NET323 D:
NETWORKS PROTOCOLS
Lab # 5 : Dynamic Route (RIP) Networks and Communication
Systems Department
TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
1
Lab Objectives 2
To connect small LANs using routers.
To configure dynamic route on the routers using
RIP (Routing Information Protocol).
To send ICMP message between devices in
different networks.
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Lab Content
Dynamic Route
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
RIP properties
RIPv2 (Routing Information Protocol version 2)
How to configure RIP on the router
How to configure RIPv2 on the router
Scenario (Configuring RIP on the router)
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Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Building a routing table
4
There are two basic methods of building a routing
table:
1. Static Routing
2. Dynamic Routing
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Dynamic Route
5
A dynamic routing table is created, maintained, and updated by a routing protocol running on the router.
Examples of routing protocols include
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)
Dynamic routing table is updated periodically using one of the dynamic routing protocols such as RIP, OSPF, or EIGRP.
Whenever there is a change in the Internet, such as the shutdown of a router or breaking of a link, the dynamic routing protocols update all of the tables in the routers.
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) 6
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a standards-based
on distance-vector algorithm to exchange routing
information.
RIP uses hop count to determine the best path between two
locations.
Hop count is the number of routers the packet must go
through till it reaches the destination network.
The maximum allowable number of hops a packet can
traverse in an IP network implementing RIP is 15 hops
(small networks)
There are two version of RIP: RIP and RIPv2
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
RIP properties 7
1- Based on distance-vector.
2- Each router has only one table which is “Routing Table”
3- Broadcast the routing table to all routers (broadcast address 255.255.255.255)
4- Sending tables each 30 seconds even if there is change or not overload
5- Can support classful addresses only
6- Letter that used to represent RIP on the routing table is R
7- the Administrative distance value of RIP is 120
8- RIP uses the hop count as metric or cost .
9- Suitable for small networks (The maximum allowable number of hops is 15
hops, if the destination is on 16th hop then it will be a host unreachable for RIP)
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
RIPv2
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RIPv2 is an improvement of RIP
RIPv2 properties :
1. Can support classless as well as classful addresses
2. Multicast the routing table to routers that used RIP as routing
protocol only (multicast address is 224.0.0.9) less
overload
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
How to configure RIP on the router?
9
RIP configuration
For each router, you have to configure only its directly connected networks by using the following command ( in the global configuration mode):
Router rip
network [network address]
.
.
exit
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
How to configure RIP on the router? Cont.
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Command description
Router rip Puts you in router rip configuration mode
Network [network address] Tell the routing protocol what network to
advertise (followed by the network address)
in dotted-decimal notation
Exit To exit from the router rip configuration mode.
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
[Example] Configuring RIP on a router
(Router 1) 11
Example :
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Router 1: router rip network 10.0.0.0 network 50.0.0.0 exit
Router 1 Router 2
10.0.0.0 /8 192.168.1.0 /24
[Example] Configuring RIP on a router
(Router 2) 12
Example :
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Router 1 Router 2
10.0.0.0 /8 192.168.1.0 /24
Router 2: router rip network 50.0.0.0 network 192.168.1.0 exit
How to configure RIPv2 on the router?
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RIPv2 configuration
For each router, you have to configure only its directly connected networks by using the following command ( in the global configuration mode):
Router rip
Version 2 network [network address]
.
.
exit
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
[Example] Configuring RIPv2 on Router 1
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Example :
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Router 1: router rip Version 2 network 10.0.0.0 network 50.0.0.0 exit
Router 1 Router 2
10.0.0.0 /8 192.168.1.0 /24
[Example] Configuring RIPv2 on Router 2
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Example :
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Router 1: router rip version 2 network 50.0.0.0 network 192.168.1.0 exit
Router 1 Router 2
10.0.0.0 /8 192.168.1.0 /24
Scenario # 1 16
1. Create two simple LANs (each LAN contains three devices)
2. Connect the two LANs using two router to create the third network (as shown in the following figure)
3. Configure RIP on the routers.
4. Perform a ping between PC “A” and PC “D” in realtime mode.
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
1. Open The Packet tracer
2. Add three PCs to the workspace ( by select the Generic PC under End Devices and drag it onto the workspace)
3. Rename them and set their IPs as the following:
Note: the network address will be 10.0.0.0 why??
Step 1 (Create the first network) 17
PC name IP Mask
A 10.1.1.1 255.0.0.0
B 10.2.2.2 255.0.0.0
C 10.3.3.3 255.0.0.0
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Step 1 (Create the first network) cont.
18
4. Drag Switch-PT to the workspace
5. Using Copper Straight-through cable connect the
three PCs to the switch as the following:
PC name Switch ports
A Fast Ethernet 1/1
B Fast Ethernet 2/1
C Fast Ethernet 3/1
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Step 1 (Create the first network) cont.
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Then perform a ping between PCs to test the connection in real
time mode.
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
1. Add one PCs and one laptop to the workspace ( by
select the Generic PC and Generic laptop under End
Devices and drag them onto the workspace)
2. Rename them and set their IPs as the following:
Note: the network address will be 192.168.1.0 why??
Step 2 (Create 2nd network) 20
End device
type
name IP Mask
PC D 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
laptop E 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
laptop G 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Step 2 (Create the 2nd network) cont.
21
3. Drag Switch-PT to the workspace
4. Using Copper Straight-through cable connect the
devices to the switch as the following:
Device name Switch ports
D Fast Ethernet 1/1
E Fast Ethernet 2/1
G Fast Ethernet 3/1
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Step 2 (Create the 2nd network) cont.
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Then perform a ping between devices (PC and laptops) to test the
connection in realtime mode.
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Step 3 (Create the 3rd network)
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1. Drag two Generic Router-PT to the workspace
2. Using Copper Straight-through cable, connect first Router
to the switch in the 1st network(using interface f0/0 in the
router)
3. Using Copper Straight-through cable, connect second
Router to the switch in the 2nd network(using interface f0/0 in
the router)
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
4. Using Copper Cross-over cable, connect the first Router
with the second Router (using interface f1/0 in both
routers)
Assign the following IPs to the router interfaces:
Router 1 :
Router 2 :
Step 4 ( Assigning IPs to router interfaces)
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Connection IP Mask
Fast Ethernet 0/0 10.1.1.1 255.0.0.0
Fast Ethernet 1/0 50.1.1.1 255.0.0.0
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Connection IP Mask
Fast Ethernet 0/0 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Fast Ethernet 1/0 50.1.1.1 255.0.0.0
Step 4 ( Assigning IPs to router interfaces) cont.
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You have to enter to the CLI of the router by
clicking on it and then choose CLI tab
1
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Router 1 Configuration ( interface f0/0)
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Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Router 1 Configuration ( interface f1/0)
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Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Router 2 Configuration ( interface f0/0)
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Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Router 2 Configuration ( interface f1/0)
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Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Network # 1
For each PC, change the gateway to 10.1.1.1 which is the
gateway of the first network
Step 5 ( Adding Gateway)
30
The gateway of first network
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Step 5 ( Adding Gateway) cont. 31
1
3
Adding gateway
Desktop tab IP configuration enter gateway
*Repeat the same steps for PC “B” and PC “C”
2
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Network # 2
For each PC, change the gateway to 192.168.1.1which is
the gateway of the second network
Step 5 ( Adding Gateway) cont.
32
The gateway of second network
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Step 5 ( Adding Gateway) cont. 33
1
3
Adding gateway
Desktop tab IP configuration enter gateway
*Repeat the same steps for laptop “E” and laptop “G”
2
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
In RIP configuration:
For each router, you have to configure only its directly connected networks (that you want to advertise to another routers)
By using the following command in global configuration mode:
router rip
network [ network address]
.
.
exit
Step 6 ( RIP Configuration)
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Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
List all directly connected networks
RIP Configuration on Router 1
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Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Router 1
RIP Configuration on Router 2
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Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Router 2
Step 7 (Performing a Ping in Realtime mode)
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Click on PC”A” “Desktop”
tap Command Prompt
Write the following command Ping 192.168.1.2
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Step 8 (Showing Routing table for the two Routers)
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Use the following command to show the routing table at
privilege mode
Show ip route
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Routing table (Router 1)
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Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Identifies the Administrative Distance and the metric of this route.
**The 1st number is administrative distance and the 2nd number is the metric
C Identifies that the network connected directly with the router.
R Identifies that the route was dynamically created by RIP.
Identifies the network address of the connected network.
Identifies the interface that used to route the packet to the network.
Identifies the next hop address that used to route the packet to the network.
Routing table (Router 2)
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Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
Identifies the Administrative Distance and the metric of this route.
**The 1st number is administrative distance and the 2nd number is the metric
C Identifies that the network connected directly with the router.
R Identifies that the route was dynamically created by RIP.
Identifies the network address of the connected network.
Identifies the interface that used to route the packet to the network.
Identifies the next hop address that used to route the packet to the network.
References
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Cisco Packet Tracer Help
Balchunas, A. (2007). Static vs. Dynamic Routing. Retrieved 2015, from
http://www.routeralley.com/guides/static_dynamic_routing.pdf
Cisco Networking Academy's Introduction to Routing Dynamically. (2015, September 3). Retrieved 2015, from
http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=2180210&seqNum=12
Jabbar, G. (2012, January 3). Cisco ASA – Administrative Distance and Metric. Retrieved 2015, from
http://www.gomjabbar.com/2012/01/03/cisco-asa-administrative-distance-and-metric/#sthash.cbKhlDvF.dpbs
Cisco Networking Academy's Introduction to Routing Dynamically. (2014, March 24). Retrieved 2015, from
http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=2180210&seqNum=12
Basic Cisco IOS Commands and Descriptions Cisco Forum FAQ | DSLReports, ISP Information. (2015, August 19).
Retrieved 2015, from http://www.dslreports.com/faq/8979
Difference between RIP Version 1 And RIP Version 2(n.d.). Retrieved 2015, from
http://cforcyber.blogspot.com/2015/06/difference-between-rip-version-1-and.html
Distance Vector and Link State Protocols. (2012, August 7). Retrieved 2015, from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ygxBBMztT4U
Networks and Communication Systems Department – Prepared By: TA. Anfal AlHazzaa
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