsS {i≤
bnep≠mbncn°Ww. AhnSp∂v
]d™p: temIØv hºn® Hcp
{]fbw(liv¿) D≠mIpw. AXp
H∂masØ {]fbambncn°pw. F√m
cmPm°∑mcpw (cmjv{Sßfpw)
]ckv]cw B{Ian°pw. temIw c‡w
sIm≠v \ndbpamdp tNmc sNmcn®nep
≠mIpw. Hmtcm cmPm° ∑mcptSbpw
{]PIƒ XΩnepw ̀ b¶ camb bp≤w
\S°pw. temI hym]Iamb Hcp
\miap≠mIpw. Cu F√m kw`hß
fpsSbpw tI{μw imw( kndnb)
Bbncn°pw. (XZv°ndØp¬ alvZn ˛
A_qlpdbvd (d) \nthZ\w sNøp∂p. \_n Xncpta\n (k)
Acpƒ sNbvXp. {]mIrXsc∂p tXm∂Ø°hn[w NoImsX
s]mSn]mdnb apSntbmSpIqSnb F{Xtbm BfpIfp≠v. Ah⁄
bm¬ hmXnepIƒ AhcpsS t\sc sIm´nbS°s∏Sp∂p.
F∂m¬ (Ah¿°v A√mlphns‚ ASpØv ÿm\ap≠v.)
A√mlphns‚ t]cn¬ Ah¿ BWbn´m¬ A√mlp AhcpsS
hm°pIƒ km£m¬°cn°pw.
(apkvenw)
Zp¿_etcmSp≈ klXm]w
2012 sabvkXyZqX≥43
Xlvco°v PZoZns‚ h¿jw \hwº¿ 1 apX¬
Bcw`n®v HIvtSm_¿ 31 \v Ahkm\n°p∂XmWv.
Jeo^Øp¬ akolns‚ CXv kw_‘n® hnfw_cw
CXn\v apºv \S ØnbXmWv. A\pKrloXamb Xlvco°v
PZoZns\ ]‰n AXns‚ ÿm]I\mb lZvdØv
Jeo^Øp¬ akolv c≠ma≥ ]dbp∂p:
Hm¿°pI, Cu ]≤Xn A√mlphn¬ \n∂p≈XmW.vAXn\m¬ Ah≥ Xo¿®bmbpw CXns\ D∂Xnbn¬FØn°p∂XmW.v CXns‚ am¿KØnep≈ XS ßsf√mw ZqcnIcn°p∂XmWv. `panbn¬ \n∂v AXn\p≈ kma{KnIƒ D≠mhp∂ns√¶n¬ BImiØp\n∂pwA√mlp AXn≥ta¬ A\p{Klw h¿jn°p∂XmWv.
Cu ]≤Xnbn¬ XymKat\m`mhtØmSp IpSn ]¶mfnIfmhp∂h¿ A\pKrloX¿! Fs¥∂m¬ CkvemanINcn{XØn¬ Ft∏mgpw AhcpsS t]cv BZcthmSpIqSn kvacn°p∂XmWv. A√mlphns‚ ka£Øn¶¬Ch¿°v {]tXyI ÿm\w e`n°p∂XmWv. Ah¿t¢iw kln®p sIm≠v Zo\ns‚ ZrVoIcWØn\vth≠n ]cn{ian®p. AhcpsS kwc£Ww A√mlpGs‰Sp°p∂XmWv. ssZhnI {]Imiw AhcpsSlrZbßfn¬ \n∂v ]pds∏ v́ temIsØ {]Imin∏n®psIm≠ncn°p∂XmWv. (A¬ ^k¬, 1939 k]vXº¿)
A\pKrloXamb Cu ]≤Xnbn¬ ]¶mfnIfmhpI.
h°oep¬ am¬, Xlvco°v PZoZv, JmZnbm≥.
Xlvco°v PZoZv hnfw_cw
sImSpß√q¿: aPvenkv A≥kmdp
√mbpsS FdWmIpfw taJem
X¿_nbØv Iymºv 2012 G{]n¬
22˛mw XobXn sImSpß√q¿
B^nbØv akvPnZn¬ sh®v \S∂p.
IpSp_ PohnXw sI´pd∏p
≈Xm°p∂ ImcyØn¬ PamA
ØwK߃ {i≤ ]pe¿ØW
sa∂pw amXm]nXm°sf kwc£n
°p∂ ImcyØn¬ {]tXyIw
Du∂¬ \evIWsa∂pw Iymºn¬
A≤y£X hln® FdWmIpfw
A≥kmdp√m X¿_nbØv IymºvtkmW¬ Aao¿ _n. _n. AlvaZv
I_o¿ kmln_v A`n{]mbs∏´p.
Fw. Fw. A_vZp¿ dlow kmln_v
hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ ]mcmbWw
sNbvXp. auehn Fw. \mkn¿
AlvaZv kmln_v apJy {]`mjWw
\n¿hln®p. \mknw A≥km dp√mlv
]n. sI. imlp¬ laoZv kmln_v,
sImSp ß√q¿ PamAØv {]knU‚ v
ssk\p±o≥ kmln_v F∂nh¿
kwkmcn®p.
Atcn°bnse ^vtfmdnUbn¬ {InkvXy≥ Xo{hhmZn ]ptcmlnX≥ sSdntPm¨kv N¿®n\v ]pdØv hnip≤Jp¿B≥ IØn®v ho≠pw A¥mcmjv{S kam[m\sØ `RvPn®ncn°p∂p. 2010 ¬ aX{`m¥\mb Cu]ptcmlnX≥ Jp¿B≥ IØn®psIm≠v A¥mcmjv{S apkvenw kaqlØns‚ ISpØ {]Xntj[w £Wn®phcpØn.
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