Multi-Agency Response
Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster
Environmental Law Institute Seminar
November 15, 2013
Presentation Overview
• Preventive measures
• Re-opening protocol
• Seafood safety criteria and methods
• Testing for re-opening and results
• Extended surveillance testing and results
• Federal and state interagency coordination
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 2
Preventive Measures
• Closure of oil-spill impacted waters to commercial &
recreational watercraft and fishing
• Closure of areas expected to be impacted by oil to
commercial or recreational watercraft and fishing
• Testing of seafood from open waters to verify that
closures were protective
• Performance of HACCP Inspections at Primary Seafood
Processors & Wholesalers across Gulf Coast
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 3
November 15, 2013 4 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster
November 15, 2013 5 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster
Re-opening Protocol
• Developed by federal and state multi-agency
consensus – completed June 18, 2010
• Established strict criteria for decision-making
and the assessment of Seafood Safety
http://www.fda.gov/food/ucm210970.htm
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 6
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 7
Criteria for Ensuring Seafood Safety (view at www.fda.gov “Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill update”)
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 8
Testing to Re-open Waters for Fishing Performed June 2010 – April 2011
• FDA tested seafood from state waters
• NOAA tested seafood from federal waters
• All seafood was tested using
1. Organoleptic evaluation
2. Chemical analysis
3. Chemical testing for dispersant marker
• Methods details can be viewed at www.fda.gov
“Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill Update”
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 9
Corexit 9500 Ingredients
• Propylene glycol (CAS 57-55-6)
– a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) food additive, among other
common uses
• Petroleum distillates hydrotreated light fraction (CAS 64742-47-8)
– a mixture of food-grade n-alkanes ranging from nonane to hexadecane
• Ethoxylated sorbitan mono- and trioleates and sorbitan monooleate
(CAS 1338-43-8, 9005-65-6, 9005-70-3)
– Surfactants used in cosmetics, toothpaste and other consumer products
• Sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate (CAS 577-11-7)
– a wetting agent in food, industrial, and cosmetic applications and a OTC
medicinal laxative
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 10
Selection of Corexit 9500 Marker
• Sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate (CAS 577-11-7)
– Bioactivity
– Low volatility
– Potential for persistence in the environment
• U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Health &
Human Services, http://www.toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/. Search term 577-11-7.
Accessed 10/22/2010.
• R. A. Flurer et al., Determination of dioctylsulfosuccinate in select seafoods
using a QuEChERS extraction with liquid chromatography – triple
quadrupole mass spectrometry. Laboratory Information Bulletin. U.S. Food
and Drug Administration (2010) & www.fda.gov gulf oil spill updates
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 11
Testing to Re-open Waters for Fishing Performed June 2010 – April 2011
(continued)
• 2,824 specimens collected from state waters and tested by
organoleptic and chemical analyses
• 5,387 specimens collected from federal waters and tested by
organoleptic and chemical analyses
• 20% of all tests verified by repeat testing in other laboratories
• 50% of specimens subjected to testing for dispersant residue
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 12
13 November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster
Results from Testing to Re-open Waters for Fishing Performed June 2010 – April 2011
• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels in all test
samples found to be 100 to 1000 times below levels of
concern
• Dispersant (DOSS) levels in all test samples found to be
below LOD in majority of samples and > 1000 times below
level of concern in the few samples in which it was detected
• Results are available at www.fda.gov > More Public Health
Focus > Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill Update
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 14
15 November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster
Extended Surveillance Testing Plan October 1, 2010 to October 1, 2012
• Sample collection from 118 primary processors or wholesalers
across the Gulf Coast
• 42 seafood specimens targeted for collection from each firm
– 24 oysters; 8 crabs; 200 grams shrimp (approx. 10)
• 4,956 total oysters, crabs & shrimp targeted
• Actual number of specimens collected contingent upon seasonal
availability of products.
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 16
Extended Surveillance Testing Completed For the period October 1, 2010 to April 8, 2011
• 106 seafood primary processors or wholesalers inspected
and samples collected
• 1,406 seafood specimens tested
• Average of 281 specimens tested per month
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 17
18 November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster
Results from Extended Surveillance Testing Completed from October 1, 2010 to April 8, 2011
• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels in all
test samples found to be 100 to 1000 times below
levels of concern
• Dispersant (DOSS) levels in all test samples found to
be below LOD in majority of samples and > 1000 times
below level of concern in the few samples in which it
was detected
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 19
Federal – State Interagency Coordination
• NMFS and State public health agencies also
testing for PAH and dispersant residues
• FDA, NMFS and State cooperation on uniformity
of methods established
• Seafood testing is currently scheduled to continue
for two years by FDA
• Data is reviewed every six months to ensure
proper targeting of vulnerable species
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 20
Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
Status of Seafood Safety
Fish and shellfish harvested from areas reopened
or unaffected by the DWH oil spill closures are
considered safe to eat
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 21
Efforts to Ensure the Safety of
Seafood Imports from Japan
Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster
Environmental Law Institute Seminar
November 15, 2013
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 23
• Notification and Assessment
• Government of Japan (GOJ) Response
• FDA Food Safety Screening
• Surveillance Results
Presentation Overview
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 24
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 25
EPA RadNet Monitoring System
• http://www.epa.gov/radnet/index.html November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 26
Levels of Interest
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 27
GOJ Surveillance Testing Thru August 2013
• Since March 2011 over 528,000 samples have been
collected and analyzed.
Press release date
Food origin Sampling date Food tested Level of radioactive contaminants in food (expressed as radionuclide levels (Bq/kg)).
Prefecture Area
Iodine-131 Cesium-134 Cesium-137 Total Sum Cesium
2-Apr-11 Ibaraki Oarai-machi 1-Apr-11 pacific sandeel 66 66 4-Apr-11 Ibaraki Oarai-machi 1-Apr-11 sand lance 1900 66 66
4-Apr-11 Ibaraki kitaibaraki-shi 1-Apr-11 sand lance 4080 447 447 5-Apr-11 Ibaraki Hitachinaka-shi Isozaki offshore 4-Apr-11 sand lance 600 83 83 5-Apr-11 Ibaraki Kitaibaraki-shi offshore 4-Apr-11 sand lance 1700 526 526
9-Apr-11 Fukushima Iwaki-shi 7-Apr-11 sand lance 1,700 280 290 570 9-Apr-11 Fukushima Iwaki-shi 7-Apr-11 sand lance 1,200 240 260 500 9-Apr-11 Fukushima Iwaki-shi 7-Apr-11 sand lance 1,500 240 250 490
9-Apr-11 Fukushima Iwaki-shi 7-Apr-11 sand lance 1,100 240 240 480 11-Apr-11 Ibaraki Hitachinaka offshore 8-Apr-11 sand lance 598 81 81 12-Apr-11 Ibaraki Kitaibaraki-shi offshore 11-Apr-11 sand lance 2,300 420 420
13-Apr-11 Fukushima Iwaki-shi 13-Apr-11 sand lance 12,000 6,200 6,300 12500 13-Apr-11 Fukushima Iwaki-shi 13-Apr-11 sand lance 300 190 200 390 13-Apr-11 Ibaraki Kitaibaraki-shi offshore 13-Apr-11 sand lance 1,600 357 357
13-Apr-11 Ibaraki Hitachinaka-shi offshore 13-Apr-11 sand lance 397 66 66
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 28
http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/topics/2011eq/index_food_radioactive.html
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 29
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 30
FDA Surveillance Testing
http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/PublicHealthFocus/ucm247403.htm
• To date FDA has:
– Performed nearly 45,000 field examinations at import entry
– Collected ~ 1,600 food samples, ~ 200 were seafood products.
• None of the seafood samples analyzed had any
detected levels of radiation.
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 31
Fukushima Nuclear Plant Disaster
Status of Seafood Safety
Japanese seafood in commerce within the
United States has been screened both in Japan
prior to export and in the United States upon
entry. Because of the work performed to limit
this radiological hazard, we are confident that the
seafood imported into the United States from
Japan is safe to eat.
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 32
Additional Information
• Debris
http://icais.org/pdf/2013abstracts/2Tuesday/Session%20C-
5/250_Brady.pdf
• Various Resources
http://www.usa.gov/Japan2011.shtml
November 15, 2013 ELI Seminar – Ensuring Seafood Safety After A Disaster 33
Top Related