Modelling the formation of attentional episodes: It’s about
time
Brad Wyble
Molly Potter
andHoward Bowman
Mark Nieuwenstein
Jenn Olejarczyk
25/08/08Utrecht
Spreading of Sparing
Olivers, Van Der Stighchel & Hulleman (2007)Kawahara, Kumada, & DiLollo (2007)
…D T1 T2 D D… 90 ms
…D T1 T2 T3 D…
% A
ccu
racy
100
70
40
…D T1 D T2 D…
Sparing
Simultaneous-TypeSerial -Token
Episod
icTokens
Binding Pool
1 2 3 4
Encoding
Types
T1 Tn
Input
T2 D
…
…
Task Demand Input
*
BlasterTransientAttention
Working MemoryEncoding
Targets
Attention
Acc
ura
cy
Spreading of Sparing
Data from Olivers, Van Der Stigchel, & Hulleman (2007)
Same ParametersSame Parameters
Prediction:
~200 ms temporal Interval between targets initiate an Attentional Blink
One RSVP Experiment 4 conditions
all mixed together
...D T D T D T D T D...
...D T T T T D D D D...
...DDTDTDTDTDD...
...DDTTTTDDDDD...
107 ms SOA
53 ms SOA
Time course of attention unaltered by distractors
DTDTDTDTD
400ms (50ms SOA)
D T T T T D
400ms (100 ms SOA)
Std Err
Why care about episodes?
Sparing:More Items
Blinking:Episodic
Distinctiveness
Measure temporal order as an index of episodic information
Temporal Order for Targets 200ms apart
TDTDTDT
TTTTDDD200ms
91%
79%p < .015std err ~4%
Blinked
Spared CorrectlyOrdered
100%
86%
CONCLUSION
eSTST ModelThe Attentional Blink provides Episodic
Distinctiveness: Sparing at a Cost
Wyble, Bowman,Nieuwenstein (In Press) JEP: HPP
http://www.bradwyble.com/research/models/eSTST/
Attention structures perception into episodes
This strategy manifests as sparing and blinking
Temporal intervals between target onsets, not distractors, trigger the end of an episode
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