Nachhaltige Entwicklung nur möglich ohne umweltschädliche SubventionenMarkus Knigge – Advisor to the Pew Environment GroupNovember 22nd 2011
Reform umweltschädlicher Subventionen auf „EU-Ebene“
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Content
• What do E-NGOs ask for?
• Selected EU processes related to the budget;
• Fisheries subsidies;
• Examples of lobbying activities on fisheries subsidies; and
• Questions for the debate.
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Ten principles for the budget
1. Public money for public goods and ecosystem services;
2. Targeted spending ;
3. Coherence within and across European policies and instruments;
4. Maximising EU leverage;
5. Long term cost effectiveness;
6. Integrated strategy;
7. Transparency;
8. Partnership;
9. Accountability schemes;
10. Environmental proofing.
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Selected EU policy processes
• Financial regulation;
• Resource efficiency strategy;
• Review Env. Impact Assessment directive;
• Review Energy tax directive;
• EU Regional Development Fund (ERDF);
• European Social Fund (ESF);
• Cohesion Fund;
• State aid guidelines;
• Proposals for CAP, EMFF etc.
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EU Overcapacity
• “fleet overcapacity remains the fundamental problem of the CFP.”
• “EU fishing fleets can in many cases exert a fishing pressure on the stocks which is two to three times the sustainable level.”
Trend in the EU fishing fleet capacity in terms of power (kW) between 1992 and 2006
0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
9.000
10.000
11.000
1.1.
92
1.1.
93
1.1.
94
1.1.
95
1.1.
96
1.1.
97
1.1.
98
1.1.
99
1.1.
00
1.1.
01
1.1.
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To
tal
flee
t p
ow
er i
n k
W/1
000
EU 12 EU 15 EU 25 EU12 effective
Entry exit regime
MAGP IV1997-2002
MAGP III1992-1996
FIFG 1994-1999 FIFG 2000-2006
Source: European Commission (2008) Reflections on further reform of the CFP
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Is funding supporting the CFP objectives?
• EFF and support to Fisheries Partnership Agreements amount to circa €1 billion annually.
• EC contribution to control and enforcement is limited to €46 million.
• EC contribution to data collection is limited to €43 million.
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Objectives
1. Stop subsidies contributing to overfishing in the next financing instrument (2014 – 2021);
2. Minimise spending on existing measures contributing to overfishing.
How to get there?1. File access to information requests to get data;
2. Encourage an informed debate about fisheries subsidies by making data publicly accessible;
3. Analyse spending of EU fisheries subsidies;
4. Increase pressure from wide range of organisations.
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• Sought FIFG data 1994 – 2006 (97,260 payments worth €8.5 billion);
• Statistically cleaned data;
• Categorised subsidies data to illustrate their potential contribution to overfishing;
• Linked FIFG data with EU fleet register to add further information;
• Set up searchable web site (www.fishsubsidy.org);
• Created subsidies map;
• Created social media presence;
• Added EFF data 2007 -2010 (47,712 payments worth €1,2 billion).
Fishsubsidy.org
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FIFG 2000-06 for fleet measuresFleet/ gear
FIFG funding € M Key target stocks Status Trend
C M S Channel & North Sea mixed whitefish bottom trawl
2.3 5 15 Cod (North Sea, Eastern Channel & Skagerrak) ↑
11.1 3.7 14.5 North Sea mixed whitefish gillnet 0.6 1.8 11.8 Cod (North Sea & Skagerrak). ↑ Biscay & Iberian bottom-set gillnet 21 2.7 12.4 Hake (Southern VIIIc and IXa) ↓
Monkfish (VIIIc & IXa) ↓ Biscay & Iberian mixed whitefish bottom trawl
120
10.7
26.4
Hake (Southern VIIIc and IXa) ↓ Monkfish (VIIIc & IXa) ↓ Megrim (VIIIc & IXa) → Demersal elasmobranchs (VIII & IXa) → Nephrops (VIIIc & IXa) →
Western Mediterranean hake gillnet 4.2 1.5 1.5 Hake (GSA 06) ↓ Western Mediterranean hake bottom trawl 43 12.8 12.9 Hake (GSA 06) ↓
2 0.5 0.8 Hake (GSA 07) ↓ Western Mediterranean tuna gillnet 4.2 1.5 1.5 Bluefin tuna (FAO 37.1 & ICES IXa) ↓
1 0.7 0.2 Bluefin tuna (FAO 37.1) ↓ Biscay & Iberian small pelagic purse seine 51 23.3 8.6 Anchovy (VIIIbc; IXa) → W. Med’ small pelagic purse seine 8.1 1.7 10.1 Sardine (GSA 1 & 6, FAO 37.1.1) → Stock in good condition Stock is at risk Stock is overfished
↑ Stock in recovery → Stock is stable ↓ Stock in decline
Source: Poseidon (2010) FIFG 2000–2006 Shadow Evaluation
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Is fleet support only marginal?
Source: Poseidon (2010) FIFG 2000–2006 Shadow Evaluation
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Is fleet support mainly targeted towards small scale?
Source: Poseidon (2010) FIFG 2000–2006 Shadow Evaluation
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Overlap between IUU and FIFG Subsidies
Source: fishsubsidy.org (2010) When Crime Pays
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Fishsubsidy.org analyses
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• Remind Barroso about the roadmap to abolish env. harmfully subsidies
Pressure on the top
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• > 140 member groups;
• 18 EU Member States;
• Including environmental and development groups, aquariums, fishers, consumer groups and others;
• 5 focused objectives, including subsidies.
OCEAN2012 Coalition
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Some questions
• What is the exact objective (see 10 principles)?
• Which are the most important processes?
• What is the strategy to get there?
• What role could Germany play in the strategy?
• What is an effective and efficient way to move Germany?
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Thank you for your [email protected]
“Coming together is a beginning. Keeping together is progress. Working together is success.”
Henry Ford
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