NACSO & CBNRM NACSO & CBNRM PROGRAMPROGRAM
NACSO & CBNRM
By Maxi Pia Louis
VISION 2030VISION 2030THE OVERRIDING MESSAGE
THAT THIS REPORT CONVEYS IS :
THE OVERRIDING MESSAGE THAT THIS REPORT
CONVEYS IS :
by capitalising on Namibia’s comparative advantages and providing appropriate incentives to use our natural resources in the most efficient ways possible, we will be in a better position to create a safer, healthier and more
prosperous future for all Namibians – to 2030 and beyond.
State ParksState Parks 13.7 m 13.7 m haha
CommunalCommunal
ConservanciesConservancies10.5 m 10.5 m
haha
Freehold Freehold ConservanciesConservancies 4.3 m 4.3 m
haha
Hunting farmsHunting farms 3.5 m 3.5 m haha
Private Private ReservesReserves
0.5 m 0.5 m haha
OverviewOverview
1. Introduction to NACSO1. Introduction to NACSO
2. CBNRM and Conservancy overview2. CBNRM and Conservancy overview
3. Challenges to the national CBNRM 3. Challenges to the national CBNRM programmeprogramme
1. Introduction to NACSO1. Introduction to NACSO
Who we are: Current NACSO Who we are: Current NACSO membersmembers
CRIAA SADCCRIAA SADC Desert Research Foundation of Namibia (DRFN)Desert Research Foundation of Namibia (DRFN) Legal Assistance CentreLegal Assistance Centre IRDNCIRDNC MRCC- UNAMMRCC- UNAM NACOBTANACOBTA Namibia Development Trust (NDT)Namibia Development Trust (NDT) Nyae Nyae Development FoundationNyae Nyae Development Foundation NANGOFNANGOF NNFNNF RISERISE Rössing FoundationRössing Foundation !Nara!Nara Otjozondjupa Conservancy Regional AssociationOtjozondjupa Conservancy Regional Association
A few individual membersA few individual members
MET has observer statusMET has observer status
Background to the Background to the formation of NACSOformation of NACSO
IRDNC activities since early IRDNC activities since early 1980s1980s
LIFE Programme support since LIFE Programme support since 19931993
MET legislation passed in 1996 MET legislation passed in 1996 (increased interest, demand and (increased interest, demand and stakeholders)stakeholders)
Gift to the Earth Award received Gift to the Earth Award received in 1998in 1998
Formation of NACSO (1999)Formation of NACSO (1999)
Funded by:Funded by: USAID, WWF, ……USAID, WWF, ……
Government gazette
Of the
Republic of Namibia
Windhoek - 17 June 1996 No. 1333
contents
Government Notice
No. 151 Promulgation of Nature Conservation Amendment Act, 1996
(Act 5 of 1996), of the Parliament
Founding philosophy and Founding philosophy and principlesprinciples
Voluntary Association of Voluntary Association of organisations with a CBNRM track organisations with a CBNRM track record record
To harness wide range of skills To harness wide range of skills available into synergetic nation-wide available into synergetic nation-wide supportive CBNRM movementsupportive CBNRM movement
Acknowledge that no single Acknowledge that no single institution houses all of the skills, institution houses all of the skills, resources and capacity to provide resources and capacity to provide the required multi-faceted assistance the required multi-faceted assistance to community organisationsto community organisations
Intention not to establish new Intention not to establish new implementing organisation but to implementing organisation but to improve national level coordination improve national level coordination and sharing of information and sharing of information
Small, lean and mean SecretariatSmall, lean and mean Secretariat
Founding principles Founding principles (cont.)(cont.)
Implementation roles and functions Implementation roles and functions spread out amongst members, and spread out amongst members, and Secretariat working through member Secretariat working through member organisationsorganisations
Regular review of services providedRegular review of services provided Decision-making by consensusDecision-making by consensus Differentiate between NACSO as a Differentiate between NACSO as a
support structure and the National support structure and the National CBNRM ProgrammeCBNRM Programme
Differentiate between NACSO Differentiate between NACSO Secretariat and NACSO as an Secretariat and NACSO as an associationassociation
Partners and LinkagesPartners and Linkages
2. Conservancy overview2. Conservancy overview
Where are conservancies in Namibia?Where are conservancies in Namibia?
50 Conservancies gazetted to date
Around 118,704 km2, representing 39.8 % of Namibia, now falls within communal area conservancies
220,620 people living in conservancies
Conservancy Support Conservancy Support ActivitiesActivities
Natural Resource Natural Resource ManagementManagement
Institutional Institutional Development and Development and Capacity buildingCapacity building
Business and Business and Enterprise Enterprise DevelopmentDevelopment
Social, institutional Social, institutional and Governanceand Governance
Mobilization of Mobilization of diverse diverse communitiescommunities
Capacity builtCapacity built
AdvocacyAdvocacy
Institutional Development Institutional Development and Capacity Buildingand Capacity Building
Managing conservancy assets:•Wildlife•Natural Resources•Tourism•Finances•Staff & assets•Communication•Legal•HIV & AIDS
Getting registered:•Boundaries•Membership•Committee•Constitution•Management and monitoring
Development of Conservancy NR Development of Conservancy NR ManagementManagement
& Monitoring Systems & Monitoring Systems
Monitoring
Land use planning
Game use & reintroduction
Diversify beyond wildlife
SAVE OUR PEOPLE!
SAVE OUR RESOURCES!
SAVE OUR NATION!
WHAT ARE THE IMPACTSWHAT ARE THE IMPACTS
AS MUCH AS HIV AND AIDS ARE AS MUCH AS HIV AND AIDS ARE IMPACTING ON THE ROGRAM, THE IMPACTING ON THE ROGRAM, THE CBNRM PROGRAM IS ADVERSELY CBNRM PROGRAM IS ADVERSELY IMPACTING ON THE PANDEMIC:IMPACTING ON THE PANDEMIC:
Why?Why? On organizational staff are migrant workers.On organizational staff are migrant workers. Conservancy staff are migrant workers.Conservancy staff are migrant workers. We are bringing development to the people.We are bringing development to the people. We are changing the economic environment of people.We are changing the economic environment of people. We are changing the social environment of people.We are changing the social environment of people. We are creating exchange opportunitiesWe are creating exchange opportunities
THE IMPACTS OF HIV AND AIDS THE IMPACTS OF HIV AND AIDS ON OUR PROGRAMON OUR PROGRAM
ON ORGANIZATION LEVEL:ON ORGANIZATION LEVEL:• AbsenteeismAbsenteeism• Low work productionLow work production• Loss of working hoursLoss of working hours• Reduction in organizational incomeReduction in organizational income• Extra burden on other staff.Extra burden on other staff.• StigmaStigma• Discrimination.Discrimination.• Loss of organizational capacity.Loss of organizational capacity.• Loss of skills and so many othersLoss of skills and so many others
IMPACTS OF HIV AND AIDS ON IMPACTS OF HIV AND AIDS ON THE CONSERVANCIES:THE CONSERVANCIES:
• Absenteeism from conservancy activities.Absenteeism from conservancy activities.• Loss of working hoursLoss of working hours• Loss of skills.Loss of skills.• Loss of expertise.Loss of expertise.• Loss of indigenous knowledge.Loss of indigenous knowledge.• Loss of conservancy management.Loss of conservancy management.• Loss of conservancy income.Loss of conservancy income.• Loss of community support.Loss of community support.• Conservancy breakdown.Conservancy breakdown.
IMPACTS OF HIV AND AIDS ON IMPACTS OF HIV AND AIDS ON NATURAL RESOURCES:NATURAL RESOURCES:
Exploitation of resources.Exploitation of resources. Over utilization of resources such as:Over utilization of resources such as: GrassGrass WoodWood Medicinal plantsMedicinal plants Game pouchingGame pouching DesertificationDesertification Land GrabbingLand Grabbing
HOW DO WE MITIGATE HOW DO WE MITIGATE IMPACTS?IMPACTS?MAKING HIV AND AIDS PART AND PARCEL OF MAKING HIV AND AIDS PART AND PARCEL OF
WHAT WE ARE DOING!!WHAT WE ARE DOING!!MAINSTREAMING IT INTO THE CBNRM MAINSTREAMING IT INTO THE CBNRM
PROGRAM.PROGRAM.
OUR MITIGATION STRATEGIES:OUR MITIGATION STRATEGIES: Establishment of HIV and AIDS structures within the Establishment of HIV and AIDS structures within the
already existing CBNRM program.already existing CBNRM program. HIV and AIDS Policies in place.HIV and AIDS Policies in place. HIV and AIDS Programs in place at NGO, conservancy and HIV and AIDS Programs in place at NGO, conservancy and
community levels.community levels. Active awareness raisingActive awareness raising TOT trainings and transformation of informationTOT trainings and transformation of information Breaking down stigma and discrimination.Breaking down stigma and discrimination. Networking and linkages with other partnersNetworking and linkages with other partners Monitoring of our natural resources.Monitoring of our natural resources. Establishing of social support structures.Establishing of social support structures. Program monitoring and evaluation.Program monitoring and evaluation.
Tourism Tourism Developments& Developments&
MarketingMarketing
Campsites, crafts, guiding
Joint Venture Lodges
Namibia National CBNRM Namibia National CBNRM Program Program
2006 Benefits2006 BenefitsCBNRM Program Benefits 1994 - 2006
0
4,000,000
8,000,000
12,000,000
16,000,000
20,000,000
24,000,000
28,000,000
32,000,000
Year
N$
Conservancy Non-Financial Benefits NR-based Household/Wage IncomeConservancy / Enterprise Committee Income
US$3,983,430
CBNRM Program 2006 - Source of Benefits
Joint Venture Tourism40%
Trophy Hunting23%
Campsites/CBTEs14%
Shoot and Sell2%
Premium Hunting0%
Live Game Sale0%
Thatching Grass9%
Game Meat Dist.3%
Game Donation3%
Interest Earned1%
Own Use Game3%
Crafts2%
Veld products0%
5. Key Challenges5. Key Challenges
Challenges for The Conservancy Challenges for The Conservancy ProgramProgram
• Improving Local Governance
• Low Literacy Levels in Communal Areas
• Poor Understanding of Business Management
• Overstretched Capacity• Agricultural Subsidies
• Continued Improvement of Conservation Policies
• Finding Common Ground to Bridge Cultural Diversities
• Human Wildlife Conflicts
ConclusionsConclusions
CBNRM and conservancies are an ideal mechanism to promote rural CBNRM and conservancies are an ideal mechanism to promote rural development because they:development because they:
bring new and potentially large sources of income to poor rural peoplebring new and potentially large sources of income to poor rural people
are excellent entry points for all forms of rural development because are excellent entry points for all forms of rural development because of the institutional mechanisms already in placeof the institutional mechanisms already in place
are excellent entry points for integrated land and natural resource are excellent entry points for integrated land and natural resource management initiativesmanagement initiatives
promote good governance and democracy at local levelspromote good governance and democracy at local levels
offer entry points for capacity-building, empowerment and skills offer entry points for capacity-building, empowerment and skills transfertransfer
deliver real OUTCOMES to local and national development objectives.deliver real OUTCOMES to local and national development objectives.
Thank you!Thank you!
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