Mediums of the Mediums of the Visual ArtsVisual Arts

PaintingPainting

- the art of creating - the art of creating meaningful effects on a flat meaningful effects on a flat

surface by the use of surface by the use of pigments.pigments.

Canvas

Oil Paint

Color Pigments

Paintbrush

Paintbrush

OilOil- pigments are mixed in oil.pigments are mixed in oil.

- surface used is usually canvas, surface used is usually canvas, although other surfaces like wood, although other surfaces like wood,

paper, and metal may be used.paper, and metal may be used.- the surface must receive oil paint the surface must receive oil paint freely, and yet not absorb it, can freely, and yet not absorb it, can

withstand temperature changes, and withstand temperature changes, and not crack the pigment on it.not crack the pigment on it.

OilOil

this medium is popular to painters this medium is popular to painters because there is no limit to the ways because there is no limit to the ways of handling oil pigments.of handling oil pigments.

the pigment may be applied in a the pigment may be applied in a thick and heavy opaque manner or in thick and heavy opaque manner or in washes of almost water color washes of almost water color transparency.transparency.

Carlos “Botong” Francisco, Norma Carlos “Botong” Francisco, Norma BellezaBelleza

Wind-up Adarna

Mona Lisa

Mona Lisa

TemperaTempera- mixture of ground pigments and an mixture of ground pigments and an

albuminous or colloidal vehicle, either egg, albuminous or colloidal vehicle, either egg, gum, or glue, used by Egyptian, Medieval, gum, or glue, used by Egyptian, Medieval,

and Renaissance painters.and Renaissance painters.- special characteristic of emulsion (watery, special characteristic of emulsion (watery,

milk-like mixture of oily and watery milk-like mixture of oily and watery consistency) that rapidly dries.consistency) that rapidly dries.

- usually done in a wooden panel that has usually done in a wooden panel that has been made smooth with a coating of plaster.been made smooth with a coating of plaster.

- the colors are mixed with egg yolk, and the colors are mixed with egg yolk, and since the paint dries rapidly there is little since the paint dries rapidly there is little

blending or fusing of colors.blending or fusing of colors.

TemperaTempera- falls into - falls into 3 principal dimensions3 principal dimensions: :

unvarnished or gouache-like tempera, unvarnished or gouache-like tempera, varnished tempera, and tempera as an varnished tempera, and tempera as an

under painting for oil.under painting for oil.

Madonna and Child

The Last Supper

WatercolorWatercolor

- pigments are mixed with water and pigments are mixed with water and applied to fine white paper.applied to fine white paper.

- colors are applied in very thin layers.colors are applied in very thin layers.- other materials like parchment, ivory, other materials like parchment, ivory,

silk, and cambric are also used as silk, and cambric are also used as ground.ground.

Self-portrait Cézanne

Mädchen

Young Hare

Jedburgh Abbey from the River

PastelPastel

- possesses only surfaces of light, - possesses only surfaces of light, gives no glazed effect, and most gives no glazed effect, and most closely resembles dry pigment.closely resembles dry pigment.

Pastel

A bravura pastel portrait of Louis XV

Self-portrait of Italian painter Rosalba Carriera holding a portrait of her sister.

Jean Baptiste Simeon Chardin

FrescoFresco- the colors are mixed with water and applied the colors are mixed with water and applied

to fresh plaster which absorbs the color.to fresh plaster which absorbs the color.- since the pigment has been incorporated since the pigment has been incorporated

with the plaster, it lasts until the wall is with the plaster, it lasts until the wall is destroyed.destroyed.

- means “means “freshfresh” in Italian” in Italian

Ceiling Mosaic

Fresco of St. Nicholas by Dionisius

Sistine Chapel Ceiling

Sistine Chapel Ceiling

Creation of Adam

AcrylicAcrylic

- synthetic paints using acrylic synthetic paints using acrylic emulsion as binder.emulsion as binder.

- combines the transparency and combines the transparency and quick-drying qualities of quick-drying qualities of

watercolor and are as flexible as watercolor and are as flexible as oil.oil.

Red Acrylic Paint

Detail of acrylic painting showing finishes that resemble both oil and watercolor

Fluorescent acrylic paints lit by UV light