PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Mining Matters Teachers’ Workshop
Thursday, April 30, 2015
Dynamic Earth, Sudbury, ON
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Overview of the session
• Curriculum connections
• Earthly treasures
– Minerals versus rocks
– Scientific testing and identification of minerals
– What Ontario mines
• Recycling rocks
– Classification and identification of rocks
• Rocks as clocks
– Fossils of Ontario
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Curriculum Connections
All of the Fundamental Concepts can be addressed through Earth science.
Strand, Understanding Earth & Space Systems
Topics in science:
• Grade 4
– Rocks and minerals
• Grade 7
– Heat in the environment
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Competency Continuum
• Where do you stand?
Beginning
Exploring
Emerging
Competent
Proficient
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Earthly Treasures
Which treasure is a rock and which is a mineral?
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
become
Elements to Rocks
Minerals are the building blocks of rocks.
Chemical
Elements Minerals
Rocks
bond to become
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Activity: Scientific Testing & Identification of Minerals
• After the overview of the tests, use equipment package to make observations of the minerals
• Refer to the properties of minerals chart to match each sample to a mineral name
• Place each sample in the correct place on the Mineral Challenge place mat
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Operating mines in Ontario
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Recycling Rocks
• The rock cycle has been recycling rock for billons of years; using the same materials to make and remake rocks in an endless cycle.
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
The Three Rock Groups IGNEOUS
Intrusive • solidifies within the earth • slow cooling means mineral grains have time to grow • coarse grain
Extrusive • solidifies near or on the surface • rapid cooling means minerals have only short time to form • fine grain
SEDIMENTARY Clastic • made up of pieces (clasts) of pre-existing • particle size from microscopic clay to huge boulders
Chemical • formed by chemical precipitation
Biological • may from accumulated carbon-rich plant material or from deposits of animal shells
METAMORPHIC Foliated •forms when pressure squeezes the fat or elongate minerals within a rock so they become aligned • develop platy sheet -like structure
Non-foliated •no matter how much pressure is applied, grains will not align • contact metamorphism, magma intrudes into pre-existing rock; baked by heat
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Activity: Rock Classification
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Rocks as clocks
• Reflecting on what you have learned thus far, which rock type would most likely contain fossil evidence?
Transport Sedimentation New rock
formation
Fossilization Preservation Dead Organism Life in the past
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Getting your bearings
• Fossils through time:
– Geologist record the history of the Earth on a timescale that is unfamiliar to your students
Eons, eras, periods,
epochs … oh my!
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Fossils of Ontario • What is the fossil record?
• How are fossils formed and how do scientist find and identify fossils?
• What can a collection of fossils tell us about Ontario’s past?
• Can you think of an economically important reason to study geology?
• Why are sites like Manitouiln Island Nature Reserve of great importance to researchers, the public, etc.
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Activity: Mono-, di-, trilobite
• Blank paper
• Crayons (3 colours)
– Head
– Thorax
– Tail
• Trilobite fossil samples
• Attempt to create a complete representation of a trilobite by using all the samples in classroom
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Activity: What time is it?
Fossil Challenge
• Without referring to the ON Fossil guide place mat, try to place the sample fossils of Ontario, order from oldest (left) to youngest (right)
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Resources for you
• Mining Matters • Field trip subsidy and continuing Earth
science teacher support
• Ontario Mining Association • Summer, Teacher ‘s Mining Tour
• Geological Survey of Canada • Popular Geoscience Fact Sheets
• EdGeo & CGEN • Bringing Earth Science to Life teacher
resouces
PROSPECTORS AND DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINING MATTERS
Reflections Please fill in your workshop feedback sheet.
Thank you.
school [email protected]
416.863.6463
www.miningmatters.ca
Twitter: mmSchoolProgram
Slideshare: MiningMattersCA
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